DOCSLIB.ORG

Innvictis Quick Reference

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

INNVICTIS QUICK REFERENCE INSECTICIDES RED PRODUCT LINE: INSECTICIDES PRODUCT: DESCRIPTION: AI: SIMILAR TO: LIVID™ 90 PRILL is a dispersible granule used as an LIVID® 90 PRILL insecticide for control of pests on selected agricultural Acephate Acephate crops and in certain non-crop areas Prills dissolve readily into spray solution and stays in LIVID® 97 PRILL suspension without the possibility of plugging spray Acephate Acephate nozzles Highly active systemic insecticide for soil and foliar PROVOKE™ applications with the most broad crop label for control of Imidacloprid TriMax™ piercing and sucking pests ® Broad spectrum, economical insecticide with a versatile ® RAVAGE crop label Lambda Cy Karate ™ Longest residual, broadest spectrum insecticide in the ® ® REVEAL pyrethroid family Bifenthrin Brigade /Capture ™ Chlorpyrifos based insecticide with strong activity on ™ VESPER aphids, mites and worms Chlorpyrifos Lorsban PREMIUM INSECTICIDES AVENGER™ Combination of the strongest pyrethroid and most Bifenthrin, PROPRIETARY ™ versatile neonicotinoid, and provides maximum control S3 of sucking and chewing pests to optimize yield Imidacloprid FORMULATION AVENGER™ Combination insecticide designed to maximize both Bifenthrin, PROPRIETARY ™ systemic activity and knockdown for maximum control BOLD S3 of sucking and chewing pests Imidacloprid FORMULATION ® NIRVANA® Pre-formulated mixture of NIRVANA and bifenthrin ® insecticide. The most compatible insecticide formulation NIRVANA, PROPRIETARY RTU for mixing with starter fertilizers Bifenthrin FORMULATION REVEAL™ More surface contact with leaf surface and pest, PROPRIETARY ™ resulting in the fastest, most consistent control in Bifenthrin ENDURX adverse conditions FORMULATION ™ VOLTAGE Three way combination of ENDURX , tank-mix Chlorpyrifos, PROPRIETARY ® compatible with other pesticides, nutrients and adjuvants ENDURX in a user friendly formulation Bifenthrin FORMULATION 2017 * Pending Registration 1 PGR'S MAROON PRODUCT LINE: PGR'S PRODUCT: DESCRIPTION: AI: SIMILAR TO: QUIVER™ Fast, effective cotton defoliant Tribuphos Folex® 6 EC ® Plant growth regulator for cotton which speeds harvest ® VACATE and reduces trash in lint Thidiazuron Takedown SC ™ ™ A proven boll opener, VELOUR will help increase ® VELOUR harvestable yield and promote earliness Ethephon Super Boll ™ Plant growth regulator which allows cotton growers to ® VETO effectively manage their cotton Mepiquat Pix PREMIUM PGR'S ® NIRVANA® Pre-formulated mixture of NIRVANA with biostimulate. ® Mixes with EC insecticides and fungicides to protect the NIRVANA, PROPRIETARY BIO plant, promote root growth and seedling vigor Bifenthrin FORMULATION ARRIVE™ Enhances seed germination and increases root mass, Cytokinin, vegetative growth and physiological efficiency for more GIBBERELLIC ACID, Ascend® PLUS nutrient extraction and uptake 3-indolebutyric acid FUNGICIDES ORANGE PRODUCT LINE: FUNGICIDES PRODUCT: DESCRIPTION: AI: SIMILAR TO: ® Azoxystrobin based, broad spectrum fungicide for use ® TREVO FUNGICIDE on a wide range of fruits, vegetables, nuts, and others Azoxystrobin Quadris ™ Workhorse fungicide from the triazole family