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Soccer Coaching Manual

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Soccer Coaching Manual 1 The LA84 Foundation is the organization created to manage Southern California’s share of the surplus from the 1984 Olympic Games. Located in the historic Britt House since 1985, the LA84 Foundation has committed more than $160 million to create, support and expand existing youth sports programs, and develop the Paul Ziffren Sports Resource Center. The Sports Resource Center is a state-of-the-art learning and cultural center for sports which contains sports books, films, videos, photographs and memorabilia. To date, more than two million boys and girls and more than 1,000 youth sports organizations throughout Southern California have benefited from our endowment. The goal of the LA84 Foundation is to be an innovator in youth sports and coaching, and to increase opportunities for achieving athletic excellence at every level. The Foundation grants financial assis- tance to organizations providing youth sports opportunities, initiates and operates its own youth sports programs including Run For Fun, Summer Swim, and offers free coaching education work- shops through the LA84 Foundation Coaching Program. For additional information regarding the LA84 Foundation please visit our web site at www.LA84Foundation.org. Peter V. Ueberroth, Chairman Anita L. DeFrantz, President Board of Directors: John Bryson Yvonne Burke Jae Min Chang Anita L. DeFrantz James Easton Janet Evans Priscilla Florence Bob Graziano Rafer Johnson Maureen Kindel Tom Larkin Charles D. Miller Peter O’Malley Joan Payden Amy Quinn Frank Sanchez Peter Ueberroth Gilbert Vasquez David L. Wolper, Chairman Emeritus John Ziffren 2 LA84 FOUNDATION SOCCER COACHING MANUAL Edited By Stacey Chapman Edward Derse Jacqueline Hansen Contributing Writers Amy Allmann Martin McGrogan Orlando Brenes Billy McNicol Roger Bryant Bob Myers Stacey Chapman Jen Netherwood Ellen Coleman, R.D. Sean Roche Ed Derse Sigi Schmid Afshin Ghotbi Trudi Sharpsteen Ann Grandjean, Ed.D. Karen Stanley Tim Harris Skip Stolley Norm Jackson Jim Zachazewski, M.S., P.T./A.T.C. Alan King Design Mary Jo Reutter Cover Design James Robie Design Associates ISBN 0-944831-32-X CIP 94-80269 ©1995-2012 LA84 Foundation. All rights reserved. This manual may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or converted to any elec- tronic or machine-readable form without prior written consent of the LA84 Foundation. Printed in the USA LA84 Foundation 2141 West Adams Boulevard Los Angeles, CA 90018 (323) 730-4600 3 Table of Contents Chapter 1: A Philosophy for Coaching High School Athletes . 7 The High School Coach, Someone Special . 8 High School Sports as an Extended Classroom. 15 Developing a Coaching Philosophy. 16 Chapter 2: Managing a Soccer Program. 24 Responsibilities of a Head Coach. .25 The High School Coach’s Legal Liability . 27 Sexual Abuse in Youth Sports. .29 Developing a Pre-Season Plan. 29 Organizing Tryouts . .30 Organizing Your Coaching Staff. 31 Organizing Daily Practice. .31 Special Game Considerations. .37 Preparing a Team Handbook. 38 Recruiting a Soccer Team. 39 Building a Soccer Tradition at Your School . 40 Keeping a Winning Tradition. .42 Fund-Raising and Financial Management. 43 Organizing Parents for Support. .48 Planning and Organizing a Team Trip . 50 A Guide to College Recruiting . 52 Chapter 3: Methods of Soccer Training. 59 Understanding Methods of Soccer Training. 60 Warm-Up, Mobility and Flexibility. .63 Running Fitness. .70 Strength Training. 79 The Strength and Weight Training Program. 85 Plyometric Training. 94 4 T ABLE OF CON T EN T S Soccer Coaching Program Chapter 4: Teaching Soccer Technique . 102 Receiving and Control. .103 Dribbling . .108 Passing . 113 Shooting . 124 Heading. .131 Goalkeeping . 136 Functional Training. 151 Chapter 5: Teaching Soccer Strategy and Tactics. 156 Introducing the Game of Soccer. 157 Principles of Play. .157 Styles of Play. 164 Systems of Play. .170 Game Strategy and Tactics. .172 Set Plays. .176 Match Analysis. .184 Chapter 6: Sportsmanship and the Laws of the Game. .190 Fair Play. .191 The Laws of the Game. .192 The Nine Major Fouls. .196 The Five Minor Fouls. 197 Chapter 7: Managing Soccer Injuries and Athlete Health. 200 A Coach's Duties and Player's Rights. .201 Handling a Medical Emergency. .202 Common Soccer Injuries. 203 How to Ice an Injury. 219 Alternatives to Soccer While Injured. 220 Returning an Athlete to Training . .221 Sleep and Athletic Performance. .221 5 T ABLE OF CON T EN T S Soccer Coaching Program Chapter 8: Performance-Enhancing Drugs and Supplements. 