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Journal of Philology and Intercultural Communication JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGY AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION REVUE DE PHILOLOGIE ET DE COMMUNICATION INTERCULTURELLE Vol. II, No. 1 (IM)POSSIBLE WORLDS MONDES (IM)POSSIBLES coordinated by / sous la direction de Daniela MIREA and / et Adela-Livia CATANĂ © Military Technical Academy Publishing House Bucharest, Romania, January 2018 Scientific committee / Comité scientifique Prof. Iulian BOLDEA – University of Tîrgu Mureş Prof. Monica BOTTEZ – University of Bucharest Prof. Adrian LESENCIUC – “Henri Coandă” Air Force Academy of Braşov Prof. Ramona MALIȚA – West University of Timișoara Prof. Emilia PARPALĂ-AFANĂ – University of Craiova Prof. Mariselda TESSAROLO – University of Padova Prof. Mihai ZAMFIR – University of Bucharest Assoc. Prof. Sonia BERBINSCHI – University of Bucharest Assoc. Prof. Elena BUJA – Transilvania University of Braşov Assoc. Prof. Diana IONIŢĂ – University of Bucharest Assoc. Prof. Julio JENSEN – University of Copenhagen Assoc. Prof. Elena NEGOIŢĂ-SOARE – Paris 8 Assoc. Prof. Mireille RUPPLI – University of Reims Champagne Ardenne Assoc. Prof. Ana-Karina SCHNEIDER – “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu Assoc. Prof. Petra SLEEMAN – University of Amsterdam Assoc. Prof. Radu VANCU – “Lucian Blaga” University of Sibiu Editorial Staff / Rédaction Adriana-Carolina BULZ Adela-Livia CATANĂ Elena-Raluca CONSTANTIN Daniela MIREA Daniela MOLDOVEANU Andreea-Maria PREDA Maria STOICOVICI Editorial Office: “ JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGY AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION REVUE DE PHILOLOGIE ET DE COMMUNICATION INTERCULTURELLE” 39-49 George Cosbuc Ave., Sector 5, 050141 Bucharest, ROMANIA Tel.: +4021 335 46 64 / 212, Fax: +4021 335 57 63 http://www.llcs.journal.mta.ro ISSN 2558-8478 ISSN-L 2558-8478 JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGY AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION REVUE DE PHILOLOGIE ET DE COMMUNICATION INTERCULTURELLE Vol. II, No. 1, Jan. 2018 Contents /Sommaire Literature / Littérature Daniel Larangé, Science sans conscience. La ruine de l’homme , University of Paris Est Créteil / Notre-Dame de Sainte-Croix de Neuilly sur Seine……...………………5 Nicolas Mary, Globalia, la démocratie et la fin de l’histoire , University of Angers…23 Laurent Balagué, Autobiographie et mondes possibles et impossibles: le cas de la langue sauvée d’Elias Canetti , University of Paris Est………………….……...35 Richard Cluse, Ce que peut la littérature. Po-éthique de l’impossible chez Georges Bataille , University of Sorbonne-Nouvelle- Paris 3………….....………………47 Paul Faggianelli-Brocart, Mondes exotiques, mondes domestiques: une politique spatiale des romans d’aventures , University of Paris-Nanterre………...………61 Marion Crackower, Sécularisation de la violence et résistance dans le monde post apocalyptique du Transperceneige de Lob et Rochette, chercheur indépendant anciennement affiliée à Louisiana State University (LSU) in Baton-Rouge…....72 Elisabeth Herbst Buzay, Fantasy worlds as spaces of significance: meaning making in magical universes , University of Connecticut……………………………..……79 Julien Jaegly, Excession: la dualité thématique et ontologique de l’impossible en science-fiction , University of Clermont-Auvergne…………...…………...…….87 Ibtissam Amamou, La compossibilité des extrêmes chez Amélie Nothomb: cas du roman dystopique Peplum , University of Mohamed Premier, Oujda…………..99 Ons Sfar, Subvertir en douceur dans les proses de Jules Supervielle , University of Clermont Auvergne……...……………………………………………….……106 Language Teaching /Didactique des langues Ammouden M’hand, Hamadache Tahar, Les mondes (im)possibles du conte au service de la communication interculturelle , University of Bejaia…………..…….….113 Varia Morice N. Fadel, Crime and spy fiction: an east European case , New Bulgarian University.……...………………………………………………...……………126 Sangita T. Ghodake, Transcending life through romance: Mumbai Tiffinwals and the lunch box , Savitribai Phule Phune University/PDEA Baburaoji Gholap College.…133 Mihaela Hristea, Banchetul ca reflectare a concepţiei religioase a lui Henrich Heine , Ion Luca Caragiale National College / Dimitrie Cantemir University ………..140 Claudia Cîrciu, Jurnalul portughez – mai mult decât un itinerariu intelectual , University of Bucharest….…………………………………………….………147 Reviews / Comptes-rendus Alina Ţenescu, Emilia Parpala (editor), Signs of Identity: Literary Constructs and Discursive Practices , Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Newcastle upon Tyne, 2017, 236 pages………….