DOCSLIB.ORG

The Benthic Macrofauna of Pool Habitats in Temperate Coastal

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Benthic Macrofauna of Pool Habitats in Temperate Coastal University of Wollongong Research Online University of Wollongong Thesis Collection University of Wollongong Thesis Collections 2003 The benthic macrofauna of pool habitats in temperate coastal streams of the Illawarra, New South Wales: community ecology and response to natural and human induced disturbance Glenn James Johnstone University of Wollongong Recommended Citation Johnstone, Glenn James, The benthic macrofauna of pool habitats in temperate coastal streams of the Illawarra, New South Wales: community ecology and response to natural and human induced disturbance, Doctor of Philosophy thesis, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, 2003. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/1058 Research Online is the open access institutional repository for the University of Wollongong. For further information contact the UOW Library: [email protected] The benthic macrofauna of pool habitats in temperate coastal streams of the Illawarra, New South Wales: Community ecology and response to natural and human induced disturbance A thesis submitted in (partial) fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY from UNIVERSITY OF WOLLONGONG By Glenn James Johnstone, Bachelor of Environmental Science (Hons) DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2003 CERTIFICATION I, Glenn James Johnstone, declare that this thesis, submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of Doctor of Philosophy, in the Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, is wholly my own work unless otherwise referenced or acknowledged. The document has not been submitted for qualifications at any other academic institution. Glenn James Johnstone 4tn August 2003 DEDICATION I dedicate this thesis to my mother and friend, Barbara Brien. Thank you for a lifetime of love, support, and friendship. Marshall Mount Creek, Illawarra, New South Wales Table of Contents Table of Contents Page Table of Contents I List of Figures VI List of Tables IX List of Plates XII Abstract XIII Acknowledgments XVI Chapter 1 - General Introduction 1 1.1: Common features of stream macrofaunal assemblages 2 1.2: Spatial and temporal variability in the composition of macrofaunal assemblages 3 1.3: Factors influencing the distribution and structure of benthic macrofaunal assemblages 4 1.3.1: Water flow and the structure of benthic macrofauna assemblages 6 1.3.2: Flooding and the structure of macrofaunal assemblages 8 1.3.3: The affect of drying on benthic macrofauna 9 1.3.4: Urbanisation and human impacts on freshwater ecosystems.... 11 1.3.5: Substratum heterogeneity, benthic macrofaunal distribution, and disturbance 13 1.4: Accessing human impacts on the macrofauna of streams 14 1.5: Spatial independence in running waters: Unique issues for liner systems 15 1.6: Beyond-BACI impact assessment 16 1.7: Describing ecological assemblages: Univariate verses multivariate techniques 19 1.8: The West Dapto Monitoring Program 21 1.9: Aims and objectives 23 I Table of Contents Chapter 2 - Regional setting, sampling design and methodology, and general characteristics of the fauna 28 2.1: Introduction 29 2.2: Regional Setting 30 2.2.1: Substratum variation and channel size 32 2.2.2: Climate, rainfall, and stream discharge 35 2.2.3: Drying events and definition as intermittent streams 38 2.2.4: Past and present landuse 40 2.2.5: Non-invertebrate fauna of the Ulawarra's streams 41 2.2.6: Freshwater invertebrate fauna of the Ulawarra's streams 42 2.3: Sampling Design and Methodology 43 2.3.1: Sampling design 43 2.3.2: Field Procedure 45 2.3.3: Sorting and Identification 47 2.4: General characteristics and distribution of the fauna 50 2.4.1: General description of the fauna 52 2.4.2: Global biogeographical distribution of collected families 59 2.4.3: Distribution within Australia 62 2.4.4: Distribution in New South Wales 64 2.4.5: Taxa collected in low numbers 63 2.4.6: Relatively abundant taxa 66 Chapter 3 - Spatial variability in the benthic macrofaunal assemblages in three coastal streams of the Illawarra 75 3.1: Introduction 76 3.2: Methods 78 3.2.1: Level of taxonomic resolution used in Chapters 3,4, and 6 78 3.2.2: Separation of analyses for control and putatively impacted streams in Chapter 3, 4, and 6 81 3.2.3: Tests for spatial variability in Chapter 3 82 3.2.4: Core and rare taxa in Chapter 3 84 3.2.5: Tests among substrate groups in the control streams in Chapter 3 84 II Table of Contents 3.2.6: Partitioning of variability among the control streams in Chapter 3 86 3.3: Results 87 3.3.1: The macrofaunal assemblages of Duck Creek 87 3.3.2: The macrofaunal assemblages of Mullet Creek 88 3.3.3: The macrofaunal assemblages of Marshall Mount Creek..... ...93 3.3.4: Among site differences for each sampling occasion 96 3.3.5: Core and rare taxa in the control streams 96 3.3.6: Within and among creek similarity in the composition of macrofaunal assemblages 98 3.3.7: Differences among streams 98 3.3.8: Substrate Comparisons 101 3.4: Discussion 102 Chapter 4 — Temporal variability in the benthic macrofaunal assemblages of three temperate coastal streams in the Illawarra 108 4.1: Introduction 109 4.2: Methods 112 4.2.1: Long-term changes in assemblage composition 112 4.2.2: Seasonal variability in assemblage composition 113 4.2.3: The effect of flow cessation and drying on assemblage composition. 114 4.2.5: The effect of flood events on assemblage composition 115 4.3: Results 116 4.3.1: Overview 116 4.3.2: The effect of flow cessation and drying on assemblage composition 117 4.3.3: The effect of flood events on assemblage composition 129 4.3.4: Long-term changes in assemblage composition 132 4.3.5: Among season variability in assemblage composition 134 4.3.6: Tests among reallocated temporal periods for Marshall Mount Creek 136 4.4: Discussion 139 III Table of Contents AAA: Overview 139 4.4.2: The lack of distinct seasonal variability 139 4.4.3: The influence of flow 142 4.4.4: The affect of drying 145 4.4.5: Independence, Type I errors, and the limitations of multivariate analysis of complex designs 150 Chapter 5 - Do rare taxa alter the interpretation of multivariate hypothesis tests of community structure? 152 5.1: Introduction 153 5.2: Methods 157 5.3: Results 158 5.3.1: Tests for Spatial and Temporal differences - rare taxa included 158 5.3.2: Elimination of Rare Taxa 160 5.4: Discussion 162 Chapter 6 - Impact Assessment - Univariate and multivariate approaches 167 6.1: Introduction 168 6.2: Methods I72 6.2.1: Description of the macrofaunal assemblages of Robin's and Reid Park Creeks I72 6.2.2: Univariate impact assessment 173 6.2.3: Multivariate impact assessment 176 6.3: Results I78 6.3.1: Composition and structure of the macrofaunal assemblages of Robin's and Reid Park Creeks 178 6.3.2: Temporal variability in the composition of the macrofaunal assemblages of Robin's and Reid Park Creeks 182 6.3.3: Univariate impact assessment - REML analysis 195 6.3.4: Multivariate impact assessment 199 6.4: Discussion 204 6.4.1: Overview 204 6.4.2: Univariate impact assessment 204 IV Table of Contents 6.4.3: Multivariate impact assessment 205 6.4.4: Assessing impacts using the proposed multivariate methodology 207 Chapter 7- General Discussion 212 7.1: Overview 213 7.2: Scale and the factors influencing the stream macrofauna of the Illawarra 215 7.3: The affect of drying 217 7.4: Impact Assessment 219 7.5: Conservation Implications 221 References 225 Appendix A 255 Appendix B 258 Appendix C 260 Appendix D 262 Appendix E 265 V List of Figures List of Figures Page Chapter 2 Figure 2.1: Location of study area in Australia and study streams in the Illawarra. ..31 Figure 2.2: Generalised profile, plan view, and general information regarding the coastal streams of the Illawarra, New South Wales, and their surrounds 33 Figure 2.3: Mean monthly