Unofficial Translation CARICC WEEKLY SUMMARY (Based on Mass Media Reports)
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The Shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian National Identities, 1800S-1900S
The Shaping of Bulgarian and Serbian National Identities, 1800s-1900s February 2003 Katrin Bozeva-Abazi Department of History McGill University, Montreal A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy 1 Contents 1. Abstract/Resume 3 2. Note on Transliteration and Spelling of Names 6 3. Acknowledgments 7 4. Introduction 8 How "popular" nationalism was created 5. Chapter One 33 Peasants and intellectuals, 1830-1914 6. Chapter Two 78 The invention of the modern Balkan state: Serbia and Bulgaria, 1830-1914 7. Chapter Three 126 The Church and national indoctrination 8. Chapter Four 171 The national army 8. Chapter Five 219 Education and national indoctrination 9. Conclusions 264 10. Bibliography 273 Abstract The nation-state is now the dominant form of sovereign statehood, however, a century and a half ago the political map of Europe comprised only a handful of sovereign states, very few of them nations in the modern sense. Balkan historiography often tends to minimize the complexity of nation-building, either by referring to the national community as to a monolithic and homogenous unit, or simply by neglecting different social groups whose consciousness varied depending on region, gender and generation. Further, Bulgarian and Serbian historiography pay far more attention to the problem of "how" and "why" certain events have happened than to the emergence of national consciousness of the Balkan peoples as a complex and durable process of mental evolution. This dissertation on the concept of nationality in which most Bulgarians and Serbs were educated and socialized examines how the modern idea of nationhood was disseminated among the ordinary people and it presents the complicated process of national indoctrination carried out by various state institutions. -
Blood Ties: Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878
BLOOD TIES BLOOD TIES Religion, Violence, and the Politics of Nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 I˙pek Yosmaog˘lu Cornell University Press Ithaca & London Copyright © 2014 by Cornell University All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or parts thereof, must not be reproduced in any form without permission in writing from the publisher. For information, address Cornell University Press, Sage House, 512 East State Street, Ithaca, New York 14850. First published 2014 by Cornell University Press First printing, Cornell Paperbacks, 2014 Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Yosmaog˘lu, I˙pek, author. Blood ties : religion, violence,. and the politics of nationhood in Ottoman Macedonia, 1878–1908 / Ipek K. Yosmaog˘lu. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8014-5226-0 (cloth : alk. paper) ISBN 978-0-8014-7924-3 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Macedonia—History—1878–1912. 2. Nationalism—Macedonia—History. 3. Macedonian question. 4. Macedonia—Ethnic relations. 5. Ethnic conflict— Macedonia—History. 6. Political violence—Macedonia—History. I. Title. DR2215.Y67 2013 949.76′01—dc23 2013021661 Cornell University Press strives to use environmentally responsible suppliers and materials to the fullest extent possible in the publishing of its books. Such materials include vegetable-based, low-VOC inks and acid-free papers that are recycled, totally chlorine-free, or partly composed of nonwood fibers. For further information, visit our website at www.cornellpress.cornell.edu. Cloth printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Paperback printing 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 To Josh Contents Acknowledgments ix Note on Transliteration xiii Introduction 1 1. -
Ethnic Stereotypes and Prejudices of Young People in the Period 2004-2012
