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Diapositiva 1 ISSN-2007-8080 REVISTA MEXICANA DE FITOPATOLOGÍA MEXICAN JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY VOLÚMEN 34, NÚMERO 1, 2016 Órgano Internacional de Difusión de la Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología, A.C. Revista Mexicana de FITOPATOLOGÍA Sociedad Mexicana de Fitopatología, A. C. Editor en Jefe * Editor in Chief Dr. Gustavo Mora Aguilera Colegio de Postgraduados Editor Técnico * Technical Editor Lic. Ma. Yunuén López Muratalla Composición Web * Web Composition Ing. Eduardo Guzmán Hernández Editoras(es) Adjuntos * Senior Editors Dra. Sylvia Patricia Fernández Pavía UMSNH Dra. Emma Zavaleta Mejía Colegio de Postgraduados Dra. Irasema del Carmen Vargas Arispuro CIAD Dra. Graciela Dolores Ávila Quezada CIAD Dr. Guillermo Fuentes Dávila INIFAP Dr. Ángel Rebollar Alviter Universidad Autonoma Chapingo Comité Editorial Internacional * International Editorial Advisory Board Dra. Lilian Amorim, Universidad de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Dr. Rodrigo Valverde Louisiana State University, USA Dr. Sami Jorge Michereff Universidad Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brasil Dr. Pedro W. Crous, Pretoia & Free State (SA) Universities, Holland. Editoras(es) Asociados * Associate Editors Dra. Evangelina E. Quiñones Aguilar, CIATEJ A.C. Dra. Emma Zavaleta Mejía, Colegio de Postgraduados Dr. Jairo Cristóbal Alejo, Instituto Tecnologico Agropecuario Conkal Dr. Jesús Ricardo Sánchez Pale, UAEM Dr. Alejandro Tovar Soto, IPN Dr. Ángel Rebollar Alviter, Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo Dr. J. Joel E. Corrales García, Universidad Autónoma de Chapingo Revista Mexicana de FITOPATOLOGÍA Volumen 34, Número 1, 2016 Artículos Científicos * Scientific Articles Caracterización Fenotípica de Mycosphaerella fijiensis y su Relación con la Sensibilidad a Fungicidas 1 en Colombia * Phenotypic Characterization of Mycosphaerella fijiensis and its Relation with Sensitivity to Fungicides in Colombia. Leonardo Sepúlveda. Identificación y alternativas de manejo de la cenicilla del rosal * Identification and management alter- 22 natives of powdery mildew in rosebush. Domínguez-Serrano D, García-Velasco R, Mora-Herrera ME y Salgado-Siclan ML. Artículo de Revisión * Revision articles Función de la Lignina en la Interacción Planta-Nematodos Endoparásitos Sedentarios * Role of Lignin in the Plant- Sedentary Endoparasitic Nematodes Interaction. 43 Lagunes-Fortiz E y Zavaleta-Mejía E. Interactions between Escherichia coli O157:H7 and food plants. Has this bacterium developed inter- nalization mechanisms? * Interacciones entre Escherichia coli O157:H7 y Plantas Comestibles. ¿Se han 64 Desarrollado Mecanismos de Internalización Bacteriana?. Muñiz CH, Guerrero-Prieto VM, Parra-Quezada RA, Noriega-Orozco LO y Ávila-Quezada GD. Notas Fitopatológicas * Phytopatological Notes Identification and antagonistic activity in vitro af Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma spp. isolates againts common phytopathogenic fungi * Identificación y actividad antagónica in vitro de aislados de Bacillus 85 spp. y Trichoderma spp. contra hongos fitopatógenos comunes. Rios-Velasco C, Caro-Cisneros JN, Berlanga-Reyes DI, Ruíz-Cisneros MF, Ornelas-Paz JJ, Salas-Marina MA, Villalobos-Pérez E y Guerrero-Prieto VM. In vitro Toxicity of Tropical Mexican Micromycetes on Infective Juveniles of Meloidogyne incognita * Toxicidad in vitro de Micromicetos del Trópico Mexicano en Juveniles Infectivos de Meloidogyne incognita 100 Gamboa-Angulo M, Moreno-Escobar JA, Herrera-Parra E, Pérez-Cruz J, Crsitobal-Alejo J y Heredia-Abar- ca G. Etiología de la marchitez y pudrición basal de Jatropha curcas en Arriaga, Chiapas, México * Etio- logy of wilt and basal rot of Jatropha curcas in Arriaga, Chiapas, Mexico. 110 Salazar-Pinacho WM, Quiroga-Madrigal RR, Rosales- Esquinca MA, Garrido-Ramírez ER y Holguín- Meléndez F. Nemátodos fitoparásitos asociados a raices de plátano (Musa acuminata AA) en el centro de Veracruz, México * Plant parasitic nematodes associated to banana roots (Musa acuminata AA) in central Veracruz, 116 México Lara-Posadas AV, Núñez-Sánchez AE, López-Lima D y Carrión G. Revista Mexicana de FITOPATOLOGÍA Caracterización Fenotípica de Mycosphaerella fijiensisy su Relación con la Sensibilidad a Fungicidas en Colombia Phenotypic Characterization of Mycosphaerella fijiensis and its Relation with Sensitivity to Fungicides in Colombia Leonardo Sepúlveda R. Corporación para Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB). Cra. 72 A No 78 B 141. Medellín, Colombia. Correspondencia: [email protected]; [email protected] Recibido: 5 de Agosto, 2015 Aceptado: 18 de Noviembre, 2015 Sepúlveda L. 2015. Caracterización Fenotípica de Abstract. Controlling Mycosphaerella fijiensis Mycosphaerella fijiensis y su Relación con la Sensibi- increasingly requires the use of