223 Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids. .224 Other Performance-Enhancing Substances. .227 Chapter 9: Eating for Health and Performance. 236 The Athlete’s Diet. 237 Pre-Competition Meals. 250 Fueling During Competition. 250 Achieving Ideal Competitive Weight . .251 Eating Disorders. 251 Glossary. 254 6 C HAP T ER 1 A Philosophy for Coaching High School Athletes High school coaching may be the most special and important profession anyone can choose. This is not because sports are important, but, rather, because the young men and women who participate in high school sports are so valuable. As a coach, you have an opportunity to foster both their emotional and physical development. The path to coaching success begins with defining a philosophy to guide your efforts. ABILITY TO ADAPT YOUR COACHING TO THE INDIVIDUAL NEEDS OF YOUR ATHLETES. ABILITY TO ADAPT YOUR COACHING TO YOUR OWN UNIQUE SITUATION. DEVELOPMENT OF YOUR OWN “TRAINING PHILOSOPHY.” ABILITY TO ORGANIZE, COMMUNICATE, AND MOTIVATE YOUNG ATHLETES. COACHING INSIGHTS GAINED FROM WORKING WITH ATHLETES. COACHING KNOWLEDGE GAINED FROM CLINICS AND PERSONAL STUDY OF TECHNIQUE AND THE SPORT SCIENCES: EXERCISE PHYSIOLOGY, BIOMECHANICS, NUTRITION AND SPORT PSYCHOLOGY. COACHING KNOWLEDGE GAINED AS AN ASSISTANT OR ATHLETE IN THE CHARGE OF A MENTOR COACH. POSITIVE PERSONAL EXPERIENCES AS AN ATHLETE. A LOVE FOR THE SPORT AND THE DESIRE TO ASSUME THE MANY ROLES OF A COACH TO HELP NEW GENERATIONS OF YOUNG ATHLETES IMPROVE. The Evolution of a Master Coach 7 C HAP T ER 1 A Philosophy for Coaching High School Athletes The High School Coach, Someone Special ATHLETES MEET SPORTS THROUGH THE COACH It is the coach who frames the sport experience for the athlete. A study of 10,000 high school athletes released in 1990 concluded that the quality of coaching has the great- est influence on whether participation in high school sports becomes a positive experi- ence for the young athlete. The sport of Soccer offers opportunities for athletic success to a wider variety of personalities, body types and natural athletic talent than any other sport. With its opportunities for individual skill as well as team competition, few other sports can provide so much for so many. There are opportunities to develop physi- cally, emotionally and socially. There are opportunities to discover hidden talents, learn about oneself and develop a new sense of competence and self-worth. There are opportunities to be part of a team while competing as an individual. There are lessons about life and reality. There is the motivation to pursue goals and objectives that most teenagers dismiss as being impossible. All these possibilities are woven into the unique fabric of sport. The responsibility of making them an intimate part of every young athlete’s Soccer experience rests squarely on the shoulders of the coach. THE ROLE OF THE COACH What exactly is the high school coach’s role: recruiter, expert teacher, trainer, strate- gist, personnel manager, administrator, promoter, communications expert, diplomat, spokesperson, psychologist, impartial judge, disciplinarian, caring friend, counselor, parent substitute? A high school coach assumes all of these diverse roles. For the coach, the greatest reward should not be the outcome of winning, but rather the pro- cess of training and competition that positively affects the personal development of young athletes. Great coaches use sport as a vehicle to enrich the lives and futures of their athletes. IT Matters WHETHER YOU WIN OR LOSE While society often perceives winning as the most prized outcome of sport, a single focus on winning by the coach can subordinate every other worthy outcome of an athlete’s participation in sports. There is nothing wrong with wanting to win, and given the choice, coaches would be nearly unanimous in choosing winning over the alternative. But there is a difference between being focused and being obsessed. Winning is just not the only important outcome of sport. 8 C HAP T ER 1 A Philosophy for Coaching High School Athletes Factors that Determine Who Wins and Who Loses Coaches should recognize that two factors primarily determine whether an athlete or team wins a given competition: 1. How well the athlete and/or team performs in a particular competition. Every individual and team is capable of a certain level of performance. How well the athletes exploit that capability in competition is.
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