5-41
Five- Day Biochemical Oxygen Demand
COD Chemical Oxygen Demand of Photographic Chemicals
This printing replaces the 12 73 edition COD values have been added, some BOD5 values revised, new chemicals added, and discontinued chemicals deleted The infor- mation contained in this publication has been carefully prepared and IS believed to be accurate Any particular use of such information must, however, be the respon- sibility solely of the user and must be without obligation or liability on the part of Eastman Kodak Company
0 Eastman Kodak Company 1981 Table of Contents Page No
Purpose of BOD and COD Measurements ...... * ...... 3
Testing and Reliability ...... 3 BOD ...... 3 COD ...... 3
Sample Calculations ...... 4- Table I BOD5 and COD Values for Individual Chemicals ...... 5
Table II BODs and COD Values for Black-and-white Film Processing Chemicals 6
Table Ill BOD5 and COD Values for Black-and-white Paper Processing Chemicals . . a
Table IV BOD5 and COD Values for Color Film Processing Chemicals ...... a KODAK Chemicals, Process C-22 ...... 8 KODAK Tri-Mask Chemicals ...... 8 KODAK Chemicals, Process E-4 ...... 9 KODAK Chemicals, Process E-6 ...... 9 KODAK Chemicals, Process E-GAR ...... 9 EA-5 Chemicals ...... 9 KODAK Chemicals for Motion Picture EKTACHROME Films ...... 9 EKTACHROME Movie Chemicals ...... 9 ES-8 Chemicals ...... 10 FLEXICOLOR@Chemicals fo ...... 10 FLEXICOLORa Chemicals for Process C-41V ...... 10 FLEXICOLORs AR Chemicals ...... 10
Table V BODs and COD Values for Color Paper Processing Chemicals ...... 10 EKTAPRINT 2 Chemicals ...... 10 EKTAPRINT 3 Chemicals ...... 10 EKTAPRINT 300 Chemicals . ... 10 EKTAPRINT R-5 Chemicals ...... 10 EKTAPRINT R-100 Chemicals ...... 10
Table VI BODSand COD Values for Processing Chemicals for KODACHROME Films. 10 KODAK Replenishers, Process K-14 ...... 10
Table VI1 BOD5 and COD Values for Litho Plates Processing Chemicals ...... 11 KODAK POLYMATIC S, M, W, and L Litho Plates 11 KODAK POLYMATIC P Litho Plate ...... 11 KODAK PMT@Litho Plates ...... 11 Sundries and Press Chemicals ...... 11
Table Vlll BOD5 and COD Values for Misce!!aneons Chemica!s ...... !I
More Information ...... 12
Eastman Kodak Company has long been committed in cleaner environment. These publications are components both words and actions to the goal of a cleaner environ- of a series known as "Information for a Cleaner Environ- ment. One small step toward this goal has been the prepa- ment from Kodak." ration of a number of publications on how the photo- The pamphlet you are reading now is part of this series graphic-processing industry can contribute toward a as well as those publications listed on page 12.
2 r Purpose of BOD and COD Measurements Genesee River approximately three miles below the indus- Used photographic-processing solutions are generally trial waste-water treatment plant operated by Eastman discharged into a municipal sewer that leads to a waste Kodak Company at Kodak Park in Rochester, New York. treatment plant. The regulatory agency may require pho- It has been determined through tests in our laboratories tographic processors and other users of the sewer to that the type of seed water used in this area is not important furnish a measure of the waste load that is to be dis- in these analyses because all had similar microorganisms, charged daily. A Weston and Stack dissolved oxygen analyzer was used For proper operation, a treatment plant must not be to measure the dissolved oxygen content, and was cali- overloaded. The total volume of waste and some measure brated using the azide modification of the Winkler method. of its strength is needed. The strength may be measured In determining the BOD of a mixture of chemicals such by the amount of oxygen that is required for the degrada- as that found in packaged processing chemicals, the mea- tion of the waste. surement can be made on the composite mixture, or alter- The most common measure of the waste load is the natively, on solutions of each individual chemical, and the Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD). This test provides results totaled. The latter method was chosen here to avoid an estimate of the extent to which material degrades interference (toxicity) by any of the other chemicals in the biologically during waste treatment or in a stream. Bio- mixture. Certain chemicals, when present above a "thresh- old" concentration, may inhibit the action of micro- chemical oxygen demand is dependent upon time and is usually measured over a five-day period. BOD is a mea- organisms, thus producing an erroneously low BODS. sure of the amount of oxygen required to degrade the ma- When these inhibiting chemicals are diluted below their terial. lt may be expressed as a concentration in units of "threshold" levels, as they would be in a municipal waste- milligrams per litre or as a total quantity per unit of time treatment plant, the true BOD5 of the remaining ingredients (for example, pounds per day). Since the BOD is a static can be measured. Nearly all effluents experience some test, it does not necessarily parallel what will occur in a mixing with other wastes before they are treated. When the biological treatment system. It more closely estimates what treatment plant effluent is discharged to a stream, any will happen in a receiving body of water. However, it is residual biodegradable matter would continue to be bio- widely used to estimate the load on a waste treatment degraded. plant and is probably as reliable as any other available Example: test method. Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is a test method that Let us assume that a photographic solution con- determines the amount of oxygen required to oxidize the tains thiosulfate, sulfite, acetate, hydroquinone, and chemicals that are measured by a particular test method. copper. (This is a hypothetical example because COD measures most of the photographic processing copper is not used in photographic-processing chemicals that are measured by BOD, and also measures solutions.) The thiosulfate, sulfite, acetate, and hy- some chemicals not measured by BOD. The COD numeri- droquinone are all biodegradable and would exhibit cal value is usually larger than the BOD. However, there is definite measurable oxygen demands when mea- no fixed correlation between the two measurements ex- sured either as a composite soiution or indepen- cept in specific cases. dently and totaled. Copper, itself, has no oxygen A waste effluent is described more completely by re- demand. However, when added to the above mix- porting both the BOD and the COD. ture, it inhibits the growth of bacteria and produces As an aid to the processor, this publication lists both the an artificially low BOD5 value. When the solution BOD5 and COD values of most chemicals that can be used passes to the drain and eventually to a treatment in the processing of Kodak photographic materials, in- plant, the effect of the copper becomes negligible cluding prepared packages of chemicals. Thus, a proces- and the BOD5 contribution of the remaining mate- sor may estimate the total waste load by tabulating the rials is the same as it would be if copper were not amounts of chemicals used and by summing the BOD5 Dresent. values individually and the COD values individually, COD: This rapid test measures that portion of the waste chemicals that is oxidized by dichromate under the test Testing and Reliability conditions. Unlike the BOD test, the COD is not affected BOD: The BOD test is made under laboratory conditions by the presence in a waste of materials that may be toxic rather than under the conditions actually prevailing in a to microorganisms. It measures oxjjgeii-demanding mate- waste treatment plant or in a stream. The dissolved-oxy- rials such as thiosulfate, sulfite, developing agents, etc. gen concentration, temperature, time, amount of sunlight, The basis for the method is the reaction of the test mate- biological population, and agitation may be different. rial with a boiling mixture of dichromate and sulfuric acids. However, the method does give a fair approximation of A catalyst is used to provide measurement of some chemi- most waste loads. The test method is described in Stan- cals not otherwise oxidized. An additional reagent is added dard Methods for tbe Examination of Water and Waste- to avoid the interference of halides. The excess dichromate Water, American Public Health Association. The precision is titrated and then the calculation is made for the oxygen of this test method, measured on a synthetic mixture in 34 demand. This test method is also described in Standard laboratories with each laboratory using its own seed water, Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste-Water, showed a standard deviation of +17 percent. The pre- American Public Health Association. cision by a single analyst was 25percent. The reliability of the test method, using glucose as the The seed water used in our tests was taken from the test chemical, is 28percent (standard deviation),
