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REPUBLIC of AZERBAIJAN on the Rights of the Manuscript ABSTRACT REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN On the rights of the manuscript ABSTRACT of the dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy THE MAIN DIRECTIONS OF THE NATIONAL SECURITY POLICY OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN IN THE THEORETICAL LEGACY OF HEYDAR ALIYEV Specialty: 5908.01 - "Political theory" Field of science: Political science Applicant: Maftuna Rashid Abdullayeva Baku – 2021 The work was performed at the Department of Political Science and Sociology of Baku State University. Scientific supervisor (consultant): Ali Javad Ahmedov PhD in Philosophy, professor Official opponents: Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor Aida Mammad Yusifzade Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, Professor Rena Rza Mirzazade PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor Rajab Zakir Rahimli Dissertation Council FD 2.30 of Supreme Attestation Commission under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan operating at the Academy of Public Administration under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Chairman of the Dissertation council Doctor of Biology, Academician _____________ Urkhan Kazim Alakbarov (signature) Scientific secretary of the Dissertation council Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor _____________ Ziyafat Ziya Habibova (signature) Chairman of the scientific seminar Doctor of Philosophical Sciences, professor _____________ Alikram Zakir Abdullayev (signature) 2 Introduction Relevance of the topic: After gaining independence, the Azerbaijani state faced the need to pursue domestic and foreign policy, which allows it to build a democratic, legal and secular state.A correct understanding of national interests, the choice of the optimal course of domestic and foreign policy of the state have become a vital national need.The realization and maintenance of national interests required the creation of security conditions and the formation of its foundations. All this was impossible in the first years of independence in the conditions of ever-deepening crises in all spheres, failures on the front line as a result of incompetent leadership of the country.Only in the summer of 1993, at the insistent demand of the people, national leader Heydar Aliyev, who returned to power, created a perfect concept of statehood based on scientific principles and intellectual potential, and made a deep scientific, theoretical and practical contribution to the sphere of public administration.The concept of statehood of Heydar Aliyev provided for the creation of equal opportunities for citizens of the country in all spheres of society. In the theoretical heritage of Heydar Aliyev, an important place is occupied by his philosophy of statehood, national-spiritual and ideological-political worldview.His policy formed the scientific and theoretical basis for the transition from a command-administrative system to a new society in Azerbaijan.Explaining the essence of building a new society in Azerbaijan, our great leader said: "Establishing the rule of law in our republic, building a democratic civilized society, ensuring human freedoms - these are the principles that we have adopted from the very beginning. ".1 The concept of statehood of Heydar Aliyev became a real strategy for the young Republic of Azerbaijan, which gained independence from the imperial and totalitarian system, but faced the conflicting interests of regional and world powers, trying to determine its place in the globalized world.Among the main directions in his theoretical 1 Aliyev H.A. The path of independence. Selected ideas, p.8. Baku. Azerneshr, 1997, 135 p. 3 heritage, national security policy occupies a special place.Within the framework of this policy, the priority is to protect the independence and territorial integrity of the country, and to effectively coordinate the national security of Azerbaijan with the international security system.These theoretically justified provisions fully and clearly express that all possibilities and all means will be used to restore the territorial integrity of the country. Emphasizing the foresight of the national leader, Academician R. Mehdiyev notes: "Heydar Aliyev was well aware that the main tool in the development strategy, which is essentially focused on the future, is the early revival of the economy, the creation of the most favorable conditions for the use of natural resources, economic, educational, scientific and cultural potential of Azerbaijan." With the adoption of the Constitution of the Republic of Azerbaijan, the author of which is the national leader Heydar Aliyev, the legal framework of national security was created, the Constitution, acting as a guarantor of security, establishes the basic principles of the national security policy, ensuring the implementation of national interests.In general, the theoretical and conceptual provisions of the national security policy of Heydar Aliyev for the near and long term, aimed primarily at creating socio-political stability in the country, determined the main directions of this policy.On the other hand, these provisions stated that ensuring national security is a systematic, long- term and continuous process.All this formed the basis for the consistent activity of a wise leader in this area, aimed at fulfilling the assigned tasks in accordance with the new realities.The study of these issues is of particular importance and relevance for the development of both Azerbaijani political science and our independent statehood.In this context, it is necessary to comprehensively and systematically study the theoretical and practical issues that were pursued by the national leader of Azerbaijan, Heydar Aliyev.The main content of domestic and foreign policy is national interests and national security.Studying the problem from this point of view is of particular importance, therefore it cannot be excluded from the scientific analysis carried out. 4 National security is a key factor in state-building and creating stability.This important point is the central direction of theoretical thought, conceptual approaches. The study of ensuring the national security of the Republic of Azerbaijan in the context of the theoretical heritage of Heydar Aliyev is becoming an increasingly popular social reality, which makes it necessary to study these issues.The modern national security strategy of Azerbaijan is closely connected with the name of the genius leader. The political course of Heydar Aliyev in this and other areas, as well as his theoretical and practical legacy, are being developed politically by his worthy successor, President of the Republic of Azerbaijan Ilham Aliyev, and this continues with great confidence and success. It was under his wise leadership that important reforms were carried out in this direction, and the necessary legal framework was strengthened. In this regard, the adoption of the Law of the Republic of Azerbaijan "On National Security", the Concept of National Security and a number of other normative legal acts is of great importance. All this made it possible to create a solid foundation for the safe development of an independent Azerbaijani statehood. One of the greatest achievements in the implementation of the national security policy and national interests of our state is the preservation and development of the traditions and ideas of Heydar Aliyev, which played a special role in achieving the Great Victory of Azerbaijan over the aggressor Armenia under the leadership of the country's President, Supreme Commander-in-Chief Ilham Aliyev in the 44-day Patriotic War and contributed to ensuring reliable security in the territories liberated from occupation. National leader Heydar Aliyev, within the framework of his doctrine of statehood, created a national ideology - the ideology of modern Azerbaijanism, which unites the citizens of independent Azerbaijan and mobilizes people around a common idea, goals and objectives.At the same time, Heydar Aliyev, while preserving the principle of continuity in the formation of the national-ideological system of views, turned to Azerbaijanism as a unifying idea and 5 platform for the national unity of Azerbaijanis living all over the world. The above-mentioned points to the importance of a systematic study of the directions of ensuring national security in the theoretical heritage of Heydar Aliyev from the theoretical and practical points of view and once again confirms the relevance of the topic of the presented dissertation. The degree of scientific elaboration of the dissertation topic The theoretical legacy of the world famous brilliant politician and statesman, national leader Heydar Aliyev, as well as the national security policy of independent Azerbaijan in this context, its conceptual foundations and implementation mechanism are of great interest to a wide range of politicians and scientists and researchers.From this point of view, first of all, the studies of Azerbaijani scientists Ramiz Mehdiyev, Ali Ahmedov, Majid Efendiyev, Hikmet Babaoglu, Aydin Mirzazade, Irada Huseynova, Hidayat Orujov, Jalil Khalilov and other authors were considered and commented on.1 Issues of internal and external security of the Republic of Azerbaijan, as well as geopolitical aspects of national security were studied in the books "Fundamentals of National Security" by Z. Hasanaliyev, "National Security Strategy" by J. Halilov, "Fundamentals of National Security" by J. Gasimov and N. Nagiyev, "Political Strategy and National Security" by A. Piriev. Studies by Russian scientists on this issue are also interesting.Various aspects of the problem were studied, considered in 1
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