…………………………………………………….157 3 LITERATURE LITTÉRATURE JOURNAL OF PHILOLOGY AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION REVUE DE PHILOLOGIE ET DE COMMUNICATION INTERCULTURELLE Vol. II, No. 1, Jan. 2018 SCIENCE SANS CONSCIENCE… LA RUINE DE L’AME SELON PIERRE BOULLE Daniel S. Larangé Université Paris Est Créteil / Notre-Dame de Sainte-Croix de Neuilly sur Seine Abstract: According to Pierre Boulle, although science is supposed to have a great destiny, it fails in its vocation while thinking to do well; it paradoxically precipitates the man in his gross stupidity and inhumanity, despite being simultaneously invested with a spiritual mission which would have elevated humanity to wisdom. Therefore, the writer explores the fictitious probabilities of science, seeking in vain to find an ethical solution in a century contaminated by mercantilism and laziness. This is why he describes with an infallible logic the intertwining that leads man to his own destruction, namely by the near extinction of all meaning. Keywords: Utopia, dystopia, scientism, self-destruction, realist fantasy. Les œuvres d’anticipation de Pierre Boulle (1912-1994) développent une réflexion d’épistémologie critique et dénoncent les menaces de la science capable d’instaurer son diktat sur la société. À ce titre, Les Jeux de l’esprit (Julliard, 1971) développent une dystopie qui remet en question l’éthique scientifique et condamne l’abrutissement des masses au nom d’une culture de l’hédonisme. Comment les promesses de la science menacent-elles l’humanité de sombrer dans un cauchemar inextricable ? La réflexion sur l’action sociale, politique et morale des sciences se retrouve aussi bien dans La Planète des singes (Julliard, 1963) que dans Les Contes de l’absurde (Julliard, 1953), E = mc2 (Julliard, 1957), Quia absurdum: sur la Terre comme au Ciel (Julliard, 1970), Miroitements (Flammarion, 1982) ou Le Professeur Mortimer (Le Fallois, 1988). Par le biais de la fiction, elle s’interroge sur l’orientation du progrès et annonce un post-humanisme caractérisé par la bestialisation, la fin des valeurs humanistes et l’entropie inéluctable de la réalité entraînée par l’absurdité mondialisée. Il s’agit de décrire comment l’usage d’une science sans conscience précipite peu à peu l’humanité́ à la ruine de l’âme. L’approche transdisciplinaire envisage une lecture sociocritique des grandes thématiques de Pierre Boule au regard des craintes et des attentes de la société française au tournant d’un univers clivé en deux blocs idéologiques dans les années 1950 au commencement d’une uniformisation autour de la raison économique dans les années 1980. 1. F(r)ictions de la science Pierre Boulle est d’abord un ingénieur: son approche des sciences se veut donc pragmatique. Les sciences sont au service de la conception et de la fabrication. Il est diplômé de Supélec, établissement de formation scientifique dans les domaines de l’information, de l’énergie et 5 Daniel S. Larangé des systèmes. En tant que praticien des sciences, il est appelé en Asie du Sud-Est, notamment en Malaisie à résoudre des problèmes techniques complexes, à partir de connaissances économiques, sociales et environnementales (Frackman Becker, 1996). Cette expérience est essentielle dans la maturation de l’écrivain d’anticipation car ses propos demeurent toujours inscrits dans une connaissance réelle et une pratique concrète. Aussi, lorsqu’il propose des fictions de la science, ces fictions exercent une fascination d’autant plus forte qu’elles s’ancrent dans une forte probabilité. Jamais il ne s’aventure très loin dans la pure spéculation ni ne laisse sa fantaisie parcourir les sentiers de l’imagination. C’est pourquoi son œuvre d’anticipation demeure imprégnée d’une forte dose de réalisme et les dimensions utopiques finissent par retomber dans le pessimisme du réel. La science reste nécessairement liée à la technique au XX e siècle. Bien plus, les progrès techniques témoignent d’abord de la puissance des sciences et fascinent les foules profanes. Or l’ingénieur Boulle manifeste très tôt son scepticisme face à l’automatisation et la robotisation de la société. Tandis que les masses et le pouvoir politique qui les représente se réjouissent aveuglément de la mécanisation de la société, « l’Homme qui haïssait les machines » la dénonce dès 1965 et entreprend une guerre secrète contre cette nouvelle entité d’envahisseur: Antagonisme de la basse routine et de la divine imagination. Haine réciproque de l’automatisme et de l’intelligence créatrice. Combat éternel de l’esprit et de la matière. Depuis longtemps, monsieur, je me suis consacré à cette lutte et me suis engagé corps et âme dans la sainte croisade, faute d’avoir pu assigner un idéal plus noble à la condition humaine. Vous voyez devant vous l’homme suscité par le ciel pour combattre les machines et s’opposer à leur extravagante ambition. Les humilier, abattre leur insupportable vanité, faire preuve par l’absurde de leur inconscience, les convaincre elles-mêmes de leur inintelligence, voilà mes méthodes. (Boulle, 1965, 1998: 197). Cette méfiance face à la récupération des sciences par la technologie s’avère être à l’avant-garde car l’esprit du temps est plutôt à l’enthousiasme et le
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