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IEEE 802.16M Technical Overview OVERVIEW OF IEEE P802.16m TECHNOLOGY AND CANDIDATE RIT FOR IMT-ADVANCED IEEE 802.16 IMT-Advanced Evaluation Group Coordination Meeting 13 January 2010 La Jolla, CA, USA 1 Outline . General Description and Features . IEEE 802.16m Physical Layer – Frame Structure – DL/UL Subchannelization and Permutation – HARQ Protocols and Timing – Downlink/Uplink MIMO Schemes – Modulation and Coding – Downlink Synchronization and Control Channels – Uplink Control Channels . IEEE 802.16m Medium Access Control – MAC Addressing – Network Entry – Connection Management – Quality of Service – MAC Management Messages – MAC Headers – ARQ and HARQ Functions – Mobility Management and Handover – Power Management – Security . Support of Legacy Systems . Advanced Features . References 2 General Description and Features 3 Advanced Features in IEEE 802.16m . IEEE 802.16m incorporates some advanced functions relative to the legacy system including: – New subframe-based frame structure that allows faster air-link transmissions/retransmissions, resulting in significantly shorter user-plane and control plane latencies. New subchannelization schemes and more efficient pilot structures in the downlink and uplink to reduce L1 overhead and to increase spectral efficiency. – New and improved control channel structures in the downlink and uplink to increase efficiency and reduce latency of resource allocation and transmission as well as system entry/re-entry. Multi-carrier operation using a single MAC instantiation to enable operation in contiguous/non-contiguous RF bands in excess of 20 MHz . Extended and improved MIMO modes in the downlink and uplink . Enhanced Multicast and Broadcast Services using new E-MBS control channels and subchannelization . Enhanced GPS-based and Non-GPS-based Location Based Services . Support of Femto Cells and Self-Organization and Optimization features . Increased VoIP capacity though use of new control structure, frame structure, faster HARQ retransmissions, persistent scheduling, group scheduling, and reduced MAC overhead. 4 Advanced Features in IEEE 802.16m . Improved and increased control channel and data channel coverage and link budget through use of transmit diversity schemes as well as more robust transmission formats and link adaptation. Support for multi-hop relay operation with unified access and relay links . Support for advanced interference mitigation techniques including Multi-BS MIMO, Fractional Frequency Reuse, Closed-loop and Open-loop power control schemes. Improved intra-RAT and inter-RAT handover schemes with shorter handoff interruption times . Improved sleep and idle mode operations . Improved QoS support 5 IEEE 802.16m Reference Model IEEE 802.16 Entity CS SAP Service Specific Convergence N Sublayer e t (CS) w o CS Management/Configuration r k MAC SAP C o n t M r o - S l A a P n - - - d - - MAC Common Part Sublayer - M - - - (MAC CPS) - a - - - n - C MAC Management/Configuration a - g S A e P m Security Sublayer Management Information Base e n (MIB) t S PHY SAP y s t Physical Layer e (PHY) m PHY Management/Configuration Data/Control Plane Management Plane 6 IEEE 802.16m Protocol Structure 7 Frame Structure 8 IEEE 802.16m OFDMA Numerology Nominal channel bandwidth (MHz) 5 7 8.75 10 20 Sampling factor 28/25 8/7 8/7 28/25 28/25 Sampling frequency (MHz) 5.6 8 10 11.2 22.4 FFT size 512 1024 1024 1024 2048 Sub-carrier spacing (kHz) 10.94 7.81 9.76 10.94 10.94 Useful symbol time Tu (µs) 91.429 128 102.4 91.429 91.429 Symbol time Ts (µs) 102.857 144 115.2 102.857 102.857 Number of OFDM symbols per 5ms frame 48 34 43 48 48 CP FDD Idle time (µs) 62.857 104 46.40 62.857 62.857 Tg=1/8 Tu Number of OFDM symbols per 5ms frame 47 33 42 47 47 TDD TTG + RTG (µs) 165.714 248 161.6 165.714 165.714 Symbol time Ts (µs) 97.143 136 108.8 97.143 97.143 Number of OFDM symbols per 5ms frame 51 36 45 51 51 FDD CP Idle time (µs) 45.71 104 104 45.71 45.71 T =1/16 T g u Number of OFDM symbols per 5ms frame 50 35 44 50 50 TDD TTG + RTG (µs) 142.853 240 212.8 142.853 142.853 Symbol Time Ts (µs) 114.286 160 128 114.286 114.286 Number of OFDM symbols per 5ms frame 43 31 