Class 562 Organic Compounds -- Part of the Class 532-570 Series 562 - 1

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Class 562 Organic Compounds -- Part of the Class 532-570 Series 562 - 1 CLASS 562 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES 562 - 1 562 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES MOC NOTES 8 .Phosphorus acids or salts This Class 562 is... This Class 562 is considered to be an thereof (i.e., compounds integral part of Class 260 (see the Class having -XH, wherein X is 260 schedule for the position of this chalcogen, attached directly Class in schedule hierarchy). This Class to phosphorus by nonionic retains all pertinent definitions and bonding and wherein the class lines of Class 260. hydrogen may be replaced by a This Class 562 is... substituted or unsubstituted ammonium or by a group IA or IIA light metal) 9 ..Sulfur attached directly to the ORGANIC COMPOUNDS (CLASS 532, phosphorus by nonionic bonding SUBCLASS 1) 10 ..Nitrogen attached directly to 1 .Persulphonic acids or salts the phosphorus by nonionic thereof (i.e., compounds bonding having the -S(=O)(=O) O-OH group, wherein the hydrogen 11 ..Nitrogen attached indirectly to may be replaced by a group IA the phosphorus by nonionic or IIA light metal, or by bonding substituted or unsubstituted 12 ...Plural phosphori attached ammonium) indirectly to each other by 2 .Percarboxylic acids or salts nonionic bonding thereof (i.e., compounds 13 ....Plural phosphori bonded having the -C(=O)-O OH group, directly to the same carbon wherein the hydrogen may be 14 ....Additional nitrogen attached replaced by a group IA or IIA indirectly to the phosphorus light metal, or by substituted by nonionic bonding or unsubstituted ammonium) 15 ...The nitrogen is bonded 3 ..With preservative or stabilizer directly to -C(=X)-, wherein X 4 ..Formation of the -C(=O)-O-OH is chalcogen group, or of a salt thereof 16 ...The nitrogen and the (e.g., from acid halides or phosphorus are bonded directly anhydrides, neutralization; to the same carbon etc) 17 ....The nitrogen is bonded to an 5 ...Aldehyde or percarboxylic acid additional acyclic carbon or ester reactant acyclic carbon chain, to which 6 ...Carboxylic acid or carboxylic a -C(=X)X- group is bonded acid salt reactant directly, wherein the X's are 7 .Boron acids or salts thereof the same or diverse chalcogen (i.e., compounds having -XH, 18 .....Preparing from a compound wherein X is chalcogen, having a nitrogen containing attached directly to boron by hetero ring nonionic bonding and wherein 19 ..The phosphorus is in a ring the hydrogen may be replaced 20 ..Plural phosphori attached by a group IA or IIA light indirectly to each other by metal, or by substituted or nonionic bonding unsubstituted ammonium) 21 ...Plural phosphori bonded directly to the same carbon 22 ....Processes 23 ..Chalcogen attached indirectly to the phosphorus by nonionic bonding 24 ...The chalcogen is in a -C(=X)- group February 2007 562 - 2 CLASS 562 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES 25 ..Halogen attached indirectly to 36 ..Chalcogen or -C(=X)-, wherein X the phosphorus by nonionic is chalcogen, attached bonding directly to the sulfonate 26 .Thiocarboxylic acids or salts sulfur by nonionic bonding thereof (i.e., compounds 37 ..Nitrogen attached directly to having the group -C(=X)XH, the sulfonate sulfur by wherein the X's are the same nonionic bonding (e.g., or diverse chalcogens and at sulfamic acids, etc.) least one X is sulfur, and 38 ...Processes utilizing an hydrogen may be replaced by a inorganic sulfamic acid, or a group IA or IIA light metal, salt thereof or by substituted or 39 ...Processes of forming the -NH- unsubstituted ammonium) S(=O)(O=)-O- group, wherein 27 ..Nitrogen bonded directly to the substitution may be made for carbon of the -C(=X)XH group hydrogen