3 SAMPLE CALCULATIONS Example: If 25 gallons of a two-component solution con- FROM BODS/COD TABLES sisting of 200 grams per litre of sodium thiosulfate (penta- hydrated) and 40 grams per litre of sodium sulfite (an- The following sample calculations should help in estimat- hydrous) were discarded, how many pounds of BOD5 ing the pounds of BOD5 or COD that might be discarded would be sent to the sewer system? into the sewer through the discharge of photographic Because this solution has more than one component, waste effluents. the pounds of BOD5 must be determined for each compo- The examples are given for BODS values. The same nent and added together to find the total of BOD5 going calculations can be applied for COD values. to the sewer. First, for sodium thiosulfate (pentahydrated), A. From Prepared Solutions 25 gallons When BOD5 gallon of solution is known directly from per 0.20 pound of BOD5 per pound of chemical table. (see Table I) If G = gallons of solution sewered 200 grams per litre x 0.00834 P = BOD5 in pounds per gallon 1.668 pounds per gallon and Q = pounds of BOD5 sewered GxRxS Then Q = G x P 25 x 0.20 x 1.668 8.34 pounds of BOD5 for sodium thiosulfate Second, through a similar calculation, the Qz for sodium Example: If 25 gallons of KODACHROME First Developer sulfite will be determined to be 1.001 pounds of BODS. Replenisher, Process K-14, were discarded, what would Because the solution is a combination of the above be the amount of BOD5 sewered? chemicals, the total BOD5 is obtained by adding the two Then G = 25 gallons results from above. P = 2 pound of BOD5 per gallon (see Table VI) 0.1 Total Q, = QI+ Qz Q=GXP = 8.340 + 1.001 = 25 x 0.12 Total QT I 9.341 pounds of BOD5 sewered Q = 3.0 pounds BOD5sewered C. For Total Effluent from Example: If 50 litres of Process EA-5 Prehardener and Processing Operations Replenisher were discarded, what would be the amount The approximate BOD5 of the effluent from all of the pro- of BOD5 sewered? cessing operations is determined by adding the pounds of Then G = 50 + 3.8 (3.8 L/gal) BODSfrom all packages and prepared solutions. That total G = 13.16 gallons is then divided by the number of gallons of water used by P = 0.21 pound of BOD5 per gallon (see Table IV) the processing operation during the time under considera- Q=GxP tion plus the amount of discarded solution. Q = 13.16 x 0.21 Q = 2.76 pounds of BOD5 sewered Example: If, during the time that the solutions from Exam- B. From Prepared Solutions ple A and Example B were sewered, 1000 gallons of water were used, what was the BOD5 per gallon sent to the When BOD5 per pound of chemical is known directly from sewer? table. Q= Total BOD5 If G = gallons of solution R = BOD5 per pound of chemical in solution Water usage + discarded solution S = concentration of chemical in pounds per gallon = 3.0 + 9.341 = 12.341 and Q = pounds of BOD5 of chemical 1000 + 25 1025 ThenQ =G x R x S Q = 0.01204 pound of BOD5 per gallon during Remember ihai 3 must be in terms of pounds per gallon. interval under consideration Therefore, if the amount of chemical in solution is known in grams per gallon or grams per litre or ounces per gal- lon, the following conversion factors must be used in order to convert to pounds per gallon. Grams per gallon, multiply by0.0022 Grams per litre, multiply by 0.00834 Ounces per gallon, multiply by 0.0625
4 Table I 0 BOD5 and COD Values far Individual Chemicals Table I (continued) Pounds Pounds per Pound per Pound Chemical Chemical of Chemical of Chemical BODS COD BODS COD
~~ Ammonium Hydroxide 0 0 Dicolamine 0.15 1.1 Ammonium Persulfate (Anhydrous) 0 0 KODAK DIMEZONE Developing Agent 0.42 2.2 Ammonium Thiocyanate <0.010 0.32 KODAK DIMEZONE S Developing Agent 0.13 1.8 Ammonium Thiosulfate (58% solution) 0.36" 0.44" Disodium EDTAt (Dihydrate) '0.025 0.67 KODAK Anti-Calcium, No. 1 0 0 Disodium Phosphate (Anhydrous) 0 0 KODAK Anti-Calcium, No. 3 <0.010 0.70 KODAK EKTAPRINT 3 Solubilizing Agent <0.01 0 KODAK Anti-Calcium, No. 4 0.015 0.14 KODAK EKTAPRINT 3 Stain-Reducing Agent, KODAK Anti-Calcium, No. 5 0 0.2 Type 2 ~0.01 0.5 KODAK Anti-Calcium, No. 6 0.03 1.8 KODAK ELON Developing Agent 0.75 1.3 KODAK Anti-Calcium, No. 7 0.01 0.45 ~ Ethylenediamine, <0.03 1.2 KODAK Anti-Fog, No. 1 <0.010 1.6 Ethylene Glycol 0.41 1.3 KODAK Anti-Fog, No. 2 <0.010 0.96 Formalin (37% formaldehyde) 0.37* 0.56 KODAK Anti-Fog, No. 5 <0.010 1.6 Formic Acid <0.03 0.32 KODAK Anti-Fog, No. 6 <0.03 1.8 KODAK Fungicide, No. 1 (Biocide No. 1) <0.01 1.12 KODAK Anti-Fog, No. 8 <0.010 1.4 EASTMAN Anti-Fog, No. 9 0 0.05 Gelatin 0.77 1.1 KODALK Balanced Alkali 0 0 KODAK 28% Acetic Acid 0.21 0.29 KODAK Glacial Acetic Acid 0.74 1.0 KODAK Balancing Developing Agent, BD-80 0.30 1.9 KODAK Hardening Agent, HA-1 0.07 1.8 KODAK Balancing Developing Agent, BD-82 0.065 0.90 KODAK Hardening Agent, HA-2 0.23 0.51 KODAK Balancing Developing Agent, BD-84 0.16 2.1 Hexylene Glycol <0.011 2.2 KODAK Balancing Developing Agent, BD-86 0.14 1.4 ~ KODAK Balancing Developing Agent, BD-89 0.17 2.7 KODAK Hydroquinone 1.1 1.9 KELGlN MV Thickening Agent3 0.12 0.61 KODAK Benzyl Alcohol 1.8 2.4 Magnesium Sulfate (Heptahydrate) 0 0 KODAK Bleach Accelerator <0.01 1.3 KODAK METHELON Developing Agent 0.16 1.4 KODAK Bleaching Agent, BL-1 0.033 0.87 Monosodium Phosphate (Anhydrous) 0 0 KODAK Borax (Decahydrated) 0 0 NATROSOL 250 HR Thickening Agent4 <0.01 1.2 Borax (Pentahydrate) 0 0 KODAK Neutralizing Agent, NA-1 0.038 0.43 Boric Acid (Crystals) 0 0 ~ - Butanedione 0.55 1.6 KODAK Persulfate Bleach Accelerator, PBA-1 0.02 0.37 