Comparing Generalized Linear Models and Random Forest to Model Vascular Plant Species Richness Using Lidar Data in a Natural Forest in Central Chile
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Physiochemical and Antibacterial Characterization of Fruits of Three Chilean Trees
72 Fruits (2), 87–96 | ISSN 0248-1294 print, 1625-967X online | https://doi.org/10.17660/th.2017/72.2.4 | © ISHS 2017 Original article Citronella mucronata (Cardiopteridaceae), Pitavia punctata (Rutaceae)Physiochemical and Beilschmiediaand antibacterial berteroana characterization (Lauraceae), of fruits three of endemic and threatened Chilean trees , G.F. Narváez2, M.F. Morales3 3 4 and C.R. Figueroa 1 5,a F.A.12 Sáez , H.M. Bello , C. Balbontín 3 Master Program in Forest Sciences, Faculty of Forest Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile 4 Faculty of Forest Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile Research Lab of Antibacterial Agents, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile 5 Small Fruits and Berry Crops Research, Institute for Agricultural Research (INIA)-Quilamapu, Chillán, Chile Phytohormone Research Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Talca, Talca, Chile Summary Significance of this study Introduction – Several native tree species are What is already known on this subject? scarcely studied in relation to fruit properties. In or- • Citronella mucronata, Pitavia punctata and Beilschmie- der to bring about information of these plant resourc- dia berteroana are threatened endemic trees of central es, the characterization of ripening-associated prop- erties of the fruit of three endemic and threatened studied. Chilean trees (Citronella mucronata, Pitavia punctata Chile whose fruit properties have been scarcely and Beilschmiedia berteroana) was performed in the What are the new findings? present study. Materials and methods – The physio- • C. mucronata and P. punctata chemical characterization of two developmental fruit a high amount of pectin and bacteriostatic effect, stages in each species included the measurement of fruits extracts showed soluble solid content (SSC), titratable acidity (TA), pH, for both fruits. -
Effects of Forest Fragmentation on Biodiversity in the Andes Region Efectos De Fragmentación De Los Bosques Sobre La Biodivers
Universidad de Concepción Dirección de Posgrado Facultad de Ciencias Forestales PROGRAMA DE DOCTORADO EN CIENCIAS FORESTALES Effects of forest fragmentation on biodiversity in the Andes region Efectos de fragmentación de los bosques sobre la biodiversidad en la región de los andes Tesis para optar al grado de Doctor en Ciencias Forestales JIN KYOUNG NOH Concepción-Chile 2019 Profesor Guía: Cristian Echeverría Leal, Ph.D. Profesor Co-guía: Aníbal Pauchard, Ph.D. Dpto. de Manejo de Bosques y Medioambiente Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad de Concepción ii Effects of forest fragmentation on biodiversity in the Andes region Comisión Evaluadora: Cristian Echeverría (Profesor guía) Ingeniero Forestal, Ph.D. Aníbal Pauchard (Profesor co-guía) Ingeniero Forestal, Ph.D. Francis Dube (Comisión Evaluador) Ingeniero Forestal, Doctor Horacio Samaniego (Comisión Evaluador) Ingeniero Forestal, Ph.D. Directora de Posgrado: Darcy Ríos Biologa, Ph.D. Decano Facultad de Ciencias Forestales: Jorge Cancino Ingeniero Forestal, Ph.D. iii DEDICATORIA 활짝 웃으며 내 손잡고, 길고 힘들었던 여정을 동행해 준 나의 사랑하는 남편 파블로, 바쁜 엄마를 이해하고 위로하고 사랑해주는 나의 소중한 두 꼬맹이 테오와 벤자민, 조건없는 사랑으로 믿고 이끌고 도와주신 존경하고 사랑하는 아빠 (노창균)와 엄마 (최문경)께 이 논문을 바칩니다. Para mi esposo, Pablo Cuenca, por su extraordinaria generosidad, fortaleza y dulzura. Para mis hijos, Teo y Benjamin, que son mi mayor fortaleza y motivación. Para mis padres, Chang Gyun Noh y Moon Kyung Choi quienes me brindaron su amor incondicional y me motivaron a seguir adelante. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to acknowledge with great pleasure all people and organizations mention below for their assistance and support. My deepest appreciation to Dr. -
Native Plant Diversity and Composition Across a Pinus Radiata D.Don Plantation Landscape in South-Central Chile—The Impact Of
