B-Chromosomes in Gymnosperms
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Biodiversity Conservation in Botanical Gardens
AgroSMART 2019 International scientific and practical conference ``AgroSMART - Smart solutions for agriculture'' Volume 2019 Conference Paper Biodiversity Conservation in Botanical Gardens: The Collection of Pinaceae Representatives in the Greenhouses of Peter the Great Botanical Garden (BIN RAN) E M Arnautova and M A Yaroslavceva Department of Botanical garden, BIN RAN, Saint-Petersburg, Russia Abstract The work researches the role of botanical gardens in biodiversity conservation. It cites the total number of rare and endangered plants in the greenhouse collection of Peter the Great Botanical garden (BIN RAN). The greenhouse collection of Pinaceae representatives has been analysed, provided with a short description of family, genus and certain species, presented in the collection. The article highlights the importance of Pinaceae for various industries, decorative value of plants of this group, the worth of the pinaceous as having environment-improving properties. In Corresponding Author: the greenhouses there are 37 species of Pinaceae, of 7 geni, all species have a E M Arnautova conservation status: CR -- 2 species, EN -- 3 species, VU- 3 species, NT -- 4 species, LC [email protected] -- 25 species. For most species it is indicated what causes depletion. Most often it is Received: 25 October 2019 the destruction of natural habitats, uncontrolled clearance, insect invasion and diseases. Accepted: 15 November 2019 Published: 25 November 2019 Keywords: biodiversity, botanical gardens, collections of tropical and subtropical plants, Pinaceae plants, conservation status Publishing services provided by Knowledge E E M Arnautova and M A Yaroslavceva. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons 1. Introduction Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use and Nowadays research of biodiversity is believed to be one of the overarching goals for redistribution provided that the original author and source are the modern world. -
Vegetation Responses to Interglacial Warming
Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Clim. Past Discuss., 9, 245–267, 2013 www.clim-past-discuss.net/9/245/2013/ Climate doi:10.5194/cpd-9-245-2013 of the Past CPD © Author(s) 2013. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Discussions 9, 245–267, 2013 This discussion paper is/has been under review for the journal Climate of the Past (CP). Vegetation Please refer to the corresponding final paper in CP if available. responses to interglacial warming A. V. Lozhkin and Vegetation responses to interglacial P. M. Anderson warming in the Arctic, examples from Lake El’gygytgyn, northeast Siberia Title Page Abstract Introduction 1 2 A. V. Lozhkin and P. M. Anderson Conclusions References 1 Northeast Interdisciplinary Scientific Research Institute, Far East Branch, Russian Academy Tables Figures of Sciences, 16 Portovaya Street, Magadan, 685000, Russia 2Earth & Space Sciences and Quaternary Research Center, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195-1310, USA J I Received: 28 August 2012 – Accepted: 3 September 2012 – Published: 15 January 2013 J I Correspondence to: P. M. Anderson ([email protected]) Back Close Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. Full Screen / Esc Printer-friendly Version Interactive Discussion 245 Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Discussion Paper | Abstract CPD Palynological data from Lake El’gygytgyn reveal responses of plant communities to a range of climatic conditions that can help assess the possible impact of global warm- 9, 245–267, 2013 ing on arctoboreal ecosystems. Vegetation associated with climatic optima suggests 5 two types of interglacial responses: one is dominated by deciduous taxa (the post- Vegetation glacial thermal maximum (PGTM) and marine isotope stage (MIS5)) and the second responses to by evergreen conifers (MIS11, MIS31). -
Conifer Quarterly