with ® VIBE curative and preventive capabilities Tebuconazole Folicur Cost-effective triazole fungicide option that allows crops VIGIL™ to achieve maximum yield potential, while improving Propiconazole Tilt®, Bumper® crop quality PREMIUM FUNGICIDES CROSSOVER® Insecticide/ fungicide combination with controls of both insects and disease. Offers versatility on corn, cotton, Propiconazole, PROPRIETARY PRO soybeans, sunflowers, wheat, barley and cucurbits Lambda cy FORMULATION OVERRULE® provides both broad spectrum curative OVERRULE® and preventative control to fight diseases in soybeans, T-Methyl, PROPRIETARY peanuts, beans, pecans and fall seeded wheat Tebuconazole FORMULATION ® ® TREVO P has two modes of action and can be applied Azoxystrobin + ® TREVO P to a wide range of crops Propiconazole QuiltXcel Three active ingredients with preventative and curative T-Methyl, TREVO® PACKED activity to offer long-lasting control of foliar diseases Tebuconazole, PROPRIETARY against white mold, frogeye leaf spot, rust and others Azoxystrobin FORMULATION TREVO® TRZ is a broad-spectrum, preventive fungicide TREVO® TRZ with systemic and curative properties containing 2 active Tetraconazole, PROPRIETARY ingredients, tetraconazole and azoxystrobin Azoxystrobin FORMULATION INNVICTIS QUICK REFERENCE * Pending Registration 2 HERBICIDES GREEN PRODUCT LINE: HERBICIDES PRODUCT: DESCRIPTION: AI: SIMILAR TO: ™ Foundation herbicide for corn, milo, and many other ® ATRA-V 4L crops Atrazine 4L Aatrex Most commonly used AI for post emergence grass AVATAR™ herbicide labeled for soybeans, cotton, peanuts and Clethodim Select® many others Preemergent control of annual grasses and broadleaves CIVIC™ 3ME in rice, cotton, soybeans, and tobacco with season long Clomazone Command® 3ME residual Thifensulfuron- ™ ® CIVILITY™ EXTRA Outstanding broadleaf weed control and rotational methyl, Tribenuron- Dupont Harmony flexibility in wheat barley and triticale methyl Extra ™ Preemerge herbicide for control of annual grass and R-Metolachlor + RAVINE * broadleaf weeds in field corn, seed corn, sweet corn, Mesotrione + Lexar® (THIS IS AN ALTITUDE PRODUCT) yellow popcorn and grain sorghum Atrazine ™ Broad spectrum grass and broadleaf weed killer in a ® DERIVE 75 DF wide variety of crops Metribuzin Sencor Group 5 herbicide for use on a broad spectrum of DERIVE™ 4L grass and broadleaf weeds and can be used pre and Metribuzin Metribuzin 4L postemergence for foliar and soil applications DEVOUR® Non selective, broad spectrum burndown herbicide Paraquat Gramoxone® For postemergent weed control in sugarcane, turf, DIVULGE™ ornamentals, Christmas tree plantings and non- Asulam Asulox® cropland ™ Fully loaded glyphosate formulation with a broad crop ® ENVY label Glyphosate RoundUp HAVOC™ AMINE Selective broadleaf weed killer 2,4-D Amine 2,4-D Amine HAVOC™ LV FOUR Low volatility 2,4-D ester 2,4-D Ester 2,4-D Ester ™ Low volatility 2,4-D ester. 