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Theologiae Moralis

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Theologiae Moralis SUMMA THEOLOGIAE MORALIS SCHOLARUM USUI ACCOMMODAVIT H. NOLDIN S. J. S Theologiae professor in Universitate Oenipontana COMPLEMENTUM SECUNDUM: DEÉCENSURIS DE CENSURIS SCHOLARUM USUI ACCOMMODAVERAT H. NOLDIN S.j. S. Theologiae professor in Universitate Oenipontana CODICI IURIS CANONICI ADAPTAVIT A. SCHONEGGERS. J. Professor Iuris Canonici in Universitate Oenipontana Editio XXIX (CIC adaptata XVIDĎ 1935 OENIPONTE / TYPIS ET SUMPTIBUS F. RAUCH Ratisbonae et Neo Eboraci apud Fridericum Pustet Printed in Austria. Imprimi potest. St. Pólten, die 25. Augusti 1934. Aloisius Ersin, Praep. Prov. Austriae. Imprimatur. Nr. 2978. Administratura Apostolica Oeniponte, die 3. Septembris 1935. Urban Draxl, Provicarius. Introductio.") Tractatum de poenis ecclesiasticis, guae ad obiectum proprium iuris canonici pertinent, Noldin theologiae morali addendum duxit, guia in nonnullis scholis professor theologiae moralis etiam de poe­ nis ecclesiasticis agit. In accommodanda hac nova editione ad nor­ mas Codicis iuris canonici, guamguam mens erat intactum relinguere guantum fieri posset clarissimi auctoris tractatum de poenis eccle­ Siasticis, tamen nennulla tamguam obsoleta erant omittenda, alia cum novissimo iure non iam concordantia immutanda, non pauca ex Codice iuris canonici addenda. 1. a. Potestas, guam Christus Ecclesiae suae contulit, ut fideles per eam ad finem supernaturalem vitae aeternae dirigerentur, duplex est: potfestas ordinis, guae est aptitudo ordine sacramentali acguisita peragendi guasdam actiones sacras, praesertim vero oblationem sacrificii eucharistici et administrationem sacramentorum et sacramentalium, et po­ testas iurisdictionis, guae est potestas regendi fideles in ordine ad salutem aeternam. 1) Thesaurus-Giraldi, De poenis ecclesiasticis. J. Hollweck, Die kirchlichen Strafgesetze (Mainz. Kirchheim. 1899). Ballerini-Pal­ mieri, Opus theol. morale* (Prati. Giachetti. 1901) VII. De poenis ecclesiasticis. Lehmkuhl, Theologia moralistž (Friburgi. Herder. 1914) II. Wernz, Ius decretalium T. IV.: Ius poenale Eccles. catholi­ cae (Prati. Giachetti. 1913). Ex libris de CIC scriptis: Felix M. Capello S. I., Tractatus canonico-moralis de censurisž (Taurinorum Augustae. Marietti. 1925). P. Cerato, Censurae vigentesž (Patavii. Typis Seminarii. 1921). I. Chelodi, lus poenale editio tertia (Tri­ denti 1933,Ardesi). Albertus Cipollini, De censuris latae sententiae iuxta Codicem iuris canonici (Taurini, Marietti. 1925). Dr. Eduard Eichmann, Das Strafgesetz des Codex Iuris Canonici (Paderborn. Schoningh. 1920). P. Ios. Noval, O. P., Commentarium Iuris Cano­ nici, Liber V. De Delictis et Poenis (Augustae Taurinorum-Romae. Marietti. 1920). Pighi Ioan. B., Censurae sent. lat. ed. 7. (Veronae. 1922). M. Pistocchi, | canoni penali del Codice ecclesiastico esperti e commentati. Torino-Roma, Marietti 1925. Dr. Angel Amor Ruibal, Censuras y Penas Canónicas, segůn el Código Vigente, ordinandas en Categorias (Madrid-Barcelona. 1925). I. Sole, De delictis et poe­ nis (Romae. Pustet. 1920). Noldin-Schoónegger, De censuris 1 2 Introductio. Potestas iurisdictionis iterum duplex est, potestas ma­ gisterii seu potestas regendi fideles guoad intellectum per praecepta fidei, et pofesfas regiminis, guae est potestas re­ gendi fideles guoad voluntatem per praecepta morum. b. Christum Ecclesiam suam instituisse veram, visi­ bilem perfectamgue societatem, cui omnem potestatem con­ tulit, guae ad dirigendos fideles in finem salutis aeternae necessaria est, ostendunt tum dogmatfici in theologia fun­ damentali tum canonistae in iure publico. In specie vero iidem ostendunt potestatem iurisdictionis, gua Christus in­ structam voluit Ecclesiam, potestatem esse non solum leges ferendi, sed etiam vím coactivam exercendi etlegum tuin divinarum tum ecclesiasticarum transgressores poenis cočr­ cendi. lam vero postguam de legibus actum est, etiam de legum sanctione seu de poenis ecclesiasticis agendum est. c. Scilicet lex sanctione indiget, gůa observantibus eam praemium, violantibus vero poena decernitur. Duplex est legis christianae sanctio, altera vitae futurae, altera vitae praesentis. Huius vitae sanctio potissimum in poenis ecclesiasticis consistit, guibus Ecclesia fideles a legum sal­ tem graviorum violatione absterrere atgue ad officia implen. da adigere conatur, Ouaestio praevia. De poenis ecclesiasticis in genere. 