Article Native Plant Diversity and Composition Across a Pinus radiata D.Don Plantation Landscape in South-Central Chile—The Impact of Plantation Age, Logging Roads and Alien Species Steffi Heinrichs 1,*, Aníbal Pauchard 2,3 and Peter Schall 1 1 Department Silviculture and Forest Ecology of the Temperate Zones, University of Goettingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany; [email protected] 2 Facultad de Ciencias Forestales, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 3349001, Chile; [email protected] 3 Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB), Santiago 8320000, Chile * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-551-395-974 Received: 18 July 2018; Accepted: 12 September 2018; Published: 14 September 2018 Abstract: Alien tree plantations are expanding globally with potential negative effects for native biodiversity. We investigated plant species diversity and composition in a Pinus radiata landscape in south-central Chile, a biodiversity hotspot, by sampling understory vegetation in different plantation age classes, along forest roads and in natural forest remnants in order to find effective conservation measures for native biodiversity. Plantations, including different age classes and roadsides, maintained high native species richness at the landscape scale but supported a completely different community composition than natural forests. Thus, natural forest remnants must be conserved as plantations cannot replace them. Certain natural forest species occurred frequently in mature plantations and can represent starting points for retaining natural elements in plantations. Generalist native and alien species benefited from plantation management, mainly in young plantations and along roadsides. Stand maturation and a closed canopy, though, reduced alien species occurrences within plantations. Along roads, shade-tolerant aliens should be monitored and removed as they can potentially invade natural forests. -
Principles and Practice of Forest Landscape Restoration Case Studies from the Drylands of Latin America Edited by A.C
Principles and Practice of Forest Landscape Restoration Case studies from the drylands of Latin America Edited by A.C. Newton and N. Tejedor About IUCN IUCN, International Union for Conservation of Nature, helps the world find pragmatic solutions to our most pressing environment and development challenges. IUCN works on biodiversity, climate change, energy, human livelihoods and greening the world economy by supporting scientific research, managing field projects all over the world, and bringing governments, NGOs, the UN and companies together to develop policy, laws and best practice. IUCN is the world’s oldest and largest global environmental organization, with more than 1,000 government and NGO members and almost 11,000 volunteer experts in some 160 countries. IUCN’s work is supported by over 1,000 staff in 60 offices and hundreds of partners in public, NGO and private sectors around the world. www.iucn.org Principles and Practice of Forest Landscape Restoration Case studies from the drylands of Latin America Principles and Practice of Forest Landscape Restoration Case studies from the drylands of Latin America Edited by A.C. Newton and N. Tejedor This book is dedicated to the memory of Margarito Sánchez Carrada, a student who worked on the research project described in these pages. The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN or the European Commission concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. -
Tropaeolum: Notas Sobre El Cultivo De Algunas Especies Chilenas Detalle De Tropaeolum Tricolor / Graham Buchanan-Dunlop 29 (Ma Victoria Legassa)
Año III, número 3 Diciembre 2005 Contenidos EDITORIAL Antonia Echenique 3 chagual ACTUALIDAD Fundación del Jardín Botánico de la Universidad de Talca REVISTA DEL JARDÍN BOTÁNICO CHAGUAL / Osvaldo Zuno, Luis Letelier, Steffen Hahn 5 Año III, número 3 INTERNACIONAL Diciembre de 2005 El Jardín Botánico de la Universidad de Valencia: un lugar para la ciencia, la cultura y la naturaleza / Antoni Aguilella 7 Directora HISTORIA Antonia Echenique Celis Plantas, botánica y jardines botánicos / María Victoria Legassa 12 EDUCACIÓN Editores Ambientes contenedores: el rol de los jardines botánicos como espacios María Victoria Legassa y Andrés Moreira Muñoz para apoyar la educación ambiental de los niños / Karen Malone 22 Colaboración botánica PROPAGACIÓN Mélica Muñoz Schick Foto portada: Tropaeolum: notas sobre el cultivo de algunas especies chilenas Detalle de Tropaeolum tricolor / Graham Buchanan-Dunlop 29 (Ma Victoria Legassa). Edición de textos ECOLOGÍA Tiarella Moreira Muñoz Algunos alcances a la interacción entre insectos y orquídeas / Patricio Novoa 32 Diseño y diagramación CONSERVACIÓN Esfuerzos por conservar la biodiversidad de la Región de O’Higgins: Gabriel Valdés Echenique Libro Rojo de la flora y fauna regional / Marcia Ricci 38 Arboretum de la Universidad Austral de Chile: un modelo de conservación Impresión integral para nuestro país / Paulina Hechenleitner Vega, Carlos Zamorano Elgueta 41 Andros Impresores Santa Elena 1955, Santiago GALERÍA BOTÁNICA Santiago, Chile Popeta, VI Región, Chile: sitio desconocido de colecta de los Philippi, -
