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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,556,273 B1 Wheeler Et Al

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(12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,556,273 B1 Wheeler Et Al USOO6556273B1 (12) United States Patent (10) Patent No.: US 6,556,273 B1 Wheeler et al. (45) Date of Patent: Apr. 29, 2003 (54) SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING PRE- 4,977.419 A 12/1990 Wash et al. PROCESSING MACHINE READABLE 5,023,642 A 6/1991 Pagano ....................... 396/210 ENCODED INFORMATION MARKINGS IN A 5,633,1275,548,359 A * 8/19965/1997 WakabayashiNair et al. .............. 396/207 MOTION PICTURE FILM 5,745,637 A 4/1998 Phillips et al. 5,930.445 A 7/1999 Peters et al. (75) Inventors: Christopher E. Wheeler, Fairport, NY 5,968,719 A * 10/1999 Nakamura ............... 346/107.1 (US); Gary W. Ahlquist, Webster, NY 5.981,155. A * 11/1999 Vercruysse et al. ......... 430/363 (US); Wayne K. Shaffer, Penfield, NY E. f 1558 St. al SS Roger A. Morton, Penfield, NY 6,400,3892-1 - 2 B1 6/2002 Shafferae et al.a (US) 6,422,702 B1 * 7/2002 Uhlig et al. ................ 352/172 (73) Assignee: Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS NY (US) FR 2621137 9/1987 (*) Notice: Subject to any disclaimer, the term of this WO 92/20009 11/1992 patent is extended or adjusted under 35 OTHER PUBLICATIONS U.S.C. 154(b) by 43 days. “DATAKODE Magnetic Control Surface”, Eastman Kodak (21) Appl. No.: 09/709,099 Company, 1983 (Publication No. V3–517). (22) Filed: Nov. 10, 2000 * cited bby examiner Primary Examiner Alan A. Mathews Related U.S. Application Data Assistant Examiner D. Ben Esplin (60) Provisional application No. 60/165,071, filed on Nov. 12, (74) Attorney, Agent, or Firm- Andrew J. Anderson 1999. (51) Int. Cl." ................................................ G03B 21/50 (57)57 ABSTRACT (52) U.S. Cl. ......................................................... 352/92 A System for providing motion picture photographic film (58) Field of Search ............................ 352/44, 92, 129, with encoded information, such as unique film footage and 352/130, 170; 396/207, 210 frame identification, which can be machine read prior to film processing. This system provides machine readable encoded (56) References Cited information markings on the raw Stock film which may be read in a camera or other photoprocessing device with a U.S. PATENT DOCUMENTS reader prior to or concurrent with the film image capture 3.827.8O2 A 8/1974 Pfeifer et all process. The machine readable encoded information mark 3.077776. A 8/1976 Wagensonner et al. ..... 352/171 Ings may be easily converted Into a “video image" for 3.999992 A * 12/1976 Van Paesschen et al... 427/130 display in a real time video from a CCD imager in the film 4003,743 A 1/1977 Akashi et al. camera or other device. Furthermore this pre-processing 4,150,882 A 4f1979 Konick machine readable encoded information may be used in 4,279.945. A 7/1981 Audran et al. conjunction with optical latent image recorded information 4,341,855 A 7/1982 Morrison et al. which becomes machine or human readable after processing 4,503,135 A 3/1985 Drexler................. 346/135.1 as presently provided by film manufacturer's according to 4,627,695 A * 12/1986 Beauviala et al. ... 352/136 industry Standards 4,736.215 A * 4/1988 Hudspeth et al. ........... 396/207 4,854.696 A 8/1989 Guez ..................... 219/121.68 4965,627 A 10/1990 Robison 22 Claims, 7 Drawing Sheets Aff----Y -- is &|s: | : A N-- if SS g N ed co s 8 a U.S. Patent Apr. 29, 2003 Sheet 2 of 7 US 6,556.273 B1 S 089/79Z|,69W Uvez!Dô9W,D………..………………!!\ FIG 2 U.S. Patent Apr. 29, 2003 Sheet 3 of 7 US 6,556.273 B1 S S U.S. Patent Apr. 29, 2003 Sheet 4 of 7 US 6,556.273 B1 ,902° U.S. Patent Apr. 29, 2003 Sheet S of 7 US 6,556,273 B1 U.S. Patent Apr. 29, 2003 Sheet 6 of 7 US 6,556,273 B1 2O4 FIG 5C 2O3 FIG 5D “ 6O2 2O7 IC) FIG 5E - N 2O7 6O4 U.S. Patent Apr. 29, 2003 Sheet 7 of 7 US 6,556,273 B1 2O5 US 6,556.273 B1 1 2 SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING PRE minimum, and the importance of an exact frame reference as PROCESSING MACHINE READABLE input to the film cutter, it is imperative that the EDL contain ENCODED INFORMATION MARKINGS IN A accurate references to the image frame identification on the MOTION PICTURE FILM film to be cut. In order for the film to be cut to exactly match up to the edited workprint, the film cutter relies on encoded CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED information written near the edge of the film, Such as the APPLICATIONS Eastman Kodak KEYKODE number. Such encoded infor mation is typically provided by film manufacturers during Reference is made to and priority claimed from U.S. the manufacturing process in the form of both human Provisional application Ser. No. U.S. 60/165,071, filed Nov. readable (e.g., alphanumeric characters) and machine read 12, 1999, titled “A System For Machine Readable Keycode able (e.g., Standard bar-code USS 