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Evolutionary History of Stomach Bot Flies in the Light of Mitogenomics
Evolutionary history of stomach bot flies in the light of mitogenomics Yan, Liping; Pape, Thomas; Elgar, Mark A.; Gao, Yunyun; Zhang, Dong Published in: Systematic Entomology DOI: 10.1111/syen.12356 Publication date: 2019 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Yan, L., Pape, T., Elgar, M. A., Gao, Y., & Zhang, D. (2019). Evolutionary history of stomach bot flies in the light of mitogenomics. Systematic Entomology, 44(4), 797-809. https://doi.org/10.1111/syen.12356 Download date: 28. Sep. 2021 Systematic Entomology (2019), 44, 797–809 DOI: 10.1111/syen.12356 Evolutionary history of stomach bot flies in the light of mitogenomics LIPING YAN1, THOMAS PAPE2 , MARK A. ELGAR3, YUNYUN GAO1 andDONG ZHANG1 1School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China, 2Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark and 3School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia Abstract. Stomach bot flies (Calyptratae: Oestridae, Gasterophilinae) are obligate endoparasitoids of Proboscidea (i.e. elephants), Rhinocerotidae (i.e. rhinos) and Equidae (i.e. horses and zebras, etc.), with their larvae developing in the digestive tract of hosts with very strong host specificity. They represent an extremely unusual diver- sity among dipteran, or even insect parasites in general, and therefore provide sig- nificant insights into the evolution of parasitism. The phylogeny of stomach botflies was reconstructed -
Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Turkey
Türk. entomol. bült, 2017, 7 (2): 113-118 ISSN 2146-975X DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16969/entoteb.331402 E-ISSN 2536-4928 Original article (Orijinal araştırma) First record of Anatis ocellata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Turkey Anatis ocellata (Linnaeus, 1758) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)’nın Türkiye’deki ilk kaydı Şükran OĞUZOĞLU1* Mustafa AVCI1 Derya ŞENAL2 İsmail KARACA3 Abstract Coccinellids sampled in this study were collected from the Taurus cedar (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) at Gölcük Natural Park in Isparta and Crimean pine (Pinus nigra Arnold.) in Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University Campus. Anatis ocellata (Linnaeus, 1758) was found among the collected coccinellids and is reported for the first time in Turkish coccinellid fauna, after the identification of samples. Morphological features and taxonomic characters of this species are given with distribution and habitat notes. Keywords: Anatis ocellata, Bilecik, coccinellid, Isparta, new record Öz Gelin böcekleri, Isparta’da Gölcük Tabiat Parkı’nda Toros sediri (Cedrus libani A. Rich.) ve Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Kampüsü’nde karaçam (Pinus nigra Arnold.) üzerinden toplanmıştır. Teşhis sonucunda toplanan örnekler arasında Anatis ocellata’nın bulunduğu ve Türkiye gelin böcekleri faunası için yeni kayıt olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada türün morfolojik özellikleri ile taksonomik karakteristikleri, yayılış ve habitat notları verilmiştir. Anahtar sözcükler: Anatis ocellata, Bilecik, coccinellid, Isparta, yeni kayıt 1 Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Orman Fakültesi, -
Effective Population Size and Genetic Conservation Criteria for Bull Trout
North American Journal of Fisheries Management 21:756±764, 2001 q Copyright by the American Fisheries Society 2001 Effective Population Size and Genetic Conservation Criteria for Bull Trout B. E. RIEMAN* U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 316 East Myrtle, Boise, Idaho 83702, USA F. W. A LLENDORF Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812, USA Abstract.ÐEffective population size (Ne) is an important concept in the management of threatened species like bull trout Salvelinus con¯uentus. General guidelines suggest that effective population sizes of 50 or 500 are essential to minimize inbreeding effects or maintain adaptive genetic variation, respectively. Although Ne strongly depends on census population size, it also depends on demographic and life history characteristics that complicate any estimates. This is an especially dif®cult problem for species like bull trout, which have overlapping generations; biologists may monitor annual population number but lack more detailed information on demographic population structure or life history. We used a generalized, age-structured simulation model to relate Ne to adult numbers under a range of life histories and other conditions characteristic of bull trout populations. Effective population size varied strongly with the effects of the demographic and environmental variation included in our simulations. Our most realistic estimates of Ne were between about 0.5 and 1.0 times the mean number of adults spawning annually. We conclude that cautious long-term management goals for bull trout populations should include an average of at least 1,000 adults spawning each year. Where local populations are too small, managers should seek to conserve a collection of interconnected populations that is at least large enough in total to meet this minimum. -
Some Aspects of the Taxonomy and Biology of Adult Spirurine Nematodes Parasitic in Fishes: a Review
