Inside Citrix – the Flexcast Management Architecture
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Inside Citrix – The FlexCast Management Architecture 1 Table of Contents Inside Citrix Prologue – The one with copyrights and acknowledgements 3 Acknowledgements 4 Chapter one – The one about the author 5 Chapter two – The one with the why, who and scope 6 Chapter three – The one with all the relevance 9 Chapter four – The one with the FMA and its evolution 13 Chapter five – The with the FMA and its foundation 22 Chapter six – The one with the Delivery Controller 24 Chapter seven – The one with the Virtual Delivery Agent 32 Chapter eight – The one with StoreFront 37 Chapter nine – The one with the Central Site database 50 Inside Citrix chapter ten – The Citrix Receiver 62 Inside Citrix chapter eleven – The one with Citrix Studio 71 Inside Citrix chapter twelve – The one with Director 82 Inside Citrix chapter thirteen – The one with all the licensing 90 Inside Citrix chapter fourteen – The one with the Host Connection 106 Inside Citrix chapter fifteen – The one with the NetScaler Gateway and ADC 109 Inside Citrix chapter sixteen – The one with Provisioning Services 123 Inside Citrix chapter seventeen – The one with Machine Creation Services 137 Inside Citrix chapter eighteen – The one with all the FMA core services 145 Inside Citrix chapter nineteen – The one with the ICA/HDX protocol 166 Inside Citrix chapter twenty – The one about application delivery 179 Inside Citrix chapter twenty one – The one with the user login process 187 Inside Citrix chapter twenty two – The one where we deep dive into Citrix printing 200 Inside Citrix chapter twenty three – The one with all the troubleshooting 231 Inside Citrix chapter twenty four – The one with sizing and storage considerations 247 Inside Citrix chapter twenty five – The one with Citrix Workspace Cloud 258 Inside Citrix chapter twenty six – The one about the Citrix community 264 Inside Citrix chapter twenty seven – The one with Appendix A - FMA facts 271 Inside Citrix chapter twenty eight – The one with Appendix B - Key Takeaways 279 Inside Citrix – The FlexCast Management Architecture Inside Citrix Prologue – The one with copyrights and acknowledgements Copyright © 2016 – 2019 by Sebastiaan (Bas) van Kaam The statements made, and opinions expressed herein belong exclusively to the author and reviewers of this publication, and are not shared by, or represent the viewpoint of, Citrix Systems, Inc. or any other company that might have been mentioned in this publication. This publication does not constitute an endorsement of any product, service, or point of view. Although every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this book, the author and publisher take no responsibility for any errors that might have been made during its writing. This includes writing and language errors in all forms and sorts, product descriptions, best practices, product release times and dates or any other technical as well as non-technical information within this book. Neither is any liability assumed for damages, or other issues resulting from the use of information contained herein. Citrix makes no representations, warranties or assurances of any kind, express or implied, as to the completeness, accuracy, reliability, suitability, availability, or currency of the content contained in this publication or any material related to this publication. Any reliance you place on such content is strictly at your own risk. In no event shall Citrix, or any other company mentioned, its agents, officers, employees, licensees, or affiliates be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of profits, business information, or loss of information) arising out of the information or statements contained in the publication, even if Citrix has been advised of the possibility of such loss or damages. Citrix, Citrix Systems, XenApp, XenDesktop, NetScaler, FlexCast Management Architecture, FlexCast, CloudBridge, StoreFront, CloudPortal, ICA, Framehawk, ThinWire and any other products and/or technologies that I might have left out regarding the Citrix portfolio, are all trademarks of Citrix Systems, Inc. and/or one or more of its subsidiaries, and may be registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office and in other countries. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form without written permission from the author and/or publisher. ISBN-13: 978-1530428526 / ISBN-10: 1530428521 2016 1st edition, version 1.0 Back to ToC 2 Inside Citrix – The FlexCast Management Architecture Acknowledgements Writing a book isn’t something you do alone. Next to kind people who helped me review hundreds of pages, first and foremost I would like to thank my awesome and sweet girlfriend Tineke. She thought it was a great idea right from the start and encouraged me to keep going even when I felt like quitting at a certain point (multiple times actually). While writing a book and doing the research that comes with it is an awesome process all together, it is not something to be taken lightly. Furthermore, I would like to thank my reviewers Erik Bakker - @Bakker_Erik, Esther Barthel - @virtuEs_IT, Kees Baggerman - @KBaggerman, Tobias Kreidl - @t_kreidl, Marius Sandbu - @msandbu, Geert Braakhekke - @Easi123, Martin Zugec - @MartinZugec and Mick Glover - @XDtipster Your help is greatly appreciated! Special thanks go out to Martin, Erik and Tobias, as they were all very detailed and thorough in their work and took on hundreds of pages each. The results wouldn’t be the same without your help. I would also like to thank the people over at ProofProfessor - @ProofProfessor, for taking care of copy-editing and proofreading my manuscript. They were very professional and a pleasure to work with. Do note that I have made multiple changes and textual additions after I received back my manuscript. Therefore, any errors you might stumble upon are not their fault, I’ve done the best I can. And finally, I would like to thank my awesome sponsor IGEL for supporting me during this project. This ‘free’ e-book wouldn’t be here if it wasn’t for them! 3 Inside Citrix – The FlexCast Management Architecture Chapter one – The one about the author My name is Bas (Sebastiaan, actually) van Kaam, I am 39 years of age and I live in a town called IJmuiden, which is located in Noord Holland, The Netherlands. I started out in IT as a Helpdesk Support Technician about 18 years ago. From there I worked my way up to engineering and architecting mostly by attending (countless) seminars, webinars, IT-orientated congresses and through self-study courses, all of which I still enjoy and do today. I started focusing on the Citrix portfolio just over five years ago (although I had been involved in Citrix-related projects before that) and around January 1st, 2013 I founded my own personal website/blog over at basvankaam.com where around 75% of my articles are Citrix-related. I am employed as a Senior Business Consultant working for Salomon IT Solutions. I am involved in various technical as well as non-technical projects throughout the year, and from a technical point of view I specialize in designing, building, maintaining, troubleshooting and optimizing SBC & VDI-oriented infrastructures (mostly Citrix) for mid-sized and larger companies. As a public speaker I have presented at several national as well as international events, and I will continue to do so going forward. I currently own all major Microsoft and Citrix certifications and throughout the years I have received multiple community related awards and entitlements, here they are: Citrix Technology Professional (CTP class of 2016), Nutanix Technology Champion (NTC), Citrix Technology Advocate (CTA), Citrix Subject Matter Expert (SME), IGEL Tech Community Insider, Atlantis Community Expert (ACE), Liquidware Tech Insider, and a member of the Inside track for EUC/VDI Vips. I also really like the community and as such I was thrilled to find out that Citrix founded the CUGC platform (@myCUGC on Twitter & www.mycugc.org online) not that long ago (May 2015) which has turned out to be a great success. So, if you have not done so already, give them a visit and sign up! On a more personal note I love spending time with my two kids Julia and Sophie, and my girlfriend Tineke (who is now – 2018 – pregnant, by the way, finally). Besides technology I am also passionate about sports, running and CrossFit in particular, and I like to set myself ambitious but realizable goals throughout the year, something at which I succeed (almost) every time. Follow me on Twitter @BasvanKaam, check me out on LinkedIn, and/or read what else I have to say over at basvankaam.com. Thank you! Back to ToC 4 Inside Citrix – The FlexCast Management Architecture Chapter two – The one with the why, who and scope During the past five years I have written a lot of articles on XenApp, XenDesktop and the IMA (Independent Management Architecture) as well as on the FMA (FlexCast Management Architecture) with the introduction of the 7.x platform. Some were high-level, some deep dives, and a few in between. Most of my articles are based on and written around publicly available information, my own experiences, those of other community members and with a little help from Citrix every now and again, though I never shared any NDA information, nor will I do so now. It goes without saying that I am far from the only one: there are tons of excellent resources out there free for you to read and learn from. In fact, I’ll make sure to include a list of community resources near the end of this book – updated to reflect 2018. The only issue with this, although that’s probably too big a word, is that most information is scattered over the Internet and you will probably have to visit multiple sites and resources to find what you are looking for.