6 Lb per gallon formulation. HAVOC LV SIX Easier to handle higher concentration ester 2,4-D Ester 2,4-D Ester ™ Broadleaf herbicide for use in peanuts, soybeans and ® LEVITY rice Acifluorfen Ultra Blazer ™ Pendimethalin based herbicide provides long-lasting, ® PAVILION dependable, broad-spectrum residual weed control Pendimethalin Prowl 3.3 EC ™ Systemic control for grass and broadleaf weeds in rice, ® QUINVAC 75 DF wheat and sorghum Quinclorac Facet 75 DF Selective postemerge control of annual and perennial STAVE™* broadleaf weeds in wheat, barley, oats, field corn, Fluroxypyr Starane® Ultra grain, sorghum and CRP ™ ™ Pre or post emerge herbicide for control of broadleaf Bellum UNDERCOVER weeds in corn, sorghum and sugarcane Mesotrione Callisto® ® Broadleaf herbicide with contact and residual control ® VAMOS for soybeans Fomesafen Flexstar Sulfentrazone based selective herbicide for post VANDAL® 4SC emergent broadleaf weed control especially ALS Sulfentrazone Spartan® resistant weeds ® Two modes of action to control small seeded broadleaf Sulfentrazone, ® VANDAL IMI weeds and grasses in soybeans and peanuts Imazethapyr Authority Assist PPI or preemergence herbicide for broad spectrum VANDAL® MOC* grass and broadleaf weed control in soybeans and Sulfentrazone + Authority® Elite sunflowers R-Metolachlor ® Two modes of action for broad spectrum control of Sulfentrazone, ® VANDAL XL broadleaf weeds in soybeans with excellent crop safety Chlorimuron Authority XL INNVICTIS QUICK REFERENCE * Pending Registration 3 HERBICIDES HERBICIDES (CONT'D) PRODUCT: DESCRIPTION: AI: SIMILAR TO: ™ Broad spectrum herbicide for spring and fall burndown Flumioxazin, ™ VARSITY D programs 2, 4-D Acid Panther Duo Residual control of susceptible weeds in cotton, VARSITY™ WGD dry beans, field corn, peanuts, potatoes, soybeans, Flumioxazin Valor® SX sugarcane and wheat A water-soluble formulation for control and VERITAS™ LV suppression of many annual, biennial, and perennial Dicamba Clarity® broadleaf weeds ™ Metolachlor, fomesafen combo which controls a series Metolachlor + ® VICE of species in soybeans Fomesafen Prefix Pre and post emerge herbicide for control of annual VILLAIN™* grass and broadleaf weeds in field corn, seed corn, R-Metolachlor + Zemax® sweet corn, yellow popcorn and grain sorghum Mesotrione ® Broad spectrum, atrazine based herbicide for field Atrazine, ® VISOR ATZ and popcorn Metolachlor Bicep II ® Foundation herbicide for cotton, soybeans, peanuts ® VISOR BROADCROP and others Metolachlor Dual 8E ® Foundation herbicide for use in field corn and sweet ® VISOR CRN popcorn Metolachlor Dual II Metolachlor based herbicide. Foundation herbicide for VISOR® S-MOC cotton, soybeans, peanuts and other crops. Controls Metolachlor Dual® Magnum grasses and certain broadleaf weeds ® ® Metolachlor based herbicide + safener for use in field, Metolachlor + Dual II VISOR S-MOC II sweet, popcorn. Flexible foundation herbicide for corn Safener Magnum Metolachlor plus atrazine based herbicide + safener VISOR® S-MOC ATZ for corn. Broad spectrum base herbicide for field and Metolachlor, Bicep® II Magnum popcorn Atrazine PREMIUM HERBICIDES ™ ™ The only premium 2 lb per gallon proprietary clethodim PROPRIETARY AVATAR S2 based herbicide on the market Clethodim FORMULATION Highly active 4 lb glyphosate based formulation with an ENVY™ INTENSE outstanding surfactant package built in. Ideal for tough Glyphosate PROPRIETARY control conditions FORMULATION Has fast translocation
Recommended publications
  • 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

