First Records of Atherinella Panamensis in the Central Mexican Pacific Coasts

First records of Atherinella panamensis in the Central Mexican Pacific coasts

Edgar R. Sandoval-Huerta (1), Xavier Madrigal-Guridi (1), Adrián García-Meraz (1), Néstor I. Dimas-Mora (1), Omar Domínguez-Domínguez (1) & Adrián F. González-Acosta* (2)

RÉSUMÉ. - Premiers signalements de Atherinella panamensis marine waters of North and South America. Ten species occur in (Atherinopsidae) le long des côtes centrales mexicaines de l’océan the eastern Pacific: A. argentea Chernoff, 1986 from Madre Vieja Pacifique Est. River, Guatemala to the Gulf of Chiriquí, Panamá; A. eriarcha (Jordan & Gilbert, 1882) from Baja California, México, includ- L’espèce Atherinella panamensis Steindachner, 1875 est signa- ing the Gulf of California and the Revillagigedo Islands to Puerto lée pour la première fois le long des côtes centrales mexicaines de l’océan Pacifique, sur la base de 25 spécimens (36,9 à 68 mm LS) Utría, Colombia; A. guatemalensis (Günther, 1864) from Zaca- capturés le 10 décembre 2010 et le 17 février 2011 dans deux loca- tula, México to Salina de Acapán, Guatemala; A. nephente (Myers lités de Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán, Mexique. Cette occurrence & Wade, 1942) from Baja California, México to Peru; A. nesiotes de l’Athérine du Panama augmente le nombre d’espèces d’Atheri- (Myers & Wade, 1942) from Mazatlán, México to Ecuador, includ- nopsidés connues dans le Pacifique centre-est mexicain et élargit sa ing the Galápagos Islands; A. nocturna (Myers & Wade, 1942) distribution géographique de 2 687 km vers le nord. Des données from Guayaquil, Ecuador to Perú; A. pachylepis (Günther, 1864) supplémentaires concernant les relations taille-poids et longueur from Cutuco, El Salvador to Perú; A. panamensis from Panamá standard (LS)-longueur totale (LT), et le facteur de condition sont to Colombia; A. serrivomer Chernoff, 1986 from Parita Bay, Pan- également présentées. amá to Tumbes, Perú; and A. starksi (Meek & Hildebrand, 1923) Key words. - Atherinopsidae - Atherinella panamensis - Tropical from north of Costa Rica to Colombia (Allen and Robertson, 1994; Eastern Pacific - Geographical distribution - First record. Lavenberg and Chernoff, 1995; Dyer, 2003). The goal of this study was to report for the first time the presence of the Panama silverside in the Central Mexican Pacific and provide additional data on The family Atherinopsidae (Teleostei: Atheriniformes) includes length-weight and SL-TL relationships and condition factor. 104 species pertaining to 13 genera and two subfamilies that can be distinguished based on the presence (Atherinopsinae: six genera and 30 spp.) or absence of distally dilated premaxillaries and a hae- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION mal funnel (Menidiinae: seven genera and 74 spp.) (Dyer, 2003). The second subfamily includes the genus Atherinella Steindachner, We reported the first record of A. panamensis in the Central 1875 with 34 species distributed along the continental and coastal Mexican Pacific, on the basis of 25 specimens (36.9 to 68 mm of standard length [SL]) caught at two different localities in Lázaro Cárdenas, Michoacán (Fig. 1). One specimen was collected at Barra de Nexpa estuary (18°5’13”N-102°47’22”W) on December 10, 2010 (Fig. 2), and 24 specimens caught in the Mexcalhuacán estuary (18°3’14”N-102°39’27”W) on February 17, 2011. The Panama silverside specimens were caught using a seine net, preserved with 10% formalin, and identified using taxonomic keys (Lavenberg and Chernoff, 1995) and the description by Allen and Robertson (1994). We also measured the SL and total length [TL] (in mm), and recorded the weight (g) of each specimen. All measurements

Figure 2. - Atherinella panamensis Steindachner, CPUM-4406, 67.2 mm SL. Figure 1. - Capture sites of Panama silverside (A. panamensis) specimens Barra de Nexpa estuary, Lázaro, Cárdenas, Michoacán, México (18°5’13’’ on the Michoacan coast, Central Mexican Pacific. N- 102°47’22’’ W). Col. Edgar Sandoval Huerta, December 10, 2010.

