DOCSLIB.ORG

The Nixon Appointments to the United

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Nixon Appointments to the United University of Massachusetts Amherst ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 1-1-1975 The iN xon appointments to the United States Courts of Appeals : the impact of the law and order issue on the rights of the accused. Jon Spencer Gottschall University of Massachusetts Amherst Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1 Recommended Citation Gottschall, Jon Spencer, "The iN xon appointments to the United States Courts of Appeals : the impact of the law and order issue on the rights of the accused." (1975). Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014. 1852. https://scholarworks.umass.edu/dissertations_1/1852 This Open Access Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations 1896 - February 2014 by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UMass Amherst. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE NIXON APPOINTMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES COURTS OF APPEALS: THE IMPACT OF THE LAW AND ORDER ISSUE ON THE RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED A Dissertation Presented By Jon Spencer Gottschall Submitted to the Graduate School of the University of Massachusetts in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY August, 1975 Political Science (c) Jon Spencer Gottschall, 1976 All Rights Reserved THE NIXON APPOINTMENTS TO THE UNITED STATES COURTS OF APPEALS: THE IMP:.CT OF THE LAVJ AND ORDER ISSUE ON THr; RIGHTS OF THE iiCCUSED A Dissertation By Jon Spencer Gottschall Approved as to style and content by: Uarvey Kline, Chairman 7-iugust, 19 75 The Nixon Appointees to the United States Courts of Appeals: The Impact of the Law and Order Issue on the Rights of the Accused (August 1975) Jon S. Gottschall, B.A., Texas Technological University M.S., Texas Technological University Directed by: Dr. Sheldon Goldman The major findings of this study include the following: (1) When appeals judges were aggregated in terms of their scores on criminal procedures cases, differences were observed in the voting behavior of Nixon appointees as compared to non-Nixon Democrats and non- Nixon Republicans during fiscal 1970 to 1973. (2) Nixon appointees voted more "conservatively" than these other two judge groups. Non-Nixon Democrats were the most "liberal" group, and non-Nixon Republicans fell in between the other two groups. (3) However, when the circuit was introduced as a control, it was found that (a) the relationship between the three judge groups varied from circuit to circuit with only six circuits conforming to the hypo- thesis; (b) the composite and median scores of Nixon appointees and non- Nixon Republicans outside the South were virtually identical when only the cases of fiscal 1973 were considered; and (c) bloc analysis of individ- ual circuits revealed that Nixon appointees do not constitute monolithic and sharply "conservative" blocs in any but the District of Columbia circuit, where voting patterns of Nixon appointees were similar to voting patterns of Nixon appointees to the Supreme Court. (4) Moreover, when other background characteristics were entered as controls on the appointing administration variable, the latter was found to account for only a small proportion of the observed variances ,in voting behavior among the judges of the Courts of Appeals. (5) There also appeared to be a relationship between the scores of Nixon appointees and their sponsoring Republican Senator, where one existed. The most "conservative" Nixon appointees were recommended, for the most part, by the most conservative Republican Senator, or were the choices of the Administration in the absence of eligible Republican sponsors. This suggests that Senatorial courtesy was an obstacle to the attainment of preferred administration nominees. (6) Finally, doctrinal analysis of confession cases also indicated that Nixon appointees did not always agree on confession issues, varying in their legal positions not only from circuit to circuit but within some circuits. (7) The tentative conclusion, then, of this study is that, although the Nixon appointees did appear more "conservative" when their voting behavior was aggregated, they constituted, with the exception of the District of Columbia circuit, nothing like the cohesive "conservative" bloc of Nixon appointees which dominated criminal justice issues on the Supreme Court over roughly the same period. