DOCSLIB.ORG

In Silico Recombination Analysis of DNA-A Sequence From

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
In Silico Recombination Analysis of DNA-A Sequence From Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2014) 3(2): 489-497 ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 3 Number 2 (2014) pp. 489-497 http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article In Silico Recombination Analysis of DNA-A sequence from Begomovirus reported in India: This identified recombinant is the evolution from other viruses prevailing at different geographical region of Pakistan and China. Avinash Marwal, Rajneesh Prajapat and R K Gaur* Department of Science, Faculty of Arts, Science and Commerce, Mody Institute of Technology and Science, Lakshmangarh, Sikar - 332311, Rajasthan, India *Corresponding author A B S T R A C T K e y w o r d s The Begomovirus DNA-A genome was isolated from an ornamental plant Marigold and is identified as a new recombinant species, sharing nucleotide Begomovirus; identity with other isolates reported from China and Pakistan. The present study Marigold; remarkably suggests that the exchange of DNA-A with other begomoviruses would Recombinant; create a new disease complex posing a serious threat to agriculture crops and Ornamental. horticulture ornamental plants production. Introduction Recombination has played, and continues currently unknown as to whether the to play, a pivotal role in geminiviral sequences in particular parts of the evolution and may be contributing to the begomovirus genomes are exchangeable emergence of new forms of geminiviruses between different species and/or members because the high frequency of mixed of the same genus from different infections of begomoviruses provides an geographical locations. In addition, opportunity for the emergence of new Northern India seems to be unusually rich viruses arising from recombination among in virus biodiversity; we investigated the strains and / or species (Harrison and extent of recombination events and Robinson, 1999). In some cases, the examined their role in the evolution of recombinants exhibited a new pathogenic virus in India and its neighboring phenotype which is often more virulent countries. than the parents (Zhou et al., 1997). The earlier reports shown the molecular The specific recombination events characterization of complete genome of a including the recombination breaks and begomovirus isolated from an ornamental hot spots have not been reported so far in plant Marigold (Marwal et al., 2013) i.e. Marigold infecting begomovirus. It is also Ageratum enation virus (AEV: 489 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2014) 3(2): 489-497 KC589699). Here we are presenting and recombination scan and the manual highlighting the In Silico Recombination checking of automated analysis results. analysis approach for in depth study about Analysis was allowed by employing the nature of the virus. Thus, in order to Bonferroni correction with confidence take a step forward to find a cure against greater than 95% (P value 0.05). In RDP such viruses that causes major crop loss analysis, the length of the window was set worldwide. to 10 variable sites, and the step size was set to one nucleotide. P values were Materials and Methods estimated by randomizing the alignment 1,000 times. Recombination between divergent genomes is believed to be a major Results and Discussion mechanism by which diversity amongst Recombination positions were observed in viruses is generated (Robertson et al., the Ageratum enation virus (AEV: 1995). To detect the possibility of KC589699) sequence (Figure 1). The recombination in begomovirus, schematic sequence display is where the Recombination Detection Program (RDP) results of automated recombination scans was utilized, which is based on a pair wise are presented and it is the part of the scanning approach. It usually runs under program that is used to drive the manual Windows 95/98/NT/XP/VISTA/7 and checking of automated analysis results. couples a high degree of analysis The colored rectangles correspond to automation with an interactive and detailed sequence fragments, thus representing the graphical user interface (Posada and recombinant, major and minor parents in a Crandall, 2001). Using various graphical representation of a sequence recombination detection methods the fragments that have been potentially conclusion of recombination studies were derived through recombination from a evaluated (Posada, 2002). The sequence resembling the one named to the recombination breakpoint could be right of the rectangle. identified by using Recombination detection program [RDP], GENECONV, The RDP plot of Ageratum enation virus Maximum-Chi, BOOTSCAN, (AEV: KC589699) sequence conservation CHIMAERA, and 3SEQ methods. All displayed a graphical overview