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Public Administration in the Czech Republic Public Administration in the Czech Republic July 2004 1 Public Administration in the Czech Republic Publisher: the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic, Section for Public Administration Reform, Nad Štolou 3, PS 21/TP,170 34 Prague 7, the Czech Republic Compiled by: doc. Ing. Jiří Marek, CSc., PhDr. Markéta Pánková, Mgr. Ing. Petra Šímová Authors: RNDr. Pavel Bureš, Mgr. Petr Fejtek, Ing. Tomáš Holenda, PhDr. Miroslava Holubová, Mgr. Kristina Chrástková, Mgr. Martina Jalovecká, doc. RNDr. Eliška Jelínková, CSc., Mgr. Jiří Klein, Ing. Eduard Komárek, Mgr. Marika Kopkášová, Ing. Vladímira Kracíková, JUDr. Ladislav Kužvart, Ing. Petra Leissová, Ing. Zdeněk Major, doc. Ing. Jiří Marek, CSc., JUDr. Miloš Matula, CSc., PaedDr. František Menšík, JUDr. Zdeněk Němec, PhDr. Geraldina Palovčíková, PhDr. Markéta Pánková, Ing. Štěpánka Steinbachová, Ing. Jaroslav Svoboda, JUDr. Lubomír Šimek, Mgr. Ing. Petra Šímová, Ing. Marek Vetýška, Ing. Nikolaj Videnov, CSc., Ing. Kateřina Vojtová Approved by RNDr. Josef Postránecký Photographs: Lukáš Žentel, Milan Jaroš Graphic Design: Translation: Mgr. Ing. Petra Šímová Printed by Tiskárna Ministerstva vnitra, p.o., Bartůňková 4, 149 00 Prague 4, the Czech Republic Number of pages: Published: Prague, 2004 2 Content INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................6 1. DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION SYSTEMS OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC ............................................................................................................................... 7 1.1 SYSTEM TRANSFORMATION OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC .7 1.2 THE NEW REGIONAL ARRANGEMENT ............................................................................... 9 1.3 SECOND STAGE OF THE TERRITORIAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION REFORM...................... 11 2. CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC..................................... 14 2.1 FUNDAMENTALS OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL ORDER......................................................... 14 2.2 THE LEGISLATIVE POWER ............................................................................................... 14 2.3 THE ELECTORAL SYSTEM ................................................................................................ 16 2.4 THE HEAD OF STATE ....................................................................................................... 17 2.5 THE EXECUTIVE POWER.................................................................................................. 17 2.6 THE JUDICIAL POWER...................................................................................................... 19 2.7 THE OMBUDSMAN........................................................................................................... 20 2.8 COORDINATION OF THE CENTRAL STATE ADMINISTRATION ........................................... 21 2.9 COORDINATION OF THE EUROPEAN MATTERS (THE EUROAGENDA)................................ 23 2.10 MODERNISATION OF THE CENTRAL STATE ADMINISTRATION ....................................... 26 3. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC..................................... 30 3.1 TERRITORIAL ARRANGEMENT OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC................................................. 30 Fundamental Territorial Self-Governing Units (municipalities)..................................... 30 Higher Territorial Self-Governing Units (regions).......................................................... 30 Territorially Administrative Division............................................................................... 31 Municipality and Its Competencies.................................................................................. 32 Bodies of the Municipality........................................................................................... 32 Competence of the Municipality.................................................................................. 32 Delegated Powers and Categorisation of Municipalities ............................................. 33 3.2 REGIONS AND THEIR COMPETENCIES .............................................................................. 35 Bodies of the Region.................................................................................................... 35 Competence of the Region ........................................................................................... 35 3.3 SYSTEM OF INTERCONNECTION AND COORDINATION OF THE CENTRAL AND TERRITORIAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ..................................................................................................... 37 4. SYSTEM OF FINANCING OF THE TERRITORIAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND PUBLIC SECTOR........................................................................................................ 43 4.1 OWN RESOURCES OF THE TERRITORIAL SELF-GOVERNMENT ......................................... 