    2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid

    2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid IUPAC (2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid name 2,4-D Other hedonal names trinoxol Identifiers CAS [94-75-7] number SMILES OC(COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl)=O ChemSpider 1441 ID Properties Molecular C H Cl O formula 8 6 2 3 Molar mass 221.04 g mol−1 Appearance white to yellow powder Melting point 140.5 °C (413.5 K) Boiling 160 °C (0.4 mm Hg) point Solubility in 900 mg/L (25 °C) water Related compounds Related 2,4,5-T, Dichlorprop compounds Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is a common systemic herbicide used in the control of broadleaf weeds. It is the most widely used herbicide in the world, and the third most commonly used in North America.[1] 2,4-D is also an important synthetic auxin, often used in laboratories for plant research and as a supplement in plant cell culture media such as MS medium. History 2,4-D was developed during World War II by a British team at Rothamsted Experimental Station, under the leadership of Judah Hirsch Quastel, aiming to increase crop yields for a nation at war.[citation needed] When it was commercially released in 1946, it became the first successful selective herbicide and allowed for greatly enhanced weed control in wheat, maize (corn), rice, and similar cereal grass crop, because it only kills dicots, leaving behind monocots. Mechanism of herbicide action 2,4-D is a synthetic auxin, which is a class of plant growth regulators.
  • Finca+Slow+Permaculture.Pdf

    Finca+Slow+Permaculture.Pdf

    Farming and Smallholding © Johanna McTiernan Dan McTiernan describes how regenerative agriculture is transforming olive groves in Spain and introduces © Johanna McTiernan transnational cropshare Restoring Agriculture in the Mediterranean “It’s not just that traditional Mediter- Together with our friends, who own healthy, perennial Mediterranean crops heavy input, bare-earth paradigm ranean agriculture isn’t sustainable a similar piece of land, and working that can’t be grown in Britain easily. of agriculture that is having such a ... it isn’t even viable on any level in partnership with IPM, we have If managed holistically, olives, nut destructive impact on the environ- anymore!” That was one of the first started Terra CSA, a multi-farm com- bearing trees such as almonds, and ment and the climate. All other things Richard Wade of Instituto munity supported agriculture project vine products like red wine, are about non-cold-pressed seed oils require Permacultura Montsant (IPM) said using permaculture and regenerative as perennial and sustainable as crops high levels of processing involving to us during our six month intern- agriculture to build soil and deliver come. We want the UK to still be heat and solvents in the extraction ship with him here in the south of olive oil, almonds and wine direct to able to access these incredibly process that are energy and resource Catalunya, Spain. cropshare members in the UK. nutritious products alongside the heavy and questionable in terms of With his doom laden words still Having been involved in community need to relocalise as much of our health to people and the planet.
  • Fungicides, Bactericides, and Nematicides Not All Chemicals Listed Are Recommended Or Currently Registered for Use

    Fungicides, Bactericides, and Nematicides Not All Chemicals Listed Are Recommended Or Currently Registered for Use

    FUNGICIDES, BACTERICIDES, AND NEMATICIDES Not all chemicals listed are recommended or currently registered for use. See listings for individual crops for recommended uses. Common or Trade or Fungicide Trade Name Common Name Action* Group #** Use Abound azoxystrobin B, F, Ls, P 11 Effective against a large number of fungi including powdery and downy mildews. Severe phytotoxicity on apples with a McIntosh heritage. Absolute tebuconazole + B, C, F, Ls, P 3 + 11 For rust and powdery mildew control in grasses trifloxystrobin grown for seed in the PNW. Academy fludioxonil + difenoconazole B-N, F, P 12 + 3 Postharvest fungicide. Accrue spiroxamine F, N, P 5 Discontinued. acibenzolar-S-methyl Actigard, Blockade A P1 Labeled for certain vegetable crops and fruit. (Heritage Action) Acquire metalaxyl Fs, N, P, S 4 For seed treatment to control ooymcetes in specified row crops and vegetables. Acrobat dimethomorph F, P 40 Discontinued. Acrobat MZ dimethomorph + F, P 40 + M3 Discontinued. mancozeb Acti-dione cycloheximide F Discontinued. Antibiotic and fungicide. Actigard acibenzolar-S-methyl A P1 Labeled for certain vegetable crops and fruit. Actinovate Streptomyces lydicus F NC Filamentous bacteria as a Biological control agent. Actino-Iron Streptomyces lydicus F, P NC For control of soilborne pathogens of indoor/outdoor ornamentals and vegetable crops. Adament tebuconazole + trifloxystrobin B, C, F, Ls, P 3 + 11 Discontinued. Adorn fluopicolide F, N, P 43 Ornamental label for control of oomycetes. Must be tank-mixed with another fungicide. Affirm Polyoxin D zinc salt F 19 Antibiotic active against certain fungi and bacteria. Aframe azoxystrobin B-N, C, F, Ls, P 11 Another generic fungicide for many diseases.
  • A Sustainable Agricultural Future Relies on the Transition to Organic Agroecological Pest Management