of the these methods were implemented in RDP sequence alignment that also indicates the v.3.44 (Martin et al., 2005). portion of the alignment. Within the Recombination positions were recognized sequence part of the display, individual by only RDP method and other methods nucleotides are color coded according to such as GENECONV, Bootscan, Maxchi their degree of conservation. When a and Chimera were not found suitable for recombination event selected, the toggle recombination analysis because of lowest sequence display button can be used to recombination breakpoint detection highlight nucleotide polymorphisms that accuracy. contribute to the recombination signals depicted in the plot display. As per the The Ageratum enation virus (AEV: schematic sequence display six KC589699) DNA-A sequence were recombination break point positions were subjected to recombination analyses using identified in the begomovirus infecting RDP method used to drive automated Marigold by the RDP method. 490 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2014) 3(2): 489-497 The first evidence is given in Figure 2 E-26 and region probability (MC where breakpoint begin from 2665th corrected) was 2.512 E-23. Hence [position 2751 in alignments] position and recommended recombination was ending breakpoint ends at 287th [position observed at the AV2 ORF, spanning 309 in alignments] position. Approximate completely AV1 ORF and the starting of p-value for this region was 3.281 x 10-11. AC3 ORF fragment of the sequence. The region probability (MC Uncorrected) The third recombination event was was 1.125 E-14 and region probability discovered at the downstream of the (MC corrected) was 7.652 E-12. It second recombination event in the suggested recombination in the common begomovirus DNA-A sequence, where region (IR) and AV2 ORF fragment of the breakpoint begin from 938th [position 965 sequence. The major parent was identified in alignments] position and ending as Pedilanthus leaf curl virus (JQ012790) breakpoint ends at 1042th [position 1094 in identified in India and were found alignments] position. Approximate p-value infecting Cestrum nocturnum. Whereas the for this region was 1.335 x 10-12. In this minor parent was Croton yellow vein case the major parent was identified as mosaic virus (FN678906) found infecting Ageratum enation virus (JQ911765) an ornamental plant Alcea rosea in causing disease in Papaver somniferum Pakistan. This clearly indicates that this and was reported from India (Figure 4). portion of recombinant fragment of The minor parent in the RDP plot was common region (IR) and AV2 ORF is found to be Tomato leaf curl Ranchi virus contributed from the two viruses (GQ994095) reported from India infecting prevailing at different geographical region, Tomato sp. The region probability (MC undoubtedly pointing towards the Uncorrected) was 1.963 E-15 and region begomovirus evolution. probability (MC corrected) was 1.335 E- 12. The recombination was detected in the RDP looks for regions within a sequence AC3 ORF fragment of the DNA-A alignment in which sequence pairs are sequence. sufficiently similar to suspect that they may have arisen through recombination. The fourth recombination event was The second recombination was detected discovered at the downstream of the third downstream of the first recombinant recombination event in the begomovirus sequence where breakpoint begin from DNA-A sequence, where breakpoint begin 388th [position 310 in alignments] position from 1042th [position 1095 in alignments] and ending breakpoint ends at 935th position and ending breakpoint ends at [position 962 in alignments] position 1200th [position 1258 in alignments] (Figure 3). Approximate p-value for this position. Approximate p-value for this region was 5.787 x 10-24. Here the region was 1.660 x 10-08. In this case the contribution of major parent in the RDP major parent was identified as Ageratum plot was by Tomato leaf curl Karnataka enation virus (JQ911765) causing disease virus (FJ514798) infecting Mentha viridis in Papaver somniferum and was reported in India. The minor parent was identified from India (Figure 5). The minor parent in as Croton yellow vein mosaic virus the RDP plot was found to be Tomato leaf (AJ507777) infecting Croton curl Ranchi virus (GQ994095) reported bonplandianum in India. The region from India infecting Tomato sp. The probability (MC Uncorrected) was 3.694 region probability (MC Uncorrected) was 491 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2014) 3(2): 489-497 Figure.1 Diagram of the schematic sequence display representing the RDP recombination map of the recombinant fragments for the Ageratum enation virus (AEV: KC589699) sequence. Each color/pattern represents a sequence specific of a virus. The virus genome organization is represented under the diagram, positioning the different viral genes named according to the begomovirus convention. Figure.2 An RDP pairwise identity plot for the piece of sequence from the major parent (JQ012790_Pedil)
