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Ballistic Protective Properties of Material Representative of English Civil War Buff-Coats and Clothing
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UWE Bristol Research Repository International Journal of Legal Medicine (2020) 134:1949–1956 https://doi.org/10.1007/s00414-020-02378-x ORIGINAL ARTICLE Ballistic protective properties of material representative of English civil war buff-coats and clothing Brian May1 & Richard Critchley1 & Debra Carr1,2 & Alan Peare1 & Keith Dowen3 Received: 19 March 2020 /Accepted: 15 July 2020 / Published online: 21 July 2020 # The Author(s) 2020 Abstract One type of clothing system used in the English Civil War, more common amongst cavalrymen than infantrymen, was the linen shirt, wool waistcoat and buff-coat. Ballistic testing was conducted to estimate the velocity at which 50% of 12-bore lead spherical projectiles (V50) would be expected to perforate this clothing system when mounted on gelatine (a tissue simulant used in wound ballistic studies). An estimated six-shot V50 for the clothing system was calculated as 102 m/s. The distance at which the projectile would have decelerated from the muzzle of the weapon to this velocity in free flight was triple the recognised effective range of weapons of the era suggesting that the clothing system would provide limited protection for the wearer. The estimated V50 was also compared with recorded bounce-and-roll data; this suggested that the clothing system could provide some protection to the wearer from ricochets. Finally, potential wounding behind the clothing system was investigated; the results compared favourably with seventeenth century medical writings. Keywords Leather . Linen . Wool . Behind armour blunt trauma . -
Oriental and Pacific Boxing Federation OPBF Male May Ratings 2016
Oriental and Pacific Boxing Federation OPBF Male May Ratings 2016 Minimumweight (105 lbs. / 47.627 kgs) Light Flyweight (108 lbs. / 48.988 kgs) Flyweight (112 lbs. / 50.802 kgs) Champion Chao Zhong Xiong (C ) Champion VACANT Champion Arden Diale (P) Won date September 18, 2015 Won date Won date December 2, 2015 Last defense Last defense Last defense February 20, 2016 (1st def) Silver C. Riku Kano (J) Silver C. Silver C. 1 Merlito Sabillo (P) 1 Ken Shiro (J) 1 Kwanpichit "Express" (T) 2 Ryuya Yamanaka (J) 2 Toshimasa Ouchi (J) 2 Takuya Kogawa (J) 3 Jeronil Borres (P) 3 Cristian Araneta (P) 3 Kongfah Nakornluang (T) 4 Tatsuya Fukuhara (J) 4 Sho Kimura (J) 4 Eaktawan Krungthepthonburi (T) 5 Dexter Alimento (P) 5 Takuro Habu (J) 5 Daigo Higa (J) 6 Genki Hanai (J) 6 Rene Patillano (P) 6 Naoki Mochizuki (J) 7 Jerry Tomogdan (P) 7 Michael Landero (P) 7 Shun Kosaka (J) 8 Petchmanee Kokietgym (T) 8 Detranong Omkrathonk (T) 8 Masahiro Sakamoto (J) 9 Clyde Azarcon (P) 9 Richard Claveras (P) 9 Pablo Carillo (J/ Co) 10 Hiroto Kyoguchi (J) 10 Ben Mananquil (P) 10 Renan Trongco (P) 11 Lito Dante (P) 11 Masataka Taniguchi (J) 11 Marjun Pantilgan (P) 12 Rommel Asenjo (P) 12 Koji Itagaki (J) 12 Pakpoom Hammarach (T) 13 Jeffrey Galero (P) 13 Yu Kimura (J) 13 Masayoshi Hashizume (J) 14 Reiya Konishi (J) 14 Kenichi Horikawa (J) 14 Jay-Ar Diama (P) 15 Roque Lauro (P) 15 Renren Tesorio (P) 15 Giovanni Escaner (P) Super-Flyweight (115 lbs. / 52.163 kgs) Bantamweight (118 lbs / 53.524 kgs) Super-Bantamweight(122 lbs / 55.338 kgs) Champion Takuma Inoue (J) Champion Takahiro Yamamoto (J) Champion Shun Kubo (J) Won date July 6, 2015 Won date August 2, 2015 Won date December 26, 2015 Last defense May 8, 2016 (2nd def.) Last defense December 31, 2015 (1st def.) Last defense May 16, 2016 (1st Def.) Silver C. -
Flag Research Quarterly, August 2016, No. 10
