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UPPER SOURIS NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Foxholm, North Dakota

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UPPER SOURIS NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Foxholm, North Dakota UPPER SOURIS NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Foxholm, North Dakota ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 1988 U.S. Department of the Interior Fish and Wildlife Service NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE SYSTEM REVIEW AND APPROVALS UPPER SOURIS NATIONAL WILDLIFE REFUGE Foxholm, North Dakota ANNUAL NARRATIVE REPORT Calendar Year 1988 r\ 0^, t /<T- Refuge Manager ate . Refuge Supervisgr view Regional Office Approval INTRODUCTION The Upper Souris National Wildlife Refuge is situated in the drift prairie region of north central North Dakota. It occupies a 30 mile reach of the western loop of the Souris River. The Souris River enters the United States from Canada just north of the refuge and flows 69 river miles before leaving the refuge. At a point approximately seven miles north of Foxholm, the refuge's Lake Darling Dam spans the Souris River valley. This earthen dam creates a refuge water impoundment of 10,000 surface acres in size. This impoundment supplies water for several smaller impoundments on the refuge and for marshes at J. Clark Salyer NWR. The Upper Souris NWR covers 32,092 acres of the Souris River valley in both Ward and Renville counties. Present habitat for wildlife on the refuge includes 17,562 acres of native grasslands, 400 acres of introduced grasses, 733 acres of dense nesting cover, 750 acres of woodlands and 12,647 wetland acres of open water, river and shallow marshes. The physiography of the area is characterized by a narrow band of river bottom woodlands, fertile flood plain, rolling hills and steep brush covered coulees. Management programs are designed to increase waterfowl production and maintenance, but they also promote species diversity and maintain the complex prairie ecosystem. Water management in marshes located below Lake Darling Dam consists of seasonal drawdown capabilities in most pools. Pools A, B, C, 87 and 96 all have water supplied from the Lake Darling reservoir. Pools 96A and 96B have water supplied by either spring run-off or water pumped from the river. Refuge marshes above Lake Darling are controlled by Dam 41. These marshes consist of natural river oxbows and natural marsh areas created by holding water at varying levels. Management of native and tame grasslands for waterfowl nesting is accomplished by grazing, haying, prescribed burning and the establishment of native and tame grass stands. The refuge receives considerable public use due to the close proximity to the city of Minot and Minot Air Force Base. An auto tour route, hiking trails, canoe routes, observation points and grouse observation blinds provide many opportunities for the visitor to view wildlife. Fishing visits account for the majority of public use with an estimated 70,000 - 100,000 visits annually. Environmental Education workshops are held on the refuge for local teachers for college credit through Minot State University and North Dakota State University. INTRODUCTION Page TABLE OF CONTENTS i A. HIGHLIGHTS 1 B. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS 1 C. LAND ACQUISITION 1. Fee Title Nothing To Report 2. Easements Nothing To Report 3. Other Nothing To Report D. PLANNING 1. Master Plan Nothing To Report 2. Management Plan 3 3. Public Participation Nothing To Report 4. Compliance with Environmental & Cultural Resource Mandates. 3 5. Research and Investigations 3 6. Other 3 E. ADMINISTRATION 1. Personnel 6 2. Youth Programs 10 3. Other Manpower Programs Nothing To Report 4. Volunteer Programs 11 5. Funding 14 6. Safety 14 7. Technical Assistance 17 8. Other 18 F. HABITAT MANAGEMENT 1. General 19 2. Wetlands 2 0 3. Forests 2 4 4. Croplands 2 4 5. Grasslands 25 6. Other Habitat Nothing To Report 7. Grazing 27 8. Haying 29 i • * F. HABITAT MANAGEMENT (Cont.) Page 9. Fire Management 31 10. Pest Control 31 11. Water Rights 3 5 12. Wilderness and Special Areas Nothing To Report 13. WPA Easements Monitoring Nothing To Report G. WILDLIFE 1. Wildlife Diversity Nothing to Report 2. Endangered and/or Threatened Species 3 6 3. Waterfowl 3 6 4. March and Water Birds 40 5. Shorebirds, Gulls, Terns and Allied Species 4 0 6. Raptors 4 0 7. Other Migratory Birds 4 0 8. Game Mammals 4 0 9. Marine Mammals Nothing To Report 10. Other Resident Wildlife 41 11. Fisheries Resources 42 12. Wildlife Propagation and Stocking 45 13. Surplus Animal Disposal Nothing To Report 14. Scientific Collections Nothing To Report 15. Animal Control 46 16. Marking and Banding 47 17. Disease Prevention and Control 47 H. PUBLIC USE 1. General 47 2. Outdoor Classrooms - Students 48 3. Outdoor Classrooms - Teachers 4 8 4. Interpretive Foot Trails 49 5. Interpretive Tour Routes 49 6. Interpretive Exhibits/Demonstrations 50 7. Other Interpretive Programs