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Wind Farm Development in Burgenland, Austria Daniel Obeler

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Wind Farm Development in Burgenland, Austria Daniel Obeler Wind Farm Development in Burgenland, Austria Daniel Obeler Submitted May 2015 In fulfillment of the requirements of the Master of Urban Planning Capstone Project and Network for European United States Regional and Urban Studies (NEURUS) Program Home University: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Host University: Wirtschaftsuniversität Wien (Vienna University of Economics and Business) Recognition Thank you to the following individuals for their assistance and support during this project: • Professor Brian Deal of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign • Professor Andrew Greenlee of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign • Professor Gunther Maier of the Vienna University of Economics and Business • The 2014-2015 NEURUS cohort Daniel Obeler –Master of Urban Planning Capstone/NEURUS 2014 – 2015 Wind Farm Development in Burgenland, Austria 2 Table of Contents Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... 6 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 7 Global Climate Change ............................................................................................................... 7 A Renewable Energy Future ....................................................................................................... 7 Emerging Changes to Electrical Grid Infrastructure and Utilities .............................................. 7 Research Question ....................................................................................................................... 8 Background ..................................................................................................................................... 9 Burgenland, Austria .................................................................................................................... 9 Figure 1 .................................................................................................................................. 10 Figure 2 .................................................................................................................................. 10 Increasing Levels of Renewable Energy Generation in Austria ............................................... 12 Figure 3 .................................................................................................................................. 12 Figure 4 .................................................................................................................................. 13 Figure 5 .................................................................................................................................. 13 Figure 6 .................................................................................................................................. 14 Table 1 ................................................................................................................................... 15 Table 2 ................................................................................................................................... 15 Figure 7 .................................................................................................................................. 16 Record-breaking Wind Power Development in Austria and Burgenland ................................. 16 Figure 8 .................................................................................................................................. 17 Figure 9 .................................................................................................................................. 17 Figure 10 ................................................................................................................................ 18 Literature ....................................................................................................................................... 19 Figure 11 ................................................................................................................................ 21 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. 23 Sustainability Frameworks Supporting the Research Methodology ......................................... 23 Figure 12 ................................................................................................................................ 25 Qualitative-Quantitative Case Study Approach ........................................................................ 25 Figure 14 ................................................................................................................................ 26 Daniel Obeler –Master of Urban Planning Capstone/NEURUS 2014 – 2015 Wind Farm Development in Burgenland, Austria 3 Table 3 ................................................................................................................................... 27 Policy Analysis ............................................................................................................................. 28 EU Energy and Electrical Grid Policy ...................................................................................... 28 Austrian Energy and Electrical Grid Policy .............................................................................. 32 Figure 15 ................................................................................................................................ 37 Burgenland Energy and Electrical Grid Policy ......................................................................... 38 Figure 16 ................................................................................................................................ 40 Stakeholder Interviews .................................................................................................................. 41 Advantageous Location ............................................................................................................. 41 Financial Feasibility of Development ....................................................................................... 44 Electrical Grid Infrastructure Requirements ............................................................................. 47 Environmental Sustainability Measures .................................................................................... 50 Spatial Planning Methods.......................................................................................................... 51 Stakeholder Engagement and Acceptance ................................................................................ 54 Political Commitment ............................................................................................................... 58 GIS Spatial Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 61 Wind Resource Potential ........................................................................................................... 61 Elevation .................................................................................................................................... 61 Land Use Considerations .......................................................................................................... 62 Land Use Considerations with EU Natura 2000 Sites .............................................................. 62 North Burgenland – Required Distance from Municipalities ................................................... 62 North Burgenland – Recommended Proximity to the APG Electrical Grid ............................. 63 Figure 17 ................................................................................................................................ 65 Figure 18 ................................................................................................................................ 66 Figure 19 ................................................................................................................................ 67 Figure 20 ................................................................................................................................ 68 Figure 21 ................................................................................................................................ 69 Figure 22 ................................................................................................................................ 70 Discussion ..................................................................................................................................... 71 The Wind Farm Development Process ...................................................................................... 71 Daniel Obeler –Master of Urban Planning Capstone/NEURUS 2014 – 2015 Wind Farm Development in Burgenland, Austria 4 Figure 23 ................................................................................................................................ 72 SWOT Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 72 Figure 24 ................................................................................................................................ 73 Research Limitations ................................................................................................................
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