Introduction and Annotated Bibliography
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Legacies of Colonialism and Islam for Hausa Women: an Historical Analysis, 1804-1960
Legacies of Colonialism and Islam for Hausa Women: An Historical Analysis, 1804-1960 by Kari Bergstrom Michigan State University Winner of the Rita S. Gallin Award for the Best Graduate Student Paper in Women and International Development Working Paper #276 October 2002 Abstract This paper looks at the effects of Islamization and colonialism on women in Hausaland. Beginning with the jihad and subsequent Islamic government of ‘dan Fodio, I examine the changes impacting Hausa women in and outside of the Caliphate he established. Women inside of the Caliphate were increasingly pushed out of public life and relegated to the domestic space. Islamic law was widely established, and large-scale slave production became key to the economy of the Caliphate. In contrast, Hausa women outside of the Caliphate were better able to maintain historical positions of authority in political and religious realms. As the French and British colonized Hausaland, the partition they made corresponded roughly with those Hausas inside and outside of the Caliphate. The British colonized the Caliphate through a system of indirect rule, which reinforced many of the Caliphate’s ways of governance. The British did, however, abolish slavery and impose a new legal system, both of which had significant effects on Hausa women in Nigeria. The French colonized the northern Hausa kingdoms, which had resisted the Caliphate’s rule. Through patriarchal French colonial policies, Hausa women in Niger found they could no longer exercise the political and religious authority that they historically had held. The literature on Hausa women in Niger is considerably less well developed than it is for Hausa women in Nigeria. -
MANDE LANGUAGES INTRODUCTION Mande Languages
Article details Article author(s): Dmitry Idiatov Table of contents: Introduction General Overviews Textbooks Bibliographies Journals and Book Series Conferences Text Collections and Corpora Classifications Historical and Comparative Linguistics Western Mande Central Mande Southwestern Mande and Susu- Yalunka Soninke-Bozo, Samogo, and Bobo Southeastern Mande Eastern Mande Southern Mande Phonetics Phonology Morphosyntax Morphology Syntax Language Contact and Areal Linguistics Writing Systems MANDE LANGUAGES INTRODUCTION Mande languages are spoken across much of inland West Africa up to the northwest of Nigeria as their eastern limit. The center of gravity of the Mande-speaking world is situated in the southwest of Mali and the neighboring regions. There are approximately seventy Mande languages. Mande languages have long been recognized as a coherent group. Thanks to both a sufficient number of clear lexical correspondences and the remarkable uniformity in basic morphosyntax, the attribution of a given language to Mande is usually straightforward. The major subdivision within Mande is between Western Mande, which comprises the majority of both languages and speakers, and Southeastern Mande (aka Southern Mande or Eastern Mande, which are also the names for the two subbranches of Southeastern Mande), a comparatively small but linguistically diverse and geographically dispersed group. Traditionally, Mande languages have been classified as one of the earliest offshoots of Niger-Congo. However, their external affiliation still remains a working hypothesis rather than an established fact. One of the most well-known Mande languages is probably Bamana (aka Bambara), as well as some of its close relatives, which in nonlinguistic publications are sometimes indiscriminately referred to as Mandingo. Mande languages are written in a variety of scripts ranging from Latin-based or Arabic-based alphabets to indigenously developed scripts, both syllabic and alphabetic. -
Tesis Doctoral AOE: La Cuestión De La Soberanía Y El Abandono Del Sahara
