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September / October AMERICAN & INTERNATIONAL SOCIETIES FOR YAD VASHEM Vol. 44-No. 1 ISSN 0892-1571 September/October 2017-Tishri/Cheshvan 5778 AUSCHWITZ ARTIFACTS TO GO ON TOUR millionaires over this,’ I would object,” um, which is on the site of the former the trust of the board of the Auschwitz BY JOANNA BERENDT, said Rabbi Marvin Hier, who founded camp, in southern Poland. “We had museum, which was surprised to THE NEW YORK TIMES the Simon Wiesenthal Center, a been thinking about this for a long receive such a request from an exhi- Jewish human-rights organization. time, but we lacked the know-how.” bition company outside the museum ore than 72 years after the lib- “But if they’re making what is normal- Even though the Holocaust remains world. eration of Auschwitz, the first M ly considered to be a fair amount of a major focus of study by historians The museum demanded that the traveling exhibition about the Nazi profit since the final end is that hun- and is a staple of school curriculum in artifacts be kept secured at all times death camp will begin a journey later dreds of thousands of people maybe many countries, knowledge about the and that the exhibition comply with this year to 14 cities across Europe the museum’s strict conservation and North America, taking heart- requirements, including finding proper breaking artifacts to multitudes who transportation and storage, as well as have never seen such horror up choosing exhibition spaces with suffi- close. cient lighting and climate control. The endeavor is one of the most The museum also insisted that the high-profile attempts to educate and artifacts be presented in historical immerse young people for whom the context, especially because many Holocaust is a fading and ill-under- aspects of World War II are only stood slice of history. The Anne Frank vaguely understood by younger gen- House, the Jewish Museum Berlin, erations. For instance, in Spain, ask- the United States Holocaust Memorial ing about the history and place of Museum and others all find them- Jews in Europe “would probably get selves grappling with ways to engage some strange answers.” The exhibi- an attention-challenged world with a tion will show that Spain — which dur- dark part of its past. ing the war was led by Francisco Yet anything that smacks of putting Franco, a dictator and ally of Adolf Auschwitz on tour instantly raises Hitler — was not home to large sensitivities. Organizers of the exhibi- Jewish communities and did not have tion, which include the Auschwitz- A child’s shoe and sock. extensive connections with the Birkenau State Museum itself, took in different places all over the world camps is fading for younger genera- Holocaust; yet there were notable pains to explain that, yes, visitors will see the exhibit — I think that’s tions, he said. exceptions, like Ángel Sanz Briz, a would probably be charged to enter in quite legitimate.” he exhibition will make its first Spanish diplomat who saved more at least some locations. But officials The exhibition will include pieces stop in Madrid, aiming for an than 5,000 Jews in Hungary from at that museum and the company T from the museum such as a barracks; opening around December, and then deportation to Auschwitz. behind the exhibition say that their a freight car of the same type used to tour for seven years. “In other words, we want to show intent is not to create a moneymaker transport prisoners; letters and testi- It is no longer enough to “sit inside that the Franco regime was certainly out of the suffering of millions of Nazi monials; and a gas mask, a tin that four walls, stare at the door and wait very sympathetic to the Nazis,” said victims. contained Zyklon B gas pellets and for visitors to come in,” Mr. Cywinski Robert Jan van Pelt, a history profes- Several prominent Jewish leaders other grim remainders from the com- said, so museum officials decided to sor at the University of Waterloo in expressed support for taking pieces plex’s gas chambers. reach out to a more global audience. Canada and a Holocaust scholar who of Auschwitz to people who might not Seven years in the making, the exhi- The exhibition was broached in has been working on the exhibition. otherwise see this history. They said bition is a response to growing anti- 2010 when Musealia, a family-owned “But individual Spaniards could make, that they were not overly concerned Semitism in Europe and elsewhere, company whose shows include arti- and made, a difference.” about an entrance fee; organizers those involved with it said. facts from the Titanic, approached the As for the morality of charging said that they would ask for it to be “We have never done anything like museum. money to see artifacts from a death small, if any, and for admission to be this