Phenidone 0.16 2.1 CALGON Complexing Agent' 0 0 KODAK Potassium Alum1 (Dodecahydrated) 0 0 CARBOWAX 1540 Polyethylene Glycolz <0.03 1.7 Potassium Borohydride 0.049 0.43 CARBOWAX 4000 Polyethylene Glycolz <0.02 1.8 KODAK Potassium Bromide (Anhydrous) 0 0 KODAK Citrazinic Acid <0.011 0.65 KODAK Potassium Dichromate (Anhydrous) 0 0 Citric Acid (Monohydrate) 0.39 0.68 KODAK Potassium Ferricyanide (Anhydrous) 0 0.26 KODAK Citric Acid (Anhydrous) 0.43 0.74 Potassium Ferrocyanide (Anhydrous) 0 0.3 ~ Potassium Ferrocyanide (Trihydrate) 0 0.28 KODAK Color Developing Agent, CD-1 0.13 1.7 KODAK Color Developing Agent, CD-2 0.15 1.6 Potassium Ferrocyanide (Hexahydrate) 0 0.25 KODAK Color Developing Agent, CD-3 0.10 0.90 Potassium Iodide (0.1% solution in water) 0 0 KODAK Color Developing Agent, CD-4 0.13 1.3 Potassium Iodide (Anhydrous) 0 0.03 KODAK Color Developing Agent, CD-5 0.08 1.2 KODAK Potassium Persulfate 0 0 KODAK Color Developing Agent, CD-6 0.07 1.7 QUADRAFOS Sodium Tetraphosphates 0 0 KODAK Conditioner Agent, CA-2 0.028 1.4 KODAK Reversal Agent, RA-1 <0.03 0.16 KODAK Reversal Agent, RA-3 <0.01 0.83 KODAK Coupling Agent, C-16 <0.03 1.8 KODAK Reversal Agent, RA-4 <0.01 0.065 KODAK Coupling Agent, M-38 0 0.93 KODAK Coupling Agent, M-40 <0.03 1.0 *Per pound of solution. KODAK Coupling Agent, Y-34 0.03 2.0 t(Ethylenedinitri1o)tetraacetic Acid Disodium Salt. KODAK Coupling Agent, Y-55 0.58 1.0 IT. M. Calgon Inc. 2T. M. Union Carbide 3T. M. Kelco Company 4T. M. Hercules Inc. 5T. M. Rumford Chemical Works 5 Table I (continued) Table II (continued) Pounds Pounds per Pound Per Gallon of Chemical KODAK Chemical of Chemical Working Solution BOOs COD BOD; coo KODAK Silver Halide Solvent, HS-103 0.01 2.1 KODAK Developer DK-50 0.07 0.10 KODAK Silver Halide Solvent, HS-104 0.07 1.7 KODAK Replenisher DK-50R 0.15 0.24 Sodium Acetate (Anhydrous) 0.59 0.73 KODAK Developer DK-6Oa 0.09 0.12 Sodium Bicarbonate (Anhydrous) 0 0 KODAK Developer D-76 0.16 0.21 Sodium Bisulfate 0 0 KODAK Replenisher D-76R 0.19 0.26 KODAK Sodium Bisulfite (Anhydrous) 0.15 0.15 Sodium Bromide 0 0 KODAK Direct Positive Film Developing Outfit KODAK Sodium Carbonate (Monohydrated or First Developer 0.20 0.28 Anhydrous) 0 0 Bleach 0 0 Clearing Bath 0.12 0.12 Sodium Chloride 0 0 Redeveloper 0.08 0.08 Sodium Citrate (Dihydrate) 0.35 0.49 KODAK Dot Etch 0 0 Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate (Monohydrated) 0 0 KODAK DURAFIN Developer Replenisher 0.02 0.36 Sodium Ferricyanide (Anhydrous) 0 0.15 Sodium Ferricyanide (Monohydrate) 0 0.16 KOOAK Fixer 0.46 0.57 Sodium Ferrocyanide (Anhydrous) 0 0.18 KODAK Fixing Bath F-5 0.50 0.64 Sodium Ferrocyanide (Decahydrate) 0 0.11 KODAK HRP Developer 0.13 0.27 Sodium Formaldehyde (Bisulfite) 0.03 0.31 KO DAK HC- 110 D ev e Io p er (Concentrate) 5.0 11.0 KODAK INDUSTREX Developer Replenisher 0.37 0.61 Sodium Formate <0.03 0.24 KODAK INDUSTREX Developer Starter 0.01 0.01 Sodium Hexametaphosphate 0 0 KODAK INDUSTREX Fixer and Replenisher 0.74 0.92 KODAK Sodium Hydroxide (Granular) 0 0 ______~ - Sodium Hypochlorite Solution (5?4%) 0 0 KODAFIX Solution 2.0 2.5 Sodium lsoascorbate 0.27 0.72 KODAGRAPH Developer 0.09 0.14 Sodium Nitrate 0 0 KODAGRAPH Eradicator Kit 0.26 7.7 Sodium Persulfate (Anhydrous) 0 0 KODAGRAPH Eradicator, Solution A 0 0.08 KODAK Sodium Sulfate (Anhydrous) 0 0 KOOAGRAPH Eradicator, Solution B 0 0.72 KODAK Sodium Sulfite (Anhydrous) 0.12 0.12 KODAGRAPH Liquid Developer 1.2 4.0 KODASTAR Activator, Type CP <0.01 1.2 Sodium Thiocyanate 0.02 0.78 KODASTAR Manual Activator 0 <0.01 KODAK Sodium Thiocyanate (Liquid) <0.01 0.22 KODAK Liquid X-ray Developer and Replenisher 0.17 0.25 KODAK Sodium Thiosulfate (Pentahydrated) 0.20 0.25 - KODAK Solubilizing Agent, SA-1 0.02 1.4 KODAK 22 Fixer 0.84 1.9 KODAK Solubilizing Agent, SA-2 0.38 0.60 KODAK 24 Fixer 1.2 2.2 KODAK Sound Track Fixing Agent, FA-1 0.2 0.79 KODAK 33 Stop Bath 0.59 0.76 KODAK 44 Developer 0.44 0.86 KODAK Sulfuric Acid (Reagent) 0 0 KODAK 55 Developer 0.23 0.39 Tetrasodium EDTA (Dihydrate) 0.020 0.55 KODAK 66 Developer 0.28 0.50 KODAK Thiourea 0 0.84 KODASTAR 144 Activator 0 <0.01 Trisodium Phosphate.12H20 0 0 KODASTAR 144 Replenisher 0 0.04
~~ ~~ ~ KODAK 448 Monobath 0.60 0.88 Table II BOD5 and COD Values for KODALITH Developer 0.37 0.55 Black-and-white Film Processing Chemicals KODALITH Fine-Line Developer 0.02 0.03 KODALITH Liquid Developer 0.22 0.82 Pounds KODALITH MP Developer 0.63 1.8 Per Gallon of KODALITH MP Developer Additive 0.02 0.03 KODAK Chemical Working Solution KODALITH MP Developer Replenisher 0.75 2.0 BOO5 COD KODALITH MPII Developer 3.8 11 KODAK Anti-Static Solution 0 <0.01 KODALITH MPII Developer Replenisher 0.68 1.9 KODAK Dental X-ray Developer 0.54 1.2 KODALITH MPII Developer Additive 0.02 0.02 KODAK Dental X-ray Fixer 2.0 2.5 KODALITH MPII Contrast Control Solution 0.61 2.2 KODAK Developer D-8 0.51 0.80 KODALITH RT Developer Replenisher 0.34 0.60 KODAK Developer D-11 0.17 0.23 KODALITH RT Liquid Developer 0.3 0.92 KODAK Developer D-19 0.18 0.24 KODALITH RT Liquid Developer Replenisher 0.11 0.40