43 4.2 OTHER FINANCIAL RESOURCES OF TERRITORIAL SELF-GOVERNMENT............................ 47 5. CONTROL MECHANISMS IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ........................ 51 5. CONTROL MECHANISMS IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ........................ 52 5.1. PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION CONTROL .............................................................................. 52 5.2. FINANCIAL CONTROL IN ACCORDANCE WITH INTERNATIONAL TREATIES...................... 52 5.3. INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEM......................................................................................... 52 3 5.4 REVIEW OF MANAGEMENT OF TERRITORIAL SELF-GOVERNING UNITS AND VOLUNTARY ASSOCIATIONS OF MUNICIPALITIES....................................................................................... 53 6. TOPICAL INTENTIONS SUPPORTING HIGHER EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TERRITORIAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION................................................................ 55 6.1 TOPICAL INTENTIONS SUPPORTING HIGHER EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TERRITORIAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION FROM A PERSPECTIVE OF ITS ARRANGEMENT........................................... 55 6.2 TOPICAL INTENTIONS SUPPORTING HIGHER EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TERRITORIAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION FROM A PERSPECTIVE OF INSTRUMENTS AND QUALITY METHODS ........... 55 6.3 PROBLEMS OF LOCAL PUBLIC SERVICES ......................................................................... 59 7. STATUS OF EMPLOYEES AND SYSTEM OF THEIR EDUCATION..................... 62 7.1 STATUS OF EMPLOYEES OF TERRITORIAL SELF-GOVERNING UNITS .............. 62 7.2 EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM OF OFFICIALS OF TERRITORIAL SELF-GOVERNING UNITS .................................................................................................................................. 65 7.3 EQUAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR MEN AND WOMEN................................................. 67 7.4 CORRUPTION FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION. 69 7.5 ETHICS AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION................................................................. 72 8. IMPLEMENTATION OF MODERN TECHNOLOGIES ............................................ 75 8.1 INFORMATISATION OF THE TERRITORIAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION ............................... 75 8.2 THE PROCESS APPROACH TO REALISATION OF OPTIMALISATION OF ACTIVITIES OF THE TERRITORIAL PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AUTHORITIES......................................................... 78 8.3 INFORMATION SYSTEM OF ADMINISTRATIVE AND TRANSPORT-ADMINISTRATIVE REGISTERS ............................................................................................................................ 78 8.4 SOME OTHER SELECTED PROJECTS AND ACTIVITIES OF EGOVERNMENT ........................ 80 Documents, biometrics..................................................................................................... 82 9. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION IN THE PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION........ 83 9.1 Representation of the Czech Republic in International Organisations Dealing with Systems of Public Administration..................................................................................... 83 9.2 Bilateral Relations in the Area of Public Administration .......................................... 90 10. INTEGRATION OF THE CZECH REPUBLIC TO THE EUROPEAN UNION .... 94 10.1 Historic Excursus from the 90th of the 20th Century................................................. 94 10.2 Creation of New Capacities for Fulfilment of Tasks Related with the Euroagenda 95 10.3 Accomplishment of Specific Tasks in the Past Period.............................................. 96 10.4 Coordination and Common Outputs of the Conference of Ministers and Informal Meeting of the General Directors Responsible for Public/State Administration in the European Union since 2003............................................................................................. 97 11. THE PRIMARY INTERNATIONAL PROJECTS AND THEIR IMPLEMENTATION............................................................................................................ 99 11.1 Implementation of Projects Financed from the Aid Programmes of the European Union................................................................................................................................ 99 11.2 The Phare Programme ............................................................................................. 99 11.3 Some Other Topical International Programmes in the Area of Public Administration................................................................................................................ 102 12. VOCABULARY – SELECTED TERMS....................................................................
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