Conifer Quarterly Vol. 26 No. 2 Spring 2009 Picea abies ‘Reflexa’ Photo by Dennis Groh The Conifer Quarterly is th e pub lication of the American Conifer Society Contents 7 How I spruced up Georgia by Tom Cox 10 A Fungus Made Us Do It by Bill Van Kosky 17 Brassica hirta by Phil Syphrit 19 Stonehedge, the Garden of Ken and Elena Jordan Text and Photos by Jack Ayers 26 Winter Burn on Conifers by Ellen Kelley 28 Evaluating Landscape Adaptability of Hemlock Species Picea abies 'Lanham's Beehive' ( spp.) in Western North Carolina Photo by Randall C. Smith, Courtesy of Iseli Nursery Tsuga by Anthony V. LeBude and Thomas G. Ranney 32 Collecting Northern Conifers by William Journeay 36 Conifer Destinations by Tom Cox 38 Conifers with Leaves by Maud Henne American Conifer Society Voices 2 President’s Message 4 Editor’s Memo 16 Letter to the Editor 41 ACS 2009 National Meeting 44 2009 Western Region Meeting 46 $7,000 Awarded to Four Southeast Regional Gardens Picea omorika ‘Pimoko’ Photo by Randall C. Smith, Courtesy of Iseli Nursery Vol. 26 No. 2 CONIFER QUARTERLY 3 Conifer AS I SEE IT FROM THE PRESIDENT ’S DESK “Everything is connected to everything At the recently concluded Winter way to recruit new members. else. There is one ecosphere for all living Board Meeting, the board focused on The charge to each region, then, is to Quarterly organisms and what affects one, affects membership. Our concern is not as much develop a plan to increase membership in all. ” with members who do not renew their region. -
Srovnání Morfologie Příčných Řezů Jehlic Smrků (Rod Picea)
Přírodovědecká fakulta v Olomouci Katedra Botaniky BAKALÁŘSKÁ PRÁCE Markéta Frdlíková Srovnání morfologie příčných řezů jehlic smrků (rod Picea) Vedoucí práce: RNDr. Radim J. Vašut, Ph.D. Obor: Biologie – geologie a ochrana ţivotního prostředí Místo a datum odevzdání: Olomouc, 26. července 2013 PROHLÁŠENÍ Prohlašuji, ţe jsem bakalářskou práci vykonávala samostatně, řídila jsem se pokyny svého vedoucího práce a předepsanou literaturou. V Olomouci, 26. července 2013 …..……………………. Markéta Frdlíková PODĚKOVÁNÍ Chtěla bych poděkovat svému vedoucímu práce RNDr. Radimu Janu Vašutovi, Ph.D. za ochotu pomoci, dodání materiálu a jeho času strávených na konzultačních hodinách. Dále bych chtěla poděkovat RNDr. Dagmar Skálové, Ph.D. za názornou ukázku řezání příčných řezů jehlic a seznámení s prací na mikrofotografickém systému Olympus DP 70. BIBLIOGRAFICKÁ IDENTIFIKACE Jméno a příjmení: Markéta Frdlíková Název práce : Srovnání morfologie příčných řezů jehlic smrků (rod Picea) Typ práce: Bakalářská Pracoviště: Katedra botaniky Vedoucí práce: RNDr. Radim J. Vašut, Ph.D. Rok obhajoby práce: 2013 Abstrakt: Úkolem mé bakalářské práce je charakterizovat vybrané druhy rodu Picea (smrku). Hlavním cílem je srovnání morfologie příčných řezů jehlic nejčastěji pěstovaných druhů u nás napříč hlavními fylogenetickými skupinami. Morfologické znaky jsou hlavním identifikačním znakem pro rozlišení jednotlivých druhů smrku (Picea). Práce byla doplněna o přehled dalších morfologických makroznaků uváděných v dendrologické literatuře, informace o rozšíření a další biologické -
Identification of the Parental Species of a Putative Hybrid Spruce Picea × Notha Using DNA Markers with Contrasting Modes of Inheritance
ISSN 1346-7565 Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 69 (1): 11–19 (2018) doi: 10.18942/apg.201712 Identification of the Parental Species of a Putative Hybrid Spruce Picea × notha Using DNA Markers with Contrasting Modes of Inheritance 1,* 2 3 4 MINEAKI AIZAWA MASAKAZU G. IWAIZUMI , HIROSHI YOSHIMARU AND SUSUMU GOTO 1 Department of Forest Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Utsunomiya University, 350, Mine-machi, Utsunomiya, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan. * [email protected] (author for correspondence); 2 Kansai Regional Breeding Office, Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1043 Uetsukinaka, Shoo, Katsuta, Okayama 709-4335, Japan; 3 Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan; 4 Education and Research Center, The University of Tokyo Forests, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan Picea × notha, described by Rehder in 1939, is thought to be a putative hybrid between pollen receptive P. glehnii and pollen donating P. jezoensis var. hondoensis; however, such hybrid is questionable because the distributions of P. glehnii and P. jezoensis var. hondoensis do not overlap naturally. Recently, a natu- ral hybrid between P. glehnii and P. jezoensis var. jezoensis, which is morphologically similar to P. × notha, was genetically determined. Therefore, the goal of this study was to identify the parental species of P. × notha using maternally inherited mitochondrial (mt), paternally inherited chloroplast (cp), and biparentally inherited nuclear (n) DNA markers and to elucidate the similarity of P. × notha and natural hybrids occurring in Hokkaido. -