6 Table II (continued) Table II (continued) Pounds Pounds Per Gallon of Per Gallon of KODAK Chemical KODAK Chemical Working Solution Working Solution BOD5 COD BOD5 COD KODALITH Super RT Developer 0.40 0.61 KODAK Reversal First Developer Starter KODALITH Super Developer Replenisher 0.40 0.60 (concentrate) 0 0.40 KODAK LINAGRAPH Developer (powder) 0.07 0.11 KODAK Reversal First Developer Starter, KODAK LINAGRAPH Fixer 0.37 0.46 Type PC (concentrate) 2.2 4.0 KODAK MICRODOL-X Developer 0.14 0.16 KODAK Reversal First Developer Replenisher 0.31 0.54 KODAK MICRODOL-X Replenisher 0.15 0.18 KODAK Reversal First Developer Replenisher, ~~ Type PC 1.1 2.2 KODAK Microfilm Bleach and Replenisher 0.35 0.36 KODAK Reversal Redeveloper and Replenisher 0.27 0.45 KODAK Microfilm Clearing Bath and Replenisher 0 0 KODAK Reversal Clearing Bath and Replenisher 0.01 0.01 KODAK Microfilm Developer and Replenisher 1.3 3.5 KODAK Reversal Bleach and Replenisher 0 <0.01 KODAK Microfilm Fixer and Replenisher 0.66 0.82 -~ KODAK RP X-OMAT Developer Replenisher 0.46 1.1 KODAK Ortho Scanner Developer Replenisher 0.42 0.68 KODAK RP X-OMAT Developer Starter 1.1 1.4 KODAK Ortho Scanner Developer Starter 1.4 1.8 KODAK RP X-OMAT Fixer and Replenisher 0.73 0.92 KODAK Photo-Fix 0.59 0.74 KODAK Phototypesetting Developer and KODAK Stop Bath SB-1 0.06 0.09 Rep Ien isher (Liquid) 0.35 0.60 KODAK Stop Bath SB-5a 0.45 0.56 KODAK Indicator Stop Bath (concentrate) 6.1 7.5 KODAK PMT Activator 0.28 0.89 KODAK Type-Set RC Developer and Replenisher 0.25 0.53 KODAK POLYDOL Developer 0.16 0.21 KODAK POLYDOL Replenisher 0.16 0.21 KODAK VERSAFLO Developer Replenisher 0.28 0.42 KODAK Rapid Access Developer and Replenisher 0.20 0.32 KODAK VERSAFLO Developer Starter 2.1 2.6 KODAK Rapid Fixer (Film Dilution) 0.53 0.66 KODAK VERSAMAT Developer Replenisher, Type A 0.08 0.13 KODAK Rapid X-ray Developer 0.20 0.29 KODAK VERSAMAT Developer Starter, Type A 1.6 2.0 RECORDAK DACOMATIC 509 Developer 0.44 0.86 KODAK VERSAMAT Fixer and Replenisher, Type A 0.55 0.70 RECORDAK DACOMATIC 509 Fixer 1.5 1.9 KODAK VERSAMAT Developer Replenisher, Type B 0.17 0.25 RECORDAK DACOMATIC 526 First Developer 0.32 0.57 KODAK VERSAMAT Developer Starter, Type B 1.2 1.6 RECORDAK DACOMATIC 526 Redeveloper 0.18 0.30 KODAK VERSAMAT Liquid Developer KODAK DACOMATIC DN-3 Developer and Replenisher, Type C 0.27 0.93 Replenisher/DR-5 Redeveloper 0.42 1.2 KODAK VERSAMAT Liquid Developer Starter, Type C 0.88 1.1 KODAK DACOMATIC DN-3/DR-5 Fixer and KODAK VERSAMAT 641 Developer Replenisher 0.06 0.14 Replenisher 0.81 1.0 KODAK VERSAMAT 641 Developer Starter 0 0 KODAK DACOMATIC DN-3/DR-5 Clearing Bath KODAK VERSAMAT 641 Fixer and Replenisher 0.37 0.48 (DN-3 dil.) 0.05 0.06 KODAK DACOMATIC DN-3/DR-5 Clearing Bath KODAK VERSAMAT 885 Developer Replenisher 0.21 0.50 KODAK VERSAMAT 885 Developer Starter 0.78 0.96 (DR-5 dil.) 0.29 0.29 KDDAK DACOMATIC DR-5 Bleach and KODAK VERSAMAT 885 Fixer and Replenisher 0.56 0.71 KODAK VERSATONE 868 Developer Replenisher 0.13 0.32 Replenisher
7 Table Ill BOD5 and COD Values for Black-and-white Paper Processing Chemicals Table Ill (continued) Pounds Pounds Per Gallon of Per Gallon of KODAK Chemical KODAK Chemical Working Solution Working Solution BOD5 COD BOD5 COD KODAK DEKTOL Developer 0.18 0.27 KODAK QA50 Activator 0.05 0.06 KODAK Developer 0-72 0.18 0.27 KODAK QA60 Stabilizer (Improved) 0.74 2.9 KODAK Developer D-88 0.28 0.44 KODAK Rapid Fixer (paper dilution) - 0.27 0.33 Developer Starting Solution 0 0 KODAK RECORDAK Monobath 50 0.48 0.68 KODAK Direct Positive Paper Redeveloper 0 0 KODAK ROYALPRINT Activator 0.01 0.01 KODAK Direct Positive Toning Redeveloper 0 <0.01 KODAK ROYALPRINT Fixer 0.68 0.84 KODAK DUOMAT Developer Replenisher 0.06 0.10 KODAK ROYALPRINT Stop Bath 0.07 0.08 KODAK EKTAFLO Developer, Type 1 0.08 0.59 KODAK SELECTOL Developer 0.06 0.08 KODAK EKTAFLO Developer, Type 2 0.04 0.11 KODAK SELECTOL-SOFT Developer 0.04 0.06 KODAK EKTAFLO Fixer 2.0 2.5 KODAK Brown Toner 0 0 KODAK EKTAFLO Stop Bath 0.36 0.46 KODAK Rapid Selenium Toner 1.3 1.5 KODAK Sepia Toner 0 <0.01 KODAK EKTALINE Processing Kit (Liquid) KODAK Print Flattening Solution 0.02 0.03 Develope r 0.49 0.98 KODAK POLY-TONER 0 0 Stop Bath 0.78 0.97 Stabilizer 0.19 0.20 KODAK EKTALINE 200 Developer 0.30 0.90 KODAK EKTALINE 200 Stabilizer, No. 1 Liquid 0.84 1.0 Table IV BOD5 and COD Values for KODAK EKTALINE 200 Stabilizer, No. 2 Liquid 0.60 0.74 Color Film Processing Chemicals KODAK EKTAMATIC A10 Activator 0.05 0.05 Pounds Per Gallon of KDDAK EKTAMATIC S30 Stabilizer 0.18 0.60 KODAK Chemical KODAK EKTAMATIC S40 Stabilizer 0.19 0.67 Working Solution BOD5 COD KODAK FLOMATIC Developer Replenisher 0.04 0.12 _____~~~~~ KODAK FLOMATIC Fixer and Replenisher 0.15 0.19 KODAK Chemicals, Process C-22 KODAK FLOMATIC Stop Bath and Replenisher 0.37 0.43 Liquid Developer 0.12 0.25 Liquid Developer Replenisher 0.13 0.21 KODAK HI-MATIC Developer Replenisher 0.05 0.08 Stop Bath 0.13 0.17 KODAK HI-MATIC Fixer and Replenisher 0.08 0.10 Stop Bath and Replenisher 0.22 0.26 KODAK HI-MATIC Stop Bath and Replenisher 0.06 0.08 Hardener 0.08 0.11 0.11 0.16 KOOAK INDUSTREX Instant Activator 0.05 0.05 Hardener and Replenisher KODAK INDUSTREX Instant Stabilizer 0.19 0.67 Bleach 0 0.07 KODAK Bleach 0.06 0.39 Bleach Starter 0 0.02 KODAK Clearing Bath 0.01 0.01 Bleach Replenisher 0 0.07 0 0.02 KODAK LINAGRAPH 648 Developer 0.15 0.45 Bleach Regenerator 0.80 1.1 KODAK LINAGRAPH 649 Developer 0.15 0.45 Bleach Test Reagent KODAK LINAGRAPH 653 Developer 0 9.9 Color Film Liquid Fixer and Replenisher KODAK LINAGRAPH 1000 Liquid Processing Kit Replenisher: 0.28 0.35 Developer 0.20 0.54 Fixer: 0.19 0.23 Stop Bath 5.0 6.9 KODAK lnternegative Starting Solution 0 0 Stabilizer 0.27 0.34 KODAK lnternegative Replenisher 0.05 0.10
KODAK PERMATEX 573 Kit KODAK Tri-Mask Chemicals Prebath 0.63 0.77 Developer 0.18 0.37 Developer 0.45 1.4 Bleach 0 0.12 Stop Bath 0.94 1.2 Fixer 0.13 0.17 Stabilizer 0.28 1.2 KDDAK PMT Activator 0.28 0.56
8 c Table IV (continued) Table IV (continued) Pounds Pounds Per Gallon of Per Gallon of KODAK Chemical KODAK Chemical Working Solution Working Solution BOD5 COD BODS COD
~ ~~ KOOAK Chemicals, Process E-4 KODAK EA-5 Chemicals Prehardener 0.23 0.33 Prehardener and Replenisher 0.21 0.30 Prehardener and Replenisher 0.21 0.29 Neutralizer and Rep1en is her 0.04 0.11 Neutralizer 0.05 0.11 First Developer -0.11 0.22 Neutralizer and Replenisher 0.05 0.11 First Developer Replenisher 0.12 0.23 First Developer ' 0.13 0.20 Color Developer 0.10 0.28 First Developer Replenisher 0.14 0.22 Color Developer Replenisher 0.11 0.29
~~ ~ ~~~~ Stop Bath 0.21 0.26 First and Second Stop Bath and Replenisher 0.22 0.27 Stop Bath and Replenisher 0.21 0.26 Bleach and Replenisher 0.03 0.33 Color Developer 0.08 0.25 Fixer and Replenisher 0.59 0.79 Color Developer Replenisher 0.09 0.26 Stabilizer and Replenisher (concentrate) 0.02 0.03 Bleach <0.01 0.22 ~ ~ Bleach and Replenisher <0.01 0.23 KODAK Chemicals for Motion Picture EKTACHROME Films ME-4/ECO-3 Prehardener and Replenisher 0.21 0.30 Fixer (powder) 0.28 0.34 ME-4/ECO-3 Neutralizer and Replenisher 0.08 0.16 Fixer and Replenisher (powder) 0.18 0.23 ECO-3 Film-Backing Removal Solution 0 <0.01 Color Film Liquid Fixer and Replenisher Replenisher: 0.28 0.35 ECO-3 First Developer 0.08 0.13 Fixer: 0.17 0.21 ME-4/VNF-l/RVNP First Developer 0.08 0.13 Stabilizer 0.03 0.04 ECO-3 First Developer Replenisher 0.10 0.16 Stabilizer and Replenisher 0.03 0.04 ME-4/VNF-l/RVNP First Developer Replenisher 0.10 0.16 ME-4/ ECO-3 /VNF-l/ RVNP Stop Bath KODAK Chemicals, Process E-6 and Replenisher 0.23 0.28 First Developer 0.13 0.40 First Developer Replenisher 0.13 0.40 ME-4/EC0-3/VNF-l/RVNP Color Developer 0.11 0.28 First Developer Starter <0.01 <0.01 ME-4/EC0-3/VNF-l/RVNP Color Developer Reversal Bath 0 0.02 Replenisher 0.11 0.29 Reversal Bath and Replenisher 0 0.02 ME-4/ECO-3/VNF-l Bleach and Replenisher 0 0.33 ME-4/ECO-3 Fixer and Replenisher 0.22 0.28 Color Developer 0.02 0.13 ~ ~~ Color Developer Replenisher 0.02 0.18 ME-4/ECO-3/VNF-l /RVNP Stabilizer and Color Developer Starter <0.01 <0.01 Replenisher 0.02 0.03 Conditioner 0.02 0.06 Color Film Liquid Fixer and Replenisher 0.27 0.34 Conditioner and Replenisher 0.02 0.06 ME-4/EC0-3/VNF-l/RVNP Liquid Fixer ~~ and Replenisher 0.27 0.34 Bleach 0.08 0.96 ME-.I/VNF-I/RVNP Persulfate Bleach and BI eac h Rep1en ish er 0.08 2.0 Replenisher (MX-1080) 0 0 Bleach Starter <0.01 0.02 ME-4/VNF-l/RVNP Persulfate Accelerator Fixer 0.21 0.27 and Rep I en ishe r (MX- 1080) 0.07 0.20 Fixer and Replenisher 0.21 0.27 KODAK EKTACHROME Movie Chemicals Stabilizer 0.02 0.04 Prehardener Starter 0 0 Stabilizer and Replenisher 0.02 0.04 Prehardener Replenisher A 0.22 0.30 Defoamer 0 1.6 Prehardener Replenisher B 0.05 0.11 Neutralizer and Replenisher 0.24 0.70 KOGAK Chemicais, Process E-GAR First Developer Replenisher 0.12 0.37 First Developer Starter 0.10 0.56 Reversal Bath and Replenisher <0.01 0.02 40 Movie First Developer Replenisher A 0.24 0.26 Color Developer Replenisher 0.02 0.13 40/160 Movie First Developer Replenisher B 0.56 4.4 160 Movie First Developer Replenisher A 0.24 0.26 Conditioner and Replenisher 0.10 0.32 Bleach Replenisher 0.07 1.9 Stop Bath and Replenisher 3.8 4.8 Fixer and Replenisher 0.21 0.27 Color Developer Starter 0 0 Stabilizer and Replenisher 0.01 0.02 Color Developer Replenisher A 0.08 0.74 Color Developer Replenisher B 0.02 0.07
