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GROUND WATER RESOURCE S of RENVILLE and WARD COUNTIES

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GROUND WATER RESOURCE S of RENVILLE and WARD COUNTIES GROUND WATER RESOURCES of RENVILLE AND WARD COUNTIES by Wayne A. Pettyjohn and R . D. Hutchinson Geological Survey United States Department of the Interio r 197 1 BULLETIN 50 - PART II I North Dakota Geological Survey Edwin A . Noble, State Geologist COUNTY GROUND-WATER STUDIES 11 - PART II I North Dakota State Water Commission Milo W . Hoisveen, State Engineer Prepared by the United States Geological Surve y in cooperation with the North Dakota State Water Commission , the North Dakota Geological Survey, and Renville and Ward Counties Water Management Districts This is one of a series of county reports published cooperatively by the North Dakota Geological Survey and the North Dakota Stat e Water Commission. The reports are in three parts; Part I describes th e geology, Part II presents the ground water basic data, and Part III describes the ground water resources. Part I will be published later. CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 1 Purpose and scope of the investigation 1 Location and extent of the area 2 Physiography and drainage 2 Previous investigations 4 Acknowledgments 5 Well-numbering system 5 PRINCIPLES OF GROUND-WATER OCCURRENCE 7 WATER QUALITY AND ITS RELATION TO USE 9 Dissolved solids and specific conductance 1 1 Irrigation indices 1 2 Hardness 1 2 REGIONAL GROUND-WATER HYDROLOGY 1 2 Coteau du Missouri recharge area 1 3 Des Lacs artesian discharge area 1 3 Central recharge area 1 5 GROUND WATER IN THE BEDROCK DEPOSITS 1 5 Pre-Cretaceous rocks 1 7 Cretaceous rocks 17 Tertiary rocks 20 GROUND WATER IN THE QUATERNARY DEPOSITS 25 Coteau du Missouri area 26 Douglas aquifer 27 Hiddenwood Lake aquifer 31 Ryder aquifer 3 1 Ryder Ridge aquifer 34 Tolgen aquifer 3 5 Vang aquifer 37 Unnamed aquifers 40 Surficial sand and gravel deposits 40 Unnamed aquifer at Carpenter Lake 40 Unnamed aquifer west of Berthold 40 Des Lacs artesian discharge area 41 i Des Lacs River valley 4 1 Kenmare aquifer 42 Souris River valley 49 Burlington aquifer 5 6 Lower Souris aquifer 56 Minot aquifer 6 1 North Hill aquifer 80 Northwest Buried-Channel aquifer 81 South Hill aquifer 82 Sundre Buried-Channel aquifer 83 Unnamed aquifers 84 Central recharge area 84 Aquifers in the Souris River valley upstream from Burlington . 86 Aquifers in ice-marginal channel deposits 86 Unnamed aquifers 90 USE OF GROUND WATER 92 Domestic and stock use 92 Public supply 92 Berthold 93 Glenburn 93 Kenmare 93 Loraine 9 3 Minot 94 Ryder 94 Sherwood 94 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS 9 5 SELECTED REFERENCES 9 7 ii ILLUSTRATIONS Page Plate 1. Map showing ground-wate r availability (in pocket) 2 . Geologic sections of the Souris and Des Lacs River valleys (in pocket) Figure 1 . Map showing physiographic divisions in Nort h Dakota and location of report area 3 2. Diagram showing system of numbering wells, springs, and test holes 6 3. Map showing major ground-water recharge and discharge areas 14 4. Map showing quality of water from wells penetrating the Fort Union Group 2 3 5. Map showing location of the Douglas aquifer , ground-water movement, and specific conductanc e of water from selected wells 28 6. Hydrographs showing water-level fluctuation s in the Douglas aquifer and precipitation at Ryder 29 7. Map showing location of the Hiddenwood Lake aquifer and graph showing water-leve l fluctuations 32 8. Map showing location of the Ryder aquife r and specific conductance of water from selected wells 33 9. Map showing location of the Tolgen aquifer and specific conductance of water from selected wells 36 10. Map showing location of the Vang aquifer , specific conductance of water, and elevation of the water table 38 11. Map showing location of wells for Kenmare aquifer test (160-88-20) 44 12. Graph showing drawdown and recovery curve s for the Kenmare aquifer test 46 13. Logarithmic graph showing drawdown (s) versus time (t) for observation well 2, Kenmare aquifer test 47 14. Graph showing classification of water from the Kenmare aquifer for irrigation use 50 15. Hydrographs showing discharge of the Souris River above Minot and near Verendrye, Octobe r 1, 1964, to September 30, 1965 5 2 16. Hydrographs showing the combined discharge o f the Des Lacs and Souris Rivers at the Foxhol m gages and the Souris River at the Minot gage, June 16, 1964, to September 12, 1964 54 17. Graph showing discharge and dissolved solid s of the Souris River at Verendrye, October 1963 through September 1965 55 18. Map showing locations of the Lower Souris and Sundre Buried-Channel aquifers, and selected hydrologic data 57 19. Hydrographs showing water-level fluctuation s in the Lower Souris and Sundre Buried-Channel aquifers . Precipitation at Minot Airport 59 20. Map showing location