Bulgarian Journal of Science and Education Policy (BJSEP), Volume 9, Number 1, 2015 STUDY OF ETHNIC STEREOTYPE OF YOUNG BULGARIANS Zornitza GANEVA University of Sofia, BULGARIA Abstract. Ethnic stereotypes and prejudices as terms were examined from the point of view of the social identity theory (Tajfel, 1981). The results from a carried out longitudinal survey of stereotype and prejudices of young people of Bulgarian origin (n=1154; 453 men and 701 women; average age 21.7 years) in 6 time intervals: in 2004, 2006, 2008, 2010, 2012 and 2014, towards the in-group and the representatives of the main ethnic minorities: Turks, Roma and Jews, were presented. Through free associations, the relation between stereotypes and attitudes was studied in two social contexts: personal and community. The results show that the assessment of the minority groups is more positive in the former than in the latter context. The persons studied perceive most negatively the representatives of the Romani ethnos, more weakly negatively the Turks, and the attitudes towards the Jews are positive. Keywords: longitudinal survey, ethnic stereotypes, ethnic prejudices, ethnic identity Introduction Bulgaria, as a part of the old continent of Europe, and because of its crossroad situation on the Balkan Peninsula, is a variegated, multi-coloured 46 mosaic of various ethnic groups, languages and cultures. These groups are interdependent and in constant interaction. Phenomena, events, conflicts on ethnic bases, which take place in a given territory, exert increasingly great influence on close and distant countries. The mutual influence and the de- pendence among the nations in the world are an increasingly obvious and in- disputable fact. -
Europe`S Population Change 2007-2050 LATVIA RUSSIAN FEDERATION -22.4% -24.3%
About the authors: Imprint Assoc. Prof. Georgi Burdarov is a PhD in Geography of the population and settlements, Head of the Department of Socio-economic Geography and Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Responsible: Geology and Geography of Sofia University "St. Helene Kortländer | Director, FES Bulgaria Kliment Ohridski ", expert in demography and Tel.: +359 2 980 8747 | Fax: +359 2 980 2438 Horizon 2030 ethno-religious conflicts. http://www.fes-bulgaria.org Horizon 2030 Assoc. Prof. Dr. Nadezhda Ilieva, PhD, is Head of Orders the Department Section of Economic and Social DemographicDemographic TendenciesTendencies Geography of the Department of Geography at the National Institute of Geophysics, Geodesy and Commercial use of all media published by the Geography at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences. Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung (FES) is not permitted without the written consent of the FES. inin BulgariaBulgaria © Cover foto: Ivan Stoimenov Sofia, 2018 Georgi Bardarov Nadezhda Ilieva The views expressed in this publication are not necessarily ISBN 978-954-2979-39-5 those of the Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung or of the organization for which the author works. HORIZON 2030 DEMOGRAPHIC TENDENCIES IN BULGARIA Content 1. Abstract . 2 2. Introduction . 3 3. Dynamics and Development of the Population of Bulgaria since the Beginning of the 21st century . 4 4. Contemporary demographic trends, and reproductive and migratory attitudes in Europe . 6 5. Demographic Measures and Policies in Europe . 11 6. Demographic Trends and Processes in Bulgaria and Demographic Forecast up to 2030. Territorial peculiarities . 13 6 .1 Methodology . 14 6 .2 Demographic Forecast of the Population of Bulgaria . Territorial Features . .. 15 6 .3 Regional Features in the Depopulation Processes . -
Macedonia: a Secular Conflict Area
Document Analysis 47/2015 September 30, 2015 Pedro Sánchez Herráez Macedonia: a secular conflict area Visit the WEBSITE Receive Electronic Newsletter This document has been translated by a Translation and Interpreting Degree student doing work experience, ENRIQUE GARCÍA, under the auspices of the Collaboration Agreement between the Universidad Pontificia Comillas, Madrid, and the Spanish Institute of Strategic Studies. Macedonia: a secular conflict area Abstract: Macedonia, a small country located in the heart of the Balkans, has a capital importance in allowing the flow of people and resources to and from Europe, given the difficult terrain in the area. This old reality has had great influence in the development of a rich and complex history that is marked by wars over the control of the territory –for the larger area known as Macedonia region in which this nation is included-. They are so intense that in the nineteenth century the term “Macedonian question” was created as a way to define an array of almost-permanent disputes. A brief review of the