foods Article Pre-Fermentation Water Addition to High-Sugar Shiraz Must: Effects on Wine Composition and Sensory Properties Bo Teng 1,2 , Paul R. Petrie 2,3,4,5, Damian Espinase Nandorfy 2, Paul Smith 2,6 and Keren Bindon 2,* 1 College of Science, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China;
[email protected] 2 The Australian Wine Research Institute, P.O. Box 197, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia;
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[email protected] (P.S.) 3 South Australian Research and Development Institute, Waite Research Precinct, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia 4 School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, Waite Research Institute, University of Adelaide, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia 5 School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia 6 Wine Australia, Industry House-National Wine Centre, Cnr Hackney and Botanic Roads, SA 5000, Australia * Correspondence:
[email protected]; Tel.: +61-(88)-3136619 Received: 11 August 2020; Accepted: 26 August 2020; Published: 28 August 2020 Abstract: Changes to Australian regulations now allow the limited addition of water to high-sugar musts pre-fermentation. In light of these changes, this study explored how water addition affects Shiraz wine composition and sensory properties. Wines were made from grapes at 13.5, 14.5 and ≈ 15.5◦ Baume. Water was added to musts from the ripest fruit by direct addition, or by using a juice substitution (run-off and replace) approach. To compare the effect of juice run-off independently, saigneé treatments were included.