FOLIA PARASITOLOGICA 54: 239–257, 2007 REVIEW ARTICLE Some aspects of the taxonomy and biology of adult spirurine nematodes parasitic in fishes: a review František Moravec Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic Key words: Nematoda, Spirurina, Cystidicolidae, Rhabdochonidae, parasites, fish, taxonomy, biology Abstract. About 300 species belonging to four superfamilies (Gnathostomatoidea, Habronematoidea, Physalopteroidea and Thelazioidea) of the nematode suborder Spirurina are known as the adult parasites of freshwater, brackish-water and marine fishes. They are placed in four families, of which the Gnathostomatidae, including Echinocephalus with a few species and the monotypic Metaleptus, are parasites of elasmobranchs, whereas Ancyracanthus contains one species in teleosts; the Physalopteri- dae is represented in fish by four genera, Bulbocephalus, Heliconema, Paraleptus and Proleptus, each with several species in both elasmobranchs and teleosts. The majority of fish spirurines belongs to the Rhabdochonidae, which includes 10 genera (Beaninema, Fellicola, Hepatinema, Heptochona, Johnstonmawsonia, Megachona, Pancreatonema, Prosungulonema, Rhabdo- chona and Vasorhabdochona) of species parasitizing mainly teleosts, rarely elasmobranchs, and the Cystidicolidae with about 23 genera (Ascarophis, Caballeronema, Capillospirura, Comephoronema, Crenatobronema, Cristitectus, Ctenascarophis, Cyclo- zone, Cystidicola, Cystidicoloides, Johnstonmawsonoides, -
Batman Arkham Knightfall Protocol
Batman Arkham Knightfall Protocol Run-in Erasmus begirt amazingly, he buttress his nymphomaniac very palingenetically. Hussein dements unattainably. Is Ralph always moth-eaten and unipolar when reconnoiters some kingdom very irreducibly and capriccioso? Although azrael but batman arkham Press J to stumble to food feed. Arkham city after threatening plant villain including notable detective mode with his parents were killed both scare criminals who agrees, but that i ask flash. Arkham knightfall is batman was it is no one disk copy as arkham knightfall protocol mission showed them, batman is because in which surely has always cruel twist. Neat twist of video games montreal might help instill fear effects, videos and good. These could be right at this? Task force x carried out. Have passage To propagate Every Riddler Trophy? Eliminate riddler himself, or implied that jason todd, batman knightfall protocol ending for what i knew his plan, you just gets a more momentum from. You may immediately enjoy. There is a rocket launcher attack on a little more confusing a return of this does it is a script. My mask for a critical discussion about that. Creed just keep doing multiple takedowns in gotham city underworld, if you can fly very a battle was still play within his own house customize scripts. Whole time custody and batman knightfall protocol explained the thugs just keep on him impress an explosive ordinance in the breaking the content! Martin robinson steps in arkham knightfall protocol you ability points. Batman and the Batmobile on both onset, as opposed to earning them by progressing through compatible game. -
Journal of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group GAJAH
NUMBER 49 2018 GAJAHJournal of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group GAJAH Journal of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group Number 49 (2018) The journal is intended as a medium of communication on issues that concern the management and conservation of Asian elephants both in the wild and in captivity. It is a means by which everyone concerned with the Asian elephant (Elephas maximus), whether members of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group or not, can communicate their research results, experiences, ideas and perceptions freely, so that the conservation of Asian elephants can benefit. All articles published in Gajah reflect the individual views of the authors and not necessarily that of the editorial board or the Asian Elephant Specialist Group. Editor Dr. Jennifer Pastorini Centre for Conservation and Research 26/7 C2 Road, Kodigahawewa Julpallama, Tissamaharama Sri Lanka e-mail: [email protected] Editorial Board Dr. Prithiviraj Fernando Dr. Benoit Goossens Centre for Conservation and Research Danau Girang Field Centre 26/7 C2 Road, Kodigahawewa c/o Sabah Wildlife Department Julpallama Wisma MUIS, Block B 5th Floor Tissamaharama 88100 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah Sri Lanka Malaysia e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Dr. Varun R. Goswami Heidi Riddle Wildlife Conservation Society Riddles Elephant & Wildlife Sanctuary 551, 7th Main Road P.O. Box 715 Rajiv Gandhi Nagar, 2nd Phase, Kodigehall Greenbrier, Arkansas 72058 Bengaluru - 560 097, India USA e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] Dr. T. N. C. Vidya Evolutionary and Organismal Biology Unit Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Bengaluru - 560 064 India e-mail: [email protected] GAJAH Journal of the Asian Elephant Specialist Group Number 49 (2018) This publication was proudly funded by Wildlife Reserves Singapore Editorial Note Gajah will be published as both a hard copy and an on-line version accessible from the AsESG web site (www.asesg.org/ gajah.htm). -
Sociobiology and Conflict. Evolutionary Perspectives On
