ANNEXES J - Q ANNEX J: CITY OF SELMA J.1 Community Profile Figure J.1displays a map and the location within Fresno County of the City of Selma and its Sphere of Influence. Figure J.1: The City of Selma J.1.1 Geography and Climate The City of Selma is located in the central San Joaquin Valley in Fresno County and is about 20 miles west of the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Selma is 19 miles south of the City of Fresno at the crossroads of State Highways 99 and 43. A major, busy railroad line runs diagonally through the City and parallel to State Highway 99. Neighboring communities include Kingsburg (5 miles south), Fowler (8 miles northwest), and Reedley (12 miles northeast). The City and its Sphere of Influence occupy an 8,194-acre area; the City alone comprises 3,316 acres. Over the past decade Fresno County (Selma) DRAFT Annex J.1 Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan the City’s boundaries have changed minimally, with only a small annexation of land in the southwestern portion of the City’s Sphere of Influence. The landscape is generally flat. The climate is mild year-round with average summer daytime highs in the 90s and winter daytime lows in the 40s. The summer months are very dry, while the winter months get the most rainfall and moisture. Selma’s average yearly rainfall is approximately 11.2 inches. J.1.2 History Selma was founded in 1893 as an incorporated, agricultural-based city because of the area’s mild and temperate climate and the presence of a Southern Pacific Railroad line. J.1.3 Economy Much of the area’s economy is agriculturally based. The City of Selma is known as the Raisin Capital of the World because the area has numerous vineyards that produce raisins and supporting packing companies. Other local produce includes tree fruits such as peaches. The retail industry in the City of Selma is growing. The leaders in retail sales include large car dealerships, building material and farming implement establishments, and other general retailers. The retail sales increase is due to population growth, Selma’s incorporation into the Fresno metropolitan area, and the volume of people that pass through the City on its major highways. Select estimates of economic characteristics for the City of Selma are shown in Table J.1. Table J.1: City of Selma’s Economic Characteristics, 2016 Characteristic City of Selma Families below Poverty Level 20.9% All People below Poverty Level 23.1% Median Family Income $45,303 Median Household Income $41,086 Per Capita Income $15,686 Population in Labor Force 10,430 Population Employed* 9,195 Unemployment 11.6% Number of Companies 7,100 Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2012-2016 5-Year Estimates, www.census.gov/ *Excludes armed forces Tables J.2 and J.3 show how the City of Selma’s labor force breaks down by occupation and industry based on estimates from the 2016 American Community Survey. Fresno County (Selma) DRAFT Annex J.2 Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Table J.2: City of Selma’s Employment by Occupation, 2016 Occupation # Employed % Employed Natural Resources, Construction, and Maintenance Occupations 2,203 24.0 Sales and Office Occupations 1,957 21.3 Service Occupations 1,776 19.3 Production, Transportation, and Material Moving Occupations 1,700 18.5 Management, Business, Science, and Arts Occupations 1,559 17.0 Total 9,195 100.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2012-2016 5-Year Estimates, www.census.gov/ Table J.3: City of Selma’s Employment by Industry, 2016 Industry # Employed % Employed Educational Services, and Health Care and Social Assistance 1,752 19.1 Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing and Hunting, and Mining 1,392 15.1 Retail Trade 1,024 11.1 Manufacturing 925 10.1 Arts, Entertainment, and Recreation, and Accommodation, and Food Services 723 7.9 Public Administration 649 7.1 Construction 573 6.2 Wholesale Trade 540 5.9 Professional, Scientific, and Mgmt., and Administrative and Waste Mgmt. Services 497 5.4 Transportation and Warehousing, and Utilities 386 4.2 Finance and Insurance, and Real Estate and Rental and Leasing 322 3.5 Other Services, Except Public Administration 317 3.4 Information 95 1.0 Total 9,195 100.0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2011-2015 5-Year Estimates, www.census.gov/ J.1.4 Population The population was estimated at 24,597 in 2016 with a population density of 4,758 people per square mile. Select demographic and social characteristics for the City of Selma from the 2016 American Community Survey are shown in Table J.4. Table J.4: City of Selma’s Demographic and Social Characteristics, 2016 Characteristic City of Selma Gender/Age Male 50.0$ Female 50.0% Median age 30.7 Under 5 years 8.0% Under 18 years 30.4% 65 years and over 11.4% Race/Ethnicity* Fresno County (Selma) DRAFT Annex J.3 Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan Characteristic City of Selma White 