(1) Laboratorio de Biología Acuática, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Edificio “R” planta baja, Ciudad Universitaria, Morelia, Michoacán, México, C.P. 58088. [[email protected]] [[email protected]] [gama_2161@ hotmail.com] [[email protected]] [[email protected]] (2) Centro Interdisciplinario de Ciencias Marinas-IPN. Avenida Instituto Politécnico Nacional s/n, Colonia Playa Palo de Santa Rita, La Paz, Baja California Sur, México, C.P. 23096. * Corresponding author [[email protected]]

Cybium 2012, 36(4): 587-588. Atherinella panamensis in Central Mexican Pacific Sa n d o va l -Hu e r t a e t a l . and meristics are presented in table I. The specimens are housed growth for the species; such growth has been associated with homo- in the Colección Ictiológica at the Universidad Michoacana de San geneity in body form and the narrow length range of individuals Nicolás de Hidalgo [CPUM-4406 (1) and 4682 (24)] in Morelia, (Grupta et al., 2011). We also calculated the condition index, K (Ful- Michoacán, Mexico. ton), which assumes isometric growth when body proportions do The Panama silverside specimens have as diagnostic features: not change with growth, using the equation: K = 100 * W / L3. The Dorsal fin III-I, 7; Anal fin: I, 21; belly highly compressed, with a value of K (0.00076) suggests unsuitable environmental conditions keel formed by scales as shields; large pectoral fin rays that extend for the Panama silverside, which has previously been related to vari- to the anus, their origin behind the margin of the anus; and lateral ability in temperature (Strüssmann, 2010). According to the Fish- ctenoid scales with spiny lower margins. The unusual presence of base database (http://www.fishbase.org, version 22/09/2011), this the species in the Central Mexican Pacific could be linked to cli- study represents the first time information available on the length- mate change (Arvedlund, 2009) or may be the result of poor sam- weight and LS-TL relationships for the species. This study may be pling efforts in the region due to their small size and non-commer- used for comparison with similar data sets from other areas in this cial value. The change in the distribution of Atherinopsidae is asso- specie’s range of distribution. However, because our specimens ciated with the existence of more suitable conditions for feeding, were caught during two different sampling periods, these data are spawning, larval development, and growth (Strüssmann, 2010). not representative of a particular season; rather, they should be used This behaviour represents a capacity for adaptive divergence in as mean annual values (Froese, 2006). physiological and life-history characteristics in response to climate change (Conover et al., 2009). The increase in non-native species Acknowledgements. - This study was funded by CONABIO Project HJ021 and the impact of their colonization by range expansion have also and CIC-UMSNH-2010. AFGA thanks the COFAA and EDI-IPN programs been associated with changes in the composition of native ichthyo- and SNI-CONACyT, the grants that supported this research. fauna (Dulčić et al., 2009). The length-weight regression (LWR, Ricker, 1975) was applied to the 25 specimens of A. panamensis using a logarithmic transfor- mation of the linear regression equation: log W = log a + b log L, REFERENCES where W is the weight (g) and L is the standard length of the fish ALLEN G.R. & ROBERTSON D.R., 1994. - Fishes of the Tropical (mm). LWR is summarized in table II, where the parameter b (3.57; Eastern Pacific. 