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Detection and Complete Genome Characterization of a Begomovirus Infecting Okra (Abelmoschus Esculentus) in Brazil
    Tropical Plant Pathology, vol. 36, 1, 014-020 (2011) Copyright by the Brazilian Phytopathological Society. Printed in Brazil www.sbfito.com.br RESEARCH ARTICLE / ARTIGO Detection and complete genome characterization of a begomovirus infecting okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Brazil Silvia de Araujo Aranha1, Leonardo Cunha de Albuquerque1, Leonardo Silva Boiteux2 & Alice Kazuko Inoue-Nagata2 1Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade de Brasília, 70910-900, Brasília, DF, Brazil; 2Embrapa Hortaliças, 70359- 970, Brasília, DF, Brazil Author for correspondence: Alice K. Inoue-Nagata, e-mail. [email protected] ABSTRACT A survey of okra begomoviruses was carried out in Central Brazil. Foliar samples were collected in okra production fields and tested by using begomovirus universal primers. Begomovirus infection was confirmed in only one (#5157) out of 196 samples. Total DNA was subjected to PCR amplification and introduced into okra seedlings by a biolistic method; the bombarded DNA sample was infectious to okra plants. The DNA-A and DNA-B of isolate #5157 were cloned and their nucleotide sequences exhibited typical characteristics of New World bipartite begomoviruses. The DNA-A sequence shared 95.6% nucleotide identity with an isolate of Sida micrantha mosaic virus from Brazil and thus identified as its okra strain. The clones derived from #5157 were infectious to okra, Sida santaremnensis and to a group of Solanaceae plants when inoculated by biolistics after circularization of the isolated insert, followed by rolling circle amplification. Key words: Sida micrantha mosaic virus, geminivirus, SimMV. RESUMO Detecção e caracterização do genoma completo de um begomovírus que infecta o quiabeiro (Abelmoschus esculentus) no Brasil Um levantamento de begomovírus de quiabeiro foi realizado no Brasil Central.
    [Show full text]
  • Bemisia Tabaci, Gennadius: Hemiptera Aleyrodidae) Xiomara H
    Journal of General Virology (2005), 86, 1525–1532 DOI 10.1099/vir.0.80665-0 Differential transcriptional activity of plant- pathogenic begomoviruses in their whitefly vector (Bemisia tabaci, Gennadius: Hemiptera Aleyrodidae) Xiomara H. Sinisterra,1 C. L. McKenzie,1 Wayne B. Hunter,1 Charles A. Powell2 and Robert G. Shatters, Jr1 Correspondence 1United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, US Horticultural Robert G. Shatters, Jr Research Laboratory, 2001 South Rock Road, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA [email protected] 2Indian River Research and Education Center, IFAS, University of Florida, Fort Pierce, FL 34945, USA Plant-pathogenic begomoviruses have a complex association with their whitefly vector and aspects concerning virus genetic activity (genome replication and gene transcription) within the insect remain highly controversial. Virus transcript abundance was assessed by quantifying selected gene transcripts of Tomato mottle virus (ToMoV, a New World bipartite begomovirus) and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV, an Old World monopartite begomovirus) in whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci biotype B) after feeding on virus-infected tomato plants and after subsequent transfer to cotton, a plant that is immune to the selected begomoviruses. Real-time RT-PCR was performed using specific primers for three ToMoV genes (AV1, BC1 and BV1) and three TYLCV genes (V1, V2 and C3). The ToMoV gene transcripts rapidly became undetectable in whiteflies following transfer from tomato to cotton, probably because degradation was not accompanied by new synthesis. On the other hand, TYLCV transcripts increased after transfer of whiteflies to cotton, indicating active TYLCV transcription. Interestingly, the difference observed Received 5 October 2004 in ToMoV and TYLCV transcripts in the vector parallel observations on the different biological Accepted 4 February 2005 effects of these viruses on whiteflies, i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Novel Circular DNA Viruses in Stool Samples of Wild-Living Chimpanzees