only or of its salt (e.g., 40 ...Additional salts having dithiocarbamic acids, etc.) organic nitrogen containing 28 ...Processes utilizing carbon cation disulfide 41 ..Benzene ring attached 29 .Thiosulfonic acids or salts indirectly to the sulfonate thereof (i.e., compounds group by acyclic nonionic containing the thiosulfonate bonding group, -S(=O)(=O)-S-, wherein 42 ...Noncarbon atom in acyclic the divalent sulfur is bonded chain between the benzene ring directly to hydrogen, or to a and the sulfonate sulfur group IA or IIA light metal or 43 ....Nitrogen in the acyclic chain to substituted or 44 .....Chalcogen or -C(=X)-, unsubstituted ammonium) wherein X is chalcogen, in the 30 .Sulfonic acids or salts thereof chain (i.e., compounds containing 45 ..Benzene ring bonded directly to the sulfonate group, - the sulfonate sulfur (e.g., S(=O)(=O)-O- wherein the purification and single bonded oxygen is bonded neutralization of benzene directly to hydrogen, or to a sulfonic acids, etc.) group IA or IIA light metal or 46 ...Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is to substituted or chalcogen, attached indirectly unsubstituted ammonium) to the sulfonate group by 31 ..Hydrophenanthrene ring system nonionic bonding (e.g., containing aldehydes, etc.) 32 ..Processes of sulfonating 47 ....Chalcogen or nitrogen bonded lignites, leonardites, coal, directly to the -C(=X)- group humic acids, bark or pitch, 48 .....Benzene ring bonded directly and the reaction products to each nitrogen of a -NH- thereof C(=X)-NH-group, wherein X is 33 ..Petroleum sulfonic acids chalcogen and substitution may 34 ...Addition salts having organic be made for hydrogen only nitrogen containing cation 49 ......At least one of the benzene 35 ..Boron or phosphorus attached rings is part of a naphthalene indirectly to the sulfonate ring system group by nonionic bonding 50 ......Plural naphthalene ring (e.g., phosphonium salts, systems attached indirectly to etc.) the -NHC(=X)NH- group by nonionic bonding 51 .....Stilbene containing February 2007 CLASS 562 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES 562 - 3 52 .....Plural -C(=X)- groups 71 ......Additional sulfonate group attached indirectly to the bonded directly to the sulfonate group by nonionic polycyclo ring system (e.g., H bonding acid, etc.) 53 ......Plural carbons bonded 72 .....Halogen, plural nitrogens, directly to -C(=X)- or additional sulfonate group 54 ......Plural -C(=X)- groups bonded directly to the bonded directly to the same polycyclo ring system benzene ring 73 ....Nitro or halogen bonded 55 .....Acyclic carbon bonded directly to a benzene ring directly to the -C(=X)- group 74 ...Nonsulfonate chalcogen 56 .....The -C(=X)- is part of a - attached indirectly to the C(=X)X- group, wherein the X's sulfonate group by nonionic may be the same or diverse bonding chalcogens 75 ....Two benzene rings bonded to 57 ......Nitrogen attached the nonsulfonate chalcogen indirectly to the sulfonate (e.g., phenoxyphenyl group by nonionic bonding compounds, etc.) 58 ...Nitrogen attached indirectly 76 ....Plural carbons bonded to the sulfonate group by directly to the nonsulfonate nonionic bonding chalcogen (e.g., ethers, 59 ....Plural benzene rings bonded sulfones, etc.) directly to each other or to 77 .....Hydroxy group or the same acyclic carbon nonsulfonate sulfur attached 60 ....Stilbene containing indirectly to a benzene ring 61 ....Plural benzene rings bonded by acyclic nonionic bonding directly to the same nitrogen 78 ....Halogen attached indirectly 62 .....Plural nitrogens each bonded to the sulfonate group by to two benzene rings (e.g., nonionic bonding phenylaminophenylaminophenyl 79 ....The sulfonate group and compounds, etc.) oxygen are bonded directly to 63 .....At least one of the benene the same polycyclo ring system rings is part of a naphthalene