9 Table IV (continued) Table V (continued) ~~~~____~ Pounds Pounds Per Gallon of Per Gallon of KOOAK Chemical KODAK Chemical Working Solution Working Solution BOD5 COD BOOS COO Bleach and Replenisher 0.11 0.16 Bleach-Fix and Replenisher 0.31 0.65 Bleach Neutralizer and Replenisher 1.8 2.4 Bleach-Fix and Replenisher (with starter) 0.31 0.65 Fixer and Replenisher 2.2 2.8 Bleach-Fix Regenerator Starter 0.01 0.38 Stabilizer and Replenisher 0.22 3.4 Bleach-Fix Regenerator - 0.12 0.40 Bleach-Fix Defoamer (concentrate) 0.96 4.0 KODAK ES-8 Chemicals First Developer 0.16 0.42 KODAK EKTAPRINT 3 Chemicals Stop Bath 0.21 0.27 Stabilizer and Replenisher 0.20 0.25 Color Developer, Part <0.01 0.10 A KODAK EKTAPRINT 300 Chemicals Color Developer, Part B <0.01 0.04 Bleach-Fix, Part A 0.33 0.43 Developer 0.25 0.39 Bleach-Fix, Part B 0.06 1.6 KODAK EKTAPRINT R-5 Chemicals Bleach-Fix, Part C 0.06 0.11 First Developer Starter (concentrate) 0 0.16 First Developer Replenisher 0.08 0.20 KOOAK FLEXICOLOR Chemicals for Process 12.41 Stop Bath and Replenisher <0.02 0.17 Developer ~0.01 0.08 Stop Bath and Replenisher 0.14 0.18 Developer Starter (concentrate) 0 0 Color Developer Starter (concentrate) 0.93 1.2 Developer Replenisher 0.01 0.09 Color Developer Rep1en ish er 0.26 0.40 Bleach 0.10 0.73 Bleachfix and Replenisher 0.40 0.90 Bleach Starter (concentrate) 0 0 Bleach-Fix Regenerator 0.40 0.90 Bleach Replenisher 0.14 0.88 Bleach-Fix Defoamer (concentrate) 0.96 4.0 Bleach Regenerator 0.04 0.11 KODAK EKTAPRINT R-100 Chemicals Fixer and Replenisher 0.56 0.76 First Developer Starter 0 0.16 Fixer 0.49 0.60 First Developer Replenisher 0.11 0.30 Stabilizer and Replenisher <0.01 <0.01 Stop Bath and Replenisher 0.14 0.18 Color Developer and Replenisher 0.27 0.40 KODAK FLEXICOLOR Chemicals for Process C-41V Hardener and Replenisher 0.18 0.23 Bleach-Fix and Replenisher 0.40 1.1 Stabilizer and Replenisher 0.02 0.03 Bleach-Fix Regenerator 0.91 2.9 Bleach-Fix Regenerator Starter (concentrate) 0.03 0.87 KOOAK FLEXICOLOR AR Chemicals Stabilizer and Replenisher 0.11 0.16 Developer Replenisher, Part A <0.01 0.02 Developer Replenisher, Part B 0 0.01 Developer Replenisher, Part C <0.01 0.06 Table VI BOD5 and COD Valuesfor Bleach Starter 0 0 KODACHROME Film Processing Chemicals Fixer and Replenisher 0.56 0.70 Stabilizer and Replenisher 0.02 0.04 Pounds Per Gallon of KOOAK Chemical Working Solution Table V BODS and COD Values for BOD5 COD Color Paper Processing; Chemicals KOOAK Replenishers, Process K-14 Pounds Rem-jet Removal Solution <0.01 <0.01 Per Gallon of First Developer 0.12 0.21 KODAK Chemical Working Solution Cyan Developer 0.02 0.24 BOD5 COD Yellow Developer 0.04 0.20 Magenta Develope: 0.01 0.19 KODAK EKTAPRINT 2 Chemicals Developer 0.34 0.64 Ferricyanide Bleach 0 0.39 Developer Starter 0 0 Fixing Bath, Formula No. 1 0.33 0.41 Developer Replenisher 0.40 0.75 Fixing Bath, Formula No. 2 0.60 0.74 Fixing Bath, Formula No. 3 0.35 0.42 Fixing Bath, Formula No. 4 0.32 0.49
10 Table VI1 BOD5 and COD Values for Table Vlll BOD5 and COD Values for Litho Plates Processing Chemicals Miscellaneous Chemicals ~- Pounds Pounds Per Gallon of Per Gallon of KODAK Chemical KODAK Chemical Working Solution Working Solution BODS COD BODS COD KODAK POLYMATIC S, M, W, and L litho Plates Miscellaneous KODAK Chemicals POLYMATIC Negative Developer 7.6 14 Developer System Cleaner 0 0 (Hand) 38.1 68.2 Liquid Developer System Cleaner -0 0 POLYMATIC Plate Finisher 0 0 Fixer/Wash System Cleaner 0 0.02 POLYMATIC Tusche 0 0 POLYMATIC Negative Deletion Fluid Kit, Farmer’s Reducer 0.04 0.08 Part A 0 0 Hypo Clearing Agent <0.01 <0.01 Part B 0 0 PHOTO-FLO 200 Solution 1.9 3.7 PHOTO-FLO 600 Solution 3.3 9.3 KODAK POLYMATIC P Litho Plate PHOTO-FLO 2100 Solution 0 17.7 POLYMATIC Positive Developer (Hand) 2.9 7.8 POLYMATIC Positive Developer (Machine) 1.8 7.4 RECORDAK Developer System Cleaner 00 POLYMATIC Plate Finisher 0 0 RECORDAK Monobath System Cleaner 0 1.0 Stabilizer Additive <0.04 8.0 KODAK PMT@litho Plates PMT Activator 0.28 0.54 PMT Paper Plate Fixer 0.04 0.04 PMT Metal Plate Gum 1.8 2.2
~ Sundries and Press Chemicals KODAK Clean Print Fountain Solution 0 0 KODAK POLYMATIC Plate Cleaner 0.23 0.8 KODAK POLYMATIC Holding Gum 0.74 1.8 KODAK POLYMATIC Plate Preserver 0.68 4.0 KODAK POLYMATIC Plate Wash 1.1 3.2 KODAK Asphaltum Gum 1.6 4.1 5-48, Glossary of Terms/lndex KODAK INFORMATION FOR A Lists and defines chemical, photographic, and water: CLEANER ENVIRONMENT pollution terms as they are used in this “Information for a Cleaner Environment” literature series. Page numbers are * ,PUBLICATIONS included to the particular publications in this series in NOTE: When ordering publications from Kodak, be sure to which the terms are used so that the reader can find a more include both the title and the code number of the publica- extensive discussion of the terms. 