Native and Exotic Plant Species Diversity in Forest Fragments and Forestry Plantations of a Coastal Landscape of Central Chile D
BOSQUE 41(2): 125-136, 2020 DOI: 10.4067/S0717-92002020000200125 BOSQUE 41(2): 125-136, 2020 Plant communities in a fragmented landscape of central Chile Native and exotic plant species diversity in forest fragments and forestry plantations of a coastal landscape of central Chile Diversidad de plantas nativas y exóticas en fragmentos de bosque y plantaciones forestales en un paisaje costero de Chile central Pablo I Becerra a*, Javier A Simonetti b *Autor de correspondencia: a Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Facultad de Agronomía e Ingeniería Forestal, Departamento de Ecosistemas y Medio Ambiente, Center of Applied Ecology and Sustainability (CAPES), Av. Vicuña Mackenna 4860, Santiago, Chile, [email protected] b Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Ciencias Ecológicas, Las Palmeras 3425, Santiago, Chile. SUMMARY Native forest replacement by exotic forestry plantations and fragmentation may have different consequences for biodiversity. In the transition zone between the Mediterranean and Temperate Regions of Chile, native forests have been replaced and fragmented, and currently are surrounded by Pinus radiata plantations. However, the effects of these changes on biodiversity are still poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated how the replacement and fragmentation of these native forests have affected plant communities of a coastal area of the Maule Region in central Chile. We compared plant communities between three types of landscape units: pine plantations, small forest fragments and a continuous native forest. On each landscape unit, we evaluated richness and composition of native and exotic species on 100 m2 plots located in two positions: edge and interior. Native species richness decreased and exotic invasion increased in plantations compared to fragments and continuous forests. -
Within-Population Genetic Diversity of Climbing Plants and Trees in a Temperate Forest in Central Chile
Gayana Bot. 70(1),70(1): 201336-43, 2013 ISSN 0016-5301 Within-population genetic diversity of climbing plants and trees in a temperate forest in central Chile Diversidad genética intra-poblacional de plantas trepadoras y árboles en un bosque templado en Chile central CRISTIAN TORRES-DÍAZ1, EDUARDO RUIZ2, CRISTIAN SALGADO-LUARTE3, MARCO A. MOLINA-MONTENEGRO4 & ERNESTO GIANOLI3* 1Laboratorio de Genómica & Biodiversidad, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad del Bío-Bío, Casilla 447, Chillán Chile. 2Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Oceanográficas, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 160-C Concepción, Chile. 3Departamento de Biología, Universidad de La Serena, Casilla 554 La Serena, Chile. 4Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Áridas (CEAZA), Facultad de Ciencias del Mar, Universidad Católica del Norte, Larrondo 1281, Coquimbo, Chile. [email protected] ABSTRACT The climbing habit is a key innovation in angiosperm evolution: climbing plant taxa have greater species richness than their non-climbing sister groups. It is considered that highly diversified clades should show increased among-population genetic differentiation. Less clear is the expected pattern regarding within-population genetic diversity in speciose lineages. We tested the hypothesis of greater within-population genetic diversity in climbing plants compared to trees in a temperate forest in central Chile. The assumption underlying this hypothesis is that higher among-population differentiation in climbers compared to trees should reflect higher genetic diversity as well. AFLP markers from 167 individual plants from 14 species (seven climbers and seven trees) were used to estimate the following indices of within-population genetic diversity: mean unbiased expected heterozygosity (HE), percentage of polymorphic loci (PPL), Shannon information index (I), and the effective number of alleles (NE). -
Lemongrass Neem Citronella a Handbook on