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is impossible to adequately thank the many people who supported me in this project. However, my greatest debt is to my •wife, Marcia, who was instrumental in the selection of the topic and in some of the revisions, and who also made many sacrifices in her own life and studies so that I could finish. I also have a great debt to the chairman of my dissertation committee, Sheldon Goldman, who guided me through many of the most difficult aspects of this study and who was always generous with his time; his encouragement and good advice sustained me not only in this project but throughout my graduate studies at the University of Massachusetts. I am also grateful Lo Lhe uLher meinbers of my committee, Jon Simpson and Loren Beth, who carefully read and criticized the manuscript. Their comments led to revisions which I believe strengthened the final draft. I would also like to thank my wife's parents. Rex and Marge Petty, my mother, Dorothy Gottschall, and my grandfather, Robert E. Dawson, who contributed moral and financial support during this period. Finally, I would like to thank my children, Deidre, Richard, and Jonathan, who endured this period. CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS INTRODUCTION Chapter I. THE NIXON CAMPAIGN AGAINST THE COURT: AN HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Earlier Campaigns Against the Court The Nixon Campaign II. THE SELECTION AND SOCIO-POLITICAL BACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE JUDGES OF THE UNITED STATES COURTS OF APPEALS: EISENHOWER TO NIXON Recent Literature on the Appointment Process The Role of the American Bar Association Factors Influencing Administration Choices Background Characteristics of Appeals Court Judges: Eisenhower to Nixon III. THE IMPACT OF THE NIXON APPOINTEES TO THE UNITED STATES COURTS OF APPEALS: A QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DISPOSITION OF CRIMINAL APPEALS DURING FISCAL 1973 Analysis of Individual Circuits Aggregate Analysis Summary IV. CONFLICT ON THE COURTS OF APPEALS: ATTITUDES, BACKGROUNDS AND THE DISPOSITION OF CRIMINAL APPEALS IN NON-UNANIMOUS CRIMINAL CASES, FISCAL 1970-73 Aggregate Analysis Circuit by Circuit Analysis Senate A.D.A. Scores and Judicial Voting Bloc Analysis Socio-Pol i tical Background Characteristics and Judicial Voting Behavior 92 Background Statements Taken After Assertion of Rights to Silence or Attorney Interrogation Without the Knowledge of Retained Attorney Failure of Police to Honor Requests tor Counsel Ambiguous or Contradictory Statements of Defendant Rights Proof of Waiver Rights of Juveniles Harris v. New York . The Impeachment Issue Circuit by Circuit Analysis Conclusions VI. CONCLUSIONS Major Findings Explanation of Findings Future Research BIBLIOGRAPHY 144 LIST OF TABLES Table Page Disposition 1. of Unanimous and Non-unanimous Rights of Criminal Defendants Cases by all Circuits Fiscal 1973 [ 2. Composite Scores for Judge Groups by Circuit 42 3. Composite Scores by Issue: District of Columbia 46 4. Composite Scores by Issue: Fifth Circuit 46 5. Composite Scores by Issue: Ninth Circuit 50 6. Composite Scores by Issue: Second Circuit 50 7. Composite Scores by Issue: Third Circuit 51 8. Composite Scores for Aggregate Judge Groups, Federal and State Cases, Fiscal 1973 53 9. Composite Scores for Aggregate Judge Groups: Confession, Search and Seizure, and "All Other Cases" Categories, Fiscal 1973 54 10. Composite Scores for Aggregate Judge Groups: Unanimous and Non-unanimous Cases: Fiscal 1973 55 11. Percentage of Judge Groups Classified as "Liberal," "Moderate," and "Conservative," Fiscal 1973 56 12. Impact of Excluding the Fourth and Fifth Circuits on Composite Judge Group Scores for Fiscal 1973: All Cases 57 13. Impact of Excluding the Fourth and Fifth Circuits on Composite Judge Group Scores for Fiscal 1973: Non- unanimous Cases 58 14. Percentages of Judge Groups in "Liberal," "Moderate, and "Conservative" Categories When Fourth and Fifth Circuits are Excluded 59 15. Comparison of Case Disposition by All Circuits: Fiscal 1973 and Fiscal 1970-73 64 16. Comparison of Composite Non-unanimous Case Score for Fiscal 1970-73 With Unanimous Case Scores for Fiscal •73 by Judge Group 65 17. Attitudinal Classification of Judges: Comparison of Classifications Based on Unanimous Cases With Classifications Based on Non-unanimous Cases Only 67 18. Percentages " of Judge Groups in "Liberal," "Moderate and "Conservative" Categories: Non-unanimous Cases, Fiscal 1970-73 ]^ 53 19. Percentages of Judge Groups in "Liberal," "Moderate," and "Conservative" Categories, Southern Circuits Excluded: Non-unanimous Cases, Fiscal 1970-73 68 20. Composite Judge Group Score by Circuit: Non- Unanimously Decided Cases, Fiscal 1970-73 70 21. Comparison of Senator A.D.A. Scores and Judicial Voting Tendencies 7] 22. Comparison of SenateA.D.A. Scores and Judicial Voting Tendencies: "Liberal" and "Moderate" Categories Combined and Six Judges Excluded 73 23. Number and Percent of Each Judge Group in "Liberal," "Moderate," and "Conservative" Voting Blocs 80 24. Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis of Background Variables and Judge Scores 85 25.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • This Year's Presidential Prop8id! CONTENTS
    It's What's Inside That Counts RIPON MARCH, 1973 Vol. IX No.5 ONE DOLLAR This Year's Presidential Prop8ID! CONTENTS Politics: People .. 18 Commentary Duly Noted: Politics ... 25 Free Speech and the Pentagon ... .. .. 4 Duly Noted: Books ................ ......... 28 Editorial Board Member James. Manahan :e­ Six Presidents, Too Many Wars; God Save This views the past wisdom of Sen. RIchard M .. NIX­ Honorable Court: The Supreme Court Crisis; on as it affects the cases of A. Ernest FItzge­ The Creative Interface: Private Enterprise and rald and Gordon Ru1e, both of whom are fired the Urban Crisis; The Running of Richard Nix­ Pentagon employees. on; So Help Me God; The Police and The Com­ munity; Men Behind Bars; Do the Poor Want to Work? A Social Psychological Study of The Case for Libertarianism 6 Work Orientations; and The Bosses. Mark Frazier contributing editor of Reason magazine and New England coordinator for the Libertarian Party, explains why libe:allsm .and Letters conservatism are passe and why libertanan­ 30 ism is where it is at. 14a Eliot Street 31 Getting College Republicans Out of the Closet 8 Last month, the FORUM printed the first in a series of articles about what the GOP shou1d be doing to broaden its base. Former RNC staff- er J. Brian Smith criticized the Young Voters Book Review for the President for ignoring college students. YVP national college director George Gordon has a few comments about what YVP did on The Politics of Principle ................ 22 campus and what the GOP ought to be doing John McCIaughry, the one-time obscure Ver­ in the future.
    [Show full text]
  • Choosing Justices: How Presidents Decide
    Saint Louis University School of Law Scholarship Commons All Faculty Scholarship 2011 Choosing Justices: How Presidents Decide Joel K. Goldstein Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.slu.edu/faculty Part of the Courts Commons, President/Executive Department Commons, and the Supreme Court of the United States Commons No. 2011-09 Choosing Justices: How Presidents Decide Forthcoming in Stetson Law Review Joel K. Goldstein Saint Louis University School of Law Choosing Justices: How Presidents Decide Joel K. Goldstein ∗ Vincent C. Immel Professor of Law Saint Louis University School of Law 314 ‐977 ‐2782 [email protected] ∗ Vincent C. Immel Professor of Law, Saint Louis University School of Law. An earlier version of this paper was presented as part of a panel discussion on selection of federal judges at the Southeastern Association of Law Schools annual meeting on August 7, 2009. I benefited from the discussion by my fellow panelists Bill Marshall and Ron Rotunda and by those in attendance. I am grateful to Mark Killenbeck and Brad Snyder for very helpful comments on a more recent draft and to Stacy Osmond for research assistance. i Choosing Justices: How Presidents Decide ABSTRACT Presidents play the critical role in determining who will serve as justices on the Supreme Court and their decisions inevitably influence constitutional doctrine and judicial behavior long after their terms have ended. Notwithstanding the impact of these selections, scholars have focused relatively little attention on how presidents decide who to nominate. This article contributes to the literature in the area by advancing three arguments. First, it adopts an intermediate course between the works which tend to treat the subject historically without identifying recurring patterns and those which try to reduce the process to empirical formulas which inevitably obscure considerations shaping decision.