dynamics of this land, culminating in the birth of today´s Macedonia, and formulating a question in the framework of the final conclusions, structure the present analysis. Keywords: Macedonia, internal disputes, external disputes, communication routes, key terrain, Powers, Empires, “Macedonian question”, Balkans. Analytical Document 47/2015 1 MACEDONIA: A SECULAR CONFLICT AREA Pedro Sánchez Herráez Introduction Even though Macedonia avoided the war clouds that hit the territory of the former Yugoslavia during the 1990s and led to both the extinction of the so-called “Yugoslav experiment”, which was fortunate for some and a failure for others,1 and to the creation of independent states that were former federated republics; it cannot be concluded that its territory has not been subjected to numerous tensions and conflicts, for both endogenous and exogenous issues. -
Marketing Strategy En
MARKETING STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT AND POSITIONING OF NEW JOINT TOURISTM PRODUCT IN THE CROSS-BORDER REGION ROMANIA - BULGARIA Performed by the "TVV" Ltd. within the project " Balloon Adventure - a new joint tourism product", project code 15.2.1.058, funded by INTERREG A V-Romania-Bulgaria, financed by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund www.interregrobg.eu Съдържанието на този материал не представлява непременно официалната позиция на Европейския съюз 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. Introduction 2. Situation Analysis 2.1. Description of the tourist product 2.2. Description of sites for flying 2.3. Data on population and tourism in the region 2.4. Description of the market 2.5. Challenges before the product 2.6. Competitive advantages 3. Development of targeted market 3.1. Market segmentation 3.2. Definition of target groups and positioning 4. Price Strategy 5. Distribution Strategy 6. Promotional Strategy 6.1. Design concept for branding - logos, visuals and messages 6.2. Concept for advertising materials /website, social networks, videos, photo album, brochure, flyer/ 6.3. Concept for the presentation of tourism fairs 7. SWOT Analysis 8. Strategy for product development 9. Plan for implementation of the marketing strategy 10. Bibliography 2 1. INTRODUCTION The purpose of this marketing strategy is to develop a system of tools, including both the resources provided in the implementation of financed project, and additional tools to position themselves properly the cross-border product and to answer a series of questions related to its marketing. Marketing strategy is developed under the project "Balloon Adventure - a new joint tourism product", which is implemented under INTERREG V-A, funded by the EU through the European Regional Development Fund and co-financing by Romania and Bulgaria. -
Proquest Dissertations
THE LONG TRANSITION: PLURALISM, THE MARKET AND THE BULGARIAN MEDIA 20 YEARS AFTER COMMUNISM by Velina Nacheva A thesis submitted to The Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Journalism School of Journalism and Communication Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario December 2008 Library and Bibliotheque et 1*1 Archives Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de I'edition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Ottawa ON K1A0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-47531-7 Our file Notre reference ISBN: 978-0-494-47531-7 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library permettant a la Bibliotheque et Archives and Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par telecommunication ou par Plntemet, prefer, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des theses partout dans loan, distribute and sell theses le monde, a des fins commerciales ou autres, worldwide, for commercial or non sur support microforme, papier, electronique commercial purposes, in microform, et/ou autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L'auteur conserve la propriete du droit d'auteur ownership and moral rights in et des droits moraux qui protege cette these. this thesis. Neither the thesis Ni la these ni des extraits substantiels de nor substantial extracts from it celle-ci ne doivent etre imprimes ou autrement may be printed or otherwise reproduits sans son autorisation. -
The Patchwork of Bulgarian Media *