Nothing To Report 8. Hunting * 51 9. Fishing 51 10. Trapping Nothing To Report 11. Wildlife Observation 52 12. Other Wildlife Oriented Recreation 52 13. Camping Nothing To Report ii < H. PUBLIC USE (Cont.) Page 14. Picnicking 52 15. Off-Road Vehicling Nothing To Report 16. Other Non-Wildlife Oriented Recreation Nothing To Report 17. Law Enforcement 52 18. Cooperating Associations 56 19. Concessions Nothing To Report I. EQUIPMENT AND FACILITIES 1. New Construction 57 2. Rehabilitation 58 3. Major Maintenance 59 4. Equipment Utilization and Replacement 59 5. Communications Systems Nothing To Report 6. Computer Systems 60 7. Energy Conservation Nothing To Report 8. Other Nothing To Report J. OTHER ITEMS 1. Cooperative Programs Nothing To Report 2. Other Economic Uses Nothing To Report 3. Items of Interest 61 4. Credits 66 K. FEEDBACK 67 L. INFORMATION-PACKET.. (inside back cover) iii * 1 A. HIGHLIGHTS Drought continues at Upper Souris NWR. (Section B.)« Souris Basin Flood Control Project pushes forward. (Section D.6) . Nancy Smette joins refuge staff as Refuge Clerk. (Section E.l). Awards received by refuge employees and volunteers. (Sections E.1 and E.4). Ten pounds of stolen high explosives recovered on refuge. (Section E.6). Fee fishing proposal defeated. (Section E.8). Governor declared drought disaster. Emergency grazing and haying programs implemented. (Sections F.7 and F.8). Experimental Leafy Spurge Control Program implemented. (Section F.10). Record high snow goose populations observed on refuge. (Section G. 3). High duck nesting success observed. (Section G.3). Fish tagging and spawning conducted on refuge. (Section G.ll). Moose illegally shot on refuge. (Section H.17). Major rehabilitation of refuge domestic water supply begun. (Section 1.2). B. CLIMATIC CONDITIONS Recorded temperature for 1988 ranged from a high of 109oF on July 27 to a low of -270F on February 11. The recorded high temperature was well above the refuge's last ten year extreme high temperature average of 100oF. The refuge endured four months when the recorded high temperature was over 100oF. The resulting low temperature was only slightly higher than the extreme low temperature average of -3 0oF for the same ten year period. Canada geese, snow geese, swans, and mallards continued to use Lake Darling until it froze over on November 15. The total recorded precipitation for 1988 (12.48") was 21 percent below the refuge's annual average of 15.70" and 15 percent below the refuge's last ten year average of 14.60". This was the third consecutive year that the refuge has received below normal amounts of precipitation. Measurable precipita­ 2 tion, rain or snow, was recorded on 62 days during the year. Trace amounts occurred on 55 additional days. The greatest single day accumulation (0.84") was recorded on June 14 and again on September 19. Table 1. 1988 Weather Conditions Precipitation Temperature Month Amount Normal Snowfall Max. Min. January .72" .37" 8.25" + 440F -2 60F February .04" .43" .50" + 630F -270F March .98" .61" 5.00" + 630F - 30F April .23" 1.22" 0.00" + 840F + 150F May 2. 34" 2.16" 0.00" + 101oF + 3 0oF June 1.60" 3.21" 0.00" + 104oF + 470F July 1.96" 2.15" 0. 00" + 109oF + 4 60F August .52" 1.92" 0.00" + 105oF + 3 40F September 2.05" 1.60" 0.00" + 880F + 3 50F October .15" .91" 0.00" + 840F + 50F November .82" .66" 4.25" + 620F - 40F December 1.07" .46" 10.00" + 480F -180F Annual Totals .28.00" .. - 2 7 0F Table 2. Weather Conditions, Ten Year Average Precipitation Temperature Year Total Snowfall Maximum Minimum 1978 17.86" 31.00" +103oF -3 80F 1979 10.17" 42.00" + 100oF -3 70F 1980 10.17" 26.50" + 980F -310F 1981 13.48" 21.00" + 101oF -2 60F 1982 18.48" 42.00" + 950F -3 60F 1983 13.79" 22.00" Not Recorded -3 70F 1984 17.58" 33.50" +102oF -280F 1985 18.87" 32.50" +102oF -3 20F 1986 14.00" 29.50" + 950F -250F 1987 11.64" 23.25" + 102oF -110F Ten Year Average... f 3 D. PLANNING 2. Management Plan Annual plans submitted to the Regional Office included: Prescribed Burn Plan, Trapping Proposal, Water Management Plan and Annual Work Plan. The Upland Game Hunting Plan was rewritten to incorporate deer hunting and retitled Hunting Plan. 4. Compliance with Environmental and Cultural Resource Mandate A cultural resource determination was received from the State Historic Preservation Office to cover our domestic water system rehabilitation. We commented on the Corps of Engineers' Final Environmental Impact Statement on the Souris Basin Flood Control Project. 5. Research and Investigations Service Contaminant Biologist A1 Ludden continued for the second year to coordinate a baseline contaminant monitoring study of the Souris River and associated refuges. Refuge personnel were responsible for collecting sediment samples, bullheads, and flightless coots to be analyzed. Results were received from the refuge well water sample taken in 1987. The sample was tested for thirteen suspected herbicides. Dicamba was detected at 0.05 parts per billion.
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