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Des Lacs National Wildlife Refuge Annual Narrative Report Calendar

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Des Lacs National Wildlife Refuge Annual Narrative Report Calendar Des Lacs National Wildlife Refuge Annual Narrative Report Calendar Year 2002 REVIEW AND APPROVALS DES LACS NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Kenmare, North Dakota ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 2002 ~1A. ~ ~ry\._ fh}_f>$ Refuge Manager Date Project Leader Date .:£~a~ 101;11~ Regional Office Approval Date 7 n TABLE OF CONTENTS r, ,, INTRODUCTION ......................................................... 1 ' I A. HIGHLIGHTS ......................................................... 2 B. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS .............................................. 3 n. : C. LAND ACQUISITION .................................................. 5 2. Easements ......................................................... 5 n: ' D. PLANNING .............. : . ........................................... 5 1. Comprehensive Conservation Plan ..................................... 5 n 2. Management Plan .................................................. 6 4. Compliance with Environmental and Cultural Resource Mandates ............ 6 n 5. Research and Investigations .......................................... 6 6. Other ........................................................... 13 n E. ADMINISTRATION ................................................... 14 1. Personnel ........................................................ 14 2. Youth Program ................................................... 18 n 4. Volunteer Program ................................................ 19 5. Funding ......................................................... 20 6. Safety .......................................................... 22 n 7. Technical Assistance ............................................... 22 8. Other ........................................................... 22 a~ Training and Meetings ........................................ 23 n b. Asbestos ................................................... 26 F. HABITAT MANAGEMENT ............................................ 27 1. General ......................................................... 27 2. Wetlands ........................................................ 27 n 4. Croplands ....................................................... 29 5. Grasslands ....................................................... 29 7. Grazing ......................................................... 29 8. Haying .......................................................... 32 n' I 9. Fire Management ................................................. 33 a. 2002 Prescribed burns ........................................ 36 n b. 2002 Wildfires ............................................. 38 10. Pest Control ..................................................... 39 n 11. Water Rights .................................................... 39 n ii n r; ' G. WILDLIFE ........................................................... 40 1. Wildlife Diversity ................................................. 40 n 2. Endangered and/or Threatened Species ................................ 40 3. Waterfowl ....................................................... 41 4. Marsh and Water Birds ............................................. 42 n 5. Shorebirds, Gulls, Terns, and Allied Species ............................ 42 6. Raptors ......................................................... 42 ,, 7. Other Migratory Birds .............................................. 42 i j 8. Game Mammals .................................................. 42 10. Other Resident Wildlife ........................................... 43 ,, 16. Marking and Banding ............................................. 43 I I 17. Disease Prevention and Control ..................................... 43 H. PUBLIC USE ......................................................... 44 n 1. General ......................................................... 44 2. Outdoor Classrooms - Students ...................................... 45 5. Interpretive Tour Routes ............................................ 46 nr l 6. Interpretive Exhibits/Demonstrations .................................. 47 7. Other Interpretive Programs ......................................... 47 n 8. Hunting ......................................................... 47 10. Trapping ....................................................... 48 11. Wildlife Observation .............................................. 49 n 14. Picnicking ...................................................... 49 16. Other Non-Wildlife Oriented Recreation .............................. 49 n 17. Law Enforcement ................................................ 49 I. EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES ......................................... 52 1. New Construction ................................................. 52 n 2. Rehabilitation .................................................... 59 4. Equipment Utilization and Re_placement ............................... 63 5. Communication Systems ........................................... 64 6. Computer Systems ................................................ 64 7. Energy Conservation ............................................... 65 n 8. Other ........................................................... 65 J. OTHER ITEMS ....................................................... 67 1. Cooperative Programs .............................................. 67 n 3. Items of Interest ................................................... 67 r, 4. Credits .......................................................... 67 n n iii n n l n( i INTRODUCTION n "Des Lacs" is french, meaning "of the lakes." Early trappers originally called the area "Riviere des Lacs," literally, "River of the Lakes," which aptly described its prominent features. Des Lacs National Wildlife Refuge is a 28-mile long river valley with three natural n lakes. The distinctive physiography was created by glacial meltwater cutting through a vast ground moraine known as the Drift Plain. The refuge is in Burke and Ward counties in n northwestern North Dakota, about 50 miles northwest of Minot and 90 miles east of ! Montana; it borders Saskatchewan to the north. Upland topography changes from the gently rolling Drift Plain to steep slopes that descend 50-125 feet to the river. The slopes are n interrupted with numerous wooded draws and coulees, which have intermittent streams that I drain hundreds of square miles of adjacent Drift Plain. The refuge was established in 1935, amidst the "dust bowl era." Construction of dikes and n water control structures, beginning with work by the Civilian Conservation Corps, created more permanent, large pools and several smaller marshes in a region historically known for n high numbers of nesting waterfowl. Hence, primary objectives of the refuge are waterfowl production and protection, and enhancement of migratory bird habitat. An additional n objective is to restore and maintain prairie vegetation. Water management on the refuge is complicated by the flat topography of the valley. The original, natural lakes formed when natural dams were created by glacial outwash at the n mouths of several large coulees draining the Drift Plain. When water levels are high, water travels south toward the Souris River. Much of Des Lacs refuge water comes from adjacent coulees, however, not from upstream sources in Canada. If coulee water flows are low to the n north, water can flow north. Water builds very little "head" going either direction, making water manipulation more difficult than at other riverine refuges. n Des Lacs NWR's 19,544 acres include 13,600 acres of upland grass and grass-shrub communities, 230 acres of wooded draws and coulees, 5,014 acres of open water, and 700 acres of marsh. Grass and grass-shrub slopes are native sod dominated by western snowberry n shrub, wheatgrasses and needlegrasses, grama, bluestem, and native forbs, but are invaded by exotics especially Kentucky bluegrass, smooth brome, and leafy spurge. Prairie on level Drift is similar though generally more degraded by exotic invasion. Green ash and American n elm dominate woodlands, and chokecherry, juneberry, and sapling trees encroach into prairie at the woodland edge. Other upland communities include quaking aspen clumps, remnant farm shelterbelts, and old crop fields seeded in tame grass-legume ("dense nesting") cover. n Conspicuous vertebrate fauna of open prairies and woodland margins include northern harrier, sharp-tailed grouse, mourning dove, eastern kingbird, gray catbird, yellow warbler, house wren, western meadowlark, song, clay-colored, and savannah sparrows, white-tailed n. l deer, meadow vole, and deer mouse. Common wetland fauna during summer include western and eared grebes, white pelican, Canada goose, mallard, gadwall, blue-winged teal, n ruddy, sora, Wilson's phalarope, Franklin's gull, black tern, yellow-headed and red-winged blackbirds, and muskrat. n i ! n A. HIGHLIGHTS A large bio-monitoring effort continued with grassland bird nest searching, treatment/control study of grazing effects on upland nesting birds, DNC duck nesting, sharp-tailed grouse lek surveys, grebe colony surveys, vegetation transects, breeding bird survey, and other biological monitoring. Scientific papers were presented at the National meeting of The Wildlife Society in Mandan, ND in September by Biologists Rubin, Ivan and Murphy. Construction was started on the new office addition and remodeling project. Complex firefighters again supported the national wildfire suppression effort. Figure 1. Honker showed up at many locations during the year including Lostwood NWR during the June open house week. 6 /
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