Global Media Journal—Polish Edition No 1 (4), 2008 Lilia Raycheva St. Kliment Okhridsky University of Sofia * The Patchwork of Bulgarian Media To understand the profound transformation in the mass media system and its development trends in Bulgaria, one should go back to the roots of political upheaval after the fall of the Berlin wall. The collapse of the totalitarian regime in the country brought about significant changes across the entire social system. For over four decades the Communist Party * The topic has been analyzed by the author in the following publications: Television in Bulgaria on the Net . A chapter in: Nikos Leandros (Ed.) “The Impact of Internet on the Mass Media in Europe” (2006). Abramis, Bury St. Edmunds, Suffolk (UK and USA), pp. 503-513; Fifteen Years of Televised Political Advertising in Bulgaria . A chapter in: Lynda Lee Kaid & Christina Holtz-Bacha (eds.) “The Sage Handbook of Political Advertising” (2006). Sage Publications, Thousand Oaks (Ca), USA, pp. 359-375; Bulgaria: The Online Mirror Image of the Printed Newspapers. A chapter in: Richard van der Wurft & Edmund Laut (eds.) „Print and Online Newspapers in Europe. A Comparative Analysis in 16 countries“ (2005), Her Sprinhuis Publishers, Amsterdam (The Netherlands), pp. 67-78; Mass Media’s Changing Landscape in Bulgaria. Co-authored with Todor Petev. A chapter in: David Paletz and Karol Jakubowicz (Eds.) “Business as Usual. Continuity and Change in Central and Eastern Europe” (2003). Hampton Press, Inc. Cresskill, New Jersey USA, pp. 73-109; Mass Media in Bulgaria. A Source Book (2003) Dortmund: ENTIRE – Working Papers in International Journalism, pp.44; The Challenges of Internet Media to Traditional Media System in Bulgaria A chapter in: “Towards New Media Paradigms: Content, Producers, Organisations and Audiences” (2003). -
Black Sea Coast
© Lonely Planet Publications 212 lonelyplanet.com SOUTHERN COAST •• Burgas 213 Climate History In summer, the climate is warm and mild, Evidence of Bronze Age and Thracian set- Black Sea Coast so it’s obviously the best – and the busiest – tlements have been found in the area, while time to visit. The average temperature is a Greek colonists from Apollonia (modern- warm 23°C, but sea breezes keep it cool. day Sozopol) expanded their territory into During winter the temperature rarely drops the Burgas region as far back as the 6th below freezing, but at least once a season a century BC. Later, the Romans came along storm (or three) howls in from the Black Sea and Emperor Vespasian founded a city here, For most foreign package-tourists, the Black Sea coast is Bulgaria, and the big, purpose-built and buries the coast in snow. named Deultum, in the 1st century AD. resorts here are becoming serious rivals to Spain and Greece in attracting international The name Burgas first appeared on maps holidaymakers. Many, of course, simply fly in, splash about and fly out again without seeing Media in the 17th century, when fisher folk from the wider region settled here. The city grew anything beyond the parasols and jet skis, but independent travellers will find plenty of places Programata (www.programata.bg) Free weekly listings magazine, in Bulgarian only, covering bars, clubs, restau- quickly after the completion of the railway to explore, including empty beaches to the south and north, the bird-filled Burgas Lakes, rants, cinemas and museums in Varna, Burgas and other from Plovdiv (1890) and the development of beautiful ancient towns such as Nesebâr and Sozopol and one of Bulgaria’s most attractive coastal towns. -
Implications for Freedom of Speech
Ownership Irregularities in Bulgarian Private Mass Media: Implications for Freedom of Speech By Andrey Anastassov Submitted to Central European University Department of Political Science In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Supervisor: Professor Lina Dencik CEU eTD Collection Budapest, Hungary 2012 Abstract Bulgarian private mass media experiences increasing problems with ownership. They suffer from concentration, monopolization, hidden agenda and suppression of freedom of speech. Numerous experts have discussed the tendency in their reports on the media environment in the country. This paper offers a further academic contribution to the problems, characterizing the field. In addition, the research features interviews with journalists who are directly affected by the