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KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN POT ORGANIK BERBAHAN DASAR ECENG GONDOK DAN PELEPAH PISANG PADA PEMBIBITAN TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma Cacao L.)

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KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN POT ORGANIK BERBAHAN DASAR ECENG GONDOK DAN PELEPAH PISANG PADA PEMBIBITAN TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma Cacao L.) KAJIAN PENGGUNAAN POT ORGANIK BERBAHAN DASAR ECENG GONDOK DAN PELEPAH PISANG PADA PEMBIBITAN TANAMAN KAKAO (Theobroma cacao L.) SKRIPSI Diajukan untuk Memenuhi Sebagai Persyaratan Mencapai Derajat Sarjana S-1 Jurusan Agronomi Oleh: NURUL YULI HARIYANTI NIM. 201610200311049 JURUSAN AGROTEKNOLOGI FAKULTAS PERTANIAN - PETERNAKAN UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH MALANG 2020 i ii iii PERSEMBAHAN Alhamdulillah hirobbil alamin, puji syukur kepada Allah SWT atas berkat rahmat dan hidayah-Nya penulis dapat menyelesaikan tugas akhir ini. Terimakasih sebesar-besarnya saya ucapkan kepada: 1. Kedua orang tua, Bapak Muhariyanto dan Ibu Sri Uwasih yang telah memberikan doa, kasih sayang, materi, motivasi, semangat dan dukungan nya kepada penulis. 2. Kakak Widya Febriyanti dan Adik Tiara Intan Maulidiya yang telah memberikan doa, kasih sayang, motivasi serta semangat kepada penulis serta Abdul Wahab Syuhada yang juga memberikan motivasi dan dukungan terutama membantu selama proses penelitian di lapang sampai peneliti melaksanakan sidang. 3. Teman - teman Agroteknologi 2016, khususnya Agroteknologi A yang telah membantu memberi nasehat, diskusi, semangat, dukungan dan kebersamaan nya di tanah rantau selama di bangku perkuliahan ini. 4. Mbak Farusa dan Mbak Farid yang meluangkan waktu nya untuk diskusi mengenai topik penelitian penulis. 5. Semua saudara dari keluarga besar bapak dan ibu penulis serta semua pihak yang telah membantu dalam hal finansial sampai penulis bisa menyelesaikan gelar sarjana ini. iv KATA PENGANTAR Assalamualaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Segala puji bagi Allah SWT yang telah memberikan rahmat dan karunia-nya sehingga penulis dapat menyelesaikan laporan penelitian skripsi dengan judul, “Kajian Penggunaan Pot Organik Berbahan Dasar Eceng Gondok dan Pelepah Pisang Pada Pembibitan Tanaman Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.)”. Selama proses penelitian dan penulisan laporan, penulis banyak mendapatkan bantuan dan dukungan dari berbagai pihak. Pada kesempatan ini penulis menyampaikan banyak terima kasih kepada semua pihak terutama: 1. Yth. Dr. H. Fauzan, M.Pd. selaku Rektor Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang. 2. Yth. Dr. Ir. David Hermawan, MP. selaku Dekan Fakultas Pertanian Peternakan. 3. Yth. Dr. Ir. Ali Ikhwan, MP. Selaku Ketua Jurusan Agroteknologi. 4. Yth. Ibu Ir. Hartawati, M.S selaku Pembimbing Utama yang telah bersedia membimbing dengan sabar selama penyusunan skripsi ini hingga selesai. 5. Yth. Ibu Dr. Ir. Aniek Iriany, M.P. selaku Pembimbing Pendamping yang bersedia membimbing dengan sabar selama penyusunan skripsi ini hingga selesai. 6. Yth. Dr. Ir. Muhidin, M.Si dan Ibu Dr. Ir. Dian Indratmi, M.P. selaku Dosen Penguji yang bersedia menguji hasil penelitian skripsi saya serta segenap dosen – dosen Agroteknologi. Penulis menyadari bahwa penelitian ini masih belum sempurna, untuk itu penulis mengharapkan masukan dan saran yang membangun dari pembaca, serta semoga penelitian ini dapat diterima dan bermanfaat bagi kita semua. Aamiin. Wassalamulaikum Warahmatullahi Wabarakatuh Malang, Oktober 2020 Penulis v DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN PESETUJUAN ................................................................................. i HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................... ii SURAT PERNYATAAN ..................................................................................... iii PERSEMBAHAN ................................................................................................. iv KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... v DAFTAR ISI ......................................................................................................... vi DAFTAR TABEL............................................................................................... viii DAFTAR GAMBAR ........................................................................................... ix DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ......................................................................................... x RINGKASAN ....................................................................................................... xi I. PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................... 1 1.1 Latar Belakang ............................................................................................ 1 1.2 Rumusan Masalah ....................................................................................... 2 1.2 Tujuan .......................