which consists of benzene ring system rings 64 .....Oxygen bonded directly to a 80 .....Additional sulfonate group benzene ring bonded directly to the 65 ....Sulfonyl bonded directly to polycyclo ring system the nitrogen 81 ....Plural oxygens bonded 66 ....The nitrogen is attached directly to the same benzene indirectly to a benzene ring ring by acyclic nonionic bonding 82 ....The sulfonate group, oxygen, 67 .....Additional nitrogen attached and alkyl of at least 4 indirectly to the sulfonate carbons are bonded directly to group by nonionic bonding the same benzene ring 68 ....Polycyclo ring system 83 ...Halogen attached indirectly to consisting of benzene rings the sulfonate group by bonded directly to the nonionic bonding sulfonate group 84 ...Addition salts having organic 69 .....Nitro or nitroso bonded nitrogen containing cation directly to the polycyclo ring 85 ....Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is system chalcogen, in the cation 70 .....Oxygen bonded directly to 86 ....Nitrogen double bonded to the polycyclo ring system carbon in the cation (e.g., (e.g., aminonaphthol sulfonic guanidinium salts, etc.) acid, etc.) 87 ...Acyclic carbon to carbon unsaturation containing February 2007 562 - 4 CLASS 562 ORGANIC COMPOUNDS -- PART OF THE CLASS 532-570 SERIES 88 ...Plural benzene rings bonded 105 ...Having -C(=X)-, wherein X is directly to each other, or to chalcogen, attached indirectly the same acyclic carbon or to the sulfonate group by acyclic carbon chain acyclic nonionic bonding 89 ...Polycyclo ring system 106 ....Plural nitrogens or plural - consisting of benzene rings C(=X)- groups, wherein X is bonded directly to the chalcogen, attached indirectly sulfonate group to the sulfonate group by 90 ....Processes of sulfonating acyclic nonionic bonding naphthalene per se or alkyl 107 ...Chalcogen attached indirectly substituted naphthalene to the sulfonate group by 91 ...Sulfonate group and alkyl acyclic nonionic bonding group of at least four carbons 108 ..Chalcogen attached indirectly bonded directly to the same to the sulfonate group by benzene ring acyclic nonionic bonding
Recommended publications
  • SULFUR TRIOXIDE -- Chemical Fact Sheet
    OLEUM/SULFUR TRIOXIDE -- Chemical Fact Sheet 1 What is it? Oleum is a cloudy, gray, fuming, oily, corrosive liquid with a sharp, penetrating odor. When Oleum comes into contact with air following a spill, it releases Sulfur Trioxide. Sulfur Trioxide is a white gas having the appearance of fog. It also has a sharp, penetrating odor that is detectable at low concentrations. Because of the tendency to liberate Sulfur Trioxide on contact with air, Oleum is also known as “fuming Sulfuric Acid”. Where does it Oleum is made by dissolving Sulfur Trioxide into Sulfuric Acid. Sulfur come from? Trioxide is made from Sulfur Dioxide in the presence of a catalyst. What are the It is used in the oil refining process to make crude oil distillates into higher quality materials. common uses for it? Manufacture of soap Manufacture of high purity Sulfuric Acid for the electronic industry Manufacture of catalyst used in production of Sulfuric Acid. How is it Oleum is shipped by truck and pipeline. transported in CCC? How is it stored Oleum is stored in covered tanks. in CCC? Health Hazards from Exposure Exposure Route Symptoms First Aid Inhalation Irritates nose, throat and Remove to fresh air. Seek (low concentrations) lungs medical attention if Burning Sensation symptoms persist. Sneezing, coughing Inhalation Burning sensation Remove to fresh air, get (high concentrations & prolonged exposure) Coughing, gagging medical attention including Chest tightness and pain, oxygen administration. Fluid in lungs Initiate CPR if breathing has Suffocation, death stopped. Eyes Severely irritates eyes Rinse eyes with water for at Burning/discomfort least 5 minutes.
