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9 *Ukdzfe#..,-My* Lit Lit HELLENIKA Jahrbuch Für Griechische Kultur Und Deutsch-Griechische Beziehungen Das Jubiläumsheft enthält wieder eine bunte Mischung von Bei- trägen zu Geschichte, Kultur und Gesellschaft Griechenlands aus der Feder namhafter Griechenland-Kenner, u.a. zu Karl d. Gro- ßen aus griechischer Sicht, zum 200. Geburtstag Ottos, des ers- ten Königs von Griechenland, zur aktuellen Lage der Jugend in Griechenland und zur Krise in dem Land. Buchbesprechungen und ein Register aller Beiträge in den ersten 9 Bänden der Neuen Folge der HELLENIKA ergänzen das Spektrum. HELLENIKA Jahrbuch für griechische Kultur und deutsch-griechische Beziehungen Neue Folge 10 978-3-643-99807-1 Münster 2015 Vereinigung der deutsch-griechischen Gesellschaften (Hg.) HELLENIKA N.F. 10 Lit 9 *ukdzfe#..,-my* www.lit-verlag.ch LIT Lit HELLENIKA Jahrbuch für griechische Kultur und deutsch-griechische Beziehungen Neue Folge 10 Herausgeber Vereinigung der deutsch-griechischen Gesellschaften Redaktion: Cay Lienau unter Mitarbeit von Anastasios Katsanakis Elmar Winters-Ohle LIT Zusendung von Manuskripten und von Büchern zur Besprechung an Prof. Dr. Cay Lienau, Zumsandestr. 36, 48145 Müster, Fax 0 251 – 1 36 72 94, e-Mail: [email protected]. Bei unverlangt eingesandten Manuskripten behält sich die Redaktion eine Veröffentlichung vor; gleiches gilt für die Besprechung nicht angeforderter Bücher. Redaktionsschluss der nächsten Ausgabe: 15. 7. 2016 Redaktion: Cay Lienau, Zumsandestraße 36, 48145 Müster Fax: 0 251 – 1 36 72 94, e-Mail: [email protected] Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. ISBN 978-3-643-99807-1 ISSN 0018-0084 © LIT VERLAG Dr. W. Hopf Berlin 2015 Verlagskontakt: Fresnostr. 2 D-48159 Münster Tel. +49 (0) 2 51-62 03 20 Fax +49 (0) 2 51-23 19 72 E-Mail: [email protected] http://www.lit-verlag.de Auslieferung: Deutschland: LIT Verlag Fresnostr. 2, D-48159 Münster Tel. +49 (0) 2 51-620 32 22, Fax +49 (0) 2 51-922 60 99, E-Mail: [email protected] Österreich: Medienlogistik Pichler-ÖBZ, E-Mail: [email protected] E-Books sind erhältlich unter www.litwebshop.de 1 Vorwort In der in diesem Jahr zum zehnten Mal erscheinenden Neuen Folge der HELLENIKA findet der Leser wieder das angestrebte breite Spektrum von Themen zu Griechenland, so dass jeder an Griechen- land Interessierte für sich etwas Lesenswertes in dem Jahrbuch finden sollte: Aktuelles und Historisches, Geographie, Geschichte, Kultur und viele Rezensionen zu Büchern, die Griechenland betreffen. Alle Beiträge stammen aus der Feder ausgewiesener Griechenland-Kenner. Wie jedes Mal, so ist auch diesmal wieder allen Autoren zu danken, die uns ihre Beiträge, ohne ein Honorar dafür zu erhalten, zur Verfü- gung stellten. Ganz besonderer Dank geht an Prof. Dr. Jan Murken, Ottobrunn, der die Mehrkosten für die Farbabbildungen in seinem Beitrag zum 200. Geburtstag von König Otto übernahm. Danken möchte ich auch Horst-Dieter und Barbara Blume für die kritische Durchsicht der Manuskripte. Viele Menschen spendeten wieder – z. T. sehr großzügig – auf das Konto der VDGG für Projekte in Griechenland. Ihnen gilt unser be- sonderer Dank. Wir hoffen, mit