Management Strategies for the Pear Psylla, Cacopsylla Pyricola (Foerster)
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VINEYARD BIODIVERSITY and INSECT INTERACTIONS! ! - Establishing and Monitoring Insectariums! !
! VINEYARD BIODIVERSITY AND INSECT INTERACTIONS! ! - Establishing and monitoring insectariums! ! Prepared for : GWRDC Regional - SA Central (Adelaide Hills, Currency Creek, Kangaroo Island, Langhorne Creek, McLaren Vale and Southern Fleurieu Wine Regions) By : Mary Retallack Date : August 2011 ! ! ! !"#$%&'(&)'*!%*!+& ,- .*!/'01)!.'*&----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&2 3-! "&(')1+&'*&4.*%5"/0&#.'0.4%/+.!5&-----------------------------------------------------------------------------&6! ! &ABA <%5%+3!C0-72D0E2!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!F! &A&A! ;D,!*2!G*0.*1%-2*3,!*HE0-3#+3I!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!J! &AKA! ;#,2!0L!%+D#+5*+$!G*0.*1%-2*3,!*+!3D%!1*+%,#-.!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!B&! 7- .*+%)!"/.18+&--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&,2! ! ! KABA ;D#3!#-%!*+2%53#-*MH2I!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!BN! KA&A! O3D%-!C#,2!0L!L0-H*+$!#!2M*3#G8%!D#G*3#3!L0-!G%+%L*5*#82!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!&P! KAKA! ?%8%53*+$!3D%!-*$D3!2E%5*%2!30!E8#+3!AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA!&B! 9- :$"*!.*;&5'1/&.*+%)!"/.18&-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------&3<! -
Field Evaluation of the Relative Susceptibility of Six Pear Varieties to the Pear Psylla (Cacopsylla Pyricola (Foerster, 1848))
doi:10.14720/aas.2019.114.1.5 Original research article / izvirni znanstveni članek Field evaluation of the relative susceptibility of six pear varieties to the pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster, 1848)) Mohammad Saeed EMAMI 1,2 Received February 04, 2019; accepted August 02, 2019. Delo je prispelo 04. februarja 2019, sprejeto 02. avgusta 2019. Field evaluation of the relative susceptibility of six pear vari- Ovrednotenje relativne občutljivosti šestih sort hrušk na eties to the pear psylla (Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster, 1848)) malo hruševo bolšico (Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster, 1848)) Abstract: The pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Foerster, Izvleček: Mala hruševa bolšica, Cacopsylla pyricola (För- 1848) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is one of the most detrimental ster, 1848) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), je eden izmed najbolj uniču- pests in commercial pear orchards. Varieties with low infesta- jočih škodljivcev v komercialnih nasadih hrušk. Sorte z majnim tion level to pear psylla would offer to integrated psyllid man- deležem okužbe z bolšico bi lahko uporabili pri integriranem agement. The natural infestation level of six pear varieties to upravljanju s hruševo bolšico. Naravna okužba s hruševo bolši- pear psylla was studied under field conditions during three suc- co je bila preučevana na šestih sortah hrušk na prostem v treh cessive years. The pear varieties consisted of ‘Comice’, ‘Buerre zaporednih letih. Sorte hrušk so bile:‘Comice’, ‘Buerre Giffard’, Giffard’, ‘Bonne Louise’, ‘Felestini’, ‘Shahmiveh’, and ‘Sebri’. Psyl- ‘Bonne Louise’, ‘Felestini’, ‘Shahmiveh’, in ‘Sebri’. Populacija lid population was sampled weekly by limb jarring method and bolšic je bila vzorčena tedensko s stresanjem vej in naključno selecting 10 leaves randomly per tree. The results indicated that izbiro 10 listov na drevo. -
Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview
December, 2001 Neotropical Entomology 30(4) 501 FORUM Trophobiosis Between Formicidae and Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha and Auchenorrhyncha): an Overview JACQUES H.C. DELABIE 1Lab. Mirmecologia, UPA Convênio CEPLAC/UESC, Centro de Pesquisas do Cacau, CEPLAC, C. postal 7, 45600-000, Itabuna, BA and Depto. Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Univ. Estadual de Santa Cruz, 45660-000, Ilhéus, BA, [email protected] Neotropical Entomology 30(4): 501-516 (2001) Trofobiose Entre Formicidae e Hemiptera (Sternorrhyncha e Auchenorrhyncha): Uma Visão Geral RESUMO – Fêz-se uma revisão sobre a relação conhecida como trofobiose e que ocorre de forma convergente entre formigas e diferentes grupos de Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha e Auchenorrhyncha (até então conhecidos como ‘Homoptera’). As principais características dos ‘Homoptera’ e dos Formicidae que favorecem as interações trofobióticas, tais como a excreção de honeydew por insetos sugadores, atendimento por formigas e necessidades fisiológicas dos dois grupos de insetos, são discutidas. Aspectos da sua evolução convergente são apresenta- dos. O sistema mais arcaico não é exatamente trofobiótico, as forrageadoras coletam o honeydew despejado ao acaso na folhagem por indivíduos ou grupos de ‘Homoptera’ não associados. As relações trofobióticas mais comuns são facultativas, no entanto, esta forma de mutualismo é extremamente diversificada e é responsável por numerosas adaptações fisiológicas, morfológicas ou comportamentais entre os ‘Homoptera’, em particular Sternorrhyncha. As trofobioses mais diferenciadas são verdadeiras simbioses onde as adaptações mais extremas são observadas do lado dos ‘Homoptera’. Ao mesmo tempo, as formigas mostram adaptações comportamentais que resultam de um longo período de coevolução. Considerando-se os inse- tos sugadores como principais pragas dos cultivos em nível mundial, as implicações das rela- ções trofobióticas são discutidas no contexto das comunidades de insetos em geral, focalizan- do os problemas que geram em Manejo Integrado de Pragas (MIP), em particular. -
Identification of Plant DNA in Adults of the Phytoplasma Vector Cacopsylla
insects Article Identification of Plant DNA in Adults of the Phytoplasma Vector Cacopsylla picta Helps Understanding Its Feeding Behavior Dana Barthel 1,*, Hannes Schuler 2,3 , Jonas Galli 4, Luigimaria Borruso 2 , Jacob Geier 5, Katrin Heer 6 , Daniel Burckhardt 7 and Katrin Janik 1,* 1 Laimburg Research Centre, Laimburg 6, Pfatten (Vadena), IT-39040 Auer (Ora), Italy 2 Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, IT-39100 Bozen (Bolzano), Italy; [email protected] (H.S.); [email protected] (L.B.) 3 Competence Centre Plant Health, Free University of Bozen-Bolzano, IT-39100 Bozen (Bolzano), Italy 4 Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, BOKU, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, A-1190 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] 5 Department of Botany, Leopold-Franzens-Universität Innsbruck, Sternwartestraße 15, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria; [email protected] 6 Faculty of Biology—Conservation Biology, Philipps Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 8, D-35043 Marburg, Germany; [email protected] 7 Naturhistorisches Museum, Augustinergasse 2, CH-4001 Basel, Switzerland; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (D.B.); [email protected] (K.J.) Received: 10 November 2020; Accepted: 24 November 2020; Published: 26 November 2020 Simple Summary: Cacopsylla picta is an insect vector of apple proliferation phytoplasma, the causative bacterial agent of apple proliferation disease. In this study, we provide an answer to the open question of whether adult Cacopsylla picta feed from other plants than their known host, the apple plant. We collected Cacopsylla picta specimens from apple trees and analyzed the composition of plant DNA ingested by these insects. -
Insect Vectors of Phytoplasmas - R
TROPICAL BIOLOGY AND CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT – Vol.VII - Insect Vectors of Phytoplasmas - R. I. Rojas- Martínez INSECT VECTORS OF PHYTOPLASMAS R. I. Rojas-Martínez Department of Plant Pathology, Colegio de Postgraduado- Campus Montecillo, México Keywords: Specificity of phytoplasmas, species diversity, host Contents 1. Introduction 2. Factors involved in the transmission of phytoplasmas by the insect vector 3. Acquisition and transmission of phytoplasmas 4. Families reported to contain species that act as vectors of phytoplasmas 5. Bactericera cockerelli Glossary Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary The principal means of dissemination of phytoplasmas is by insect vectors. The interactions between phytoplasmas and their insect vectors are, in some cases, very specific, as is suggested by the complex sequence of events that has to take place and the complex form of recognition that this entails between the two species. The commonest vectors, or at least those best known, are members of the order Homoptera of the families Cicadellidae, Cixiidae, Psyllidae, Cercopidae, Delphacidae, Derbidae, Menoplidae and Flatidae. The family with the most known species is, without