    A Sustainable Agricultural Future Relies on the Transition to Organic Agroecological Pest Management

    sustainability Review A Sustainable Agricultural Future Relies on the Transition to Organic Agroecological Pest Management Lauren Brzozowski 1 and Michael Mazourek 1,2,* ID 1 Section of Plant Breeding and Genetics, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; [email protected] 2 David R. Atkinson Center for Sustainable Future, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 21 April 2018; Accepted: 11 June 2018; Published: 15 June 2018 Abstract: The need to improve agricultural sustainability to secure yields, minimize environmental impacts and buffer environmental change is widely recognized. Investment in conventional agriculture has supported its present yield advantage. However, organic agriculture with agroecological management has nascent capacity for sustainable production and for increasing yields in the future. Conventional systems have leveraged reductionist approaches to address pests, primarily through pesticides that seek to eliminate biological factors that reduce yield, but come at a cost to human and ecosystem health, and leave production systems vulnerable to the development of pest resistance to these chemicals or traits. Alternatives are needed, and are found in organic production approaches. Although both organic and agroecology approaches encompass more than pest management, this aspect is a pivotal element of our agricultural future. Through increased investment and application of emerging analytical approaches to improve plant breeding for and management of these systems, yields and resilience will surpass approaches that address components alone. Keywords: organic agriculture; agroecology; pest management; plant breeding; biodiversity; sustainability; host plant resistance; pesticides 1. Achieving Needs for Agricultural Productivity and Pest Management Sustainably There is broad recognition among agricultural scientists that a growing world population will consume greater amounts of food and fiber with fewer resources available for production [1].
  • Growth Regulation and Other Secondary Effects of Herbicides Edivaldo D

    Growth Regulation and Other Secondary Effects of Herbicides Edivaldo D

    Weed Science 2010 58:351–354 Growth Regulation and Other Secondary Effects of Herbicides Edivaldo D. Velini, Maria L. B. Trindade, Luis Rodrigo M. Barberis, and Stephen O. Duke* As all herbicides act on pathways or processes crucial to plants, in an inhibitory or stimulatory way, low doses of any herbicide might be used to beneficially modulate plant growth, development, or composition. Glyphosate, the most used herbicide in the world, is widely applied at low rates to ripen sugarcane. Low rates of glyphosate also can stimulate plant growth (this effect is called hormesis). When applied at recommended rates for weed control, glyphosate can inhibit rust diseases in glyphosate-resistant wheat and soybean. Fluridone blocks carotenoid biosynthesis by inhibition of phytoene desaturase and is effective in reducing the production of abscisic acid in drought-stressed plants. Among the acetolactate synthase inhibitors, sulfometuron-methyl is widely used to ripen sugarcane and imidazolinones can be used to suppress turf species growth. The application of protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors can trigger plant defenses against pathogens. Glufosinate, a glutamine synthetase inhibitor, is also known to improve the control of plant diseases. Auxin agonists (i.e., dicamba and 2,4-D) are effective, low-cost plant growth regulators. Currently, auxin agonists are still used in tissue cultures to induce somatic embryogenesis and to control fruit ripening, to reduce drop of fruits, to enlarge fruit size, or to extend the harvest period in citrus orchards. At low doses, triazine herbicides stimulate growth through beneficial effects on nitrogen metabolism and through auxin-like effects. Thus, sublethal doses of several herbicides have applications other than weed control.
  • MP467 Arkansas Small Fruit Management Schedule 2021