TESIS DOCTORAL AÑO 2015 ÁFRICA OCCIDENTAL ESPAÑOLA: LA CUESTIÓN DE LA SOBERANÍA Y LA RETIRADA DEL SAHARA JOSÉ CARLOS LÓPEZ-POZAS LANUZA ENSEÑANZA MILITAR DE GRADO SUPERIOR INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO GENERAL GUTIÉRREZ MELLADO DIRECTOR: DR. D. FERNANDO PUELL DE LA VILLA TUTORA: DRA. Dª. ALICIA GIL GIL INSTITUTO UNIVERSITARIO GENERAL GUTIÉRREZ MELLADO ÁFRICA OCCIDENTAL ESPAÑOLA: LA CUESTIÓN DE LA SOBERANÍA Y LA RETIRADA DEL SAHARA AUTOR: D. JOSÉ CARLOS LÓPEZ-POZAS LANUZA DIRECTOR: DR. D. FERNANDO PUELL DE LA VILLA TUTORA: DRA. Dª. ALICIA GIL GIL I II ÍNDICE Página LISTADO DE SIGLAS EMPLEADAS ........................................................................ VII INTRODUCCIÓN .......................................................................................................... XI Justificación .......................................................................................................... XI Objetivos e hipótesis ............................................................................................ XII Estado de la cuestión ......................................................................................... XIV Fuentes ............................................................................................................... XVI Metodología ....................................................................................................... XIX Organización de la tesis ....................................................................................... XX Reflexión final y agradecimientos ..................................................................... -
The Skeletal Biology, Archaeology and History of the New York African Burial Ground: a Synthesis of Volumes 1, 2, and 3
THE NEW YORK AFRICAN BURIAL GROUND U.S. General Services Administration VOL. 4 The Skeletal Biology, Archaeology and History of the New York African Burial Ground: Burial African York New History and of the Archaeology Biology, Skeletal The THE NEW YORK AFRICAN BURIAL GROUND: Unearthing the African Presence in Colonial New York Volume 4 A Synthesis of Volumes 1, 2, and 3 Volumes of A Synthesis Prepared by Statistical Research, Inc Research, Statistical by Prepared . The Skeletal Biology, Archaeology and History of the New York African Burial Ground: A Synthesis of Volumes 1, 2, and 3 Prepared by Statistical Research, Inc. ISBN: 0-88258-258-5 9 780882 582580 HOWARD UNIVERSITY HUABG-V4-Synthesis-0510.indd 1 5/27/10 11:17 AM THE NEW YORK AFRICAN BURIAL GROUND: Unearthing the African Presence in Colonial New York Volume 4 The Skeletal Biology, Archaeology, and History of the New York African Burial Ground: A Synthesis of Volumes 1, 2, and 3 Prepared by Statistical Research, Inc. HOWARD UNIVERSITY PRESS WASHINGTON, D.C. 2009 Published in association with the United States General Services Administration The content of this report is derived primarily from Volumes 1, 2, and 3 of the series, The New York African Burial Ground: Unearthing the African Presence in Colonial New York. Application has been filed for Library of Congress registration. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the U.S. General Services Administration or Howard University. Published by Howard University Press 2225 Georgia Avenue NW, Suite 720 Washington, D.C. -
Sokoto Caliphate Scholars and the Classical Islamic Philosophers: Issues in Divine Command Theory of Ethics 1
Studies of the Department of African Languages and Cultures, No 51, 2017 ISSN 0860-4649 Abubakar Zaria Ibrahim Ahmadu Bello University Sokoto Caliphate scholars and the classical Islamic philosophers: issues in divine command theory of ethics 1 Abstract: Western philosophers formulated ethical theories such as egoism, virtue, existentialism, deontology, contractualism and utilitarianism, and illustrated how these are applicable in benefitting individuals and societies in building a complete moral life. Interestingly, there existed some societies that had little or no contact with the West but which have also developed morally acceptable ideas of living. Such are, for example, the Muslims that have established kingdoms and empires all over Asia, Middle East and Africa. The ethical principles developed by these societies may be what we can call a divine command theory, which of course also exists in the West. It is a theory which follows religious beliefs and sources. The Muslims, who practice the religion of Islam, have intellectuals, scholars and thinkers who were philosophically inclined. This paper demonstrates that the Sokoto Caliphate scholars, trailing the classical Islamic philosophers, used the highest book of authority in the religion, the Qur’an , to explain life. The Qur’an is closely supported by the hadith [sayings, actions and approvals of the Prophet of the religion]. For the fact that the Sokoto Caliphate scholars, especially the triumvirates of Uthman ibn Fodiye, Abdullahi and Bello lived a practical life as religious and 1 A paper first presented on the 29 th November, 2016 in the Department of African Languages and Culture, University of Warsaw, Poland. I am indebt- ed to Professor Nina Pawlak who was instrumental to my visit to the Uni- versity of Warsaw on bench research. -