128) images on the raw In A Motion Picture Process. Stock camera negative as a means of accurate frame iden tification. Written near the edge of the film, these human FIELD OF THE INVENTION and machine-readable alphanumeric and bar-code Systems This invention generally relates to a System for and 15 provide information on film code and emulsion method of recording and retrieving a machine readable identification, as well as unique film footage and frame image on unprocessed motion picture film Stock. In a counts corresponding to the images on the film. An industry particular embodiment, this invention specifically relates to Standard for this encoded information System exists and this motion picture and television film production Systems where System is conventionally used in the motion picture produc the machine readable image contains Specific film footage tion chain. and frame identification information pertinent to the latent Currently, encoded information such as KEYKODE num image on the film. bers are written in the form of latent images by exposing the photosensitive layer(s) of the film Stock at regular intervals BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION near the edges of the film during the manufacturing process, 25 outside the intended picture area of the film according to In motion picture feature and television production, many SMPTE (Society of Motion Picture and TV Engineers) Stages of the photographic imaging process are necessary to standards (e.g., Standard ANSI/SMPTE 271-1994 (16 mm), progreSS from the image capture Stage until the final edited ANSI/SMPTE 254-1992 (35 mm) and ANSI/SMPTE XXX product is ready for distribution. In order to better explain YYYY (65 mm)), typically using a laser or light emitting modem editing processes, it is important to understand how diode (LED) device to form a latent image. Upon photo film is manufactured and Some basic procedures required in graphic processing, the latent images are developed to the actual production or shooting phase. Motion picture film generate optical human (e.g., alphanumeric) and/or machine is manufactured by coating a transparent Support material (e.g., bar-code) readable dye or silver images. There are with light Sensitive emulsion layer(s), and an opaque anti Specially designed film bar-code readers that the editor and halation layer coated either as a dyed layer between the light 35 negative cutter can utilize to read KEYKODE numbers. Sensitive emulsion and the Support or a pigmented or dyed Among other things, the KEYKODE number acts as a roll layer on the Side of the Support opposite to the light Sensitive and frame counter, by which any frame of a production may emulsion. Many camera origination films employ a carbon be absolutely identified. KEYKODES provide information black containing backing “remjet' layer as the antihalation on film code and emulsion identification, as well as unique layer. There are perforated Sprocket holes at the edges of the 40 film footage and frame counts corresponding to the images film to allow for sprocket drives to pull the film through the on the film. The encoded information can then be used in the motion picture cameras, printers, editing machines and editing, color timing and telecine transfer processes to projectors. Depending on the type of emulsion used, a identify and Select frame positions for Splicing, color timing positive or negative image (in color or black and white) will changes Such as printer light changes, fades and dissolves, be produced on the film when it is properly exposed in the 45 and Sound Synchronization points in an on-line or off-line camera and Subsequently processed at the film laboratory, film editing System. Importantly, film Stock that the film wherein the antihalation layer is either removed (in the case laboratory uses to make the positive workprint does not of carbon black containing backing layers) or the dyes contain these KEYKODE numbers, rather they are printed thereof rendered substantially colorless. Most all profes through from the processed original camera negative along Sional film production uses negative type film. 50 with the main picture image. Once the original camera negative film is processed, the The motion picture film latent image encoded information laboratory will then make a positive print of this film so that System is well-known in motion picture processing and it may be viewed and edited. This print may be variously provides very valuable information for the editing and color called the work print, direct print, or answer print. Upon timing processes. This System is useful for providing a frame completion of the editing process, the edited workprint is 55 Search, identification and orientation process to make reli Sent to a film cutter who will take the original camera able and accurate cuts when performing on-line, off-line negative or a print from the negative and cut it up to match telecine edits and final negative cutting edits.
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