    MP467 Arkansas Small Fruit Management Schedule 2021

    DIVISION OF AGRICULTURE RESEARCH & EXTENSION MP467 University of Arkansas System Arkansas Small Fruit Management Schedule 2021 University of Arkansas, United States Department of Agriculture, and County Governments Cooperating Table of Contents Page Authors ......................................................................................................... 3 Disclaimer....................................................................................................... 4 Poison Control Center and Pesticide Spill Phone Numbers ................................................................ 4 Grapes – Commercial Growers ...................................................................................... 5 Grapes – Commercial Growers – Weed Control ......................................................................... 12 Blueberries – Commercial Growers ................................................................................... 15 Blueberries – Commercial Growers – Weed Control...................................................................... 18 Strawberries – Plasticulture – Commercial Growers ...................................................................... 21 Strawberries – Commercial Growers – Weed Control..................................................................... 24 Blackberries/Raspberries – Commercial Growers ........................................................................ 26 Blackberries/Raspberries – Commercial Growers – Weed Control..........................................................
  • Specimen Label • Long-Sleeved Shirt and Long Pants • Shoes Plus Socks

    Specimen Label • Long-Sleeved Shirt and Long Pants • Shoes Plus Socks

    Handlers who may be exposed to the diluted product through application or other tasks must wear: Specimen Label • Long-sleeved shirt and long pants • Shoes plus socks. Handlers who may be exposed to the concentrate through mixing, loading, application, or other tasks must wear: • Coveralls over short-sleeved shirt and short pants • Chemical-resistant gloves such as butyl rubber, nitrile rubber, neoprene rubber or PVC • Chemical-resistant footwear plus socks • Protective eyewear • Chemical-resistant headgear for overhead exposure • Chemical-resistant apron when cleaning equipment, mixing or loading Discard clothing and other absorbent materials that have been drenched or heavily contaminated with this product’s concentrate. Do not reuse them. Follow manufacturer’s instructions for cleaning/maintaining PPE. If no such instructions for washables exist, use detergent and hot water. Keep and wash PPE separately from other laundry. User Safety Recommendations Users should: • Wash hands before eating, drinking, chewing gum, using tobacco, or For Commercial Use using the toilet. • Remove clothing/PPE immediately if pesticide gets inside. Then Active Ingredient wash thoroughly and put on clean clothing. Potassium salts of fatty acids.............................................. 049% Inert Ingredients.......................................................................... 051% Total............................................................................................ 100% First Aid If swallowed: Call a poison control center or doctor immediately for treatment advice. Have person sip a glass of water if able to swallow. Do not induce vomiting unless told to do so by the poison control center or doctor. Do not give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. Listed by the Organic Materials Review Institute (OMRI) for use in organic If on skin or clothing: Take off contaminated clothing.
  • The Value of Fungicides in U.S. Crop Production

