Bulletin 21 – Summer 2003

BULLETIN No. 21 ● Summer 2003 Getting a good deal of money (€90 million, mainly from EU Opinion sources), the newly established ‘EGZ’ (Zollverein Develop- ment Corporation) put forward a plan to make Zollverein an Rheinisches Amt für Denkmalpfege international centre of design, incorporating a design school and a worldwide, 100-day fair, called ‘metaform’ that is to Axel Föhl take place in 2005 for the frst time (every fve years hence). At the moment the debate is about how to transform the highly In December 2001, the 1930’s complex of hard coal mine intact coal washing plant, that is densely packed with his- and coking plant (1958-1987) of Zollverein in Essen-Kater- toric machinery, into a ‘plug-in centre’ as well as into a newly nberg in the Western part of the Ruhrgebiet was declared a planned ‘Ruhrmuseum’. Here again the question is whether World Heritage Site. It is the third large-scale industrial com- someone like Rotterdam architect Rem Koolhaas, who has plex to be part of the German list. Rammelsberg metal ore designed buildings like the famous The Hague ‘Netherlands mine (including the mediaeval centre of nearby Goslar) and Dance Theatre’, is the most suitable architect to carefully Völklingen blast furnace works preceded Zollverein in 1992 blend historic structures with new uses, cautiously discern- and respectively 1994. There is no question that the all-round ing between using something in a diferent way or using it up. qualities of the 120 hectare Zollverein site make it an out- One has to keep in mind that Zollverein XII was made a World standing monument to the history of technology as well as Heritage Site for what it is and not for what it could possibly to the architectural history of the 20th century. Rainer Slotta, be converted into. in his 1999 publication as a prelude to the 2001 listing, made this abundantly clear. Probably nowhere else in the world a At least one can say that a most destructive concept of some top industrial architect got the chance, as was the case with years ago, namely to crown the coal washing plant with an Zollverein central shaft Nr.XII, to develop an architectural co- immense glassed-in cube, has been abandoned – if only af- herence that the engineers with their technical necessities ter UNESCO clearly stated that this idea would prevent the just had to follow. The splendid 2002 exhibition ‘Symmetry listing of Zollverein as a world heritage site. and Symbol’ about Zollverein architects Fritz Schupp and Martin Kremmer (shown in the mine itself ) underlined this Time is running out for all participants in the planning pro- fact most impressively. cess. In 2002, a ‘master plan’ was presented. Rem Koolhaas designed several new buildings as well as communication Like in the case of the amazing Vienna group of gas-hold- structures to accommodate a congress centre, the proposed ers (cf. TICCIH bulletin 16, 2002, p.1 and 7) however, what school of design, hotels and enterprise zones. Everybody causes concern with the Zollverein site is not so much what it who has followed Koolhaas´ work over the last 20 years, has is, but what it is supposed to become in the near future: Still to ask himself, whether this is an architect suited to care- under the auspices of the 1989-1999 International Building fully integrate new features into existing structures. So far, Exhibition IBA in the Ruhrgebiet, (then) Sir Norman Foster got the activities of the planners on the Zollverein premises have the chance to transform the former central power station of led to something the German press called ‘the execution of the mine into an exhibition space for the North-Rhine-West- a listed monument’. The legally protected salt storehouse of phalian Design Centre. Cutting open four of the 1929/1935 the coking plant was partly demolished to accommodate a boilers. One 1929 boiler has been left intact. Other parts of large-scale object of art, Ilya and Emilia Kabakov´s ‘Palace of the mine serve as exhibition halls or are rented out to several Projects’. Public protest was also provoked a little later when, enterprises. What has so far been left intact was the coal in June 2002, two live tigers were temporarily displayed in a washing plant. ‘Stiftung (Foundation ) Zollverein’ has since coal bunker of the same coking plant. 