    Journal of General Virology (2010), 91, 74–86 DOI 10.1099/vir.0.015446-0 Novel circular DNA viruses in stool samples of wild-living chimpanzees Olga Blinkova,1 Joseph Victoria,1 Yingying Li,2 Brandon F. Keele,2 Crickette Sanz,33 Jean-Bosco N. Ndjango,4 Martine Peeters,5 Dominic Travis,6 Elizabeth V. Lonsdorf,7 Michael L. Wilson,8,9 Anne E. Pusey,9 Beatrice H. Hahn2 and Eric L. Delwart1 Correspondence 1Blood Systems Research Institute, San Francisco and the Department of Laboratory Medicine, Eric L. Delwart University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA [email protected] 2Departments of Medicine and Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA 3Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany 4Department of Ecology and Management of Plant and Animal Ressources, Faculty of Sciences, University of Kisangani, Democratic Republic of the Congo 5UMR145, Institut de Recherche pour le De´velopement and University of Montpellier 1, Montpellier, France 6Department of Conservation and Science, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, IL 60614, USA 7The Lester E. Fisher Center for the Study and Conservation of Apes, Lincoln Park Zoo, Chicago, IL 60614, USA 8Department of Anthropology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA 9Jane Goodall Institute’s Center for Primate Studies, Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA Viral particles in stool samples from wild-living chimpanzees were analysed using random PCR amplification and sequencing. Sequences encoding proteins distantly related to the replicase protein of single-stranded circular DNA viruses were identified. Inverse PCR was used to amplify and sequence multiple small circular DNA viral genomes.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory and Review of Quantitative Models for Spread of Plant Pests for Use in Pest Risk Assessment for the EU Territory1
    EFSA supporting publication 2015:EN-795 EXTERNAL SCIENTIFIC REPORT Inventory and review of quantitative models for spread of plant pests for use in pest risk assessment for the EU territory1 NERC Centre for Ecology and Hydrology 2 Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, OX10 8BB, UK ABSTRACT This report considers the prospects for increasing the use of quantitative models for plant pest spread and dispersal in EFSA Plant Health risk assessments. The agreed major aims were to provide an overview of current modelling approaches and their strengths and weaknesses for risk assessment, and to develop and test a system for risk assessors to select appropriate models for application. First, we conducted an extensive literature review, based on protocols developed for systematic reviews. The review located 468 models for plant pest spread and dispersal and these were entered into a searchable and secure Electronic Model Inventory database. A cluster analysis on how these models were formulated allowed us to identify eight distinct major modelling strategies that were differentiated by the types of pests they were used for and the ways in which they were parameterised and analysed. These strategies varied in their strengths and weaknesses, meaning that no single approach was the most useful for all elements of risk assessment. Therefore we developed a Decision Support Scheme (DSS) to guide model selection. The DSS identifies the most appropriate strategies by weighing up the goals of risk assessment and constraints imposed by lack of data or expertise. Searching and filtering the Electronic Model Inventory then allows the assessor to locate specific models within those strategies that can be applied.
    [Show full text]
  • Yellow Head Virus: Transmission and Genome Analyses
    The University of Southern Mississippi The Aquila Digital Community Dissertations Fall 12-2008 Yellow Head Virus: Transmission and Genome Analyses Hongwei Ma University of Southern Mississippi Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/dissertations Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, Biology Commons, and the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Ma, Hongwei, "Yellow Head Virus: Transmission and Genome Analyses" (2008). Dissertations. 1149. https://aquila.usm.edu/dissertations/1149 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The University of Southern Mississippi YELLOW HEAD VIRUS: TRANSMISSION AND GENOME ANALYSES by Hongwei Ma Abstract of a Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Studies Office of The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2008 COPYRIGHT BY HONGWEI MA 2008 The University of Southern Mississippi YELLOW HEAD VIRUS: TRANSMISSION AND GENOME ANALYSES by Hongwei Ma A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Studies Office of The University of Southern Mississippi in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Approved: December 2008 ABSTRACT YELLOW HEAD VIRUS: TRANSMISSION AND GENOME ANALYSES by I Iongwei Ma December 2008 Yellow head virus (YHV) is an important pathogen to shrimp aquaculture. Among 13 species of naturally YHV-negative crustaceans in the Mississippi coastal area, the daggerblade grass shrimp, Palaemonetes pugio, and the blue crab, Callinectes sapidus, were tested for potential reservoir and carrier hosts of YHV using PCR and real time PCR.