greater amounts lidad a Fungicidas en Colombia. Revista Mexicana de of fungicides due to the resistance this pathogen Fitopatología 34: 1-21. DOI: 10.18781/R.MEX.FIT.1507.8 has developed. A phenotypic characterization of M. fijiensis isolates in relation to their sensitivity Primera Publicación DOI: 30 de Noviembre, 2015. to fungicides pyraclostrobin, epoxiconazole and First DOI published: November 30, 2015. tridemorph was carried out, with the intention of Resumen. El control de Micosphaerella fijiensis, complementing existing methods of resistance requiere cada vez la aplicación de una mayor can- monitoring. From symptomatic leaf tissue gathered tidad de fungicidas debido a la resistencia que este from 12 banana farms in Colombia in 2013 and patógeno ha desarrollado. Se realizó una caracte- 2014, monosporic isolates were obtained and their rización fenotípica de aislamientos de M. fijiensis population sensitivity and individual sensitivity en relación a su sensibilidad a los fungicidas pi- were measured. This sensitivity was then compared raclostrobin, epoxiconazol y tridemorf esperando with phenotypic traits expressed by each isolate. complementar los métodos actuales de monitoreo Results indicated that the traits associated with a de resistencia. A partir de tejido foliar sintomático greater sensitivity to pyraclostrobin were expressed recolectado desde 12 fincas bananeras de Colombia in a greater number of individuals; in addition, the durante los años 2013 y 2014, se obtuvo aislamien- expression of these same features was observed tos monospóricos a los que se les cuantificó la sen- as response to epoxiconazole. For tridemorph, sibilidad poblacional e individual. Posteriormente an apparent shared domain was observed among esta sensibilidad se comparó con los rasgos fenotí- individuals with traits associated to low and high picos que cada aislamiento expresó. Los resultados sensitivities. A phenotypic characterization would indicaron que los rasgos asociados con una mayor help find if there are more or fewer individuals sensibilidad a piraclostrobin se expresaron en un tolerant to an active ingredient and to define the mayor número de individuos, además se observó la time most suitable to apply this active ingredient Volumen 34, Número 1, 2016 1 Revista Mexicana de FITOPATOLOGÍA expresión de estos mismos rasgos como respuesta a without increasing the selection pressure on these epoxiconazol. Para tridemorf se observó un aparen- individuals te dominio compartido entre individuos con rasgos asociados a baja y alta sensibilidad. Una caracte- Additional key words: Pyraclostrobin, rización fenotípica permitiría conocer si existe un Epoxiconazole, Tridemorph. Selection pressure. mayor o menor número de individuos tolerantes a Biological fitness. un ingrediente activo y poder definir de esta forma el momento adecuado para aplicar este ingrediente activo sin aumentar la presión de selección sobre INTRODUCTION estos individuos. In Colombia, the banana tree is the most Palabras clave: Piraclostrobin, Epoxiconazol, Tri- widely exported crop after coffee and flowers, demorf. Presión de selección. Eficacia biológica. yet these levels of export are largely affected by plant health problems (AUGURA, 2015). Amongst the pathogens that affect banana plantations, INTRODUCCIÓN Mycosphaerella fijiensis Morelet, the agent that causes black sigatoka, is considered the most En Colombia el banano es el tercer recurso agrí- important and relevant disease on a global scale cola de mayor exportación después del café y las (FRAC, 2014). Due to the vulnerability of this crop flores, sin embargo estos niveles de exportación to the disease, multiple fungicides are required to son afectados en gran medida por los problemas be used at relatively high frquencies with costs fitopatológicos (AUGURA, 2015). Entre los pa- estimated at more than 30 % of the total of the tógenos que afectan el banano, Mycosphaerella fi- production (Churchill, 2011). jiensis Morelet, agente causal de la sigatoka negra In Colombia, as in all the other banana-exporting es considerada la enfermedad más importante y con countries in which M. fijiensishas been reported, its mayor relevancia a nivel mundial (FRAC, 2014). control has come at a great cost, both economically Y debido a la susceptibilidad de este cultivo a la and environmentally, since the necessary number enfermedad se requiere el uso de múltiples fungici- of treatments has increased with time, due to the das a frecuencias relativamente altas con costos es- fast apprearance of resistance to the different timados en más del 30 % del total de la producción fungicides that have been used (Pérez-Vicente, (Churchill, 2011). 2006; de Bellaire et al., 2010; FRAC, 2014). En Colombia así como en los demás países Despite the resistance to fungicides is one of the exportadores de banano donde se ha reportado
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