before, and it’s the first project of Luis Ferreiro, the company’s direc- camp, and potentially turning a profit, free for students. this magnitude ever,” said Piotr tor, said the idea came while he was Mr. Ferreiro said that traveling exhibi- “If you’re telling me, ‘Gee, they’re Cywinski, director of the state muse- grieving the death of his 25-year-old tions like this one usually generated coming out and they’re going to be brother. He had found consolation in huge expenses. Putting the display Man’s Search for Meaning, a book by together has already cost more than a Holocaust survivor and psychiatrist, $1.5 million, and there are no guaran- IN THIS ISSUE Viktor E. Frankl, about his experi- tees “the exhibit will even be sustain- Yad Vashem marks 75 years since murders of Polish Jewish educators........2 ences in four extermination camps able,” Mr. Ferreiro said. The Nazis built a luxury camp to lull the Jews before murdering them......3 after his pregnant wife, his parents Musealia will offer museums that Stolen words: The Nazi plunder of Jewish books.........................................4 and brother all perished. want to host the exhibition a flat fee Why are there crosses on Eastern Europe’s Holocaust memorials?..........5 Inspired by the book’s lessons for for transportation, installation, design “He should be as well known as Schindler”.................................................6 spiritual survival, Mr. Ferreiro said he and all the content. Saved by art: How one man’s skill got him through seven Nazi camps....8 decided to try to bring the subject of “We need to earn an income to sus- “I condemned my mother to the gas chamber with one wrong word”......10 the Holocaust closer to those who tain ourselves and keep the enter- The Jews who fought for freedom in the ring..............................................14 might never have a chance to visit the prise going,” Mr. Ferreiro said, “but Jewish woman who entered the lion’s den..................................................15 museum. our goal is to focus on larger social Save the date: ASYV Annual Tribute Dinner................................................16 It took time for Mr. Ferreiro to gain (Continued on page 13) Page 2 MARTYRDOM & RESISTANCE September/October 2017 - Tishri/Cheshvan 5778 YAD VASHEM MARKS 75 YEARS SINCE MURDERS OF POLISH JEWISH EDUCATORS lived in Korczak’s orphanage in uncompromising battle for survival, 1935, Wilczynska visited Mandatory BY TAMARA ZIEVE, Warsaw; the other is Yitzhak Belfer, the desperation, and often the Palestine and lived at kibbutz Ein JERUSALEM POST 88. Neither man was able to attend extreme loneliness. But not about Harod before returning to Warsaw in the event owing to their health, but love. n August Yad Vashem hosted a Belfer, who had been scheduled to “Janusz Korczak was day of events to remember Polish I lay a wreath beside the monument the quintessential father Jewish educators Janusz Korczak commemorating Korczak and the chil- figure, educator and and Stefania Wilczynska, who sacri- dren sent to their deaths, released a democrat in a world of no ficed their lives to care for orphans in statement in his honor. tomorow,” Shik contin- the Warsaw ghetto. Yitzhak Belfer recalled the “great ued. “He was a man of Both refused to abandon the chil- love” he had for Korczak. “I was boundless love and dedi- dren for safer hideouts. On August 5, seven years old when I arrived at the cation toward the children 1942, the Nazis rounded up Korczak, orphanage, and under his protection and was granted the care in the orphanage.” opportunity to be At the conclusion of the educated under seminar, a memorial cere- him for eight of the mony took place at Yad most important Vashem’s Janusz years of my life,” Korczak Square, with a he said. “The doc- representative of the tor walked among Polish Embassy among us like any other those in attendance. After person, never that, Hamachanot Haolim patronizing — members flew dozens of spreading love kites, to represent and concern for Korczak’s educational Janusz Korczak Square at Yad Vashem, Jerusalem. the children’s worldview, and to honor Janusz Korczak and Stefania Wilczynska. needs. In the his legacy of respect, love and equal- 1939. After the Nazi occupation of orphanage, we ity of rights. Poland, the members of Ein Harod Wilczynska and the 200 children of learned to believe in people, in the Janusz Korczak was the pen name arranged for her to leave Poland, but the orphanage. They marched in rows inclination for good that exists within of Henryk Goldszmit, a doctor, author she turned the offer down and moved to the Umschlagplatz gathering point, each and every one of us.” and educator. He dedicated his life to to the ghetto along with Korczak and with Korczak in the lead.
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