rainfall for a) Albion Park and, b) Dapto, Illawarra, New South Wales 36 Figure 2.4: Total monthly rainfall recorded at Albion Park between March 1997 and February 1999 39 Figure 2.5: Hierarchical design used to sample benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages from five streams in the Illawarra, New South Wales 44 Figure 2.6: Broad geographic zones used to describe generalised distributional patterns of macroinvertebrates families in New South Wales 52 Figure 2.7: The mean number of macroinvertebrate a) individuals and b) taxa collected from five temperate coastal streams of the Illawarra, New South Wales, between 1997 and 1999 58 Figure 2.8: Frequency histogram of the number of taxa collected from five temperate coastal streams of the Illawarra, New South Wales, between 1997 and 1999 64 Chapter 3 Figure 3.1: Mean number of a) rare and, b) core taxa collected per sampling event from sites on Mullet, Duck and Marshall Mount Creeks between February 1997 and February 1999 97 VI List of Figures Chapter 4 Figure 4.1: The total number of each of 19 core taxa collected from three sites on Mullet Creek, Duck Creek, and Marshall Mount Creek between 1997 and 1999.. ..118 Figure 4.2: The total number of individual a) Chironominae, b) Triplectides, c) Tasmanocoenis, d) Atalophlebia, e) Centroptilium, f) Jappa, g) Ceratopogonidae, h) Orthocladinae, i) Tanypodinae, j) Hellythira, k) Ecnomus, /) Micronecta, m) Berosus adults, n) Berosus larvae, o) Paratya, p) Necterosoma adults, q) Necterosoma larvae, collected from Mullet Creek, Duck Creek, and Marshall Mount Creek in the Illawarra region of New South Wales 122 Figure 4.3: non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling plots of benthic macrofauna samples collected a) pre-drying and b) post-drying
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Revised, ANNOTATED Checklist of Victorian Dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata)
    A REVISED, ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF Victorian DRAGONFLIES (Insecta: Odonata) I.D. ENDERS by 56 Looker Road, Montmorency, Victoria 3094, Australia E-mail: [email protected] ENDERS by , I.D. 2010. A revised, annotated checklist of the Victorian dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata). Proceedings of the Royal Society of Victoria. 122(1): 9-27. ISSN 0035-9211. Seventy-six species of Odonata are known from Victoria (26 Zygoptera; 50 Anisoptera). In the last ten years one new species Austroaeschna ingrid Theischinger, 2008 has been described from the State; Austroepigomphus praeruptus (Selys, 1857) and Pseudagrion microcephalum (Rambur, 1842) have now been recorded; and records of Rhadinosticta banksi (Tillyard, 1913) and Labidiosticta vallisi (Fraser, 1955) are judged to be erroneous. Generic names of Aeshna, and Trapezostigma have been changed. Some changes in higher level names and relationships, based on recent phylogenetic analyses, have been incorporated. Distribution maps for all species, based on museum collections, are provided. Key Words: Odonata, Zygoptera, Anisoptera, Victoria, Australia, checklist, Hemiphlebia IN the ten years since an annotated checklist of the molecular study seeks greater taxon and genome Victorian Odonata was published (Endersby 2000), sampling and, as this occurs, slow convergence be- a new species has been described from Victoria, tween the alternatives is appearing. In the meantime additional species have been recorded in the State, some framework is needed on which to list the Vic- substantial museum collection label data have be- torian fauna today. Theischinger & Endersby (2009) come available, and numerous phylogenetic stud- have tried to steer a middle course, avoiding the ex- ies have been published. Theischinger & Endersby tremes but acknowledging that change is occurring; (2009) have incorporated many of these changes into it will still annoy some but must be seen as a work in an identification guide for the adults and larvae of progress.