developments in their media and a featured content analysis, based on a Foundation Media Democracy monitoring report for 2011. CEU eTD Collection i Acknowledgements I would like to thank my brother Hristo Anastassov, without whose guidance I would not even begin working on this project, and my supervisor Professor Lina Dencik, for her understanding, inspiration and support. I am also grateful to the anonymous journalists A, B, J, H, X, and Z, whose interviews comprised the most innovative findings in the research. CEU eTD Collection ii Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................................................... i Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................... -
MIT SUMMIT from Skiing, Snowboarding and Mountaineering Experiences
Bulgaria boasts the full range of terrains, landscapes and opportunities for adventure any outdoor enthusiast may dream of. Mountains rising over 2,900 m, more FROM SUMMIT than 200 mountain lodges and over 300 alpine lakes, clearwater rivers and canyons, tens of thousands of kilometres of marked hiking trails, a well-developed system of TO SEA protected areas, and more than 300 km of coastline. ADVENTURE TRAVEL ADVENTURE TRAVEL ADVENTURE Every time of the year brings new adventure. In spring we open the rafting, kayaking and FOUR canyoning season along high-water rivers, we climb old and new routes, we marvel at the sheer scale of bird migration, and we pitch camp for a long, nine-month season that’s also great for SEASONS cycling throughout. In summer we hike through cool ancient forests, we balance on challenging rocky arêtes, we fly, we surf, we dive and enjoy plunging in water. In autumn we are still high up in the mountains, hiking and trekking, and we continue camping. Winter rewards us with great skiing, snowboarding and mountaineering experiences. bulgariatravel.org ADVENTURE TRAVEL bulgariatravel.org 360mag.bg hiking-bulgaria.com stenata.com 2021 ADVENTURE TRAVEL IN BULGARIA - AIR - CONTENTS 74 PARA-/ HANG GLIDING Sopot 75 SKYDIVING Montana - HIGHLIGHTS - 76 BUNGEE 6 FROM SEA TO SUMMIT 77 HOT-AIR BALLOONS FOUR SEASONS 8 - MOUNTAINS - - CYCLING - 32 NATURAL DIVERSITY 58 MARKED/TRACKED ROAD AND MOUNTAIN BIKE ROUTES 34 MOUNTAIN LODGES AND SPORTS CENTRES Rudopia Belmeken High-Altitude Sports Complex Trans- Rhodope Bike Trail Malyovitsa -
HEALTH TOURISM in BULGARIA Outpatient Services, Health Cures, Medical SPA & Wellness at a Glance in the HEART of BULGARIA
HEALTH TOURISM IN BULGARIA Outpatient Services, Health Cures, Medical SPA & Wellness At a glance IN THE HEART OF BULGARIA BULGARIA’S BLACK SEA COAST 24. Velingrad Municipality .................... p.46 25. Hotel SPA Club Bor ....................... p.48 1. Sts. Constantine and Helena .................p.8 26. Balneo Hotel Sveti Spas ................... p.50 2. Aquahouse Thermal and Beach .............p.9 27. SPA Hotel Rich ............................ p.52 3. Astor Garden Hotel ......................... p.10 28. Velina Spa Hotel .......................... p.54 4. Azalia Hotel Balneo and SPA ................p.11 29. “Orpheus” SPA Complex - Devin .......... p.56 What comes to mind when you hear the word ‘wellness’? 5. Balneo & Spa Hotel The Palace, 30. SPA Hotel Persenk ....................... p.58 Sunny Day Resort ........................... p.12 31. Hotel Orlovetz – Pamporovo ............. p.60 Probably a feeling of being released from stress, relaxing, 6. Atlas Hotel .................................. p.14 32. Hotel Perelik – Pamporovo ................ p.61 enjoying yourself. The basic of understanding wellness is a 7. Astera Hotel and SPA ....................... p.15 33. SPA Hotel Hissar .......................... p.62 holistic lifestyle. But with the focus on your health. We would 8. Grifid Encanto Beach ....................... p.16 34. Hotel Sevtopolis Medical and SPA ........ p.64 9. SPA and Sport Complex Therma Village ... p.18 like to present you our highly recommended wellness hotels. 10. Albena .................................... p.20 Contact Information .......................... p.66 We want to invite you to discover your personal medical 11. Topola Skies Resort and Aquapark ....... p.22 therapy plan and learn how to take care of yourself – for an 12. Saint George Spa Hotel ................... p.24 approach to live your life healthier. We hope you enjoy 13.