    [Show full text]
  • Source Test Method ST-20 SULFUR DIOXIDE, SULFUR TRIOXIDE
    Source Test Method ST-20 SULFUR DIOXIDE, SULFUR TRIOXIDE, SULFURIC ACID MIST (Adopted January 20, 1982) REF: Regulations 6-320, 6-330, 9-1-302, 9-1-304 thru 310, 10-1-301, 12-6-301 1. APPLICABILITY 1.1 This method is used to quantify emissions of s ulfur dioxide, sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid mist. It determines compliance with Regulations 6-320 and 6-330 for SULFUR TRIOXIDE and SULFURIC ACID MIST, and 9-1-302, 9- 1-304 thru 310 and 10-1-301 and 12-6-301 for SULFUR DIOXIDE. 1.2 This method, modified with a glass fiber disc filter as the back-up SO 3 filter, has been given alternate status by the EPA to EPA Method 8. It may be used to determine compliance with oxides of sulfur regulations under Regulation 9. 2. PRINCIPLE 2.1 Sulfuric acid mist, sulfur trioxide and sulfur dioxide are collected in a single extractive sampling train. Acid mist is trapped in a quartz wool plug in the sample probe and is subsequently analyzed with an acid-base titration. Sulfur trioxide is absorbed in an 80% isopropyl alcohol (IPA)/water solution with a quartz wool back-up filter and is analyzed using analytical procedure Lab-12. Sulfur dioxide is absorbed in an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution and is analyzed using analytical procedure Lab-12. 3. RANGE 3.1 The minimum measurable concentration using this method listed below are: 3 3.1.1 Acid mist - 0.0002 gr/ft as H2SO4 3.1.2 Sulfur trioxide - 7 ppm 3.1.3 Sulfur dioxide - 7 ppm 3.2 The maximum measurable concentrations using this method listed below are: 3.2.1 Acid mist - undetermined 3.2.2 Sulfur trioxide - 350 ppm 3.2.3 Sulfur dioxide - 2.5 % 4.
    [Show full text]
  • (VI) and Chromium (V) Oxide Fluorides
    Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 1976 The chemistry of chromium (VI) and chromium (V) oxide fluorides Patrick Jay Green Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Chemistry Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Green, Patrick Jay, "The chemistry of chromium (VI) and chromium (V) oxide fluorides" (1976). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 4039. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.5923 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. All ABSTRACT OF THE TllESIS OF Patrick Jay Green for the Master of Science in Chemistry presented April 16, 1976. Title: Chemistry of Chromium(VI) and Chromium(V) Oxide Fluorides. APPROVEO BY MEMBERS OF THE THESIS CO'"o\l TIEE: y . • Ii . ' I : • • • • • New preparative routes to chromyl fluoride were sought. It was found that chlorine ironofluoride reacts with chromium trioxide and chromyl chlo­ ride to produce chromyl fluoride. Attempts were ~ade to define a mechan­ ism for the reaction of ClF and Cr0 in light of by-products observed 3 and previous investigations. Carbonyl fluoride and chromium trioxide react to fom chro·yl fluoride and carbo:i dioxide. A mechanism was also proposed for this react10n. Chromium trioxide 11itl\ l~F6 or WF5 reacts to produce chromyl fluoride and the respective oxide tetrafluoride. 2 Sulfur hexafluoride did not react with Cr03.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 the Volumetric Determination of Hydroxylamine
    VOLUMETRIC DETERMINATION OF HYDROXYLAMINE. I363 [CONTRIBUTION FROM THE CHEMICAL LABORATORYOF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA.1 THE VOLUMETRIC DETERMINATION OF HYDROXYLAMINE. BY WILLIAMC. BRAY,MIBUM E. SIMPSONAND ANNA A. MACKENZIE. Received July 17, 1919 In the present investigation 3 volumetric methods of determining hydroxylamine in aqueous solution have been studied : The titanous salt method,' in which the hydroxylamine is reduced by excess titanous salt in acid solution with exclusion of air, and the excess titrated with permanganate. 2NH20H + Ti2(S04)3 = (NH4)2S04 + 4TiOS04 + HzS04. (I) The ferric salt method,2 in which the hydroxylamine is oxidized in an acid solution by excess of a ferric salt, the mixture is boiled and the fer- rous salt formed titrated with permanganate. 