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Biodiversity Research That Matters! Report of an Electronic Conference, November 2004

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Biodiversity Research That Matters! Report of an Electronic Conference, November 2004 Biodiversity research that matters! Report of an electronic conference, November 2004 E-Conference Organisation: Juliette Young, Phil Lambdon, Allan Watt, Malcolm Collie and Denise Wright Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Hill of Brathens, Glassel Banchory AB31 4BW, UK Barbara Gray Tias Business School, Tilburg University Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB Tilburg, The Netherlands Sandra Rientjes European Centre for Nature Conservation - ECNC PO Box 90154 5000 LG Tilburg, The Netherlands Adriana Vella Conservation Research Section Biology Department, University of Malta Msida, Malta Karin Zaunberger European Commission Management of Natural Resources and Services, Biodiversity Sector, DG RTD, I3-1 Brussels, Belgium BioPlatform (EVK2-CT-2001-20009): Isabel Sousa Pinto (Project Coordinator) University of Porto CIIMAR, University of Porto R. dos Bragas, 177 4150-123 Porto, Portugal Martin Sharman (European Commission Contact): Head of Sector, Biodiversity Post: European Commission Office: LX46 2/74 B-1049 Brussels, Belgium Research DG I-4 Biodiversity and Marine Environments Geographic Address: Rue Luxembourg, 46 The publication should be cited as follows: Young, J., Gray, B., Lambdon, P., Rientjes, S., Vella, A., Zaunberger, K. and Watt, A.D. (Editors). 2004. Biodiversity research that matters! Report of an electronic conference. Contents Contents .......................................................................................................................... 1 Preface ............................................................................................................................ 2 Summary ......................................................................................................................... 3 List of contributions ........................................................................................................10 Biodiversity and Trade.....................................................................................................14 Biodiversity and Tourism.................................................................................................35 Biodiversity and Transport...............................................................................................82 Island Biodiversity ..........................................................................................................86 Science-Policy Interface ................................................................................................114 References....................................................................................................................164 Preface Research on biodiversity is essential to help the European Union and EU Member States to implement the Convention on Biological Diversity as well as reach the target of halting the loss of biodiversity in Europe by 2010. The need for co-ordination between researchers, the policy-makers that need research results and the organisations that fund research is reflected in the aims of the BioPlatform network. BioPlatform is a network of scientists and policy makers that work in different fields of biodiversity and aims at improving the effectiveness and relevance of European biodiversity research, fulfilling functions that provide significant components of a European Research Area. BioPlatform supports the existing “European Platform for Biodiversity Research Strategy” (EPBRS), a forum of scientists and policy makers representing the EU countries, whose aims are to promote discussion of EU biodiversity research strategies and priorities, exchange of information on national biodiversity activities and the dissemination of current best practices and information regarding the scientific understanding of biodiversity conservation. This is a report of the BioPlatform E-conference entitled “Biodiversity Research that matters!” preceding the EPBRS meeting to be held under the Dutch Presidency of the European Union in Amsterdam, the Netherlands from the 10th to the 13th December 2004. 2 Summary The Message from Malahide and the Killarney Recommendations set ambitious goals for biodiversity research in support of the 2010 targets. How are these goals to be reached? How can the scientific content of the Killarney Recommendations be translated into policy and implemented? While there are many examples of constructive and effective co-operation between biodiversity research and biodiversity policy-making, the link between research and policy is not always effective. The aim of this BioPlatform e-conference and the Amsterdam EPBRS meeting is to explore research–policy interaction in the field of biodiversity, to help to reach the 2010 targets. The e-conference and meeting will draw conclusions about the factors that influence the success of research-policy interaction in biodiversity, and identify ways to stimulate interaction between researchers, policy makers and the public. One of the products of the Amsterdam EPBRS meeting will be an inventory of realistic actions that can be undertaken to improve interaction between biodiversity science and biodiversity policy. Concrete opportunities for action to improve the research-policy interface will be sought in the implementation of the Killarney Declaration, in the preparation of the EU’s 7th Framework Programme and the forthcoming SBSTTA (Subsidiary Body on Scientific, Technical and Technological Advice (SBSTTA) of the Convention of Biodiversity (CBD) meeting (February 2005). The meeting will identify information gaps related to the aims of the Killarney declaration and identify a number of well-defined actions, resulting in an action plan that will further increase policy focus and policy relevance of the Killarney declaration. In the context of the CBD, the meeting will provide recommendations that can be directly applied to topics in discussion at the meeting of SBSTTA scheduled for February 2005. In order to reach those aims, the e-conference, run by Bioplatform and chaired by Barbara Gray, had five sessions running in parallel, on the following themes: - Biodiversity related to trade, chaired by Karin Zaunberger and Juliette Young - Biodiversity related to tourism, chaired by Adriana Vella - Biodiversity related to transport - Island biodiversity, chaired by Phil Lambdon - Science-policy interface, chaired by Patricia Wagenmakers and Sandra Rientjes 3 The overall conclusions from those sessions are as follows: Biodiversity related to trade It was evident in this session that the relationship between trade and biodiversity encompasses various different sectors. These include the connection between trade and invasive species and the issue of sustainable use of resources including the wildlife trade. The transport and tourism sectors are also intrinsically interlinked with the issue of trade and biodiversity. During the session, the following research priorities were identified by participants regarding the relationship between biodiversity and trade: 1. Identify the impacts of trade on resource management taking into account the fact that each specific management problem affecting biodiversity will need to be analysed case by case in order to determine the linkages between the key economic, ecological and institutional drivers; 2. Better understand the principles and functioning of biological invasions in order to minimise the risks of non-native species transported unintentionally and unknowingly through trade activities; 3. Develop reliable methods to detect living creatures in packing material; 4. Understand the effects of selective removal of valuable species; 5. Create a system for the traceability of genetic resources (for example barcodes); 6. Elaborate strategies to better internalise the costs of biodiversity impacts of trade; 7. Elaborate the principle of “consumer’s environmental and socia l liability”. An example was the inclusion of social costs arising from the cultivation of soybean in its final price; 8. Understand how to translate biodiversity events into financial terms; 9. Understand how financial decisions impact on biodiversity; 10. Understand the factors which shape the present and future market for biodiversity outcomes: a) Understand the unique characteristics of a market for biodiversity outcomes; b) Understand the processes that strengthen and sustain such a market; 11. Investigate the impact of UNCTAD’s BioTrade initiative (http://www.biotrade.org/); 12. Understand the livelihood aspects of harvesting and trading in wildlife products; 13. Investigate the role of transportation linked with trade activities and its impact on biodiversity; 14. Investigate the specific and broad opportunities for biodiversity markets from knowledge of the properties of biodiversity products that may interest world markets to the best way to forge effective stakeholder partnerships; 15. Understand consumer behaviour and market demand for goods and services derived directly or indirectly from biodiversity: How is the demand for biodiversity currently expressed? Who experiences this demand? Which factors will most influence this demand and its visibility? Who can increase and decrease the appetite for biodiversity? Or in marketing terms, how well does the offering of the brand “biodiversity” meet this demand? 16. Create a truly integrated evidence-based mechanism for valuating ecosystems/landscapes in terms of biodiversity supported, environment services provided and potential income generated. Biodiversity related to tourism The contributions received during the Tourism and Biodiversity session
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