    [Show full text]
  • Etymology of the Dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata) Named by R.J. Tillyard, F.R.S
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by The University of Sydney: Sydney eScholarship Journals online Etymology of the Dragonfl ies (Insecta: Odonata) named by R.J. Tillyard, F.R.S. IAN D. ENDERSBY 56 Looker Road, Montmorency, Vic 3094 ([email protected]) Published on 23 April 2012 at http://escholarship.library.usyd.edu.au/journals/index.php/LIN Endersby, I.D. (2012). Etymology of the dragonfl ies (Insecta: Odonata) named by R.J. Tillyard, F.R.S. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 134, 1-16. R.J. Tillyard described 26 genera and 130 specifi c or subspecifi c taxa of dragonfl ies from the Australasian region. The etymology of the scientifi c name of each of these is given or deduced. Manuscript received 11 December 2011, accepted for publication 16 April 2012. KEYWORDS: Australasia, Dragonfl ies, Etymology, Odonata, Tillyard. INTRODUCTION moved to another genus while 16 (12%) have fallen into junior synonymy. Twelve (9%) of his subspecies Given a few taxonomic and distributional have been raised to full species status and two species uncertainties, the odonate fauna of Australia comprises have been relegated to subspecifi c status. Of the 325 species in 113 genera (Theischinger and Endersby eleven subspecies, or varieties or races as Tillyard 2009). The discovery and naming of these dragonfl ies sometimes called them, not accounted for above, fi ve falls roughly into three discrete time periods (Table 1). are still recognised, albeit four in different genera, During the fi rst of these, all Australian Odonata were two are no longer considered as distinct subspecies, referred to European experts, while the second era and four have disappeared from the modern literature.
    [Show full text]
  • Identification Guide to the Australian Odonata Australian the to Guide Identification
    Identification Guide to theAustralian Odonata www.environment.nsw.gov.au Identification Guide to the Australian Odonata Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW Identification Guide to the Australian Odonata Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication data Theischinger, G. (Gunther), 1940– Identification Guide to the Australian Odonata 1. Odonata – Australia. 2. Odonata – Australia – Identification. I. Endersby I. (Ian), 1941- . II. Department of Environment and Climate Change NSW © 2009 Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW Front cover: Petalura gigantea, male (photo R. Tuft) Prepared by: Gunther Theischinger, Waters and Catchments Science, Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW and Ian Endersby, 56 Looker Road, Montmorency, Victoria 3094 Published by: Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW 59–61 Goulburn Street Sydney PO Box A290 Sydney South 1232 Phone: (02) 9995 5000 (switchboard) Phone: 131555 (information & publication requests) Fax: (02) 9995 5999 Email: [email protected] Website: www.environment.nsw.gov.au The Department of Environment, Climate Change and Water NSW is pleased to allow this material to be reproduced in whole or in part, provided the meaning is unchanged and its source, publisher and authorship are acknowledged. ISBN 978 1 74232 475 3 DECCW 2009/730 December 2009 Printed using environmentally sustainable paper. Contents About this guide iv 1 Introduction 1 2 Systematics
    [Show full text]
  • Focusing on the Landscape a Report for Caring for Our Country
    Focusing on the Landscape Biodiversity in Australia’s National Reserve System Part A: Fauna A Report for Caring for Our Country Prepared by Industry and Investment, New South Wales Forest Science Centre, Forest & Rangeland Ecosystems. PO Box 100, Beecroft NSW 2119 Australia. 1 Table of Contents Figures.......................................................................................................................................2 Tables........................................................................................................................................2 Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................5 Introduction...............................................................................................................................8 Methods.....................................................................................................................................9 Results and Discussion ...........................................................................................................14 References.............................................................................................................................194 Appendix 1 Vertebrate summary .........................................................................................196 Appendix 2 Invertebrate summary.......................................................................................197 Figures Figure 1. Location of protected areas
    [Show full text]
  • Australian Dragonfly (Odonata) Larvae: Descriptive History and Identification
    Memoirs of Museum Victoria 72: 73–120 (2014) Published XX-XX-2014 ISSN 1447-2546 (Print) 1447-2554 (On-line) http://museumvictoria.com.au/about/books-and-journals/journals/memoirs-of-museum-victoria/ Australian Dragonfly (Odonata) Larvae: Descriptive history and identification G. THEISCHINGER1 AND I. ENDERSBY2 1 NSW Department of Planning and Environment, Office of Environment and Heritage, PO Box 29, Lidcombe NSW 1825 Australia; [email protected] 2 56 Looker Road, Montmorency, Vic. 3094 Abstract Theischinger, G. and Endersby, I. 2014. Australian Dragonfly (Odonata) Larvae: Descriptive history and identification. Memoirs of the Museum of Victoria XX: 73-120. To improve the reliability of identification for Australian larval Odonata, morphological and geographic information is summarised for all species. All known references that contain information on characters useful for identification of larvae are presented in an annotated checklist. For polytypic genera information is provided to clarify whether each species can already, or cannot yet, be distinguished on morphological characters, and whether and under which conditions geographic locality is sufficient to make a diagnosis. For each species the year of original description and of first description of the larva, level of confidence in current identifications, and supportive information, are included in tabular form. Habitus illustrations of generally final instar larvae or exuviae for more than 70% of the Australian dragonfly genera are presented. Keywords Odonata, Australia, larvae, descriptive history, identification Introduction literature on dragonfly larvae ranges from brief descriptions or line drawings of single structures in single species to The size, colour, tremendous flight abilities and unusual comprehensive revisions (including colour photos and keys) of reproductive behaviours of dragonflies make them one of the large taxonomic groups.