73.7% Asian 5.2% Black or African American 0.4% American Indian/Alaska Native 0.8% Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 80.7% Education High school graduate or higher 61.1% Disability Status Population 5 years and over with a disability 9.7% Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2012-2016 5-Year Estimates, www.census.gov/ *Of the 95.7% reporting one race Fresno County (Selma) DRAFT Annex J.4 Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan J.2 Hazard Identification and Summary Selma’s planning team identified the hazards that affect the City and summarized their frequency of occurrence, spatial extent, potential magnitude, and significance specific to Selma (see Table J.5). In the context of the plan’s planning area, there are no hazards that are unique to Selma. Table J.5: City of Selma—Hazard Summaries Geographic Probability of Future Magnitude/ Hazard Significance Extent Occurrences Severity Agricultural Hazards Limited Highly Likely Critical Medium Avalanche N/A N/A N/A N/A Dam Failure Extensive Occasional Critical Medium Drought Significant Likely Limited High Earthquake Significant Occasional Catastrophic Medium Flood/Levee Failure Extensive Unlikely Critical Medium Hazardous Materials Incident Significant Likely Critical High Human Health Hazards: Epidemic/Pandemic Extensive Occasional Catastrophic Medium West Nile Virus Limited Highly Likely Negligible Low Landslide Limited Occasional Limited Low Severe Weather Extreme Cold/Freeze Significant Highly Likely Negligible Medium Extreme Heat Extensive Highly Likely Limited Medium Fog Extensive Likely Negligible Medium Heavy Rain/Thunderstorm/ Extensive Highly Likely Limited Medium Hail/Lightning Tornado Extensive Unlikely Negligible Low Windstorm Extensive Likely Limited Medium Winter Storm Extensive Highly Likely Negligible Low Soil Hazards: Erosion No Data Likely No Data Low Expansive Soils No Data Occasional No Data Low Land Subsidence Limited Occasional No Data Low Volcano Extensive Unlikely Negligible Low Wildfire Extensive Highly Likely Critical Low Geographic Extent Magnitude/Severity Limited: Less than 10% of planning area Catastrophic—More than 50 percent of property severely damaged; Significant: 10-50% of planning area shutdown of facilities for more than 30 days; and/or multiple deaths Extensive: 50-100% of planning area Critical—25-50 percent of property severely damaged; shutdown of facilities for at least two weeks; and/or injuries and/or illnesses result in Probability of Future Occurrences permanent disability Highly Likely: Near 100% chance of occurrence in Limited—10-25 percent of property severely damaged; shutdown of next year, or happens every year. facilities for more than a week; and/or injuries/illnesses treatable do not Likely: Between 10 and 100% chance of occurrence result in permanent disability in next year, or has a recurrence interval of 10 years Negligible—Less than 10 percent of property severely damaged, shutdown or less. of facilities and services for less than 24 hours; and/or injuries/illnesses Occasional: Between 1 and 10% chance of treatable with first aid occurrence in the next year, or has a recurrence interval of 11 to 100 years. Significance Unlikely: Less than 1% chance of occurrence in next Low: minimal potential impact 100 years, or has a recurrence interval of greater than Medium: moderate potential impact every 100 years. High: widespread potential impact Fresno County (Selma) DRAFT Annex J.5 Multi-Hazard Mitigation Plan J.3 Vulnerability Assessment The intent of this section is to assess Selma’s vulnerability separate from that of the planning area as a whole, which has already been assessed in Section 4.3 Vulnerability Assessment in the main plan. This vulnerability assessment analyzes the population, property, and other assets at risk to hazards ranked of medium or high significance that may vary from other parts of the planning area. The information to support the hazard identification and risk assessment for this Annex was collected through a Data Collection Guide, which was distributed to each participating municipality or special district to complete during the original outreach process in 2009. Information collected was analyzed and summarized in order to identify and rank all the hazards that could impact anywhere within the County, and used to rank the hazards and to identify the related vulnerabilities unique to each jurisdiction. In addition, the City of Selma’s HMPC team members were asked to validate the matrix that was originally scored in 2009 based on the experience and perspective of each planning team member relative to the City of Selma. Each participating jurisdiction was in support of the main hazard summary identified in the base plan (See Table 4.1). However, the hazard summary rankings for each jurisdictional annex may vary slightly due to specific hazard risk and vulnerabilities unique to that jurisdiction (See Table J.5).