diesem philhellenischen Jahrbuch neue Leser und Freunde für Griechenland zu gewinnen. Cay Lienau 2 Inhalt Athene noctua. Zum zehnjährigen Bestehen der Neuen Folge der HELLENIKA. Cay LIENAU 5 Karl der Große und Europa aus byzantini(sti)scher Sicht. Evangelos CHRYSOS 12 Die Lage der Jugend in Griechenland infolge der Austeritätspolitik. Paraskevi GREKOPOULOU 27 Griechen (der Diaspora) auf dem Weg zur deutschen Sprache. Hans EIDENEIER 42 Zum 200. Jahrestag der Geburt von Otto König von Griechenland am 1. Juni 2015. Jan MURKEN 54 Das Tagebuch der Ioanna Tsatsou (1902 – 2000). Gerhard EMRICH 76 Das Land der Griechen mit den Liedern suchen. Nana Mouskouri wird achtzig. Dieter BARTETZKO 84 Der Geldbote von Amorgos. Michalis PANTELOURIS 87 Griechische Tragödien - Alles vergessen? Ein Gespräch mit Christoph U. Schminck-Gustavus. Horst MÖLLER 101 Phineus und die Austreibung der Harpyien. Horst MÖLLER 110 Jannis Ritsos. Die Utopie der Liebe. Engagement und Empfindsamkeit. Pantelis NIKITOPOULOS 117 „Das neue Griechenland im alten“. Auszug aus Karl Krumbachers „Griechische Reise“, kommentiert von Anastasios KATSANAKIS 124 Panegiri der Gastfreundschaft. Burkhard MEYER 130 Erzählungen aus dem heutigen Griechenland. Christos Ikonomou: „Warte nur, es passiert schon was –“. Niki EIDENEIER 133 Kleines Requiem auf Menis Koumandareas. Niki EIDENEIER 138 Helmut SCHMIDT Ehrendoktor der Universität Athen 141 Verleihung des Ehrenringes der Vereinigung der Deutsch-Griechischen Gesellschaften an Georg ALBRECHT. Uwe BECKER 145 Dankesworte von Georg ALBRECHT 148 50 Jahre Deutsch-Griechischer Verein Mülheim und Jahresversammlung der VDGG in Mülheim 2015. Cay LIENAU 149 3 Sigrid SKARPELIS-SPERK, Präsidentin der VDGG, zum 70. Geburtstag. Günter LEUSSLER 151 BUCHBESPRECHUNGEN 153 FERMOR, Patrick Leigh: Die Entführung des Generals (Uwe Möller) 153 SCHLOBIES, Martin: Griechische Sommertage (Kunigunde Büse) 155 STROHMEYER, Arn: „Die Sonne tönt nach alter Weise….“ Goethe, die Lehre des Pythagoras und die moderne Naturwissenschaft 156 DECKER, Wolfgang: Antike Spitzensportler. Athletenbiographien aus dem Alten Orient, Ägypten und Griechenland (Horst-Dieter Blume) 158 Petros MARKARIS: Faule Kredite, 2011; Zahltag, 2012; Abrechnung, 2013; Zurück auf Start, 2014. Finstere Zeiten. Zur Krise in Griechenland 2012 (Horst-Dieter Blume) 159 LÖBER, Dr. Hanns Georg, BELIVANAKIS, Gregory (Hgg.): Der Arzt Hans Löber. Briefe aus Milos, 1943 – 1944 (Barbara Blume) 161 ELYTIS, Odysseas: O Ilios O Iliatoras – Die Sonne die Sonnen- herrscherin. Griechisch-Deutsch, übersetzt und mit einem Anhang verse- hen von Günter Dietz und Maria Mavropoulou (Gerhard Emrich) 162 SCHROEDER, Michael: Ich aber liege allein. Die Lieder der Sappho von Lesbos (Jutta Jacobmeyer) 164 BLUME, Horst-Dieter und LIENAU, Cay (Hgg): Konstantinos Kavafis und griechische Traditionen in Alexandria (Gerasimos Katsaros) 166 STREERUWITZ, Marlene als Nelia Fehn: Die Reise einer jungen Anarchistin in Griechenland (Barbara Blume) 167 HANDWÖRTERBUCH der Neugriechischen Sprache, erstellt von einem Team unter der verantwortlichen Leitung von Christophoros CHARALAMBAKIS (Hans Eideneier) 168 VAROUFAKIS, Yanis: Der Globale Minotaurus. Amerika und die Zukunft der Weltwirtschaft (Marc Lienau) 169 INHALTS-ANGABE HELLENIKA N. F. 1, 2006 – HELLENIKA N. F. 9, 2014. BUCHREZENSIONEN (ab S.177) 172 AUTOREN Hellenika N. F. 10, 2015 184 MITGLIEDERVERZEICHNIS der Vereinigung der Deutsch-Griechischen Gesellschaften 186 4 (Quelle. www. Mikis Theodorakis. Bilder) Herausgeber und Redaktion der HELLENIKA gratulieren MIKIS THEODORAKIS zum 90. Geburtstag. 