    [Show full text]
  • Here Lies the Body of Mrs
    The cover: Gravestone, in Woodstock, Connec­ ticut. The full inscription reads: "Here lies the Body of Mrs. Abigail Paine, Relict Widow of Mr. Samuel Paine; She Died Jan. 13th 1752; in the 80th Year of Her Age." From Early New England Gravestone Rubbings, by Edmund Vincent Gillon, Jr. (Dover Publications, Inc., New York, 1966), courtesy of Stanford University Art Library. Other examples of gravestone art appear with the article, "The Elu­ sive 'Right to Die'," beginning on page 16. ~l(,tt CONY 5 STANFORD LAWYER SPRING 1985 VOL. 19, NO.2 Editor: Constance Hellyer Associate Editor:10 Ann Coupal Graphic Design: Barbara Mendelsohn, Nancy Singer, Linda Ruiz Stanford Lawyer is published semiannually for alumnilae and friends of Stanford Law School. Cor­ respondence and materials for publi­ cation are welcome and should be sent to: Editor, Stanford Lawyer, Stanford Law School, Crown Quad­ Page 4 Page 10 Page 24 rangle, Stanford, CA 94305. Copy­ right 1985 by the Board of Trustees of the Leland Stanfordlunior Uni­ versity. Reproduction in whole or in part, without permission of the pub­ FROM THE DEAN lisher, is prohibited. The Changing Law School Classroom 2 John Hart Ely FEATURE ARTICLES Reflections on the Burger Court 4 Gerald Gunther A Conversation with Pete McCloskey 10 The Elusive 'Right to Die' 16 Miehael Giljix AT ISSUE The Trouble with Libel Law 22 MareA. Franklin ALUMNI/AE WEEKEND 1984 24 SCHOOL NEWS 26 Faculty Notes 30 ALUMNI/AE NEWS Class Notes 32 In Memoriam 64 Alumnilae Gatherings 66 Coming Events Back cover 1 The first year of law school, most lawyers are not-and never, not once, was I ever though the object of endless called on by the judge to recite on a case other than the one facwty studies, is the one year I had fully prepared and was in the midst of trying.
    [Show full text]
  • Justice David Newbern 1985-1998
    Arkansas Supreme Court Project Arkansas Supreme Court Historical Society Interview with William David Newbern Little Rock, Arkansas December 15, 2012 Interviewer: Ernest Dumas Ernest Dumas: I am Ernie Dumas and I am interviewing Judge William David Newbern. This interview is being held at his home, 10 Ozark Point, in Little Rock, Arkansas, Pulaski County, on December 15, 2012. The audio recording of this interview will be donated to the David and Barbara Pryor Center for Arkansas Oral and Visual History at the University of Arkansas. The recording transcript and any other related materials will be deposited and preserved forever in the Special Collections Department, University of Arkansas Libraries, Fayetteville. And the copyright will belong solely to the University of Arkansas and the Arkansas Supreme Court Historical Society. Would you please state your name and spell your name and indicate that you are willing to give the Pryor Center permission to make the audio file available to others? William David Newbern: My name is William David Newbern and I am willing to donate the interview to the Pryor Center. ED: Good. Judge, let’s start with your birth. You were born in Fayetteville, right? WN: No. ED: No? WN: I was born in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. ED: Date? WN: May 28, 1937. ED: Your parents were? WN: Charles Banks Newbern and Mary Frances Harding Newbern. ED: And you were born in Oklahoma City. Were you an only child? WN: Yes. ED: You were an only child. WN: Yes. ED: What did your daddy and your mama do? WN: Well, my dad was an employee of the Firestone Tire and Rubber Company and they had a tendency to move their employees from store to store around the region.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Gazette Project Interview with Jerol Garrison, Little Rock