FLAG RESEARCH QUARTERLY REVUE TRIMESTRIELLE DE RECHERCHE EN VEXILLOLOGIE AUGUST / AOÛT 2016 No. 10 DOUBLE ISSUE / FASCICULE DOUBLE A research publication of the North American Vexillological Association / Une publication de recherche de THE FLAGS AND l’Association nord-américaine de vexillologie SEALS OF TEXAS A S I LV E R A NN I V E R S A R Y R E V I S I O N Charles A. Spain I. Introduction “The flag is the embodiment, not of sentiment, but of history. It represents the experiences made by men and women, the experiences of those who do and live under that flag.” Woodrow Wilson1 “FLAG, n. A colored rag borne above troops and hoisted on forts and ships. It appears to serve the same purpose as certain signs that one sees on vacant lots in London—‘Rubbish may be shot here.’” Ambrose Bierce2 The power of the flag as a national symbol was all too evident in the 1990s: the constitutional debate over flag burning in the United States; the violent removal of the communist seal from the Romanian flag; and the adoption of the former czarist flag by the Russian Federation. In the United States, Texas alone possesses a flag and seal directly descended from revolution and nationhood. The distinctive feature of INSIDE / SOMMAIRE Page both the state flag and seal, the Lone Star, is famous worldwide because of the brief Editor’s Note / Note de la rédaction 2 existence of the Republic of Texas (March 2, 1836, to December 29, 1845).3 For all Solid Vexillology 2 the Lone Star’s fame, however, there is much misinformation about it. -
Pinjarra Park Printable Form Guide
FREE printable form guides from www.punters.com.au Pinjarra Park Tuesday 25th April 2017 Race 1 PINJARRA RSL MAIDEN 1600m 1:09 pm Race 2 SOUND TELEGRAPH HANDICAP 1500m 1:44 pm Race 3 AURORA LANDSCAPING MAIDEN 1200m 2:19 pm Race 4 PINJARRA REAL ESTATE MAIDEN 1200m 2:54 pm Race 5 WORK CLOBBER MANDURAH MAIDEN 1000m 3:29 pm Race 6 SIGN STRATEGY HANDICAP 1000m 4:04 pm Race 7 WAROONA RURAL SERVICES HANDICAP 2000m 4:34 pm Race 8 RENEW IPL HANDICAP 1300m 5:10 pm Produced for free by Punters.com.au, thanks to William Hill Punters.com.au is your ultimate racing website. Social networking, free form guides, odds comparison, betting deals, the latest news, photos and a revolutionary tipping system allowing punters to buy and sell their horse racing tips. Visit www.punters.com.au for more information. © 2017 Punters Paradise Pty Ltd. If you're reading this copyright notice you're probably thinking of printing lots of copies. Go for it. Give a copy to your mates, your mum and some strangers at the TAB. We want people to have our free form guides. Just don't sell them, alter, change or reproduce parts of this form guide as it's strictly prohibited. While Punters.com.au takes all care in the preparation of information we accept no responsibility nor warrants the accuracy of the information displayed. © 2017 Racing Australia Pty Ltd (RA) (and other parties working with it). Racing materials, including fields, form and results are subject to copyright which is owned by RA and other parties working with it. -
Behind the Mask: My Autobiography
Contents 1. List of Illustrations 2. Prologue 3. Introduction 4. 1 King for a Day 5. 2 Destiny’s Child 6. 3 Paris 7. 4 Vested Interests 8. 5 School of Hard Knocks 9. 6 Rolling with the Punches 10. 7 Finding Klitschko 11. 8 The Dark 12. 9 Into the Light 13. 10 Fat Chance 14. 11 Wild Ambition 15. 12 Drawing Power 16. 13 Family Values 17. 14 A New Dawn 18. 15 Bigger than Boxing 19. Illustrations 20. Useful Mental Health Contacts 21. Professional Boxing Record 22. Index About the Author Tyson Fury is the undefeated lineal heavyweight champion of the world. Born and raised in Manchester, Fury weighed just 1lb at birth after being born three months premature. His father John named him after Mike Tyson. From Irish traveller heritage, the“Gypsy King” is undefeated in 28 professional fights, winning 27 with 19 knockouts, and drawing once. His most famous victory came in 2015, when he stunned longtime champion Wladimir Klitschko to win the WBA, IBF and WBO world heavyweight titles. He was forced to vacate the belts because of issues with drugs, alcohol and mental health, and did not fight again for more than two years. Most thought he was done with boxing forever. Until an amazing comeback fight with Deontay Wilder in December 2018. It was an instant classic, ending in a split decision tie. Outside of the ring, Tyson Fury is a mental health ambassador. He donated his million dollar purse from the Deontay Wilder fight to the homeless. This book is dedicated to the cause of mental health awareness. -