5 Athene noctua* Zum zehnjährigen Bestehen der Neuen Folge der HELLENIKA Cay Lienau, Münster Eulen sind faszinierende Vögel. Sie haben immer eine besondere Anziehungskraft auf den Menschen ausgeübt. Ihre großen Augen, ihr Blick und der breite Kopf, den sie um 270 Grad drehen können, ihre lautlose Jagd meist in der Dämmerung und in der Nacht und ihre für viele schaurig klingenden Rufe haben die Phantasie der Menschen beflügelt und Eulen mit Mythen und Aberglauben verbunden.1 Sie gelten als weise und umsichtig, aber auch als böse und Künder von Tod und Verderben. Das Logo der Neuen Folge der HELLENIKA (Abb.1) bezieht sich auf die zuerst genannten Eigenschaften. Der Steinkauz ist das Attribut der Athene, woher diese Eule ihren wissen- schaftlichen Artnamen Athene noctua2 bezieht. Dass es sich dabei um einen Steinkauz handelt, zeigen die vielen Abbildungen aus der Antike. Er wird so zum Sinnbild der Athene zugeschriebenen Eigenschaften. Das zehnjährige Bestehen der Neuen Folge der HEL- LENIKA ist Anlass, über diese Eule und die mit ihr verbundene Symbolik zu schreiben und zugleich über Abb.1: Logo Ziele und Anspruch dieses Jahrbuches der Vereini- HELLENIKA gung der Deutsch-Griechischen Gesellschaften zu re- (H.Heitmann) flektieren. Als Tochter des Göttervaters Zeus, die mutterlos seinem Haupt ent- sprang, verkörpert Athene den „Typus der männergleichen, mit physi- scher Kraft und geistiger Energie begabten kämpferischen Jungfrau“3. 1 Desmond Morris: Eulen. Naturkunden No. 13, 2. Aufl. Berlin 2014 2 Den Artnamen gab ihr der Arzt und Naturforscher Johann Anton Scopoli (1723 – 1788). Der Steinkauz heißt im Altgriechischenim Neugriechi- schenlautmalerisch In der neugriechischen Wendung des alten Sprichworts heißt es dann allerdings Aristoteles unterscheidet in seiner historia animalium (7,592) 6 weitere Eulenarten (Der Kleine Pauly, Lexikon der Antike auf der Grundlage von Pauly’s Realencyclopädie 2, 1967, s. v. Eulen) 3 Ebda 1, 1964, S. 682 s.v. Athena *HELLENIKA – Jahrbuch für griechische Kultur und deutsch-griechische Beziehun- gen N.F.10, Münster 2015 6 Ihr Epitheton (= eulenäugig) zielt auf den wachen Blick dieser Eule, die nicht nur nachts, sondern auch am Tage zu sehen ver- mag. Das passt zu den Ei- genschaften Athenes als Stadtgöttin und Beschützerin Athens und anderer antiker Poleis. „Kühle und Klarheit des Verstandes, Rat und praktische Hilfe sind Eigen- schaften, die nicht erst bei der Begleiterin des Odys- seus, sondern schon bei der kraftvollen Kämpferin der Ilias aufbrechen“4. Der Steinkauz erscheint auf vielen Münzen und Vasen- bildern in der Antike, v.a. im Abb. 2: Athene mit Eule auf dem Schild. Zusammenhang mit Athene, aber auch in anderen Zu- sammenhängen. Sie war ein Identität stiftendes
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