doubt, the Cicadellidae (15,000 species described, perhaps 25,000 altogether), in which 88 species are known to be able to transmit phytoplasmas. In the majority of cases, the transmission is of a trans-stage form, and only in a few species has transovarial transmission been demonstrated. Thus, two forms of transmission by insects generally are known for phytoplasmas: trans-stage transmission occurs for most phytoplasmas in their interactions with their insect vectors, and transovarial transmission is known for only a few phytoplasmas. UNESCO – EOLSS 1. Introduction The phytoplasmas are non culturable parasitic prokaryotes, the mechanisms of dissemination isSAMPLE mainly by the vector insects. -
An Introduction to Psyllids (Of Bedfordshire) Joe Botting
An introduction to Psyllids (of Bedfordshire) Joe Botting Cacopsylla fulguralis Basics • A group of Stenorrhyncha, most closely related to aphids • Small to very small (1-5 mm) • Worldwide ~3000 species, ~85 in UK (increasing due to introductions) • Poorly recorded in UK – no prior recording scheme, and status of many species unclear • Strongly host-specific • Some commercial pests, particularly of fruit trees (Cacopsylla mali, C. pyricola) • Often regarded as “difficult” – which may be unfair. But probably isn't. Finding psyllids Easily found by sweeping or beating selected plants: In summer, herbaceous or arborescent dicots (almost exclusively) – especially native deciduous trees. All are host-specific. In winter, evergreen shelter plants – especially conifers or yew. Some species on evergreen hosts (e.g. box – below) Most species are host-specific, so you need to know which plants to target. Once you find them, watch out for them going ‘ping’ (nearly as bad as leafhoppers…). Spanioneura fonscolombii (on box, all year) Identification • Two major families: Psyllidae & Triozidae (other families represented by introductions) • Many species superficially similar, and need microscopic examination • Dissection rarely needed, so high-resolution macrophotographs are quite often sufficient if showing the right features • Some species very difficult to confirm from single specimens; male and female often critical to a reliable ID Chamaepsylla hartigi Colouring Body Colouring Varies seasonally: usually palest (green/yellow/orange) when teneral, then darkens steadily over several months, particularly on dorsal surface: Wing Colouring Trioza alacris Usually very distinctive for species with patterned or coloured wings, although some are still difficult. Various species (especially certain Cacopsylla spp.) with very pale colouring that must be seen against a white background – this is also unreliable. -
Minnesota's Top 124 Terrestrial Invasive Plants and Pests
Photo by RichardhdWebbWebb 0LQQHVRWD V7RS 7HUUHVWULDO,QYDVLYH 3ODQWVDQG3HVWV 3ULRULWLHVIRU5HVHDUFK Sciencebased solutions to protect Minnesota’s prairies, forests, wetlands, and agricultural resources Contents I. Introduction .................................................................................................................................. 1 II. Prioritization Panel members ....................................................................................................... 4 III. Seventeen criteria, and their relative importance, to assess the threat a terrestrial invasive species poses to Minnesota ...................................................................................................................... 5 IV. Prioritized list of terrestrial invasive insects ................................................................................. 6 V. Prioritized list of terrestrial invasive plant pathogens .................................................................. 7 VI. Prioritized list of plants (weeds) ................................................................................................... 8 VII. Terrestrial invasive insects (alphabetically by common name): criteria ratings to determine threat to Minnesota. .................................................................................................................................... 9 VIII. Terrestrial invasive pathogens (alphabetically by disease among bacteria, fungi, nematodes, oomycetes, parasitic plants, and viruses): criteria ratings -
Occurrence Data for the Two Cryptic Species of Cacopsylla Pruni (Hemiptera: Psylloidea)
Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e68860 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.9.e68860 Data Paper Occurrence data for the two cryptic species of Cacopsylla pruni (Hemiptera: Psylloidea) Nicolas Sauvion‡,§, Jean Peccoud |, Christine N Meynard¶,‡, David Ouvrard # ‡ National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Montpellier, France § PHIM, Univ Montpellier, INRAE, CIRAD, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France | UMR CNRS 7267 Ecologie et Biologie des Interactions, Equipe Ecologie Evolution Symbiose, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France ¶ CBGP, INRAE, CIRAD, IRD, Montpellier SupAgro, Univ Montpellier, Montpellier, France # ANSES-Laboratoire de la Santé des Végétaux, Montpellier, France Corresponding author: Nicolas Sauvion ([email protected]) Academic editor: Colin Favret Received: 19 May 2021 | Accepted: 16 Jun 2021 | Published: 01 Jul 2021 Citation: Sauvion N, Peccoud J, Meynard CN, Ouvrard D (2021) Occurrence data for the two cryptic species of Cacopsylla pruni (Hemiptera: Psylloidea). Biodiversity Data Journal 9: e68860. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.9.e68860 Abstract Background Cacopsylla pruni is a psyllid that has been known since 1998 as the vector of the bacterium ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma prunorum’, responsible for the European stone fruit yellows (ESFY), a disease that affects species of Prunus. This disease is one of the major limiting factors for the production of stone fruits, most notably apricot (Prunus armeniaca) and Japanese plum (P. salicina), in all EU stone fruit-growing areas. The psyllid vector is widespread in the Western Palearctic and evidence for the presence of the phytoplasma that it transmits to species of Prunus has been found in 15 of the 27 EU countries. Recent studies showed that C. pruni is actually composed of two cryptic species that can be differentiated by molecular markers. -
Candidatus Phytoplasma Mali’ in Different Populations of Cacopsylla Melanoneura in Italy
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Fondazione Edmund Mach Bulletin of Insectology 63 (1): 59-63, 2010 ISSN 1721-8861 Detection of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’ in different populations of Cacopsylla melanoneura in Italy 1 1 1 1 1 Valeria MALAGNINI , Federico PEDRAZZOLI , Valeria GUALANDRI , Rosaly ZASSO , Elisa BOZZA , Federica 1 2 2 1 FIAMINGO , Alberto POZZEBON , Nicola MORI , Claudio IORIATTI 1Centro Trasferimento Tecnologico, FEM- IASMA, San Michele all’Adige, Trento, Italy 2Department of Environmental Agronomy and Crop Science, University of Padua, Legnaro, Padova, Italy Abstract Cacospylla melanoneura Förster (Hemiptera Psyllidae) is one of the vectors of ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma mali’, which is the causal agent of apple proliferation (AP) disease. In 2006 and 2007, overwintering adult psyllids were collected from different host plants (apple, hawthorn and conifers) in different localities to assess the natural infection of C. melanoneura. AP phytoplasma was detected in insects through the use of PCR amplification with specific primers (AP3/AP4). Eleven percent of the psyllids collected from apple in the Trentino region were infected with AP phytoplasma, as compared with 18.63% of the psyllids collected from apple in the Aosta Valley and none of the psyllids collected from apple in the Veneto region. The percentage of AP-positive overwintering adults was higher in the Aosta Valley than in the Trentino region. Furthermore, considering the level of AP pres- ence in the monitored orchards, a positive correlation between the infection rates in the insects and the percentage of symptomatic plants was observed. -
In Cacopsylla (Psylla)
Detection of ‘Candidatus Liberibacter Asiaticus’ in Cacopsylla (Psylla) citrisuga (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Author(s): Yijing Cen, Lina Zhang, Yulu Xia, Jun Guo, Xiaoling Deng, Wenjing Zhou, Ronald Sequeira, Junyan Gao, Ziran Wang, Jianqiang Yue and Yuanqi Gao Source: Florida Entomologist, 95(2):304-311. 2012. Published By: Florida Entomological Society URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1653/024.095.0210 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/ terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. 304 Florida Entomologist 95(2) June 2012 DETECTION OF ‘CANDIDATUS LIBERIBACTER ASIATICUS’ IN CACOPSYLLA (PSYLLA) CITRISUGA (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLIDAE) YIJING CEN1,*, LINA ZHANG1,**, YULU XIA2, JUN GUO3, XIAOLING DENG1, WENJING ZHOU1, RONALD SEQUEIRA2, JUNYAN GAO3, ZIRAN WANG3, JIANQIANG YUE3 AND YUANQI GAO1 1Laboratory of Insect Ecology, Citrus Huanglongbing Research Laboratory, South China Agricultural University, Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510642, CHINA 2Center for Integrated Pest Management, North Carolina State University, 1730 Varsity Dr. -