JANHIT A Handbook on ... FOUNDATION JANHIT FOUNDATION D-80 Shastri Nagar, Meerut-250002, Uttar Pradesh Phone +91-121-2763418, 4004123 e-mail: [email protected] Website: www.janhitfoundation.in Lemongrass Neem Citronella A Handbook on ... LEGEND • According to Indian mythology, the origin of the Neem tree is related to the story of palazimadanam ( the churning of the Palazi, the Ocean of Milk). During the course of the event, Lord Dhanvanthari appeared from The Ocean, with a pot, full of nectar in the end, Lord Indra, the king of Devas tactfully snatched the pot from the Asuras and left for Deva loka. On the way, a few drops of nectar fell down on to the earth and legend has it that the Neem tree originated form the nectar. • The Neem tree is considered as One of the ten trees, in the Nandanavana of the Ramayana It is mentioned in the "Mantra maharnavam", Brihat Samhitha","Kdambari", and "Padma Purana", It also finds a place in the "Charaka Samhita"(2000 BC), and is one of the most Important plants mentioned in Kautilya's “Arthasastra” (4BC). • The Neem is used in the worship of goddess Mariyamma in Tamil Nadu Lemongrass Neem Citronella and Karnataka. Buchanan's Travelogues report five leaf branches of Neem being used in the Mariyamma pooja in Mysore, • In Ayurveda, Unani and Sidha Systems of medicine the Neem tree is used as a single drug and also as an ingredient in many herbal formulations. In Abhidhanamanjari", there is reference to three types of Neem or Veppu (in Malayalam) Azadiracta indica (Aryaveppu) Azdirach JANHIT (Malaveppu) and Murraya Koenigii (Kariveppu). -
Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of Two Native Fruits of Chile: Arrayan (Luma Apiculata) and Peumo (Cryptocarya Alba)
antibiotics Article Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of Two Native Fruits of Chile: Arrayan (Luma apiculata) and Peumo (Cryptocarya alba) Jitka Viktorová 1, Rohitesh Kumar 1, Kateˇrina Rehoˇrovˇ á 1, Lan Hoang 1 , Tomas Ruml 1 , Carlos R. Figueroa 2 , Monika Valdenegro 3 and Lida Fuentes 4,* 1 Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; [email protected] (J.V.); [email protected] (R.K.); [email protected] (K.R.);ˇ [email protected] (L.H.); [email protected] (T.R.) 2 Institute of Biological Sciences, Campus Talca, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3465548, Chile; cfi[email protected] 3 Agronomy School, Faculty of Agronomic and Food Sciences, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Quillota 2260000, Chile; [email protected] 4 Regional Center for Studies in Healthy Food (CREAS), CONICYT-Regional GORE Valparaíso Project R17A10001, Avenida Universidad, Valparaíso 2340000, Chile * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 22 June 2020; Accepted: 21 July 2020; Published: 25 July 2020 Abstract: Arrayan and peumo fruits are commonly used in the traditional medicine of Chile. In this study, the concentration of the extracts halving the bacterial viability and biofilms formation and disruption of the drug-sensitive and drug-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was determined. The chemical composition of extracts was analyzed by high-resolution liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (U-HPLC/MS). The arrayan extract (Inhibitory concentration IC 0.35 0.01 mg/mL) was more effective than peumo extract (IC 0.53 0.02 mg/mL) 50 ± 50 ± in the inhibition of S. -
Plant Biodiversity Science, Discovery, and Conservation: Case Studies from Australasia and the Pacific
Plant Biodiversity Science, Discovery, and Conservation: Case Studies from Australasia and the Pacific Craig Costion School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of Adelaide Adelaide, SA 5005 Thesis by publication submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology July 2011 ABSTRACT This thesis advances plant biodiversity knowledge in three separate bioregions, Micronesia, the Queensland Wet Tropics, and South Australia. A systematic treatment of the endemic flora of Micronesia is presented for the first time thus advancing alpha taxonomy for the Micronesia-Polynesia biodiversity hotspot region. The recognized species boundaries are used in combination with all known botanical collections as a basis for assessing the degree of threat for the endemic plants of the Palau archipelago located at the western most edge of Micronesia’s Caroline Islands. A preliminary assessment is conducted utilizing the IUCN red list Criteria followed by a new proposed alternative methodology that enables a degree of threat to be established utilizing existing data. Historical records and archaeological evidence are reviewed