    [Show full text]
  • Begomovirus Genetic Diversity in the Native Plant Reservoir Solanum Nigrum
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Elsevier - Publisher Connector Virology 350 (2006) 433–442 www.elsevier.com/locate/yviro Begomovirus genetic diversity in the native plant reservoir Solanum nigrum: Evidence for the presence of a new virus species of recombinant nature ⁎ Susana García-Andrés, Francisco Monci 1, Jesús Navas-Castillo, Enrique Moriones Estación Experimental “La Mayora”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 29750 Algarrobo-Costa, Málaga, Spain Received 29 December 2005; returned to author for revision 6 February 2006; accepted 20 February 2006 Available online 31 March 2006 Abstract We examined the native plant host Solanum nigrum as reservoir of genetic diversity of begomoviruses that cause the tomato yellow leaf curl disease (TYLCD) emerging in southern Spain. Presence of isolates of all the species and strains found associated with TYLCD in this area was demonstrated. Mixed infections were common, which is a prerequisite for recombination to occur. In fact, presence of a novel recombinant begomovirus was demonstrated. Analysis of an infectious clone showed that it resulted from a genetic exchange between isolates of the ES strain of Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus and of the type strain of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus. The novel biological properties suggested that it is a step forward in the ecological adaptation to the invaded area. This recombinant represents an isolate of a new begomovirus species for which the name Tomato yellow leaf curl Axarquia virus is proposed. Spread into commercial tomatoes is shown. © 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Begomovirus; Bemisia tabaci; Genetic diversity; Lycopersicon esculentum; Recombination; Solanum nigrum; Tomato yellow leaf curl disease; Tomato yellow leaf curl virus; Wild reservoir; Whitefly transmission Introduction mutation, recombination, genetic drift, natural selection, and migration (Charlesworth and Charlesworth, 2003).
    [Show full text]
  • Development of Novel Detection System for Sweet Potato Leaf Curl
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Development of novel detection system for sweet potato leaf curl virus using recombinant scFv Sang-Ho Cho1,6, Eui-Joon Kil1,2,6, Sungrae Cho1, Hee-Seong Byun1,3, Eun-Ha Kang1, Hong-Soo Choi3, Mi-Gi Lee4, Jong Suk Lee4, Young-Gyu Lee5 ✉ & Sukchan Lee 1 ✉ Sweet potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV) causes yield losses in sweet potato cultivation. Diagnostic techniques such as serological detection have been developed because these plant viruses are difcult to treat. Serological assays have been used extensively with recombinant antibodies such as whole immunoglobulin or single-chain variable fragments (scFv). An scFv consists of variable heavy (VH) and variable light (VL) chains joined with a short, fexible peptide linker. An scFv can serve as a diagnostic application using various combinations of variable chains. Two SPLCV-specifc scFv clones, F7 and G7, were screened by bio-panning process with a yeast cell which expressed coat protein (CP) of SPLCV. The scFv genes were subcloned and expressed in Escherichia coli. The binding afnity and characteristics of the expressed proteins were confrmed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using SPLCV-infected plant leaves. Virus-specifc scFv selection by a combination of yeast-surface display and scFv-phage display can be applied to detection of any virus. Te sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) ranks among the world’s seven most important food crops, along with wheat, rice, maize, potato, barley, and cassava1,2. Because sweet potatoes propagate vegetatively, rather than through seeds, they are vulnerable to many diseases, including viruses3. Once infected with a virus, successive vegetative propagation can increase the intensity and incidence of a disease, resulting in uneconomical yields.