    Gazette Project Interview with Jerol Garrison, Little Rock, Arkansas, 9 February 2000 Interviewer: Roy Reed Roy Reed: . This is Jerol Garrison and Roy Reed on February 9, 2000, in Jerol’s home in Sherwood. First of all, Jerol, I just want to be sure we have your permission to tape record this interview and turn it over to the Center for Oral and Visual History. Jerol Garrison: Yes, that’s fine. RR: Okay. Why don’t you start by filling in a little background on yourself personally before you came to the Gazette? Where and when you were born, and to whom and just kind of sketch your life before you joined the Gazette. JG: I was born in Columbia, Missouri, in the heart of Missouri, and at age seventeen my parents moved to Fayetteville, Arkansas. Of course, I came with them. RR: You were born when? JG: I was born in 1931. RR: ‘31. JG: And . RR: Just getting the complete [information]. JG: October 4, 1931, is my birthday in Columbia, Missouri. We actually lived four years in California, the four years that I went to high school. I graduated from 1 Sequoyah — S-E-Q-U-O-Y-A-H. I got that wrong; it’s S-E-Q-U-O-I-A. RR: S-E-Q . JG: U-O-I-A Union High School in Redwood City, California. And right after I graduated, my father took a job at the University of Arkansas, so in September that year, we moved to Fayetteville, Arkansas, and I tell a story that I was the only student in Fayetteville who came to college and brought his parents with him! RR: [Laughs.] JG: So, I attended the University of Arkansas, and then later I spent two years in the Army.
    [Show full text]
  • INTRODUCTION Craig M. Bradley
    Cambridge University Press 0521859190 - The Rehnquist Legacy Edited by Craig M. Bradley Excerpt More information INTRODUCTION Craig M. Bradley William Hubbs Rehnquist was born on October 1, 1924, and grew up in Milwau- kee, Wisconsin. His father worked as a wholesale paper salesman, and his mother was a homemaker. After briefly attending Kenyon College in Ohio, he joined the Army Air Corps and was stationed in North Africa as a weather observer until the conclusion of World War II. Disdaining the midwestern climate after his ex- perience in North Africa, he attended Stanford University, where he received a bachelor’s and a master’s degree in Political Science. He moved on to get a mas- ter’s degree from Harvard, with an eye toward an academic career in Political Science. However, he became disenchanted with academics and decided to be- come a lawyer instead. To that end, he returned to Stanford and finished first in his class at Stanford Law School in December of 1951. (Future Justice Sandra Day was third). In those days, a trip to Washington from California to interview for a Supreme Court clerkship was unthinkable, even for someone who was first in his class, and Rehn- quist had not received an offer from Justice Douglas, who recruited in the West. However, as luck would have it, Justice Robert Jackson came to Stanford to ded- icate a new Law School building. Phillip Neal, a former Jackson clerk who taught at Stanford, asked Rehnquist if he would like to interview with Jackson. Rehn- quist readily accepted and was offered the job.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Constitutional Revolution
    VIRGINIA LAW REVIEW VOLUME 87 OCTOBER 2001 NUMBER 6 ARTICLES UNDERSTANDING THE CONSTITUTIONAL REVOLUTION Jack M. Balkin* and Sanford Levinson** INTRODUCTION: WHERE WE ARE E live in extraordinary times. In the past year the Supreme Court Wof the United States has decided an election and installed a president. In the past ten years it has produced fundamental changes in American constitutional law. These two phenomena are related. Understanding the constitutional revolution that we are living through means understanding their connections. The new occupant of the White House—we will call him “President” after he has successfully prevailed in an election conducted according to acceptable constitutional norms—has taken the oath of office and has begun to govern. But his claim to the presidency is deeply illegitimate. He and the political party that he leads seized power through the confluence of two important events that would have caused widespread outrage and produced vigorous objections from neutral observers if they had occurred in a third world country. The first is the disenfranchisement of black voters in Florida in violation of the Voting Rights Act of 1965.1 Concerned about alleged * Knight Professor of Constitutional Law and the First Amendment, Yale Law School. ** W. St. John Garwood and W. St. John Garwood, Jr., Centennial Chair, University of Texas School of Law. We would like to thank Bruce Ackerman, Akhil Amar, Bob Gordon, Larry Kramer, Scot Powe, and Reva Siegel for their comments on previous drafts of this article. 1 See U.S. Commission on Civil Rights, Draft Report: Voting Irregularities in Florida During the 2000 Presidential Election (Approved by the Commissioners on June 8, 2001), 1045 1046 Virginia Law Review [Vol.