    The Value of Fungicides in U.S. Crop Production

    Crop Protection Research Institute The Value of Fungicides In U.S. Crop Production September 2005 Leonard P. Gianessi Nathan Reigner CropLife Foundation 1156 15th Street, NW #400 Washington, DC 20005 Phone 202-296-1585 www.croplifefoundation.org Fax 202-463-0474 This study was funded by CropLife America. The following organizations have reviewed the report’s case studies and have indicated their support for the findings. Almond Board of California American Sugarbeet Growers Association Artichoke Research Association California Asparagus Commission California Citrus Mutual California Citrus Quality Council California Dried Plum Board California Fresh Carrot Advisory Board California Grape and Tree Fruit League California Kiwifruit Commission California Minor Crops Council California Pepper Commission California Pistachio Commission California Strawberry Commission California Tree Fruit Agreement Cranberry Institute Cherry Marketing Institute Florida Farm Bureau Federation Georgia Fruit and Vegetable Association Georgia Pecan Growers Association Michigan Asparagus Advisory Board Michigan Onion Committee Michigan Potato Industry Commission Minnesota Cultivated Wild Rice Council Mint Industry Research Council National Association of Wheat Growers National Cotton Council National Onion Association National Potato Council North American Blueberry Council Oregon Hazelnut Commission Texas Citrus Mutual Texas Vegetable Association U.S. Apple Association U.S. Hop Industry Plant Protection Committee United Soybean Board Washington Red Raspberry Commission Washington Asparagus Commission Cover Photograph Credits Top Left: Fungicide crystal : Charles Krause, USDA, ARS Top Center & Right: Living, untreated and dead, treated spores: Dow AgroSciences Bottom Left: Fungicide protected potatoes: DuPont Crop Protection Bottom Right: Untreated, late blight infected potatoes: DuPont Crop Protection Table of Contents 1.0 Overview 2.0 Introduction A. Plant Diseases B.
  • Bekah's Permaculture Assignment #7

    Bekah's Permaculture Assignment #7

    1 1. In your own words what is “IPM”? IPM stands for integrated pest management. This is a term used to describe an approach that deals with pests (in gardens, fields, on plants, etc.). It is called integrative because it utilizes multiple approaches and techniques to deal with pest populations. This helps to make this approach more sustainable that traditional pesticides that the vast majority of people use. 2. Give 5 specific examples of IPM. There are several types of IPM. Here are just a few of them: 1) Increasing predator populations (such as attracting birds, bats, praying mantis, and other predatory creatures that help to control and reduce pest population) 2) Polyculture/crop combining (this means to plant a wide variety of things because certain pests tend to like certain plants and so the more variety there is, the more likely you will be able to control and limit pests) 3) Delaying (this means that you delay planting your crops/plants so that you avoid the peak season of the particular pest you are trying to avoid) 4) Planting flowers (this helps to attract predatory things such as bees and wasps and it can cause confusion amongst pests due to the color and smell of flowers) 5) Natural pesticides (this refers to making natural sprays, such as from crushed up pests, to spray on the plants to repel the pests) 3. Why don’t most people practice IPM? Most people don’t practice IPM because it takes more effort than simply spraying on pesticides. Also, many people don’t know about IPM and so they can’t practice what they don’t know.
  • Antifungal Agents in Agriculture: Friends and Foes of Public Health

    Antifungal Agents in Agriculture: Friends and Foes of Public Health

    biomolecules Review Antifungal Agents in Agriculture: Friends and Foes of Public Health Veronica Soares Brauer 1, Caroline Patini Rezende 1, Andre Moreira Pessoni 1, Renato Graciano De Paula 2 , Kanchugarakoppal S. Rangappa 3, Siddaiah Chandra Nayaka 4, Vijai Kumar Gupta 5,* and Fausto Almeida 1,* 1 Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP 14049-900, Brazil; [email protected] (V.S.B.); [email protected] (C.P.R.); [email protected] (A.M.P.) 2 Department of Physiological Sciences, Health Sciences Centre, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES 29047-105, Brazil; [email protected] 3 Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India; [email protected] 4 Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, India; [email protected] 5 Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia * Correspondence: [email protected] (V.K.G.); [email protected] (F.A.) Received: 7 July 2019; Accepted: 19 September 2019; Published: 23 September 2019 Abstract: Fungal diseases have been underestimated worldwide but constitute a substantial threat to several plant and animal species as well as to public health. The increase in the global population has entailed an increase in the demand for agriculture in recent decades. Accordingly, there has been worldwide pressure to find means to improve the quality and productivity of agricultural crops. Antifungal agents have been widely used as an alternative for managing fungal diseases affecting several crops. However, the unregulated use of antifungals can jeopardize public health.
  • A Novel Role of Ethephon in Controlling the Noxious Weed Ipomoea Cairica

