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Underground Sociabilities: Identity, Culture, and Resistance in Rio De Janeiro’S Favelas / Sandra Jovchelovitch and Jacqueline Priego-Hernandez

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Underground Sociabilities: Identity, Culture, and Resistance in Rio De Janeiro’S Favelas / Sandra Jovchelovitch and Jacqueline Priego-Hernandez The authors “This research project is an opportunity to give voice to the voiceless, It is possible to improve the world providing them with the means to make themselves heard. This is what UNESCO works to achieve.” Throughout its 26 years of existence, Itau Cultural has consolidated its position as a Irina Bokova, UNESCO Director-General facilitator, always concerned with the creativity and the sensibility of people, whether they are artists, cultural agents or the general public. Its activities are focused on creating experiences that somehow transform lives. “The project Underground Sociabilities exposes the divisions of identity, culture, and resistance in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas in Rio de Janeiro’s and resistance culture, identity, UND Rio de Janeiro and disturbs the imaginary of the city. The research The Institute believes in the power of transformation of AfroReggae, CUFA and sheds light on what we do and shows that the bridges constructed their leaders. When UNESCO and the London School of Economics proposed the by AfroReggae and CUFA are important for everyone.” E Underground Sociabilities research project, which would study the way CUFA and RGR José Júnior, Executive Coordinator and Founder of AfroReggae AfroReggae work and live in the communities, it was clear that Itau needed to support this project. “This project is a hallmark in our lives and in the lives of CUFA and O The initiative made two entities within the Itau Unibanco Group join efforts: the Itau Sandra Jovchelovitch is Professor of Social UND S Psychology at the London School of Economics AfroReggae.” UNDERGROUND Social Foundation and Itau Cultural working together as partners and supporters of the and Political Science and Fellow of the British Celso Athayde, Founder of Central Única das Favelas (CUFA) entire process. It took more than three years from the beginning of the study to the Psychological Society. She is director of the MSc SOCIABILITIES launching of this book, including the seminars and the presentation of results. Everyone in Social and Cultural Psychology at LSE. involved learned so much more than what was originally expected. “This research has mastered an indomitable object. It offers OCIABILI comprehensive and valuable data about one of the most important A new model of partnership between international institutions, the private sector and innovative phenomena taking place in the Brazilian public identity, culture and resistance and the communities was created. A project that brought together teams working in sphere today: the participation and recognition of young citizens of in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas different fronts in Rio de Janeiro, London, Brasilia and Sao Paulo, all moved by the same desire: increase the number of people who have access to initiatives such as CUFA and the favelas and peripheries of the cities of Brazil.” AfroReggae, making more people believe that it is possible to change, and to improve, Silvia Ramos, Professor of Sociology, Coordinator of the Center for T the world. Studies on Security and Citizenship (CESeC) IE S ANA DE FÁTIMA SOUsa Communication and Relations Manager at Itau Cultural Jacqueline Priego-Hernandez holds a PhD in Social Psychology from the London School of Economics and Political Science where she works as a researcher. opção com o ícone integrado UNDERGROUND SOCIABILITIES identity, culture, and resistance in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas Brasilia, 2013 RESEARCH TEAM PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Sandra Jovchelovitch (LSE) RESEARCH OFFICER Jacqueline Priego-Hernández (LSE) ACADEMIC CONSULTANTS Angela Arruda (UFRJ) Paula Castro (ISCTE, Lisbon) Martin W. Bauer (LSE) DIRECTOR OF FIELDWORK Damian Platt, MBE (LSE) RESEARCH ASSISTANTS Cristal Oliveira Moniz de Aragão (UFRJ) Ana Carolina Dias Cruz (UFRJ) Rhaniele de Lanteuil (LSE, UFRJ) Marcela Oassé Silva Figueiredo (UFRJ) Vlad Petre Glăveanu (LSE) Fernando Lannes (LSE) Deborah Levitan (LSE) Thiago Benedito Livramento Melício (UFRJ) Fernanda Mena (LSE) Roberta Novis (LSE) UNDERGROUND SOCIABILITIES identity, culture, and resistance in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas Sandra Jovchelovitch Jacqueline Priego-Hernández Published by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 7, Place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France. This publication is the result of a research partnership between UNESCO Office in Brazil and the London School of Economics and Political Sciences (LSE), Itau Cultural, Fundacao Itau Social, Central Unica das Favelas (CUFA), Grupo Cultural AfroReggae and the Ministry of Culture in Brazil. © 2013 UNESCO and the authors. All rights reserved. Technical Review: Sandra Jovchelovitch, Jacqueline Priego-Hernández, and the Social and Human Sciences Sector of UNESCO Office in Brazil Proofreading: Sue Howard and the Publication Unit of UNESCO Office in Brazil Graphic Design: Itau Cultural Jovchelovitch, Sandra Underground sociabilities: identity, culture, and resistance in Rio de Janeiro’s favelas / Sandra Jovchelovitch and Jacqueline Priego-Hernandez. – Brasilia : UNESCO, 2013. 