The Evolution of Cavitation Resistance in Conifers Maximilian Larter
The evolution of cavitation resistance in conifers Maximilian Larter To cite this version: Maximilian Larter. The evolution of cavitation resistance in conifers. Bioclimatology. Univer- sit´ede Bordeaux, 2016. English. <NNT : 2016BORD0103>. <tel-01375936> HAL Id: tel-01375936 https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01375936 Submitted on 3 Oct 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L'archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destin´eeau d´ep^otet `ala diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publi´esou non, lished or not. The documents may come from ´emanant des ´etablissements d'enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche fran¸caisou ´etrangers,des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou priv´es. THESE Pour obtenir le grade de DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITE DE BORDEAUX Spécialité : Ecologie évolutive, fonctionnelle et des communautés Ecole doctorale: Sciences et Environnements Evolution de la résistance à la cavitation chez les conifères The evolution of cavitation resistance in conifers Maximilian LARTER Directeur : Sylvain DELZON (DR INRA) Co-Directeur : Jean-Christophe DOMEC (Professeur, BSA) Soutenue le 22/07/2016 Devant le jury composé de : Rapporteurs : Mme Amy ZANNE, Prof., George Washington University Mr Jordi MARTINEZ VILALTA, Prof., Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Examinateurs : Mme Lisa WINGATE, CR INRA, UMR ISPA, Bordeaux Mr Jérôme CHAVE, DR CNRS, UMR EDB, Toulouse i ii Abstract Title: The evolution of cavitation resistance in conifers Abstract Forests worldwide are at increased risk of widespread mortality due to intense drought under current and future climate change. -
Tracheophyte of Xiao Hinggan Ling in China: an Updated Checklist
Biodiversity Data Journal 7: e32306 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.7.e32306 Taxonomic Paper Tracheophyte of Xiao Hinggan Ling in China: an updated checklist Hongfeng Wang‡§, Xueyun Dong , Yi Liu|,¶, Keping Ma | ‡ School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China § School of Food Engineering Harbin University, Harbin, China | State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China ¶ University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China Corresponding author: Hongfeng Wang ([email protected]) Academic editor: Daniele Cicuzza Received: 10 Dec 2018 | Accepted: 03 Mar 2019 | Published: 27 Mar 2019 Citation: Wang H, Dong X, Liu Y, Ma K (2019) Tracheophyte of Xiao Hinggan Ling in China: an updated checklist. Biodiversity Data Journal 7: e32306. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.7.e32306 Abstract Background This paper presents an updated list of tracheophytes of Xiao Hinggan Ling. The list includes 124 families, 503 genera and 1640 species (Containing subspecific units), of which 569 species (Containing subspecific units), 56 genera and 6 families represent first published records for Xiao Hinggan Ling. The aim of the present study is to document an updated checklist by reviewing the existing literature, browsing the website of National Specimen Information Infrastructure and additional data obtained in our research over the past ten years. This paper presents an updated list of tracheophytes of Xiao Hinggan Ling. The list includes 124 families, 503 genera and 1640 species (Containing subspecific units), of which 569 species (Containing subspecific units), 56 genera and 6 families represent first published records for Xiao Hinggan Ling. The aim of the present study is to document an updated checklist by reviewing the existing literature, browsing the website of National Specimen Information Infrastructure and additional data obtained in our research over the past ten years. -
Chapter 21. Trees, Shrubs and Woody Vines