    [Show full text]
  • University of California, Santa Barbara
    F O CA Y L IT I S F O R A R E N V I I A N LE , U T L University of California Santa Barbara IG T H T S H A E RE E A N B R T A A BARB Department of History Santa Barbara, California 93106-9410 Laura Kalman July 31, 2016 Dear Members of the NYU Legal History Colloquium: Thank you so much for agreeing to read my book manuscript! (And please do not copy, cite or circulate it without permission.) I have just submitted the manuscript (seconds ago) to Oxford for copy-editing, so I won’t be able to add any new chapters, based on what you tell me. But I will be able to make changes when the manuscript comes back from the copy-editor and before I submit the final version. It would ideal if you could make your criticisms as targeted/specific as possible so I know what to fix, massage, rewrite, add, delete, etc. But whatever you say, I really look forward to being with all of you again. Best wishes, Laura Kalman, Professor of History, UCSB 2 Colloquium on Constitutional & Legal History NYU School of Law August 31, 2016 The Long Reach of the Sixties: LBJ, Nixon and Supreme Court Nominations Laura Kalman [email protected] 805-453-8673 3 In Memory Of Newton Kalman, 1920-2010 Celeste Garr, 1924-2010 John Morton Blum, 1921-2011 Lee Kalman, 1919-2014 Protectors, Promoters, Teachers, Friends 4 Preface On February 13, 2016, friends found the body of the Supreme Court’s preeminent conservative in his suite at a hunting resort in West Texas.
    [Show full text]
  • Viability and Reliability of the U.S. Supreme Court As an Institution for Social Change and Progress Beneficial to Blacks
    THE VIABILITY AND RELIABILITY OF THE U.S. SUPREME COURT AS AN INSTITUTION FOR SOCIAL CHANGE AND PROGRESS BENEFICIAL TO BLACKS By KENNETH S. TOLLETT Distinguished Professor of Higher Education Howard University, Washington, D.C. The research assistance of Ms. Maria W. Berkley, a third year law student at Howard University, is gratefully acknowledged. I. ginia, a conservative, who had practiced law for Introduction only four years; Senator Robert Byrd, Democrat of West Virginia, a former member of the Ku Klux Klan, who hadn't practiced law at all; Mildred T MAY BE TOO EARLY to Lillie,a controversial California State Judge; and project the Herschel Friday, a bond lawyer who had repre- direction in which the Nixon-Burger sented the Little Rock, Arkansas, school board in its efforts to resist school desegregation. But all Court is moving. President Nixon has ap- four were shot down by the American Bar Asso- ciation and others in the legal profession. The Ad- pointed four of the presently sitting nine ministration announced that the ABA would not be consulted in the future ... Nina Totenberg of justices.' Chief Justice Burger is just be- the National Observer, who has a fine eye for such things, reported during the uproar over the Presi- ginning the fourth term of his helmsman- dent's putative nominations: 'The Supreme Court Justices reacted too. Justice Harlan, often described ship of the floating Court. The Court ap- as the Court's conservative conscious, was so out- raged that he seriously considered writing the Pres- pears somewhat adrift, sometimes chart- ident a letter of protest from his hospital bed.