    [Show full text]
  • Remarks on the Taxonomy of Megapodagrionidae with Emphasis on the Larval Gills (Odonata)
    Received 01 August 2009; revised and accepted 16 February 2010 Remarks on the taxonomy of Megapodagrionidae with emphasis on the larval gills (Odonata) 1 2 3 4 Vincent J. Kalkman , Chee Yen Choong , Albert G. Orr & Kai Schutte 1 National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. <[email protected]> 2 Centre for Insect Systematics, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia. <[email protected]> 3 CRC, Tropical Ecosystem Management, AES, Griffith University, Nathan, Q4111, Australia. <[email protected]> 4 Biozentrum Grinde! und Zoologisches Museum, Martin-Luther-King-Piatz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany. <[email protected]> Key words: Odonata, dragonfly, Zygoptera, Megapodagrionidae, Pseudolestidae, taxonomy, larva. ABSTRACT A list of genera presently included in Megapodagrionidae and Pseudolestidae is pro­ vided, together with information on species for which the larva has been described. Based on the shape of the gills, the genera for which the larva is known can be ar­ ranged into four groups: (1) species with inflated sack-like gills with a terminal fila­ ment; (2) species with flat vertical gills; (3) species in which the outer gills in life form a tube folded around the median gill; (4) species with flat horizontal gills. The possible monophyly of these groups is discussed. It is noted that horizontal gills are not found in any other family of Zygoptera. Within the Megapodagrionidae the genera with horizontal gills are, with the exception of Dimeragrion, the only ones lacking setae on the shaft of the genital ligula. On the basis of these two characters it is suggested that this group is monophyletic.
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Gulf, Queensland
    Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations.
    [Show full text]
  • 3. John Kaize & Vincent Kalkman. Records of Dragonflies From
    40 Suara Serangga Papua, 2009,4(2)Oktober - Desember 2009 Records of dragonflies from kabupaten Merauke, Papua, Indonesia collected in 2007 and 2008 (Odonata) John Kaize1 & Vincent Kalkman2 'd/a Kelompok Entomologi Papua, Kotakpos 1078, Jayapura 99010, INDONESIA Email: jexluzëeyahoo.com 2Nationaal Natuurhistorisch Museum - Naturalis, Postbus 9517, NL-2300 RA Leiden, THE NETHERLANDS Email: [email protected] Suara Serangga Papua 4 (2): 40 - 45 Abstract: Odonata we re colleered in the period 9 July to 4 August 2007 and 4 to 16 June 2008 in the surroundings of Merauke, Papua province, Indonesia. In total 37 species were recorded during the fieldwork bringing the number of species known for the area to 42. It is estimated, that this is about half of the species present in the area. Of the 42 species recorded from the Merauke area 38 belong to the families ofCoenagrionidae and Libellulidae. None of the genera endemie to New Guinea were recorded during the fieldwork and only one (Hemicordulia silvarum Ris, 1913) of the recorded species is endemie to New Guinea. The results seem to suggest that -compared to the central mountain range or the area in the north of New Guinea- the southern parts of New Guinea have an impoverished fauna. Further fieldwork in the area should be held in different seasons and should try to sample along running waters. Ikhtisar: Odonata dikoleksi dari 9 Juli sampai dengan 4 Agustus 2007 dan dari 4 sampai dengan 16 Juni 2008 di sekitar Merauke, Provinsi Papua, Indonesia. Jumlah spesies yang ditangkap selama dua perjalanan ke lapangan sebanyak 37 spesies, meningkatkan jumlah spesies yang diketahui dari daerah itu menjadi 42 spesies, yang diperkirakan merupakan setengah dari jumlah spesies yang hadir di situ.