New Electronic Resources for Texts in Manding Languages. Valentin Vydrin
New Electronic Resources for Texts in Manding Languages. Valentin Vydrin To cite this version: Valentin Vydrin. New Electronic Resources for Texts in Manding Languages.. Searching For Sharing: Heritage and Multimedia in Africa. , 2017, 978-1-78374-318-6, 978-1-78374-321-6, 978-1-78374-320-9. halshs-01584112 HAL Id: halshs-01584112 https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01584112 Submitted on 8 Sep 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. https://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2017 Daniela Merolla and Mark Turin. Copyright of each chapter is maintained by the author. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC BY 4.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work; to adapt the work and to make commercial use of the work providing attribution is made to the authors (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Attribution should include the following information: Daniela Merolla and Mark Turin (eds.), Searching For Sharing: Heritage -
Manding-English Dictionar Y
MANDING-ENGLISH DICTIONARY Manding is a common name for several closely related languages in West Africa: Maninka (or Malinke), Bamana (or Bambara), Jula, Mandinka, Xasonka, etc., spoken by up to 40 million people. In this dictionary, forms of Malian Bamana and Guinean Maninka are included. The polysemy of words is represented in all details, the senses are represented hierarchically. Verbal valencies are indicated throughout and clarifi ed by abundant illustrative examples. Numerous idiomatic expressions are given. Most of lexemes are provided with etymological information: sources of borrowing or proto-forms and their refl exes in other Mande languages. The dictionary is oriented toward advanced language learners and professional linguists, but it can be also useful for native speakers of Bamana and Maninka languages. Valentin Vydrine Vydrine Valentin www.meabooks.com Valentin Vydrine MANDING–ENGLISH DICTIONARY (Maninka, Bamana) Volume 1 A, B, D-DAD supplemented by some entries from subsequent volumes Meabooks Inc. Lac-Beauport, Quebec 2015 1 Originally published by Dmitry Bulanin Publishers, St. Petersburg, Russia in 1999 Reprinted by Meabooks Inc., specialists in books from and on Africa www.meabooks.com 978-0-9939969-2-4 (print) 978-0-9939969-3-1 (eBook) © Valentin Vydrin 2 U`kdmshm Uxcqhmd 'Mb’ I»q…( L»mc—mé@ímjhkd C…Õôf`ed F…ed eókñ /DF%HDXSRUW 0d`annjr j` f`edchk`mc` r`m 3 INTRODUCTION This Manding-English Dictionary is based on the Manding-Russian Dictionary which my teacher Svetlana Tomchina started in the mid-seventies and which I continued after her prematurate death (May 1984). The Dictionary is conceived as a continued publication; the subsequent volumes will appear as soon as they are ready. -
A •Œneo-Abolitionist Trend╊ in Sub-Saharan Africa? Regional Anti
Seattle Journal for Social Justice Volume 9 Issue 2 Spring/Summer 2011 Article 4 May 2011 A “Neo-Abolitionist Trend” in Sub-Saharan Africa? Regional Anti- Trafficking Patterns and a Preliminary Legislative Taxonomy Benjamin N. Lawrance Ruby P. Andrew Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/sjsj Recommended Citation Lawrance, Benjamin N. and Andrew, Ruby P. (2011) "A “Neo-Abolitionist Trend” in Sub-Saharan Africa? Regional Anti-Trafficking Patterns and a Preliminary Legislative Taxonomy," Seattle Journal for Social Justice: Vol. 9 : Iss. 2 , Article 4. Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.seattleu.edu/sjsj/vol9/iss2/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Publications and Programs at Seattle University School of Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Seattle Journal for Social Justice by an authorized editor of Seattle University School of Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 599 A “Neo-Abolitionist Trend” in Sub-Saharan Africa? Regional Anti-Trafficking Patterns and a Preliminary Legislative Taxonomy Benjamin N. Lawrance and Ruby P Andrew INTRODUCTION In the decade since the US Department of State (USDOS) instituted the production of its annual Trafficking in Persons (TIP) Report, anti- trafficking measures have been passed across the globe, and the US role in setting standards and paradigms for anti-trafficking has been extensively analyzed and criticized.1 Through its Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons (OMCTP), the USDOS’ three-tier categorization of nations’ trafficking measures continues to play a pivotal role in shaming recalcitrant nations into responding to accusations of trafficking within and across their respective borders.2 No region has experienced so dramatic a transformation with respect to the USDOS agenda of “prevention, protection, and prosecution” than sub- Saharan Africa.3 No sub-Saharan African nation had an anti-trafficking statute at the start of the millennium. -
Travelling Hierarchies: Roads in and out of Slave Status in a Central Malian Fulbe Network Pelckmans, L
Travelling hierarchies: roads in and out of slave status in a Central Malian Fulbe network Pelckmans, L. Citation Pelckmans, L. (2011). Travelling hierarchies: roads in and out of slave status in a Central Malian Fulbe network. Leiden: African Studies Centre. Retrieved from https://hdl.handle.net/1887/17911 Version: Not Applicable (or Unknown) License: Leiden University Non-exclusive license Downloaded from: https://hdl.handle.net/1887/17911 Note: To cite this publication please use the final published version (if applicable). Travelling hierarchies African Studies Centre African Studies Collection, Vol. 34 Travelling hierarchies Roads in and out of slave status in a Central Malian Fulɓe network Lotte Pelckmans African Studies Centre P.O. Box 9555 2300 RB Leiden The Netherlands [email protected] http://www.ascleiden.nl Cover design: Heike Slingerland Cover photo: Humoristic painting about the difficulties on the road, handpainted by Bamako- based artist L. Kante Photographs: Lotte Pelckmans Maps drawn by Nel de Vink Printed by Ipskamp Drukkers, Enschede ISSN: 1876-018X ISBN: 978-90-5448-105-8 © Lotte Pelckmans, 2011 Contents List of maps, photos, images, tables and figures viii Acknowledgments: Some words of thanks and belonging x Notes on transliteration and orthography xv INTRODUCTION 1 Setting the scene 1 Questions and eyebrows raised 3 Emic notions guiding the research problematic 7 The Road: Trajectories in and out of the cultural field of hierarchy 14 Methodological considerations 16 The Rope, the Head and the Road in anthropological debates 18 Zooming in: An overview of the chapters 30 1. PRESENT(-ED) PASTS 33 A disturbing past 33 The formation of hierarchies in the Haayre region 35 Contested histories 49 Conclusions: Presenting the past over time 63 2. -
Appendix 1 Vernacular Names
Appendix 1 Vernacular Names The vernacular names listed below have been collected from the literature. Few have phonetic spellings. Spelling is not helped by the difficulties of transcribing unwritten languages into European syllables and Roman script. Some languages have several names for the same species. Further complications arise from the various dialects and corruptions within a language, and use of names borrowed from other languages. Where the people are bilingual the person recording the name may fail to check which language it comes from. For example, in northern Sahel where Arabic is the lingua franca, the recorded names, supposedly Arabic, include a number from local languages. Sometimes the same name may be used for several species. For example, kiri is the Susu name for both Adansonia digitata and Drypetes afzelii. There is nothing unusual about such complications. For example, Grigson (1955) cites 52 English synonyms for the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale) in the British Isles, and also mentions several examples of the same vernacular name applying to different