of wells for the Lower Souris aquifer test (154-82-3) 60 iv 21. Semilogarithmic graph showing Lower Souri s aquifer test drawdown-test data for observation well 1 63 22. Graph showing classification for irrigatio n use of selected water samples from the Lower Souris aquifer and from the Souris River between Burlington and Sawyer 64 23. Graph showing precipitation at Minot , discharge of the Souris River, and water levels in the central part o f the Minot aquifer, 1944-66 66 24. Hydrographs showing water-level fluctuation s in the Minot aquifer and precipitation at Minot Airport 68 25. Map showing water-level rise in part of the Minot aquifer from March 1964 to June 1966 69 26. Graph showing pumpage by Minot, 1944-66 70 27. Semilogarithmic graph showing predicted drawdowns in the vicinity of Minot wells 5 and 7, each discharging 700 gpm fo r selected periods 76 28. Semilogarithmic graph showing predicted drawdowns in the vicinity of Minot wells 8 and 15, each discharging 70 0 gpm for selected periods 77 29. Map showing chemical quality of water from the Minot aquifer 79 30. Map showing location of the North Hill aquifer, and selected hydrologic data 80 31. Semilogarithmic graph showing recovery dat a obtained during aquifer test on th e city of Sherwood well (164-84-32cdd) 88 v TABLES Page Table 1 . Major chemical constituents in water–their sources, effects upon usability, an d recommended concentration limits 10 2. Bedrock geologic units and their water-yielding properties 16 3. Chemical analyses of water fro m bedrock aquifers 18, 19 4. Results of Kenmare aquifer test 48 5. Results of Lower Souris aquifer test 6 2 6. Transmissibility of the Mino t aquifer 71, 72 7. Storage coefficient for the Minot aquifer at selected well sites 7 4 8. Specific capacities of selected well s in the vicinity of Minot 7 5 vi GROUND-WATER RESOURCES OF RENVILLE AND WARD COUNTIES, NORTH DAKOT A By Wayne A. Pettyjohn and R . D. Hutchinson ABSTRACT Two major types of aquifers are present in Renville and War d Counties--those in the semiconsolidated and consolidated bedroc k formations and those in unconsolidated glacial deposits. Layers of sand and lignite in the Fort Union Group are th e principal bedrock aquifers. A few bedrock wells flow, but in others th e depth to water may exceed 100 feet. The water is a sodium bicarbonate type, a sodium chloride type, or a mixture. It is unsuitable for many purposes. Aquifers in the Souris (Mouse) and Des Lacs River valleys are th e most productive of the unconsolidated glacial deposits. Individual well yields of more than 500 gallons per minute are available locally, and th e water is generally of good quality. Numerous other surficial and buried glacial aquifers, however, contain water of poor chemical quality . INTRODUCTION Purpose and Scope of the Investigation This report is the result of a 4-year investigation by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the North Dakota State Wate r Commission, the North Dakota Geological Survey, and Renville an d Ward Counties. The purpose was to determine the availability, quantity , and quality of the ground-water resources in the counties . The availability of water for municipal use and for irrigation was of primar y interest. The investigation began in July 1963 and the fieldwork was completed in August 1966. The report on the geology of the countie s 1 will be published as Part I . The basic-data report was published as Par t II (Pettyjohn, 1968a) and includes logs of test holes ; records of wells , springs, and test holes ; water-level measurements ; and chemical analyse s of ground water . This report (Part III) describes the location, extent , chemical quality, and quantity of water in storage ; the relationship between surface water and ground water ; water use ; and aquifer yields. It also discusses the suitability of the ground water for irrigation , municipal supply, industrial use, and domestic and stock use . Basic data used in this report are from Part II (Pettyjohn, 1968a), unless otherwise referenced. The classification and nomenclature of the rock units in thi s report conform to the usage of the North Dakota Geological Survey . Location and Extent of the Area Renville and Ward Counties cover 2,949 square miles in th e north-central part of North Dakota (fig. 1). The area is bounded on the north by Canada, on the west by Burke and Mountrail Counties, on th e south by McLean County, and on the east by Bottineau and McHenr y Counties. Physiography and Drainage Renville and Ward Counties can be divided into three distinc t parts: the ground-moraine plain, the valleys of the Souris and Des Lac s Rivers, and the Coteau du Missouri . The northeast-sloping ground-moraine plain of the Drift Prairie extends from the northeas t edge of the Coteau du Missouri to Canada and includes much of War d County and nearly all of Renville County.
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