The Long and the Short of Mate Attraction in a Psylloid: Do Semiochemicals Mediate Mating in Aacanthocnema Dobsoni Froggatt? AQ1
3/1/2016 e.Proofing The Long and the Short of Mate Attraction in a Psylloid: do Semiochemicals Mediate Mating in Aacanthocnema dobsoni Froggatt? AQ1 Umar K. Lubanga 1,* Email [email protected] AQ2 Falko P. Drijfhout 2 Kevin Farnier 1 Martin J. Steinbauer 1 1 Department of Ecology, Environment & Evolution, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3086 Australia 2 Chemical Ecology Group, Keele University, Keele, UK Abstract Mating is preceded by a series of interdependent events that can be broadly categorized into searching and courtship. Longrange signals convey species and sexspecific information during searching, while shortrange signals provide information specific to individuals during courtship. Studies have shown that cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) can be used for mate recognition in addition to protecting insects from desiccation. In Psylloidea, four species rely on semiochemicals for long range mate attraction. Psyllid mating research has focused on longrange mate attraction and has largely ignored the potential use of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) as mate recognition cues. This study investigated whether CHCs of Aacanthocnema dobsoni have semiochemical activity for long and shortrange communication prior to mating. Using a solid sampler for solventless injection of whole psyllids into coupled gas Keele Research Repository http://eproofing.springer.com/journals/printpage.php?token=fTLCbmYf5qdLhwXUtKOtGR7lmEl13uLyeeDHpseRR1bx_QL_zXOQv1yprovidedftezDr by 1/26 View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk CORE brought to you by 3/1/2016 e.Proofing chromatography/mass spectrometry, we found quantitative, sex and agerelated differences in CHC profiles. Males had higher proportions of 2MeC28, 11,15diMeC29, and nC33 alkanes, while females had higher proportions of 5MeC27, 3MeC27, 5,15diMeC27, nC29 and nC30 alkanes. -
Korica 52.Cdr
Dušanka Jerini ć-Prodanovi ć 553 International Symposium: Current Trends in Plant Protection UDK: 632.752(497.11) Proceedings ALIEN SPECIES OF JUMPING PLANT LICE (HEMIPTERA: PSYLLOIDEA) IN SERBIA DUŠANKA JERINI Ć-PRODANOVI Ć University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Nemanjina 6, 11080 Zemun, Serbia E-mail: [email protected] Five species of invasive jumping plant-lice have been determined from Serbia. Two species were introduced into Europe from other continents (Acizzia jamatonica (Kuwayama) and Trioza neglecta Loginova, 1978), while the following three species Calophya rhois (Löw, 1877), Homotoma ficus (Linnaeus, 1758) and Cacopsylla pulchella (Löw, 1877) are originally European, having extended their habitat from the Medatiterranean Basin to the North of Europe. Distribution, morphology and biology of the determined species of jumping plant-lice are studied in this manuscript. Key words : Psylloidea, jumping plant-lice, Serbia, alien species INTRODUCTION Psyllids or jumping plant-lice are small sup-sucking insects, 1-10 mm long. Together with white flies, aphids and scale insects they constitute suborder Sternorrhyncha within the order Hemiptera. They usually develop on woody dicotyledons (Burckhardt, 1994), except for several species from genus Livia, developing on monocotyledons. Most species have very restricted host plant ranges. More than three-quarters of psylloid species are free-living in larval stages, while other develop in open or closed galls. Australian species from subfamilies Spondyliaspidinae, Pachypsyllinae and Macrocorsinae build waxy coverings, called lerps. Damage on plants can be induced either directly by sap-sucking, or by the excretion of honey-dew while feeding, which is suitable for sooty mold development. Several species of jumping plant-lice are vectors of bacterial or viral pathogens, such as phytoplasma in the first place, so they pose a potential danger for cultivated plants.