    [Show full text]
  • Vizslan, T., L. Vizslan, B
    OdonatologicalAbstracts issue - 1993 of 23 Apr., p. 6. (Dutch). (Author’s address unknown). (13030) LUTZ, H., 1993. The Middle-Eocene A slightly modified text of the paper listed in OA in Netherlands “Fossillagerstatte Eckfelder Maar” (Eifel, Germany). 9922, published a national daily. Germ. Kaupia 2; 21-25. (With s.). - (Naturhist. Mus. Mainz, Reichklarastr, 10, D-55116 Mainz). 1995 The “Eckfelder Maar” nr Manderscheid, Eifel, is one of the most important fossillagerstattes of the (13034) VIZSLAN, T., L. VIZSLAN, B. PINGIT- Middle ZER & K, 1995, Adatok European Eocene. So far ca 20.000 fossils KATRICS, Magyarorszag were collected from bituminous laminites and turbi- szitakoto-faunajahoz (Odonata), 1 - Data to the dites, but the odon. are scarce. A general outline of Odonata fauna of Hungary, 1. Folia hist. nal. Mus. the inventory is here presented. matraensis 20: 85-89. (Hung., with Engl. s.). - (First Author: Madarasz ut. 12, HU-3525 Miskolc). The 1994 records for 1994 36 spp., from various localities in Hungary. - For pts 2 & 3 see OA 13044, 13155. (13031) GEENE, R., 1994. Notes on dragonflies in Egypt, spring 1990, In: P.L. Meininger & G.A.M. 1996 Atta, [Eds], Ornithological studies in Egyptian wet- (13035) 1996. Die fossile Insektenfauna lands, 1989/90, pp. 391-395, Found. Omithol. Res. LUTZ, H., von Rott: Egypt (FORE), Vlissingen. [FORE-Rep. 94-01], - Zusammensetzung und Bedeutung fur die (Publishers: Lisztlaan 5, NL-4384 KM Vlissingen). Rekonstruktion des ehemaligen Lebensraums. In: W. Records for 19 with field von Koenigswald, Rott bei spp., notes. [Ed.], Fossillagerstatte Hennef im 41- Siebengebirge[2nd enlarged edn], pp. (13032) MURPHY, D.H., 1994.
    [Show full text]
  • Etymology of the Dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata) Named by R.J
    Etymology of the Dragonfl ies (Insecta: Odonata) named by R.J. Tillyard, F.R.S. IAN D. ENDERSBY 56 Looker Road, Montmorency, Vic 3094 ([email protected]) Published on 23 April 2012 at http://escholarship.library.usyd.edu.au/journals/index.php/LIN Endersby, I.D. (2012). Etymology of the dragonfl ies (Insecta: Odonata) named by R.J. Tillyard, F.R.S. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 134, 1-16. R.J. Tillyard described 26 genera and 130 specifi c or subspecifi c taxa of dragonfl ies from the Australasian region. The etymology of the scientifi c name of each of these is given or deduced. Manuscript received 11 December 2011, accepted for publication 16 April 2012. KEYWORDS: Australasia, Dragonfl ies, Etymology, Odonata, Tillyard. INTRODUCTION moved to another genus while 16 (12%) have fallen into junior synonymy. Twelve (9%) of his subspecies Given a few taxonomic and distributional have been raised to full species status and two species uncertainties, the odonate fauna of Australia comprises have been relegated to subspecifi c status. Of the 325 species in 113 genera (Theischinger and Endersby eleven subspecies, or varieties or races as Tillyard 2009). The discovery and naming of these dragonfl ies sometimes called them, not accounted for above, fi ve falls roughly into three discrete time periods (Table 1). are still recognised, albeit four in different genera, During the fi rst of these, all Australian Odonata were two are no longer considered as distinct subspecies, referred to European experts, while the second era and four have disappeared from the modern literature.