to establish the minimum extent of deforestation on the islands of Palau since the arrival of humans. This enabled a quantification of population declines of the majority of plants endemic to the archipelago. In the state of South Australia, the importance of establishing concepts of endemism is emphasized even further. A thorough scientific assessment is presented on the state’s proposed biological corridor reserve network. The report highlights the exclusion from the reserve system of one of the state’s most important hotspots of plant endemism that is highly threatened from habitat fragmentation and promotes the use of biodiversity indices to guide conservation priorities in setting up reserve networks. -
La Familia Icacinaceae Miers En Venezuela
ACTA BOT. VENEZ. 35 (2): 123-202. 2013 123 LA FAMILIA ICACINACEAE MIERS EN VENEZUELA The Icacinaceae Miers family in Venezuela Rodrigo DUNO DE STEFANO Herbario CICY, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A. C. (CICY), Calle 43. No. 130. Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo 97200 Mérida, Yucatán, México. Teléfono: 52 (999) 813923, 813914 Fax (999) 813900. [email protected] RESUMEN Se presenta el tratamiento de la familia Icacinaceae para la flora de Venezuela. La fa- milia incluye nueve géneros y 21 especies en el país. El género más diverso es Emmotum con siete especies, todas restringidas a la Guayana. Se proporciona una clave para la identifica- ción de los taxones, descripciones morfológicas, notas taxonómicas e información sobre la distribución geográfica, así como ilustraciones de algunas de ellas. Tres especies pueden ser consideradas como endemismos locales: Emmotum celiae, E. fulvum y E. yapacanum. Palabras clave: Icacinaceae, Flora, Neotrópico, taxonomía ABSTRACT A treatment of the family Icacinaceae for the flora of Venezuela is presented. The family includes nine genera and 21 species for the country. Emmotum is the most diverse genus with seven species restricted to the Guayana. Keys for taxon identification, morpho- logical description, taxonomic notes, and information about the geographic distribution are provided, as well as some illustrations for some Venezuelan species. Three species can be considered as local endemic: Emmotum celiae, E. fulvum y E. yapacanum. Key words: Icacinaceae, Flora, Neotropic, taxonomy INTRODUCCIÓN La familia Icacinaceae fue definida por Gentry (1990) como un grupo difí- cilmente reconocible a partir de caracteres vegetativos. El hábito (árboles, arbus- tos o lianas) y la presencia de hojas simples, alternas y sin estípulas, son comunes a un gran número de familias tropicales. -
La Familia Icacinaceae Miers En Venezuela Acta Botánica Venezuelica, Vol
Acta Botánica Venezuelica ISSN: 0084-5906 [email protected] Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela Dr. Tobías Lasser Venezuela Duno De Stefano, Rodrigo La familia Icacinaceae Miers en Venezuela Acta Botánica Venezuelica, vol. 35, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2012, pp. 123-202 Fundación Instituto Botánico de Venezuela Dr. Tobías Lasser Caracas, Venezuela Disponible en: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=86230266001 Cómo citar el artículo Número completo Sistema de Información Científica Más información del artículo Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal Página de la revista en redalyc.org Proyecto académico sin fines de lucro, desarrollado bajo la iniciativa de acceso abierto ACTA BOT. VENEZ. 35 (2): 123-202. 2013 123 LA FAMILIA ICACINACEAE MIERS EN VENEZUELA The Icacinaceae Miers family in Venezuela Rodrigo DUNO DE STEFANO Herbario CICY, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A. C. (CICY), Calle 43. No. 130. Col. Chuburná de Hidalgo 97200 Mérida, Yucatán, México. Teléfono: 52 (999) 813923, 813914 Fax (999) 813900. [email protected] RESUMEN Se presenta el tratamiento de la familia Icacinaceae para la flora de Venezuela. La fa- milia incluye nueve géneros y 21 especies en el país. El género más diverso es Emmotum con siete especies, todas restringidas a la Guayana. Se proporciona una clave para la identifica- ción de los taxones, descripciones morfológicas, notas taxonómicas e información sobre la distribución geográfica, así como ilustraciones de algunas de ellas. Tres especies pueden ser consideradas como endemismos locales: Emmotum celiae, E. fulvum y E. yapacanum. Palabras clave: Icacinaceae, Flora, Neotrópico, taxonomía ABSTRACT A treatment of the family Icacinaceae for the flora of Venezuela is presented.