    [Show full text]
  • Reconstruction and Characterization of Full-Length Begomovirus and Alphasatellite Genomes Infecting Pepper Through Metagenomics
    viruses Article Reconstruction and Characterization of Full-Length Begomovirus and Alphasatellite Genomes Infecting Pepper through Metagenomics Verónica A. Bornancini 1,2, José M. Irazoqui 2,3 , Ceferino R. Flores 4, Carlos G. Vaghi Medina 1 , Ariel F. Amadio 2,3 and Paola M. López Lambertini 1,* 1 Instituto de Patología Vegetal, IPAVE-CIAP-INTA, 5000 Córdoba, Argentina; [email protected] (V.A.B.); [email protected] (C.G.V.M.) 2 Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Argentina; [email protected] (J.M.I.); [email protected] (A.F.A.) 3 Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Rafaela-INTA, 2300 Rafaela, Santa Fe, Argentina 4 Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Yuto-INTA, 4518 Yuto, Argentina; cefefl[email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 8 December 2019; Accepted: 16 January 2020; Published: 11 February 2020 Abstract: In northwestern Argentina (NWA), pepper crops are threatened by the emergence of begomoviruses due to the spread of its vector, Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius). The genus Begomovirus includes pathogens that can have a monopartite or bipartite genome and are occasionally associated with sub-viral particles called satellites. This study characterized the diversity of begomovirus and alphasatellite species infecting pepper in NWA using a metagenomic approach. Using RCA-NGS (rolling circle amplification-next generation sequencing), 19 full-length begomovirus genomes (DNA-A and DNA-B) and one alphasatellite were assembled. This ecogenomic approach revealed six begomoviruses in single infections: soybean blistering mosaic virus (SbBMV), tomato yellow spot virus (ToYSV), tomato yellow vein streak virus (ToYVSV), tomato dwarf leaf virus (ToDfLV), sida golden mosaic Brazil virus (SiGMBRV), and a new proposed species, named pepper blistering leaf virus (PepBLV).
    [Show full text]
  • Mini Data Sheet on Tomato Yellow Mosaic Begomovirus
    EPPO, 2001 Mini data sheet on Tomato yellow mosaic begomovirus Added in 2000 – Deleted in 2001 Reasons for deletion: Tomato yellow mosaic begomovirus wa already covered by the list of Bemisia-transmitted viruses in EU regulations. It was not considered to be an alert situation. In 2001, it was therefore removed from the EPPO Alert List. Tomato yellow mosaic begomovirus Why Tomato yellow mosaic begomovirus came to our attention as causing an emerging disease of tomato in the Americas. The disease was first reported in Venezuela in 1963 as a virus transmitted by Bemisia tabaci. Where Venezuela. The VIDE database mentions its presence in Brazil (as mosaico dourado do tomateiro which is also the disease name of Tomato golden mosaic begomovirus in Brazil?) On which plants Tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum). Natural infection has once been reported in potato (Solanum tuberosum) causing up to 70 % losses in potato cv. Sebago (Debrot & Centeno, 1985). Weeds like Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme and L. pimpinellifolium are reported as natural hosts. Damage Symptoms are a golden yellow mosaic and stunting. No fruit is produced if plants are infected early. It is reported that tomato yellow mosaic has caused millions of dollar losses in tomato commercial fields in Venezuela. By the time of flowering, 90-100 % of tomato plants could become infected by the virus (Piven et al., 1995) Transmission Transmitted by Bemisia tabaci. Note It is not clear whether Tomato yellow mosaic in Venezuela and Tomato golden mosaic in Brazil are caused by distinct begomoviruses. Relationships between Tomato yellow mosaic and Potato yellow mosaic begomoviruses are not known.