    A Novel Role of Ethephon in Controlling the Noxious Weed Ipomoea Cairica

    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN A novel role of ethephon in controlling the noxious weed Ipomoea cairica (Linn.) Sweet Received: 09 April 2015 1,* 1,* 1,3,* 2 1 Accepted: 22 May 2015 Zhong-Yu Sun , Tai-Jie Zhang , Jin-Quan Su , Wah Soon Chow , Jia-Qin Liu , 1 1 3 1 Published: 18 June 2015 Li-Ling Chen , Wei-Hua Li , Shao-Lin Peng & Chang-Lian Peng Several auxin herbicides, such as 2, 4-D and dicamba, have been used to eradicate an exotic invasive weed Ipomoea cairica in subtropical China, but restraining the re-explosion of this weed is still a challenge. Since ethylene is one of the major intermediate functioning products during the eradication process, we explored the possibility, mechanism and efficiency of using ethephon which can release ethylene to control Ipomoea cairica. The results of the pot experiment showed that 7.2 g /L ethephon could totally kill Ipomoea cairica including the stems and roots. The water culture experiment indicated that ethephon released an abundance of ethylene directly in leaves and caused increases in electrolyte leakage, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), abscisic acid (ABA) and H2O2 and decreases in chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity, finally leading to the death of Ipomoea cairica. The field experiment showed that the theoretical effective concentration of ethephon for controlling Ipomoea cairica (weed control efficacy, WCE = 98%) was 4.06 g/L and the half inhibitory concentration (I50) was 0.56 g/L. More than 50% of the accompanying species were insensitive to the phytotoxicity of ethephon. Therefore, ethephon is an excellent alternative herbicide for controlling Ipomoea cairica.
  • INDEX to PESTICIDE TYPES and FAMILIES and PART 180 TOLERANCE INFORMATION of PESTICIDE CHEMICALS in FOOD and FEED COMMODITIES

    INDEX to PESTICIDE TYPES and FAMILIES and PART 180 TOLERANCE INFORMATION of PESTICIDE CHEMICALS in FOOD and FEED COMMODITIES

    US Environmental Protection Agency Office of Pesticide Programs INDEX to PESTICIDE TYPES and FAMILIES and PART 180 TOLERANCE INFORMATION of PESTICIDE CHEMICALS in FOOD and FEED COMMODITIES Note: Pesticide tolerance information is updated in the Code of Federal Regulations on a weekly basis. EPA plans to update these indexes biannually. These indexes are current as of the date indicated in the pdf file. For the latest information on pesticide tolerances, please check the electronic Code of Federal Regulations (eCFR) at http://www.access.gpo.gov/nara/cfr/waisidx_07/40cfrv23_07.html 1 40 CFR Type Family Common name CAS Number PC code 180.163 Acaricide bridged diphenyl Dicofol (1,1-Bis(chlorophenyl)-2,2,2-trichloroethanol) 115-32-2 10501 180.198 Acaricide phosphonate Trichlorfon 52-68-6 57901 180.259 Acaricide sulfite ester Propargite 2312-35-8 97601 180.446 Acaricide tetrazine Clofentezine 74115-24-5 125501 180.448 Acaricide thiazolidine Hexythiazox 78587-05-0 128849 180.517 Acaricide phenylpyrazole Fipronil 120068-37-3 129121 180.566 Acaricide pyrazole Fenpyroximate 134098-61-6 129131 180.572 Acaricide carbazate Bifenazate 149877-41-8 586 180.593 Acaricide unclassified Etoxazole 153233-91-1 107091 180.599 Acaricide unclassified Acequinocyl 57960-19-7 6329 180.341 Acaricide, fungicide dinitrophenol Dinocap (2, 4-Dinitro-6-octylphenyl crotonate and 2,6-dinitro-4- 39300-45-3 36001 octylphenyl crotonate} 180.111 Acaricide, insecticide organophosphorus Malathion 121-75-5 57701 180.182 Acaricide, insecticide cyclodiene Endosulfan 115-29-7 79401