    [Show full text]
  • Faculty Tables Motion Onacademicprobatio
    Volume LXX, Issue 15 Trinity College, Hartford Tuesday, November 16, 1971 • In This Issue Faculty The faculty voted at its meeting last Tuesday to table a motion which would have prohibited students on academic probation from serving on faculty committees. The meeting voted to give a student group time to draw up criteria for student membership on com- mittees. See page 2. XTX The College is exploring the possibility of purchasing the former XTX fraternity house. Two student groups have already suggested ways of using the building. However, the College does not expect to be able to buy the house until late this winter or next spring. See page 2. JibreBI Mohammud Jibrell, assistant dean for community life, calls for the College to break out of its "Western frame of mind and look to other cultures in seeking solutions to its problems. " See page 3. Security A campus guard, suspended after six black students charged that he used "racially abusive" language has been reinstated. The decision was made by Director of Security Alfred Garafolo after a three member hearing board was unable to reach a decision. See page 3. Lecture Dr. John William Ward, president of Amherst College, will deliver the annual Clement Memorial lecture Thursday at 8 p.m. in Krieble Auditorium speaking on Violence and American Liberal elms again Values. See page 9. Alumni returned to the College last weekend to dine with the President, fillI the Life Sciences Center with their gayety, and watch Trinity shut-out Wesleyan 21-0. Grads from all classes seemed to bring the Bantams luck as they finished the.r season 5-3.
    [Show full text]
  • INTRODUCTION Craig M. Bradley
    Cambridge University Press 0521859190 - The Rehnquist Legacy Edited by Craig M. Bradley Excerpt More information INTRODUCTION Craig M. Bradley William Hubbs Rehnquist was born on October 1, 1924, and grew up in Milwau- kee, Wisconsin. His father worked as a wholesale paper salesman, and his mother was a homemaker. After briefly attending Kenyon College in Ohio, he joined the Army Air Corps and was stationed in North Africa as a weather observer until the conclusion of World War II. Disdaining the midwestern climate after his ex- perience in North Africa, he attended Stanford University, where he received a bachelor’s and a master’s degree in Political Science. He moved on to get a mas- ter’s degree from Harvard, with an eye toward an academic career in Political Science. However, he became disenchanted with academics and decided to be- come a lawyer instead. To that end, he returned to Stanford and finished first in his class at Stanford Law School in December of 1951. (Future Justice Sandra Day was third). In those days, a trip to Washington from California to interview for a Supreme Court clerkship was unthinkable, even for someone who was first in his class, and Rehn- quist had not received an offer from Justice Douglas, who recruited in the West. However, as luck would have it, Justice Robert Jackson came to Stanford to ded- icate a new Law School building. Phillip Neal, a former Jackson clerk who taught at Stanford, asked Rehnquist if he would like to interview with Jackson. Rehn- quist readily accepted and was offered the job.
    [Show full text]
  • Working Draft of Josh's Thesis .Pages
    The Brandeis Model: An Examination of Presidential Relationships with Supreme Court Justices from Washington and Jay to Obama and Garland An Honors Thesis Submitted to the Department of Politics in partial fulfillment of the Honors Program by Joshua I. Luger April 21, 2016 Table of Contents Chapter 1. Introduction 1 I. Theory and Literature Chapter 2. Constitution and Federalist Papers 5 Chapter 3. Going Public 8 Chapter 4 The Politics President’s Make 10 II. Presidents Chapter 5. George Washington 11 Chapter 6. Abraham Lincoln 21 Chapter 7. Lyndon B. Johnson 25 Chapter 8. Richard Nixon 37 III. Justices Chapter 9. William Howard Taft 46 Chapter 10. Charles Evans Hughes 54 Chapter 11. Louis Brandeis 63 Chapter 12. Felix Frankfurter 68 Chapter 13. Earl Warren 73 IV. Conclusion Chapter 14. Final Thoughts 84 Chapter 15. Conclusion 87 Chapter 16. Merrick Garland 96 Bibliography 100 Chapter 1 Introduction The U.S. Supreme Court has reshaped American society and politics.1 This Court which is the least democratic institution in the American Democracy, is widely misunderstood, few people can properly identify all of the justices, let alone explain how they got there.2 Today, the Court is composed of nine justices appointed to their posts by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate.3 After the President makes his selection, the Senate Judiciary Committee holds hearings to determine the qualifications of this person. Once the nominee passes this committee, the full Senate has the opportunity to vote to confirm or deny this nominee. Traditionally, the nominee would not even appear before the committee during these hearings.
    [Show full text]