species. Even Theophrastus in c. 300 BC complained that there were three plants called strykhnos, which were edible, soporific or hallucinogenic (Hort 1916). Languages and history are linked and it is hoped that understanding how lan- guages spread will lead to the discovery of the historical origins of some of the vernacular names for the baobab. The classification followed here is that of Gordon (2005) updated and edited by Blench (2005, personal communication). Alternative family names are shown in square brackets, dialects in parenthesis. Superscript Arabic numbers refer to references to the vernacular names; Roman numbers refer to further information in Section 4. -
Islam and Political Contestation in the Sahel: Protests, Riots, and Jihadist Insurgencies in Mauritania, Niger, and Mali
ISLAM AND POLITICAL CONTESTATION IN THE SAHEL: PROTESTS, RIOTS, AND JIHADIST INSURGENCIES IN MAURITANIA, NIGER, AND MALI By IBRAHIM YAHAYA IBRAHIM A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2018 1 © 2018 Ibrahim Yahaya Ibrahim 2 To my Mom, Oumou Halilou and my Dad, Yahaya Ibrahim 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Many people contributed to this research either directly or indirectly. My deepest gratitude goes to my parents, who invested in my education from young age and supported me every step of the way. I also benefited from a warm social and intellectual environment at Madrasatu Sabiloul Houda in Zinder. My sincere appreciation to its founder, Cheikh Chouaibou Abdullah Saleh, who has shown me a quasi-parental level of support. I could not have attended the University of Florida’s Graduate School without the help and generous mentorship of Leonardo A. Villalòn. It has been the greatest honor of my life to be his student. Leonardo A. Villalòn has advised me, assisted me, inspired me, and encouraged me throughout my doctoral journey in ways that words could hardly describe. Certainly, this dissertation could not have been written without his guidance. I will be forever grateful for his immense generosity, kindness, and unyielding support. Over the last six years, I have been fortunate enough to be part of the Sahel Research Group and to regularly attend the Sahel Seminar meetings. I have enjoyed the collegial and stimulating intellectual atmosphere in these settings. This dissertation would not have looked the same without the valuable insights that I gleaned from various conversations that I had with friends and colleagues at the University of Florida. -
Guinea Cloth’ GEHN Conference, University of Padua, 17-19 November 2005
‘Guinea Cloth’ GEHN Conference, University of Padua, 17-19 November 2005 Colleen E. Kriger Department of History University of North Carolina at Greensboro [email protected] ‘Guinea Cloth’: Production and Consumption of Cotton Textiles in West Africa before and during the Atlantic Slave Trade1 ‘Guinea cloth’ is a term conventionally used in reference to plain white, loom-patterned, or piece-dyed cotton textiles that were important commodities in the “hidden half” of the Atlantic slave trade.2 Known also by various names given to different types of these cloths – names such as brawles, capperees, chelloes, hussanees, and pautkas – they were woven in India and shipped to Europe to be re-exported by slave traders to Africa’s Guinea Coast and to the West Indies.3 Then, with the development of industrial production of cotton textiles in Europe, ‘Guinea cloths’ were made there in imitation of the Indian goods. Thus the history of Guinea cloth is a centuries-long and far-reaching one, spanning the rise of Atlantic commerce, its transformation into a trade in slaves from Africa to the Americas, and the transition to industrialized textile manufacture in Europe. A neglected part of this history took place in West Africa, where cotton was grown, spun, and woven well before direct trade with Europeans opened up. When this new era of international trade began, merchants hoping to purchase slaves learned very quickly that the key to success on the Guinea Coast was knowing what particular types of goods would sell in which specific ports. In other words, the tastes and preferences of West African consumers conditioned and mediated the many individual commercial transactions that made up the Guinea trade.