2NH20H + 2Fe@04)3 = N2O + 4FeS04 + 2H2S04 + H20. (2) The iodine method,3 in which the hydroxylamine is oxidized by iodine in a neutral solution, e. g., in the presence of disodium phosphate. 2NH20H + 212 = N2O + 4HI + H2O (3) or 2NH20H + 213- = N20 + 61- + 4H+ + HzO. Our first experiments, with the iodine method, yielded irregular results which could not be interpreted until the concentration of the hydroxyl- amine solution was accurately determined. An examination of the literature showed a rather unsatisfactory state of affairs. The advocates of the ferric sulfate method furnish evidence that it is perfectly reliable, but Leuba4 gives detailed experimental data to prove the contrary, and Adams5 states that he could not obtain reproducible results with it. The investigators who have used the iodine method consider it to be fairly satisfactory, but some of them state that it is not very accurate, and Rupp and Maeder6 have recently concluded that correct results are obtained only by a compensation of errors.
    [Show full text]
  • A Fundamental Evaluation of the Atmospheric Pre-Leaching Section of the Nickel-Copper Matte Treatment Process
    A FUNDAMENTAL EVALUATION OF THE ATMOSPHERIC PRE-LEACHING SECTION OF THE NICKEL-COPPER MATTE TREATMENT PROCESS by RODRICK MULENGA LAMYA Dissertation presented for the Degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY (Extractive Metallurgical Engineering) in the Department of Process Engineering at the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa Promoter Prof. L. Lorenzen STELLENBOSCH March 2007 DECLARATION I the undersigned, hereby declare that the work contained in this dissertation is my own original work and that I have not previously in its entirety or in part submitted it at any university for a degree. Signature: ............................................... Date: ....................................................... Copyright © 2007 Stellenbosch University All rights reserved i SYNOPSIS Nickel-Copper sulphide ores are the most important Platinum Group Metal bearing ores. The South African deposits are exceptionally rich in the platinum group metals (PGMs) and production of the PGMs is the primary purpose of treating these ores. The methods used in the recovery of the PGMs from the nickel-copper ores generally consists of ore concentration by physical techniques, pyrometallurgical concentration and hydrometallurgical extraction of the base metals followed by the PGMs. Pyrometallurgical concentration produces Ni-Cu matte, which is treated by hydrometallurgical processes to recover the nickel, copper, cobalt and the precious metals. In this study, the leaching behaviour of a Ni–Cu matte in CuSO4–H2SO4 solution during the repulping (pre-leach) stage at Impala Platinum Refineries was studied. The repulping stage is basically a non–oxidative atmospheric leach stage, in which nickel, iron and cobalt are partially dissolved, while the copper is precipitated. To understand the nature of the leaching process during this stage of the base metal refining operation, the effects of variations in the key process variables such as temperature, stirring rate, particle size, pulp density, residence time, initial copper and acid concentrations were investigated.
    [Show full text]
  • Free-Radical Chain Reactions of Organic Mercury and Tin Compounds Hasan I
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1984 Free-radical chain reactions of organic mercury and tin compounds Hasan I. Tashtoush Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Organic Chemistry Commons Recommended Citation Tashtoush, Hasan I., "Free-radical chain reactions of organic mercury and tin compounds " (1984). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 7733. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/7733 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This reproduction was made from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this document, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help clarify markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark, it is an indication of either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, duplicate copy, or copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed.