244 p., illus. Incl. Bibl. ISBN: 978-85-7652-180-8 1. Socialization 2. Social Research 3. Social Integration 4. Social Behaviour 5. Favelas 6. Brazil I. Priego-Hernandez, Jacqueline II. UNESCO UNESCO – Office in Brazil SAUS, Quadra 5, Bloco H, Lote 6 Ed. CNPq/IBICT/UNESCO, 9º andar 70070-912 – Brasilia/DF – Brasil Tel.: (55 61) 2106-3500 Fax: (55 61) 2106-3967 Website: www.unesco.org/brasilia E-mail: [email protected] facebook.com/unesconarede twitter: @unescobrasil Printed in Brazil The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The authors are responsible for the choice and the presentation of the facts contained in this book and for the opinions expressed therein, which are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. To the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, to their people and their history. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS We are grateful to Milu Villela and to Marlova Noleto, with whom we have talked about AfroReggae and CUFA from the very beginning of our visits to Rio de Janeiro. Conversations in London, in Rio and in Sao Paulo allowed ideas to be developed and strengthened the possibility of this project. It was by listening to them that we further understood that there was something important to study in the reality of these groups. It was a privilege to have them both as interlocutors at the beginning of our journey. The fact that the research took place and evolved as a conversation between partners is an achievement of all who worked together to make it happen. We are grateful to Antonio Jacinto Matias and Isabel Santana at Itau Social; Ana de Fatima Sousa, Eduardo Saron and Isabella Protta at Itau Cultural; Alessandra Lins, Bruna Camargo, Evandro Joao da Silva (in memoriam), Jose Junior, Vanessa Andrade and Washington Rimas at AfroReggae; Celso Athayde, Fernanda Boriello and Nega Gizza at CUFA; Ana Thereza Botafogo Proenca, Beatriz Maria Godinho Barros Coelho, Jurema Machado, Karla Skeff, Rosana Pereira and Sofia Neiva at UNESCO Office in Brazil. A special thank you goes to Beatriz Maria Godinho Barros Coelho, and to the Publication Unit of UNESCO, in particular Maria Luiza Monteiro Bueno e Silva and Ivan Sousa Rocha for their care and attention in producing this book. Alice Andres contributed a great deal as a rapporteur of our seminars and discussions. Our team of field researchers has been superb and has faced with great courage and determination the task of working in a difficult to reach – and at times dangerous – terrain: Ana Carolina Cruz, Cristal Aragao, Rhaniele de Lanteuil, Thiago Melicio and Marcela Figueiredo. We are grateful to Damian Platt, who provided vital support as director of the fieldwork at the beginning of the project. Angela Arruda, Martin W. Bauer and Paula Castro offered invaluable academic input at various stages of this project. Marie-Claude Gervais (Ethnos Research UK) and Deena Freeman, Gareth Jones, David Lewis, Francisco Panizza and Fran Tonkiss (LSE) offered interdisciplinary insight and a much needed critical eye during a seminar that discussed the research’s preliminary findings. We are grateful for the administrative support and guidance received from Michael Oliver and Davina Nauth at the LSE Research Division and to Jacqueline Crane and Daniel Linehan at the Department of Social Psychology. Steve Bennett, Steve Gaskell and Ly Voo at the LSE Psychology Workshop supported the technical and digital aspects of the research with much dedication and patience. Finally and above all, we are grateful to the openness and generosity of each one of the participants in this research. It was only because they were prepared to talk and tell difficult stories that this project was ultimately possible. IN MEMORIAM We would like to make a special mention in memory of Evandro João da Silva, for his assistance and dedication in the first stage of this research. LIST OF TABLES, FIGURES AND ILLUSTRATIONS TABLES 1.1 Data Streams and Methodology 2.1 Population Growth in Favelas and in Rio de Janeiro 2.2 GINI and Poverty Index: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, Favela and Asphalt 3.1 Religious Denomination in the Communities Studied 3.2 The Self in the Community: Belonging, Rejection of Fear and Cohesion 5.1 AfroReggae and CUFA: Activities and Results 6.1 Indicators
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