332 p. Bathurst: Crawford House Press. 2 r = 0.8155) shows a good fit for the linear regression. Likewise, ARVEDLUND M., 2009. - First records of unusual marine fish the value b was tested using a t-test. The results indicate isometric distributions-can they predict climate changes? J. Mar. Biol. Ass. U.K., 89: 863-866. CONOVER D.O., DUFFY T.A. & HICE L.A., 2009. - The cov- Table I. - Body measurements and meristic counts of the Panama silverside ariance between genetic and environmental influences across specimens (A. panamensis) from the Central Mexican Pacific. In parenthesis ecological gradients: reassessing the evolutionary significance are presented the proportion of SL, in brackets the proportion in HL. of countergradient and cogradient variation. Ann. New York Acad. Sci., 1168: 100-129. Measurements Barra de Nexpa Mexcalhuacan DULČIĆ J., PALLAORO A. & DRAGIČEVIĆ B., 2009. - First (mm) (n =1) (n = 24) record of the blue runner, Caranx crysos (Mitchill, 1815), in Standard length 68.0 36.9-59.8 the Adriatic Sea. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 25: 481-482. Total length 84.4 44.7-71.8 DYER B.S., 2003. - Family Atherinopsidae (Neotropical silver- Weight (g) 2.7 0.2-1.5 sides). In: Check List of the Freshwater Fishes of South and Central America (CLOFFSCA) (R.E. Reis, Kullander S. & Fer- Head length 15.7 (23.4) 8.4-14.2 (22.1-25.9) raris C.J. Jr., eds.), pp. 1-729. Porto Alegre: Edipucrs. Orbit diameter 4.9 [31.3] 3.0-4.8 [31.0-37.9] FROESE R., 2006. - Cube law, condition factor and weight- Preorbital length 4.7 [30.0] 2.2-3.9 [24.9-32.8] length relationships, history, meta-analysis and recommenda- Postorbital length 6.6 [41.9] 2.8-6.2 [29.5-44.3] tions. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 25: 241-253. GRUPTA B.K., SARKAR U.K., BHARDWAJ S.K. & PAL A., Pectoral fin length 18.8 (26.8) [119.9] 7.5-16.0 (20.3-26.8) [88.14-120.2] 2011. - Condition factor, length-weigth and length-length rela- Body depth 11.5 (16.9) 5.1-9.6 (13.8-18.7) tionships of an endangered fish Ompok pabda (Hamilton 1822) Dorsal fin III-I, 7 III-I, 7 (Siluriformes: Siluridae) from the River Gomti, a tributary of Anal fin I, 21 I, 21 the River Ganga, India. J. Appl. Ichthyol., 27: 962-964. LAVENBERG R.J. & CHERNOFF M., 1995. - Atherinidae. Pectoral fin 14 14 Pejerreyes. In: Guía FAO para Identificación de Especies para los Fines de la Pesca. Pacífico Centro-Oriental, Vol. 2 (Fischer Table II. - Length-weight and length-length relationships for 25 specimens W., Krupp F., Schneider W., Sommer C., Carpenter K.E. & of the Panama silverside (A. panamensis) from the Central Mexican Pacific. Niem V., eds), pp. 889-901. Rome: FAO. n: sample size; CI: confidence interval for b. RICKER W.E., 1975. - Computation and interpretation of bio- Bull. Fish. Board Can Atherinella panamensis logical statistics of fish populations. ., (n = 25) 191: 1-382. Parameters of LWR using logarithmic regression (base 10) STRÜSSMANN C.A., CONOVER D.O., SOMOZA G.M. & Length (mm) 95% CI of b MIRANDA L.A., 2010. - Implications of climate change for r2 a b the reproductive capacity and survival of New World silver- Min. Max. Log Log Min. Max. sides (family Atherinopsidae). J. Fish Biol., 77: 1818-1834. 37 68 -6.09099 3.57578 2.84223 4.30933 0.8155 Parameters of LLR to convert SL to TL a b R Reçu le 5 décembre 2011. Accepté pour publication le 20 février 2012. -2.13697 1.26509 0.9928

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