    [Show full text]
  • THE CHEMISTRY of SULFENIMIDES by Barbara Ann Orwig a Thesis
    THE CHEMISTRY OF SULFENIMIDES by Barbara Ann Orwig A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science Department of Chemistry McGill University Montreal, P.Q. Canada May 1971 @) Barbara Ann Orwig 1972 Dedicated to My Parents Il Thanx Il i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 3l MY thanks to Dr. D.F.R. Gilson for the p nmr spectra, to Victor Yu for the A-60 nmr spectra, and to Peter Currie for the mass spectra. For helpful discussions and worthwhile suggestions l thank David Ash 1 Errol Chang 1 and John Gleason. For his guidance and help as my research director l thank Dr. David N. Harpp. And to Elva and Hermann Heyge go special thanks for their help and for "putting up wi th œil. TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS i INTRODUcrION 1 EXPERIMENTAL SECTION 22 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 42 TABLES 1 Preparation of Sulfenyl Chlorides 72 2 Preparation of N-(alkyl/aryl thio)phthalimides 73 3 Desulfurization Reactions of N-(alkyl/aryl thio)phthalimides 76 4 Mass Spectra of N-(alkyl/aryl thio)phthalimides 77 FIGURES (Spectra) 78 - 87 BIBLIOGRAPHY 88 INTRODUcrION AND BACKGROUND Sulfenic acids Cl), in which sulfur exists in its R-S-OH l lcwest oxidation state, are highly lmstable compolmds and only a few l have been isolated. The derivatives of sulfenic acid {~.> however, are generally isolable and usually stable. 2 R-S-Y 2 When Y is -NH ' -~HR, or -NR ' the resulting class of compolmds is 2 2 ter.med sulfenamides.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Patent (19) 11) 4,128,586 Ratcliffe 45) Dec
    United States Patent (19) 11) 4,128,586 Ratcliffe 45) Dec. 5, 1978 (54) CATALYTICREDUCTION OF AROMATIC 2,792,422 5/1957 Harris et al...................... 260/609 D SULFONYL HALDES WITH HYDROGEN 2,820,780 1/1958 Gutcho et al. ....................... 260/12 SULFDE TO YELD AROMATIC THOLS 2,986,581 5/1961 Levy et al. ........................... 260/608 3,994,980 1 1/1976 Kubicek .......................... 260/609 D. (75) Inventor: Charles T. Ratcliffe, Morristown, N.J. FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS (73) Assignee: Allied Chemical Corporation, Morris 461101 4/1975 U.S.S.R.............................. 260/609 D Township, Morris County, N.J. Primary Examiner-Lewis Gotts Appl. No.: 881,952 Assistant Examiner-Molly C. Eakin 21 Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Horst M. Kasper 22) Filed: Feb. 27, 1978 (57) ABSTRACT 51 Int. Cl’............................................ CO7C 149/28 52) U.S. C. ................. 260/609 D; 260/302 S; A process for reducing aromatic sulfonyl halides with 260/302 F, 260/308 R; 260/608; 544/315; hydrogen sulfide. Hydrogen sulfide is contacted with 544/408; 548/337; 548/346; 546/290; 546/179; sulfonyl halides preferably in the presence of a solvent 54.6/139 and of a catalyst. The reaction forms thiols and pro 58) Field of Search ............. 260/609 D, 608, 294.8 R ceeds in the range of between about 50' and 300' C. There is little formation of disulfide and no cleavage of 56) References Cited the thiol group. U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS 2,402,641 6/1946 Lazler et al. ......................... 260/609 20 Claims, No Drawings 4,128,586 1.
