AP European History Chapter 5: 1490-1519 Section 7: 1510-1519 Political History By Dallin F. Hardy Portuguese Empire
Conquest of Goa
1510
India Portuguese Spice Trade Venice
Decline of Venetian Trade
1510
Due to
Portuguese overseas trade routes Italy
Holy League
1511
Allied
Pope Julius
Ferdinand of Aragon
Venice
Emperor Maximilian I
Swiss Against
French Battle of Novara
1513
Swiss vs. French
Results
Swiss Victory
France
Forced out of
Italy Battle of Marignano
1515
Swiss vs. French & Venetians
Results
French & Venetian Victory Florence
Return of the Medici
1512 Giovanni de’ Medici
1512-1513
Lord of Florence
Catholic Church
Leo X
1513-1521
Pope
1st Medici Pope
Florence
Giuliano de’ Medici
1513-1516
Lord of Florence Lorenzo II de Medici
1516-1519
Lord of Florence Giulio de’ Medici
1519-1523
Lord of Florence
Political Theory
Niccolo Machiavelli
Florentine
Political philosopher The Prince 1513 Guide for Dictators “Machiavellian” Ruthless political expediency "From this arises an argument: whether it is better to be loved than feared. I reply that one should like to be both one and the other; but since it is difficult to join them together, it is much safer to be feared than to be loved when one of the two must be lacking." Niccolo Machiavelli
Scotland
James V
1513-1542
King of Scotland France
Francis I
1515-1547
King of France England
Thomas Wolsey
1515-1529
Lord Chancellor
Cardinal Birth of Mary
1516
Political Theory
Thomas More
English
Political philosopher Utopia
1516
Depicts
Fictional island society The Education of a Christian Prince
1516
Erasmus Scandinavia
Christian II
1513-1523
King of Denmark, Norway, & Sweden
Castile
Conquest of Navarre
1512
By
Castile Spain
Kingdom of Spain
1516-present
Charles I
1516-1556
First King of Spain Holy Roman Empire
Jakob Fugger “the Rich”
1511-1525
Imperial banker Albert of Brandenburg
1513-1545
Archbishop of Magdeburg
Albert of Brandenburg
1514-1545
Elector & Archbishop of Mainz
Albert of Brandenburg
1518-1545
Cardinal
Catholic Church
Indulgences to Rebuild St. Peter’s
1517 Pope Leo X Indulgence
“Remission of the temporal penalty imposed on penitents by priests as a “work of satisfaction” for their confessed mortal sins.” Indulgence Preachers
Sold indulgences
John Tetzel
Indulgence
Preacher
Salesman
“When a coin in the coffer rings, a soul to heaven springs.”
John Tetzel “Don’t you hear the voices of your dead parents and other relatives crying out, “Have mercy on us, for we suffer great punishment and pain. From this you could release us with a few alms…. We have created you, fed you, cared for you, and left you our temporal goods. Why do you treat us so cruelly and leave us to suffer in the flames, when it takes only a little to save us?” John Tetzel Protestant Reformation
Professor of theology
Luther’s Pilgrimage to Rome
1510
“Justification by Faith Alone”
Sola fide
Developed by Luther
Salvation is gained by
Believing and trusting in Jesus Christ
Ninety-Five Theses
October 31, 1517
Martin Luther
52. The assurance of salvation by letters of pardon is vain, even though the commissary, nay, even though the pope himself, were to stake his soul upon it.
Protestant Reformation 1517-1648
Leipzig Debate 1519
Martin Luther vs. John Eck
Holy Roman Empire
Charles V
1519-1556
Conquistadors
Conquistadors
Sought
Gold
Glory
God Hernando Cortez
1519 Conquest of the Aztecs
1519-1521 New Spain
1519-1821
First governed by
Hernando Cortes