STELLAR FLAGS by Scott Mainwaring Stellar Flags 1 Tion of That Word
Portland Flag Association Publication 1 Portland Flag Association ―Free, and Worth Every Penny!‖ Issue 11 October 2006 INSIDE THIS ISSUE: STELLAR FLAGS By Scott Mainwaring Stellar Flags 1 tion of that word. Never mind that real stars are twinkling point sources Pirate Flags 2 Flag design has long looked to the natural world and its phenomena as a of light (except for certain stars ob- Some Flag Related Websites 3 source of inspiration and symbolism. served through powerful telescopes October 2006 Flutterings 3 Much of this vocabulary is earth- which can resolve an actual disc of Next Meeting Announcement 4 bound, making use of plants, ani- light) that bear, at most, a very rough Flags in the News 4 mals, and landscape features. But resemblance to the decagonal shapes Correction 4 perhaps as much of it is celestial, one learns to draw as a child. Just The Flag Quiz 7 making use of astronomical objects say that it‘s our cultural convention to depict stars in this way, and that like the Sun, the Moon, and the stars – this last being the focus of this arti- depiction of a natural object is what cle. Let's call a flag with such a rela- indeed is going on in almost all cases. tionship a stellar flag. At first glance, This may be the case, but if so, this is ―stellar flag‖ is a huge category – a very weak sense of ―stellar.‖ It stars on flags are in no short supply. seems more apt to say that, even if As a rough (under-) estimate, originally inspired by the natural as- Wikipedia (as of 10/4/06) lists 403 tronomical object, most stars on current and historical flags with one most flags (like most stars in most or more stars. -
The Colours of the Fleet
THE COLOURS OF THE FLEET TCOF BRITISH & BRITISH DERIVED ENSIGNS ~ THE MOST COMPREHENSIVE WORLDWIDE LIST OF ALL FLAGS AND ENSIGNS, PAST AND PRESENT, WHICH BEAR THE UNION FLAG IN THE CANTON “Build up the highway clear it of stones lift up an ensign over the peoples” Isaiah 62 vv 10 Created and compiled by Malcolm Farrow OBE President of the Flag Institute Edited and updated by David Prothero 15 January 2015 © 1 CONTENTS Chapter 1 Page 3 Introduction Page 5 Definition of an Ensign Page 6 The Development of Modern Ensigns Page 10 Union Flags, Flagstaffs and Crowns Page 13 A Brief Summary Page 13 Reference Sources Page 14 Chronology Page 17 Numerical Summary of Ensigns Chapter 2 British Ensigns and Related Flags in Current Use Page 18 White Ensigns Page 25 Blue Ensigns Page 37 Red Ensigns Page 42 Sky Blue Ensigns Page 43 Ensigns of Other Colours Page 45 Old Flags in Current Use Chapter 3 Special Ensigns of Yacht Clubs and Sailing Associations Page 48 Introduction Page 50 Current Page 62 Obsolete Chapter 4 Obsolete Ensigns and Related Flags Page 68 British Isles Page 81 Commonwealth and Empire Page 112 Unidentified Flags Page 112 Hypothetical Flags Chapter 5 Exclusions. Page 114 Flags similar to Ensigns and Unofficial Ensigns Chapter 6 Proclamations Page 121 A Proclamation Amending Proclamation dated 1st January 1801 declaring what Ensign or Colours shall be borne at sea by Merchant Ships. Page 122 Proclamation dated January 1, 1801 declaring what ensign or colours shall be borne at sea by merchant ships. 2 CHAPTER 1 Introduction The Colours of The Fleet 2013 attempts to fill a gap in the constitutional and historic records of the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth by seeking to list all British and British derived ensigns which have ever existed. -
Top 10 Birds for Raising Backyard Chickens