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Hipotesis ...................................................................................................... 3 II. TINJAUAN PUSTAKA ................................................................................. 4 2.1 Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kakao (Theobroma cacao L.) ......................... 4 2.2 Pembibitan Kakao ....................................................................................... 6 2.3 Pot Organik (Polybag Organik) ................................................................... 8 2.4 Bahan Organik sebagai Bahan Baku Pot Organik..................................... 10 2.4.1 Eceng Gondok (Eichornia crassipes) .............................................. 10 2.4.2 Pelepah Pisang (Musa paradisiaca) ................................................ 11 III. METODELOGI PENELITIAN ................................................................. 13 3.1 Tempat dan Waktu Penelitian ................................................................... 13 3.2 Bahan dan Alat Penelitian ......................................................................... 13 3.2.1 Bahan ............................................................................................... 13 3.2.2 Alat ................................................................................................... 13 3.3 Metode Percobaan ..................................................................................... 13 vi 3.4 Denah Penelitian ....................................................................................... 16 3.5 Pelaksanaan Penelitian .............................................................................. 17 3.5.1 Pembuatan Pot Organik ................................................................... 17 3.5.2 Persiapan Benih dan Media Tanam ................................................. 17 3.5.3 Penanaman dan Pemeliharaan ......................................................... 19 3.5.4 Variabel Pengamatan ....................................................................... 20 3.5.5 Analisis Data .................................................................................... 22 IV. HASIL DAN PEMBAHASAN .................................................................... 23 4.1 Hasil .......................................................................................................... 23 4.1.1 Tinggi Tanaman ............................................................................... 23 4.1.2 Diameter Batang .............................................................................. 24 4.1.3 Jumlah Daun .................................................................................... 27 4.1.4 Potensi Tumbuh Maksimum (PTM) ................................................ 29 4.1.5 Akar ................................................................................................. 29 4.2 Pembahasan ............................................................................................... 31 4.2.1 Tinggi Tanaman ............................................................................... 31 4.2.2 Diameter Batang .............................................................................. 32 4.2.3 Jumlah daun ..................................................................................... 32 4.2.4 Potensi Tumbuh Maksimum (PTM) ................................................ 33 4.2.5 Akar ................................................................................................. 34 4.2.6 Uji Dunnet ........................................................................................ 35 V. KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN .................................................................... 38 5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................................................ 38 5.2 Saran .......................................................................................................... 39 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ......................................................................................... 41 LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................................ 45 RIWAYAT HIDUP ............................................................................................. 55 vii DAFTAR TABEL No. Teks Halaman 1. Tabel 1. Susunan Kombinasi Perlakuan Antara Formula Pot Organik dan Ukuran Pot Organik. .................................................................................... 15 2. Tabel 2. Rerata Tinggi Tanaman (cm) ......................................................... 23 3. Tabel 3. Hasil Uji Dunnet Rerata Tinggi Tanaman ..................................... 24 4. Tabel 4. Rerata Diameter Batang (mm) pada Umur 7 mst. ........................ 25 5. Tabel 5. Rerata Diameter Batang (mm). ..................................................... 26 6. Tabel 6. Hasil Uji Dunnet Rerata Diameter Batang .................................... 26 7. Tabel 7. Rerata
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