1998 established a guided tour regime here that allows visitors to take in the original technical pattern of working the 12.000 tons of coal per day, after it had been brought up the central shaft XII of the Zollverein mine (other surviving shafts are part of the world heritage site as well ). This ‘Stiftung’ has NOTE: This document is a resetting of text and images undertaken a splendid job of interpretation and information from the original TICCIH Bulletin. It is not a reproduction so far. of the original publication. TICCIH BULLETIN 1 No. 21 ● Summer 2003 On the other hand, in 1999 and again in 2000, gifted exhibi- to make and renew acquaintances ranks highly in delegates tion architect Jürg Steiner demonstrated in his (and two other lists of priorities. curators) three-month-exhibition ‘Sun, Moon and Stars’, that drew hundred thousands of visitors into the widely unaltered, National Reports formerly forbidden spaces of the coking works, how new features can be sensitively blended in structures that in them- The organisers of the Russian congress had hoped to publish selves possess a strong and impressive character. It is that all the National Reports in Moscow, but at the time of go- kind of use that industrial archaeologists hope for – using the ing to press, they have still not been received from Australia, monumental remains of the heavy industry of 19th and 20th Canada, Chile, Estonia, Great Britain, Italy, Ireland, Latvia, century Ruhrgebiet to give people access to the formerly ‘for- Lithuania, Norway, Turkey and USA, as well as from Africa bidden’ world of mining and ironmaking that established the and most of Latin America. Mr Eugene Logunov has had to importance of Germany’s most potent heavy industry region. postpone publication until afterwards in the hope of achieving The objective can only be to use those spaces and structures a fuller picture of industrial heritage over the last few years. without using them up for good. At the moment, it looks like a race against time (2005 design fair, EU money deadlines) TICCIH in Africa and Asia whose outcome is very open concerning the chances of sur- vival of Zollverein as an outstanding monument of the indus- International organisations such as TICCIH tend to enjoy trial history of the 20th century. a stronger representation and participation in Europe and North America than other parts of the world where funding for attending meetings and conferences is harder to come by. TICCIH wants to be able to increase participation from out- side its traditional regions and is looking for any sources of TICCIH News funding that can be used to help and encourage a wider participation in its meetings. Any suggestions or guidance would TICCIH continued to work to cement its relationship with be welcomed by the Board, or through the Bulletin. Likewise ICOMOS, to which it gives advice on matters of industrial the names of possible representatives in regions where in- heritage. The TICCIH President, Eusebi Casanelles, wrote dustrial heritage is a new and uncertain discipline, or in coun- recently to the newly-elected President of ICOMOS Michael tries such as Egypt, India, Pakistan or Israel in which TICCIH Petzet to suggest a meeting to discuss areas of future coop- has a nominal representation but the connection seems to eration, and to give him the draft of the charter for industrial have broken down heritage that TICCIH will present at the Moscow congress in July. World Heritage List nominated sites 2003 After ICOMOS sent a letter to the UK Prime Minister, Tony In contrast to last year, none of the 32 nominations for the Blair, on Iraq’s cultural heritage, the TICCIH Secretary Stuart WHL in 2003 was industrial in character. The full list can be Smith also wrote to Mr Petzet commenting that there were no seen at http://www.international.icomos.org/world_heritage/ historic industrial remains in Iraq which required protection, nominated2003.htm but he is investigating whether this is in fact so. The Anglo- Persian Oil Company, for instance, had refneries, company Textile section – guidelines for selecting historic textile housing, hospitals, schools, workshops, and similar facilities sites at Abadan in the Masjidi Suleiman oilfelds. Any information on the existence of industrial heritage in Iraq, or indeed of any As the report on the Euskirchen conference (Conference re- contacts in that country concerned with its study or conser- port) notes, there was considerable discussion of the project vation, would of great interest, and should be sent to Stuart of the textile section to develop some guidelines or criteria Smith. (See foot of page 2 for contact details). for assessing historic textile sites. The original draft has now been revised by its author, Mark Watson, and the new text is The XIII TICCIH Congress? posted on the TICCIH web site. Any comments on his latest proposal should be sent to the author who would welcome At the time of going to press, the Board have not received discussion of the theme with other experts of textile heritage. any proposals to host the next congress, in 2006. Distant though that date may seem, TICCIH wants to establish its Contributors: Axel Föhl, Stuart B Smith, Patrick Viaene, Ed- triennial meeting in good time in an international conference mund Wittbrodt.

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