    [Show full text]
  • Infected with Sweet Potato Leaf Curl Virus Revista Mexicana De Fitopatología, Vol
    Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología ISSN: 0185-3309 [email protected] Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología, A.C. México Valverde, Rodrigo A.; Clark, Christopher A.; Fauquet, Claude M. Properties of a Begomovirus Isolated from Sweet Potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] Infected with Sweet potato leaf curl virus Revista Mexicana de Fitopatología, vol. 21, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2003, pp. 128-136 Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología, A.C. Texcoco, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=61221206 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative 128 / Volumen 21, Número 2, 2003 Properties of a Begomovirus Isolated from Sweet Potato [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] Infected with Sweet potato leaf curl virus Pongtharin Lotrakul, Rodrigo A. Valverde, Christopher A. Clark, Department of Plant Pathology and Crop Physiology, Louisiana Agricultural Experiment Station, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA; and Claude M. Fauquet, ILTAB/Donald Danford Plant Science Center, UMSL, CME R308, 8001 Natural Bridge Road, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA. GenBank Accession numbers for nucleotide sequence: AF326775. Correspondence to: [email protected] (Received: November 6, 2002 Accepted: February 12, 2003) Lotrakul, P., Valverde, R.A., Clark, C.A., and Fauquet, C.M. potato leaf curl virus (SPLCV). Por medio de la reacción en 2003. Properties of a Begomovirus isolated from sweet potato cadena de la polimerasa (PCR), utilizando oligonucleótidos [Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.] infected with Sweet potato leaf específicos para SPLCV, se confirmó la presencia de SPLCV.
    [Show full text]
  • The Origin and Evolution of Geminivirus-Related DNA Sequences in Nicotiana
    Heredity (2004) 92, 352–358 & 2004 Nature Publishing Group All rights reserved 0018-067X/04 $25.00 www.nature.com/hdy The origin and evolution of geminivirus-related DNA sequences in Nicotiana L Murad1, JP Bielawski2, R Matyasek1,3, A Kovarı´k3, RA Nichols1, AR Leitch1 and CP Lichtenstein1 1School of Biological Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK; 2Department of Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London, UK; 3Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Kra´lovopolska´ 135, 612 65 Brno, Czech Republic A horizontal transmission of a geminiviral DNA sequence, and found none within the GRD3 and GRD5 families. into the germ line of an ancestral Nicotiana, gave rise to However, the substitutions between GRD3 and GRD5 do multiple repeats of geminivirus-related DNA, GRD, in the show a significant excess of synonymous changes, suggest- genome. We follow GRD evolution in Nicotiana tabacum ing purifying selection and hence a period of autonomous (tobacco), an allotetraploid, and its diploid relatives, and evolution between GRD3 and GRD5 integration. We observe show GRDs are derived from begomoviruses. GRDs in the GRD3 family, features of Helitrons, a major new class occur in two families: the GRD5 family’s ancestor integrated of putative rolling-circle replicating eukaryotic transposon, into the common ancestor of three diploid species, not found in the GRD5 family or geminiviruses. We speculate Nicotiana kawakamii, Nicotiana tomentosa and Nicotiana that the second integration event, resulting in the GRD3 tomentosiformis, on homeologous group 4 chromosomes. family, involved a free-living geminivirus, a Helitron and The GRD3 family was acquired more recently on chromo- perhaps also GRD5.
    [Show full text]
  • The Incredible Journey of Begomoviruses in Their Whitefly Vector
    Review The Incredible Journey of Begomoviruses in Their Whitefly Vector Henryk Czosnek 1,*, Aliza Hariton-Shalev 1, Iris Sobol 1, Rena Gorovits 1 and Murad Ghanim 2 1 Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel; [email protected] (A.H.-S.); [email protected] (I.S.); [email protected] (R.G.) 2 Department of Entomology, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, HaMaccabim Road 68, Rishon LeZion, 7505101, Israel; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +972-54-8820-627 Received: 28 August 2017; Accepted: 18 September 2017; Published: 24 September 2017 Abstract: Begomoviruses are vectored in a circulative persistent manner by the whitefly Bemisia tabaci. The insect ingests viral particles with its stylets. Virions pass along the food canal and reach the esophagus and the midgut. They cross the filter chamber and the midgut into the haemolymph, translocate into the primary salivary glands and are egested with the saliva into the plant phloem. Begomoviruses have to cross several barriers and checkpoints successfully, while interacting with would-be receptors and other whitefly proteins. The bulk of the virus remains associated with the midgut and the filter chamber. In these tissues, viral genomes, mainly from the tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) family, may be transcribed and may replicate. However, at the same time, virus amounts peak, and the insect autophagic response is activated, which in turn inhibits replication and induces the destruction of the virus.
    [Show full text]