2. Detinitio. Poena ecclesiastica est privatio alicuius boni ad delinguentis correctionem et delicti punitionem a legitima auctoritate inflicta (can. 2215). a. Bonum, guo poena ecclesiastica delinguentem privat, tale sit oportet, cuius aut possessio aut usus ab Ecclesia dependet, guo pro­ inde ipsa delinguentem privare potest. Eiusmodi bona sunt sola bona externa; at non sunt sola bona spiritualia, sed etiam bona tempora­ ha ut bona fortunae, fama, libertas etc. b. Ouamvis Ecclesia etiam poenas temporales infligere possit, ordinarie tamen, praesertim guoad laicos, ad obtinendos fines Suos non adhibet nisi poenas spirituales, guae consistunt in privatione boni spiritualis vel iam accepti vel postea accipiendi, guare poenace ecclesiasticae solent dici poenae spirituales. c. Poena natura Sua Supponit culpam, guia propter culpam commissam infligitur; guare non est poena, ubi non est culpa. 3. Finis poenarum ecclesiasticarum. Distingui debet comminatio poenae et poenae inflictio atgue exsecufio. a. Comminationis finis est, ut subditi a violatione legis absterreantur et metu poenae ad eius observationem ad­ igantur. b. Inflictionis eťexsecutionis finis guadruplex est: «. ut ordo laesus restituatur et confirmetur; B. ut emendetur reus; v. ut tum ipse delinguens tum alii a crimine abs­ terreantur et cočrceantur; 8. ut exemplo. poenae scan­ dalum crimine datum reparetur. 1* 4 De poenis ecclesiasticis in genere. In omnibus guidem poenis guadruplex iste finis plus minusve intenditur, in diversis tamen poenarum generibus unus prae aliis po­ tissimum respicitur. Primarius et essentialis est restitutio ordinis laesi. Laesio enim ordinis, guae eo facta est, guod delinguens spreto ordinis bono suis concupiscentiis indulgebat, guandam veluti expia­ tionem et satisfactionem exigit, eo guod idem delinguens de bonis suis aliguid cedere et malum subire cogatur“). 4. Causa poenae ecclesiasticae est delictum. Nomine delicfi, iure ecclesiastico, intelligitur externa et moraliter imputabilis legis violatio cui addita sit sanctio canonica saltem indeterminata (can. 2195, 8 1). In iure veteri delicta vocabantur actiones guae levioribus poe­ nis, Crimina guae gravioribus plectebantur. CIC non adhibet nisi nomen delicti. 5.Divisiopoenarum.©Poenaeecclesiasticaemulti­ pliciter dividuntur. a. Ratione subiecti ih personalem, guae personam tan­ tum afficit ut suspensio ab audiendis confessionibus; realem, guae personam in bonis suis punit ut privatio beneficii, et mixtam, guae utrumgue complectitur ut excommunicatio, suspensio a celebratione. b. Ratione guantitafis in ordinariam, guae non excedit mensuram communiter in hac re servari solitam; et extra­ ordinariam, guae ob speciales circumstantias ultra men­ suram imponitur, ideogue ne in confuso guidem praevi­ deri potest. c. Ratione modi, guo reus privatur bono, in negafivam, gua arcetur a bono acguirendo, ut est inhabilitas ad digni­ tates, officia, beneficia; in privativam, gua privatur bono (iure, exercitio iuris) acguisito, ut est privatio vocis activae et passivae, suspensio ab ordine; in positivam, gua malum infertur, ut est mulcta pecuniaria. Hiuius exsecutio posi­ tivam aliguam actionem exigit. d. Ratione obiecti in spirifualem, guae delinguentem privat bono spirituali; et fermporalem, guae delinguentem privat bono temporali. 1) Cf. s. Thomas I. II. g. 87. a. 1. De poenis ecclesiasticis in genere. 5 Dubitari neguit guin Ecclesia etiam poenas temporales infligere possit; cum enim potestatem habeat adhibendi omnia media, guae ad finem necessaria sunt, poenae autem temporales guandogue prorsus necessariae sint, ut ordo externus servari possit, exploratum est Ec­ clesitampoenas temporales adhibere posse. Ipse CIC declarat: Nati­ vum et proprium Ecclesiae ius est, independens a gualibet humana auctoritate, coercendi delinguentes sibí subditos poenis tum spiri­ tualibus tum etiam temporalibus (can. 2214, 8 1). Attamen guoad poenam capitis et mutilationis fere omnes docent Ecclesiam ipsam eam infligere non posse, immo ex complurium sententia Ecclesia negue exigere potest, ut a brachio saeculari infligatur: etenim sol­ lemne est axioma: Ecclesia non sitit sanguinem. e. Ratione formae: 1. in poenam determinatam et indeterminatam. Dici­ tur determinata, si in ipsa lege vel praecepto taxative statuta sit; indeterminata, si prudenti arbitrio iudicis vel Superioris relicta sit sive praeceptivis sive facultativis verbis (can. 2217, S 1, 19). 2. in poenam latfaesententiae, si poena determinata ita sit addita legi vel praecepto ut incurratur ipso facto com­ missi delicti; ferendae sententiae, si a iudice vel Superiore infligi debeat (can. 2217, $ 1, 20). a. Sola Ecclesia infligit poenas latae sententiae; codex poenalis Civilis nullas continet poenas latae sed solum ferendae sententiae. B. Poena ferendae sententiae infligitur per sententiam condem­ natoriam guae cadit super ipsam poenam. Poena latae sententiae potest declarari per sententiam; haec sententia declaratoria cadit super culpam, in guam poena lata est a lege. Poenam latae sententiae declarare generatim committitur pru­ dentiae Superioris; sed sive ad instantiam partis Cuius interest, sive bono communi ita exigente, sententia declaratoria dari debet (can. 2223, S 4). y. Poena
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