39 43 43 CP FDD Idle time (µs) 85.694 40 8 85.694 85.694 Tg=1/4 Tu Number of OFDM symbols per 5ms frame 42 30 37 42 42 TDD TTG + RTG (µs) 199.98 200 264 199.98 199.98 IEEE 802.16m uses OFDMA in both uplink and downlink as the multiple access scheme IEEE 802.16m supports other bandwidths between 5MHz and 20MHz than listed by dropping edge tones from 10MHz or 20MHz 9 Basic Frame Structure (FDD/TDD) Superframe (20ms) comprises 4 radio frames Radio frame (5 ms) consists of 8,7,6, or 5 subframes (depending on frame configuration) DL/UL subframes contain 6,5,7,or 9 OFDM symbols 10 CP=1/8 Basic Frame Structure (DL/UL=5:3) TDD Frame : 5 ms DL DL DL DL DL UL UL UL SF0 (6) SF1 (6) SF2 (6) SF3 (6) SF4 (5) SF5 (6) SF6 (6) SF7 (6) TTG RTG 6 OFDM symbol = 0.617 ms 5 OFDM symbol = 0.514 ms 102.857 ㎲ 102.857 ㎲ S S S S S S S S S S S 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 Type-1 Subframe Type-3 Subframe Idle DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL SF0 (6) SF1 (6) SF2 (6) SF3 (6) SF4 (6) SF5 (6) SF6 (6) SF7 (6) FDD Frame : 5 ms Supported DL/UL ratio in unit of subframes: 3:5, 4:4, 5:3, 6:2, 8:0 11 CP=1/16 Frame Structure (DL/UL=5:3) TDD Frame : 5 ms DL DL DL DL DL UL UL UL SF0 (6) SF1 (7) SF2 (6) SF3 (6) SF4 (6) SF5 (6) SF6 (6) SF7 (7) TTG RTG 6 OFDM symbol = 0.583 ms 7 OFDM symbol = 0.680 ms 97.143 ㎲ 97.143 ㎲ S S S S S S S S S S S S S 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Type-1 Subframe Type-2 Subframe Idle DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL DL/UL SF0 (6) SF1 (7) SF2 (6) SF3 (6) SF4 (7) SF5 (6) SF6 (6) SF7 (7) FDD Frame : 5 ms 12 DL/UL Subchannelization and Permutation 13 DL/UL Subchannelization and Permutation Physical Resource Unit (PRU) is the basic physical unit for resource allocation that comprises Psc consecutive subcarriers by Nsym consecutive OFDMA symbols. Psc is 18 subcarriers and Nsym is 6, 7, and 5 OFDMA symbols. Logical Resource Unit (LRU) is the basic logical unit for localized and distributed resource allocations. Distributed Resource Unit (DRU) achieves frequency diversity gain by grouping of subcarriers which are spread across the distributed resources within a frequency partition. Localized Resource Unit or Contiguous Resource Unit (CRU) achieves frequency- selective scheduling gain by grouping subcarriers which are contiguous across the localized resource allocations within a frequency partition. 14 DL/UL Subchannelization and Permutation . Concurrent distributed and localized transmissions in the subframe – UL/DL DRU: tiles/tone-pair permutation ( similar to UL/DL PUSC in the legacy standard) – Sub-band CRU: localized resource with band selection (similar to band AMC in the legacy standard) – Mini-band CRU: diversity resource with dedicated pilots . Concurrent frequency reuse-1 and FFR – Up to 4 frequency partitions: one reuse-1 and three reuse-3 – Low power transmission is allowed on other segments’ reuse-3 frequency partitions . UL is similar to DL structure except – UL DRU use tile similar to PUSC tile (instead of subcarrier) – Legacy support with IEEE 802.16m PUSC mode (4x6 tile) 15 DL/UL Subchannelization and Permutation 16 Sub-band Mini-band Frequency CRU/DRU Subcarrier permutation Partitioning Permutation Partitioning Allocation CRU(FP0) 0 1 2 3 FP0 20 0 21 1 SB SB 2 PRU 0 0 DRU(FP0) 1 1 3 12 0 12 1 2 2 20 28 2 3 3 36 8 8 28 44 3 36 4 9 9 44 13 5 10 10 29 11 11 13 6 21 7 16 16 29 CRU(FP1) 8 17 17 8 9 18 18 9 10 19 19 FP1 24 24 8 10 11 11 12 25 25 9 16 13 26 26 10 17 48 Physical Resource Units Resource Physical 48 27 27 11 Units Resource Logical 48 14 18 15 32 32 16 19 16 33 33 17 17 34 34 18 18 35 35 19 DRU(FP1) 19 40 40 37 37 20 41 41 45 45 21 42 42 14 14 22 43 43 22 22 23 4 4 24 5 5 6 6 FP2 CRU(FP2) 25 24 24 26 7 7 25 25 27 26 26 28 MB PMB 27 27 29 12 12 32 32 30 13 20 33 33 31 14 28 34 34 32 15 36 35 35 33 20 44 30 34 21 13 38 35 DRU(FP2) 22 21 46 30 36 23 29 15 37 28 37 38 38 46 29 45 FP3 15 39 30 14 40 31 22 40 41 41 36 30 42 CRU(FP3) 42 37 38 40 43 38 46 43 41 44 4 39 15 5 42 45 44 23 43 46 45 31 6 4 47 46 39 7 5 47 47 23 6 31 39 7 47 DRU(FP3) 23 31 39 47 Multi-cell steps 17 DL/UL Pilot Patterns .
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