TREES, SHRUBS AND WOODY VINES James B. Calkins Introduction have broad leaves, flowers, variable fruit, and many, Trees, shrubs and woody vines represent the woody but not all, are deciduous or lose their leaves during a members of the plant world. The terms “tree”, “shrub” dormant period, usually during winter. Most and “vine” are non-scientific general descriptive words gymnosperms have narrow leaves called needles, are with no well-defined specific meaning. The American cone-bearing, and are evergreen. Again, there are Standards for Nursery Stock, which is included with notable exceptions to these generalizations. The term this manual, gives some definition to the terms, but in “woody” means that the cells of the stems and general, a “tree” is understood to be a woody plant branches contain ‘lignin’ which serves as a support approximately six feet to over 100 feet in height at structure and gives a permanence to branches even maturity with most major branches derived from a when the plant dies, whereas “herbaceous” plants single erect stem. Variations can include a two to five contain little or no lignin and collapse as soon as the stem clump or a multi-stem form of these same plant dies or goes dormant. species. Shrubs can be defined as almost always having branches deriving from multiple stems and Knowledge of a plant’s classification, characteristics, generally under 15 to 20 feet in height. Vines are and history or native habitat is essential to its highly apically dominant plants, generally with few production in the nursery and to its proper utilization in side branches. -
Genetic Diversity and Structure of Japanese Endemic Genus Thujopsis (Cupressaceae) Using EST-SSR Markers
Article Genetic Diversity and Structure of Japanese Endemic Genus Thujopsis (Cupressaceae) Using EST-SSR Markers Michiko Inanaga 1, Yoichi Hasegawa 2, Kentaro Mishima 1 and Katsuhiko Takata 3,* 1 Forest Tree Breeding Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, 3809-1 Ishi, Juo, Hitachi, Ibaraki 319-1301, Japan; inasuzume@affrc.go.jp (M.I.); mishimak@affrc.go.jp (K.M.) 2 Department of Forest Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Forest Research and Management Organization, 1 Matsunosato, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8687, Japan; [email protected] 3 Institute of Wood Technology, Akita Prefectural University, 11-1 Kaieizaka, Noshiro, Akita 016-0876, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-185-52-6900 Received: 24 July 2020; Accepted: 24 August 2020; Published: 27 August 2020 Abstract: The genus Thujopsis (Cupressaceae) comprises monoecious coniferous trees endemic to Japan. This genus includes two varieties: Thujopsis dolabrata (L.f.) Siebold et Zucc. var. dolabrata (southern variety, Td) and Thujopsis dolabrata (L.f.) Siebold et Zucc. var. hondae Makino (northern variety, Th). The aim of this study is to understand the phylogeographic and genetic population relationships of the genus Thujopsis for the conservation of genetic resources and future breeding. A total of 609 trees from 22 populations were sampled, including six populations from the Td distribution range and 16 populations from the Th distribution range. The genotyping results for 19 expressed sequence tag (EST)-based simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, followed by a structure analysis, neighbor-joining tree creation, an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), and hierarchical F statistics, supported the existence of two genetic clusters related to the distribution regions of the Td and Th varieties. -
Patterns of Branch Growth and Death in Crowns of Sakhalin Spruce, Picea Glehnii (F
Article Patterns of Branch Growth and Death in Crowns of Sakhalin Spruce, Picea glehnii (F. Schmidt) Mast. Lei Chen * and Akihiro Sumida Institute of Low Temperature Science, Hokkaido University, N19W8, Sapporo 060-0819, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +81-011-706-7660 Academic Editors: Mark S. Ashton and Timothy A. Martin Received: 23 December 2016; Accepted: 11 January 2017; Published: 15 January 2017 Abstract: The development of crown architecture strongly affects tree growth and survival. Growth and death of primary branches (those branching off from the main stem) and secondary branches (those from a primary branch) in the lowest part of the crown were investigated for Picea glehnii in an even-aged plantation. Probability of death of a primary branch decreased as the length between its basal location and the crown base (LCB) increased (p = 0.04), but this probability was not significantly