    [Show full text]
  • APPENDIX G Acid Dissociation Constants
    harxxxxx_App-G.qxd 3/8/10 1:34 PM Page AP11 APPENDIX G Acid Dissociation Constants §␮ ϭ 0.1 M 0 ؍ (Ionic strength (␮ † ‡ † Name Structure* pKa Ka pKa ϫ Ϫ5 Acetic acid CH3CO2H 4.756 1.75 10 4.56 (ethanoic acid) N ϩ H3 ϫ Ϫ3 Alanine CHCH3 2.344 (CO2H) 4.53 10 2.33 ϫ Ϫ10 9.868 (NH3) 1.36 10 9.71 CO2H ϩ Ϫ5 Aminobenzene NH3 4.601 2.51 ϫ 10 4.64 (aniline) ϪO SNϩ Ϫ4 4-Aminobenzenesulfonic acid 3 H3 3.232 5.86 ϫ 10 3.01 (sulfanilic acid) ϩ NH3 ϫ Ϫ3 2-Aminobenzoic acid 2.08 (CO2H) 8.3 10 2.01 ϫ Ϫ5 (anthranilic acid) 4.96 (NH3) 1.10 10 4.78 CO2H ϩ 2-Aminoethanethiol HSCH2CH2NH3 —— 8.21 (SH) (2-mercaptoethylamine) —— 10.73 (NH3) ϩ ϫ Ϫ10 2-Aminoethanol HOCH2CH2NH3 9.498 3.18 10 9.52 (ethanolamine) O H ϫ Ϫ5 4.70 (NH3) (20°) 2.0 10 4.74 2-Aminophenol Ϫ 9.97 (OH) (20°) 1.05 ϫ 10 10 9.87 ϩ NH3 ϩ ϫ Ϫ10 Ammonia NH4 9.245 5.69 10 9.26 N ϩ H3 N ϩ H2 ϫ Ϫ2 1.823 (CO2H) 1.50 10 2.03 CHCH CH CH NHC ϫ Ϫ9 Arginine 2 2 2 8.991 (NH3) 1.02 10 9.00 NH —— (NH2) —— (12.1) CO2H 2 O Ϫ 2.24 5.8 ϫ 10 3 2.15 Ϫ Arsenic acid HO As OH 6.96 1.10 ϫ 10 7 6.65 Ϫ (hydrogen arsenate) (11.50) 3.2 ϫ 10 12 (11.18) OH ϫ Ϫ10 Arsenious acid As(OH)3 9.29 5.1 10 9.14 (hydrogen arsenite) N ϩ O H3 Asparagine CHCH2CNH2 —— —— 2.16 (CO2H) —— —— 8.73 (NH3) CO2H *Each acid is written in its protonated form.
    [Show full text]
  • Chip Incompatibility Filters
    ChIP Incompatibility Filters Filter Name Type Description includes carboxylic acid halides and >1 acyl halide and related SMARTS derivatives like chloroformates, carbamoyl- , imidoyl halides, etc. >1 aldehyde SMARTS R no heteroatom no isocyanate, ketene, etc. >1 alkyl bromide / iodide SMARTS no acyl halide or related or vinyl halide >1 amine aromatic primary SMARTS aromatic carbon bound to N, N not charged >1 amines (aromatic/aliphatic, primary no amide, enamine, etc., no heteroatom SMARTS or secondary) bound to N, N not charged no amide, enamine, etc, no heteroatom >1 amines nucleophilic (aliphatic SMARTS bound to N, no aromatic carbon bound to primary or secondary) N, N not charged >1 aryl bromide / iodide SMARTS any aryl bromide / iodide >1 aryl halide SMARTS any aryl halide any boronic acid derivative, aromatic or >1 boronic acid derivative SMARTS aliphatic >1 carbonyl acid SMARTS any carboxylic or carbamic acid, etc. >1 carboxylic acid anhydrides SMARTS carbon must be bound to carbonyl no heteroatom bound to carbonyl or >1 carboxylic acid ester SMARTS oxygen, no acid, no anydride, etc >1 isocyanate / isothiocyanate SMARTS no restrictions to nitrogen substituents R no heteroatom, no isocyanate, ketene, >1 ketone or aldehyde SMARTS etc. >1 NH any SMARTS R can be anything >1 thioamide and related (any) SMARTS any substitution >1 thiol and related (nucleophic) SMARTS any SH or negative S >2 NH any SMARTS R can be anything acidic compounds I combination sulfonyl acids and carboxylic acids anhydrides, bicarbonates, thio and imino acyl anhydrides and derivatives SMARTS derivatives, etc. includes carboxylic acid halides and acyl halide and related SMARTS derivatives like chloroformates, carbamoyl- , imidoyl halides, etc.