10/$5.40 tion. 5-51, Silver in Photoprocessing Effluents Complimentary single copies of the following Kodak pub- Demonstrates that silver in photographic-processing efflu- lications can be obtained by writing to Eastman Kodak ents is compatible with wastewater treatment and does not Company, Department 41 2-L, Rochester, 14650. N.Y. present a risk for receiving water. 10/$5.40 Prices given are for quantities of 10. Amounts of 10 or more should be ordered from Department 454. Prices are sub- 5-52, Disposal of Small Volumes of Photographic- ject to change without notice. Processing Solutions 5-8, The Kodak Silver Recovery Program Defines “small volumes” and describes simple treatment The details of Kodak’s silver recovery and refining services and disposal methods for used processing solutions so that for users of the KODAK Chemical Recovery Cartridges are local effluent regulations are met. 10/$5.40 described. 101’$5.40 The following priced Kodak publications can be obtained 5-9, Silver Recovery with the KODAK Chemical through photo dealers, or by sending a prepaid order (in- Recovery Cartridge, Type P cluding state and local taxes) to Eastman Kodak Company, The three 3%- to 5-gallon KODAK Chemical Recovery Department 454, Rochester, N.Y. 14650. Prices given are Cartridges are described and recommended operating for single copies and are subject to change without notice. conditions are listed. 10/$9.00 5-10, Recovering Silver from Photographic Materials J-gA, Silver Recovery with the KODAK Chemical Discusses various methods of recovering silver from waste Recovery Cartridge, Type 3 sensitized goods and used processing solutions. List price A description of this model cartridge intended for large is $4.00. scale processing operations is described in this publica- 5-49, American National Standard on Photographic tion. 10/$5.40 Processing Effluents, PH4.37-1975 5-lOA, Potential Silver Yield from KODAK Photographic Contains quantitative analytical procedures published by Products the American National Standards Institute. As many pro- A listing of potentially recoverable silver from various cedures as possible are included so that this standard will KODAK Film and Paper Products. Figures are included for be useful in a wide range of situations. List price is $2.00. both silver recovered during processing and silver from 5-50, Sampling and Flow-Measurement Methods scrap film. 10/$9.00 This publication will assist photolabs in knowing how to 5-IOB, Directory of Silver Services obtain proper and representative samples of effluents when Contains the names and locations of over 200 firms asked for by local or federal agencies and testing labora- throughout the United States and Canada that supply tories. List price is 52.50. silver recovery services. No charge for copies. 5-43, A Simple Waste-Treatment System for Small 5-53, The Use of Water in Photographic Processing Volumes of Photographic Processing Wastes Discusses the theory of photographic washing, explains Intended for photographic-processing operations that dis- ways of improving the efficiency of washing, as well as charge less than 100 gallons of processing wastes per day. other water conservation techniques. List price is $1 .OO. lO,’$5.40 5-54, Analysis, Treatment, and Disposal of Ferricyanide 5-44, In Support of Clean Water-Disposing of in Photographic Effluents-A Compendium Effluents from Film Processing A comprehensive collection of definitive articles on the Evaluates photographic-chemical effluents in terms of characterization, determination, regeneration, and treat- sewer codes and stream standards. Methods are sug- ment of photographic processing waste effluents with par- gested for reducing the discharge of wastes. 10/$5.40 ticular emphasis on ferricyanide bleach and ferrocyanide. 5-46, The Biological Treatment of Photographic List price is $5.75. Processing Effluents 0 The following publications are available from the Outlines experimental work done on the biological treat- National Association of Photographic Manufacturers, 600 ment of photographic-processing effluents, and describes Mamaroneck Avenue, Harrison, N.Y. 10528. Single copies . - the installation and use of equipment for treating effluents are free to NAPM members; nonmembers’ price is $25.00 biologically. Also discusses steps finishers can take to each. meet specifications for effluents more amenable to sec- Environmental Effect of Photoprocessing Chemicals, ondary biological treatment. 10/$5.40 Volume I 5-47, Chemical Composition of Photographic Processing Solutions Environmental Effect of Photoprocessing Chemicals, Provides concentrations of compounds or ions in various Volume II types of processing solutions, Solution pH ranges are also Pathways of Photoprocessing Chemicals in Publicly given. 10/$5.40 Owned Treatment Works
Consumer/ProfessionaI & Finishing Markets EASTMAN KODAK COMPANY Rochester, N.Y. 14650 BOD5 and COD 2-81-FMajor Revision Kodak Publication No. 5-41 Printed in the United States of America