Top 10 Birds for Raising Backyard Chickens (According to Chickenreview.com) When you’re picking your first flock, there are a few key things to look for: 1. The breed should be a recognized breed, and should be easy to find in most hatcheries. 2. The breed should have a reputation for docility, friendliness, and general tameness. 3. The breed should be fairly low-maintenance without too many care issues. You should decide whether you’re raising chickens for table meat or just eggs. If you want eggs, choose a breed that excels at laying. If you want meat, make sure to pick birds that gain weight quickly. The great thing about chickens is there are a few breeds that meet these criteria, making them excellent birds for the average backyard flock. Some of these birds are good layers and some are good layers and meat birds also! We’ve put together a list of our ten favorite chicken breeds for Urban or backyard flocks. Each of the breeds on our list meets most of the items to look for we’ve mentioned, and are very good birds for a beginner. 1: Rhode Island Red: The Best Dual-Purpose Bird: Easy to care for and a good layer! They are a popular choice for backyard flocks because of their egg laying abilities and hardiness. Although they can sometimes be stubborn, healthy hens can lay up to 5–6 eggs per week depending on their care and treatment. Rhode Island Red hens lay many more eggs than an average hen if provided plenty of quality feed 2: Buff Orpington: The Best Pet Chicken: The one caution on this breed is that their docile nature will often make them a target for bullying from other birds. -
Global Guide to Discriminatory Practices in Football
Global Guide to Discriminatory Practices in Football Version 1 June 2017 1 www.farenet.org Contents Introduction 4 Commonly used discriminatory practices 8 Football Confederations 10 Asian Football Confederation 10 Oceania Football Confederation 14 Confederation of African Football 15 Confederation of North, Central America 18 and Caribbean Association Football South American Football Confederation 24 Union of European Football Associations 31 About Fare 73 Publication by: Fare network PO Box 72058 London EC1P 1UH UK First version, June 2017 2 3 www.farenet.org Global Guide to Discriminatory Practices in Football Introduction Article 4 of the FIFA Statutes Non-discrimination, gender equality Football is played by millions of people in every corner of the world, and stance against racism says that: bringing together individuals of all nations and backgrounds across “Discrimination of any kind against a country, private person or group of communities. At the same time football stadiums have become places people on account of race, skin colour, ethnic, national or social origin, where discrimination is manifested on a frequent basis – towards gender, disability, language, religion, political opinion or any other players, officials and fans. The practices aim to exclude or erase the opinion, wealth, birth or any other status, sexual orientation or any other dignity of other human beings based on real or perceived differences reason is strictly prohibited and punishable by suspension – whether they are ethnic minorities, women, LGBT+ people or or expulsion.” disabled people. The impact of discrimination goes beyond the use of insulting words, The United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights states that and the patterns by which people are discriminated against in football “all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights” – people reflect the most common forms of abuse suffered by vulnerable of every colour, from every race and ethnic group; whether or not they groups in society. -
Color Chart Colorchart
Color Chart AMERICANA ACRYLICS Snow (Titanium) White White Wash Cool White Warm White Light Buttermilk Buttermilk Oyster Beige Antique White Desert Sand Bleached Sand Eggshell Pink Chiffon Baby Blush Cotton Candy Electric Pink Poodleskirt Pink Baby Pink Petal Pink Bubblegum Pink Carousel Pink Royal Fuchsia Wild Berry Peony Pink Boysenberry Pink Dragon Fruit Joyful Pink Razzle Berry Berry Cobbler French Mauve Vintage Pink Terra Coral Blush Pink Coral Scarlet Watermelon Slice Cadmium Red Red Alert Cinnamon Drop True Red Calico Red Cherry Red Tuscan Red Berry Red Santa Red Brilliant Red Primary Red Country Red Tomato Red Naphthol Red Oxblood Burgundy Wine Heritage