    [Show full text]
  • "Fluorine Compounds, Organic," In: Ullmann's Encyclopedia Of
    Article No : a11_349 Fluorine Compounds, Organic GU¨ NTER SIEGEMUND, Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany WERNER SCHWERTFEGER, Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft, Frankfurt, Federal Republic of Germany ANDREW FEIRING, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware, United States BRUCE SMART, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware, United States FRED BEHR, Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States HERWARD VOGEL, Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, St. Paul, Minnesota, United States BLAINE MCKUSICK, E. I. DuPont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware, United States 1. Introduction....................... 444 8. Fluorinated Carboxylic Acids and 2. Production Processes ................ 445 Fluorinated Alkanesulfonic Acids ...... 470 2.1. Substitution of Hydrogen............. 445 8.1. Fluorinated Carboxylic Acids ......... 470 2.2. Halogen – Fluorine Exchange ......... 446 8.1.1. Fluorinated Acetic Acids .............. 470 2.3. Synthesis from Fluorinated Synthons ... 447 8.1.2. Long-Chain Perfluorocarboxylic Acids .... 470 2.4. Addition of Hydrogen Fluoride to 8.1.3. Fluorinated Dicarboxylic Acids ......... 472 Unsaturated Bonds ................. 447 8.1.4. Tetrafluoroethylene – Perfluorovinyl Ether 2.5. Miscellaneous Methods .............. 447 Copolymers with Carboxylic Acid Groups . 472 2.6. Purification and Analysis ............. 447 8.2. Fluorinated Alkanesulfonic Acids ...... 472 3. Fluorinated Alkanes................. 448 8.2.1. Perfluoroalkanesulfonic Acids
    [Show full text]
  • The Use of Chlorosulfonic Acid in the Identification Of' Halogen Substitute):) Aromatic Compounds
    THE USE OF CHLOROSULFONIC ACID IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF' HALOGEN SUBSTITUTE):) AROMATIC COMPOUNDS UI\LAt!UlU !GHirULTITRE & MECHANICAL COU"RI. ; LIBRA ]{Y i OCT 26 1937 THE USE OF CHLOROSULFONIC ACID IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF HALOGEN SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUNDS By Elton Murray Baker,. Bachelor of Soience North.. estern State Teachers College 1955 Submitted to the Department of Chemistry Oklahoma Agricultural. and Mechanical. College In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASrER OF SCIENCE 1957 - ' ' • ~9 ! . • • • • r •: .. : : ... ..... .. ' .. .. ... ... .. .. ·.... ... .... ~ ~ ( . .. : : ( ~ · : ·. ... ' . • '' . OKLAHOMA ~liBICUL TURE &MECIL\NIO AL eniLEal ii LIBR ARY OCT 261937 APPROVED: In Charge of Thesis Head of the Department of Chemistry ~'~~Dean of the Graduate School. 100711 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Introduction . • • • • • • • 1 Historical Review • • • 2 Experimental • • • • • • • • • 9 Discussion of Results • • .. • • • • 29 Summary • • • • • • • • • • • . 51 Bibliography . • • • ... • • • • • • 52 Autobiography • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • 56 iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The author wishes to express his sincere appreciation to Dr. o. c. Dermer under whose direction this work was done. He also .wishes to acknowledge the service rendered by t he Oklahoma Agricultural and Mechanical College Librarians and Chemistry Storeroom assistants. 1 INTBOOOO!'ION The identification of aromatic halides is generally accomplished by converting them into mono or pol.ynitro derivatives. The reaction is not always easy to control., however_. and sometimes gives mixtures hard to purify. In View of the rea<V' con'Vereion of aroma.tie hydrocarbons into solid s-ulfonyl chloride deri.Yatives by chloro.eulfonic acid~ it seemed profitable to extend the reaction to include aromatic halides. The method has the added advantage that, if a sulfonyl chloride is hard to plil'ify or does not uniquely identify a compound, it may he very ee{!ily converted into the suli'onamide,, which is general.ly a satisfactory derivative.
    [Show full text]