    [Show full text]
  • Evolution of Odonata, with Special Reference to Coenagrionoidea (Zygoptera)
    Arthropod Systematics & Phylogeny 37 66 (1) 37 – 44 © Museum für Tierkunde Dresden, eISSN 1864-8312 Evolution of Odonata, with Special Reference to Coenagrionoidea (Zygoptera) FRANK LOUIS CARLE* 1, KARL M. KJER 2 & MICHAEL L. MAY 1 1 Rutgers, Department of Entomology, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901 USA [[email protected]; [email protected]] 2 Rutgers, Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Natural Resources, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08901 USA [[email protected]] * Corresponding author Received 04.ii.2008, accepted 10.v.2008. Published online at www.arthropod-systematics.de on 30.vi.2008. > Abstract A phylogeny including 26 families of Odonata is presented based on data from large and small subunit nuclear and mito- chondrial ribosomal RNAs and part of the nuclear EF-1α. Data were analyzed using Bayesian methods. Extant Zygoptera and Anisoptera are monophyletic. The topology of Anisoptera is ((Austropetaliidae, Aeshnidae) (Gomphidae (Petaluridae ((Cordulegastridae (Neopetaliidae, Chlorogomphidae)) ((Synthemistidae, Gomphomacromiidae) (Macromiidae (Corduli- idae s.s., Libellulidae))))))). Each of the major groups among anisopterans is well supported except the grouping of Neopeta­ lia with Chloropetalia. Lestidae and Synlestidae form a group sister to other Zygoptera, and Coenagrionoidea are also monophyletic, with the caveat that Isostictidae, although well supported as a family, was unstable but not placed among other coenagrionoids. Calopterygoidea are paraphyletic and partly polytomous, except for the recovery of (Calopterygidae, Hetaerinidae) and also (Chlorocyphidae (Epallagidae (Diphlebiinae, Lestoidinae))). Support for Epallagidae as the sister group of a clade (Diphlebiinae, Lestoideinae) is strong. Within Coenagrionoidea, several novel relationships appear to be well supported. First, the Old World disparoneurine protoneurids are nested within Platycnemididae and well separated from the protoneurine, Neoneura.
    [Show full text]
  • Odonata) with Emphasis on the Argiolestidae Issue Date: 2013-12-19 Studies on Phylogeny and Biogeography of Damselflies (Odonata) with Emphasis on the Argiolestidae
    Cover Page The handle http://hdl.handle.net/1887/22953 holds various files of this Leiden University dissertation Author: Kalkman, Vincent J. Title: Studies on phylogeny and biogeography of damselflies (Odonata) with emphasis on the Argiolestidae Issue Date: 2013-12-19 Studies on phylogeny and biogeography of damselflies (Odonata) with emphasis on the Argiolestidae PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad van Doctor aan de Universiteit Leiden, op gezag van Rector Magnificus prof. mr. C.J.J.M. Stolker, volgens besluit van het College voor Promoties te verdedigen op donderdag 19 december klokke 16.15 uur door Vincent J. Kalkman Geboren te Hilversum in 1974 Promotiecommissie: Promotor: Prof. dr. P.C. van Welzen (Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden Universiteit) Copromotor: Dr. J. van Tol (Naturalis Biodiversity Center) Overige leden: Prof. dr. P. Baas (Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Universiteit Leiden) Prof. dr. K. Biesmeijer (Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Universiteit van Amsterdam) Prof. dr. C.J. ten Cate (ibl – Universiteit Leiden) Prof. dr. E. Gittenberger (Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Universiteit Leiden) Dr. M. Hämäläinen (University of Helsinki) Dr. A. Orr (Griffith University, Australia) Prof. dr. M. Schilthuizen (Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Universiteit Leiden) Het onderzoek voor dit proefschrift werd verricht bij Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, en is mede mogelijk gemaakt door Stichting European Invertebrate Survey (eis) – Nederland, Leiden. Vincent J. Kalkman Studies on phylogeny and biogeography of damselflies (Odonata) with emphasis on the Argiolestidae 2013 LEIDEN Disclaimer None of the zoological names and combinations in this thesis are published for purpose of zoological nomenclature. This is a disclaimer with reference to Article 8.2 of the International Code for Zoological Nomenclature (iczn 1999).
    [Show full text]