related to the relative photosynthetic photon flux density (rPPFD) above the primary branch (p = 0.18). The probability of producing one or more current-year shoots on a primary branch increased with increasing rPPFD above the primary branch (p = 0.01); however, this probability was unrelated to LCB (p = 0.29). Secondary branches at the distal part of a primary branch produced more current-year shoots and exhibited a lower probability of death than proximal branches (p < 0.01), probably because rPPFD above the distal secondary branches was greater than the proximal branches (p < 0.01). Our results suggest that, while local light conditions are relevant to shoot production and shoot death on a primary branch, the death of an entire primary branch may be related to some morphological attributes concerning the length to the crown base. -
Environmental Protection at Prigorodnoye Production Complex
WHAT IS THE ENVIRONMENT? he environment is everything that surrounds us. All the components of Tthe environment, air, earth, water, plants and animals are closely interlinked in a delicately balanced system. Human beings, of course, are also a part of the environment. However, unlike most animals that live in the environment as it exists, human beings can change their environmental conditions. With the ability to alter the world that surrounds us, we have the responsibility to maintain the integrity of the environment and to reduce environmental impacts. We must not see ourselves as the lords over nature, but rather as a part of nature — that part obliged to preserve the balance and stability of the environment for future generations. HOW IS HUMAN ACTIVITY AFFECTING THE ENVIRONMENT? s science and technology advanced in the 20th century, Athe world got many new devices to make everyday life more comfortable: cars, computers, and mobile phones, to name only a few. However, the introduction of modern conveniences has also had its drawbacks — and has taken a toll on the environment. Over the course of the last century environmental pollution increased a staggering 10-fold. So what can we do to preserve our natural surroundings? Of course, businesses will not shutter plants and factories, and consumers will not dispense with their cars and other luxuries. We must search for newer and safer technologies with less environmental impact, such as generating power from alternative sources and using materials that are biodegradable. With these new technologies, man to do less harm to the environment. 1 akhalin Island is a new oil and gas production centre of great importance Sto the global oil and gas market. -
Growth of Abies Sachalinensis Along an Urban Gradient Affected By
Article Growth of Abies sachalinensis Along an Urban Gradient Affected by Environmental Pollution in Sapporo, Japan Astrid Moser-Reischl 1,*, Thomas Rötzer 1 , Peter Biber 1 , Matthias Ulbricht 1, Enno Uhl 1, 2, 2, 1 Laiye Qu y, Takayoshi Koike y and Hans Pretzsch 1 Forest Growth and Yield Science, School of Life Sciences, Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 2, 85354 Freising, Germany 2 Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected] Present address: Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Science, y Beijing 100085, China and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Received: 22 June 2019; Accepted: 16 August 2019; Published: 20 August 2019 Abstract: Urban tree growth is often affected by reduced water availability, higher temperatures, small and compacted planting pits, as well as high nutrient and pollution inputs. Despite these hindering growth conditions, recent studies found a surprisingly better growth of urban trees compared to trees at rural sites, and an enhanced growth of trees in recent times. We compared urban versus rural growing Sakhalin fir (Abies sachalinensis (F. Schmidt) Mast.) trees in Sapporo, northern Japan and analyzed the growth differences between growing sites and the effects of environmental pollution (NO2, NOX, SO2 and OX) on tree growth. Tree growth was assessed by a dendrochronological study across a gradient from urban to rural sites and related to high detailed environmental pollution data with mixed model approaches and regression analyses. A higher growth of urban trees compared to rural trees was found, along with an overall accelerated growth rate of A.