Brick Alizarin Crimson Deep Burgundy Napa Red Rookwood Red Antique Maroon Mulberry Cranberry Wine Natural Buff Sugared Peach White Peach Warm Beige Coral Cloud Cactus Flower Melon Coral Blush Bright Salmon Peaches 'n Cream Coral Shell Tangerine Bright Orange Jack-O'-Lantern Orange Spiced Pumpkin Tangelo Orange Orange Flame Canyon Orange Warm Sunset Cadmium Orange Dried Clay Persimmon Burnt Orange Georgia Clay Banana Cream Sand Pineapple Sunny Day Lemon Yellow Summer Squash Bright Yellow Cadmium Yellow Yellow Light Golden Yellow Primary Yellow Saffron Yellow Moon Yellow Marigold Golden Straw Yellow Ochre Camel True Ochre Antique Gold Antique Gold Deep Citron Green Margarita Chartreuse Yellow Olive Green Yellow Green Matcha Green Wasabi Green Celery Shoot Antique Green Light Sage Light Lime Pistachio Mint Irish Moss Sweet Mint Sage Mint Mint Julep Green Jadeite Glass Green Tree Jade -
DEMO CLEARANCE! ONLY at GLUYAS NISSAN News
Thursday, Aug 29, 2019 Since Sept 27, 1879 Retail $2 Home delivered from $1.25 THE INDEPENDENT VOICE OF MID CANTERBURY Harold’s helping hand P4 Tinwald resident Huntley Gray is worried that it is only a matter of time until a serious accident occurs on his door- step. PHOTO JAIME PITT-MACKAY 260819-JPM-0003 Milestone reached MAJOR CRASH P2 ‘It’s only a matter of time’ BY JAIME PITT-MACKAY Road, and holds genuine fears that one through, while traffic travelling along [email protected] day that serious crash will occur outside Tarbottons Road are controlled by give For Tinwald resident Huntley Gray it is his doorstep, or that a car will crash into way signs. not the question of if there will be a ma- the house itself. jor accident on his doorstep, but when. The intersection sits in a 70km/h zone Gray lives at the intersection of Nixon between Nixon Street and Hollands CONTINUED P2 Street, Tarbottons Road and Hollands Road which cars can travel straight Gluyas Motor Group Ph 03 307 7900 79 Kermode Street | (03) 307 5800 to subscribe! Kendall Sandrey Sales Consultant Mob 027 486 0016 Scott Donaldson Sales Manager NISSAN Mob 027 225 5530 DEMO CLEARANCE! ONLY AT GLUYAS NISSAN www.gluyasmotorgroup.co.nz News 2 Ashburton Guardian Thursday, August 29, 2019 www.guardianonline.co.nz Skatepark closer to reality Major crash: BY HEATHER MACKENZIE [email protected] It may have taken 12 years and some ‘It’s only a ups and downs along the way, but the Kidzmethven skatepark site is now of- ficially active. -
Flags and Banners
Flags and Banners A Wikipedia Compilation by Michael A. Linton Contents 1 Flag 1 1.1 History ................................................. 2 1.2 National flags ............................................. 4 1.2.1 Civil flags ........................................... 8 1.2.2 War flags ........................................... 8 1.2.3 International flags ....................................... 8 1.3 At sea ................................................. 8 1.4 Shapes and designs .......................................... 9 1.4.1 Vertical flags ......................................... 12 1.5 Religious flags ............................................. 13 1.6 Linguistic flags ............................................. 13 1.7 In sports ................................................ 16 1.8 Diplomatic flags ............................................ 18 1.9 In politics ............................................... 18 1.10 Vehicle flags .............................................. 18 1.11 Swimming flags ............................................ 19 1.12 Railway flags .............................................. 20 1.13 Flagpoles ............................................... 21 1.13.1 Record heights ........................................ 21 1.13.2 Design ............................................. 21 1.14 Hoisting the flag ............................................ 21 1.15 Flags and communication ....................................... 21 1.16 Flapping ................................................ 23 1.17 See also ...............................................