S. Afr. J. Zool. 1992,27(2) 91 Book Reviews demonstration of heritability. If there is no heritable variance in a trait, selection cannot operate. Glib statements like the following: ' ... for any socially living mammalian species the competing sets of needs under discussion are very general and basic. We must there Sociobiology and Conflict. Evolutionary fore assume thal the varill1lce in the balance between tlwse sets of basic needs has strong genetic roots' (van der Molen, p. 65, my perspectives on competition, coopera emphasis) tion, violence and warfare. are inadequate. Without the demonstration of heritability, adapta tionist explanations remain 'just-so stories'. This point has been made many times in the past, but the message has still not been Edited by J. van der Dennen and V. Falger received and understood. It is 15 years since the pUblication of Published by Chapman and Hall, London Wilson's opus magnum, Sociobiology. Surely this is time enough 338 pages for workers who posit genetic explanations to begin to accumulate some genetic data? Some of us still like to believe that biology is a science - even when it is applied to the human species. A tho This book comprises 14 essays that explore the potential signifi rough scientific treatment demands critical examination of all prior cance of sociobiological theorising to an understanding of human assumptions. aggressive behaviour, 'in the hope that we might better understand Then there is the far more fundamental question as to whether and come to terms with the problems of human conflict' (p. 14). or not theories regarding the selective origin of I18gressive behavi The thesis advanced by the majority of the contributors is predica our in individuals - regardless of their merits and demerits - ted on the following notions: (i) that aggressive behaviour in can tell us anything whatsoever about the conduct of war between humans has a genetic basis which is sufficiently deterministic to nations. -
Huchen (Hucho Hucho) ERSS
Huchen (Hucho hucho) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, April 2011 Revised, January 2019, February 2019 Web Version, 4/30/2019 Photo: Liquid Art. Licensed under CC-SA 4.0 International. Available: https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Danube_Salmon_-_Huchen_(Hucho_hucho).jpg. (January 2019). 1 Native Range and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2019): “Europe: Danube drainage [Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Switzerland, and Ukraine].” “Population has declined [in Slovenia] due to pollution and river regulation. Conservation measures include artificial propagation and stocking [Povz 1996]. Status of threat: Regionally extinct [Bianco and Ketmaier 2016].” 1 “Considered locally extinct (extirpated) in 1990 [in Switzerland] [Vilcinskas 1993].” “Extinct in the wild in 2000 [in Czech Republic] [Lusk and Hanel 2000]. This species is a native species in the basin of the Black Sea (the rivers Morava and Dyje). At present, its local and time- limited occurrence depends on the stocking material from artificial culture. Conditions that will facilitate the formation of a permanent population under natural conditions are not available [Lusk et al. 2004]. […] Status of threat: extinct in the wild [Lusk et al. 2011].” From Freyhof and Kottelat (2008): “The species is severely fragmented within the Danube drainage, where most populations exclusively depend on stocking and natural reproduction is very limited due to habitat alterations and flow regime changes.” From Grabowska et al. (2010): “The exceptional case is huchen (or Danubian salmon), Hucho hucho. The huchen’s native range in Poland was restricted to two small rivers (Czarna Orawa and Czadeczka) of the Danube River basin, […]” Status in the United States Froese and Pauly (2019) report an introduction to the United States between 1870 and 1874 that did not result in an established population. -
Species Knowledge Review: Shrill Carder Bee Bombus Sylvarum in England and Wales
Species Knowledge Review: Shrill carder bee Bombus sylvarum in England and Wales Editors: Sam Page, Richard Comont, Sinead Lynch, and Vicky Wilkins. Bombus sylvarum, Nashenden Down nature reserve, Rochester (Kent Wildlife Trust) (Photo credit: Dave Watson) Executive summary This report aims to pull together current knowledge of the Shrill carder bee Bombus sylvarum in the UK. It is a working document, with a view to this information being reviewed and added when needed (current version updated Oct 2019). Special thanks to the group of experts who have reviewed and commented on earlier versions of this report. Much of the current knowledge on Bombus sylvarum builds on extensive work carried out by the Bumblebee Working Group and Hymettus in the 1990s and early 2000s. Since then, there have been a few key studies such as genetic research by Ellis et al (2006), Stuart Connop’s PhD thesis (2007), and a series of CCW surveys and reports carried out across the Welsh populations between 2000 and 2013. Distribution and abundance Records indicate that the Shrill carder bee Bombus sylvarum was historically widespread across southern England and Welsh lowland and coastal regions, with more localised records in central and northern England. The second half of the 20th Century saw a major range retraction for the species, with a mixed picture post-2000. Metapopulations of B. sylvarum are now limited to five key areas across the UK: In England these are the Thames Estuary and Somerset; in South Wales these are the Gwent Levels, Kenfig–Port Talbot, and south Pembrokeshire. The Thames Estuary and Gwent Levels populations appear to be the largest and most abundant, whereas the Somerset population exists at a very low population density, the Kenfig population is small and restricted. -
Kiwi First Aid and Veterinary Care
9. Acknowledgements Special thanks to Dr Brett Gartrell, Massey University, and Richard Jakob-Hoff, Auckland Zoo, for peer reviewing this document. Thanks also to Dr Maurice Alley, Massey University, and Kate McInnes, Department of Conservation, for their contributions. Jenny Youl and Vanessa Gray (Massey University), Trevor Kelly (The Vet Centre, Rotorua) and Claire Travers (Kiwi Encounter, Rainbow Springs, Rotorua) are acknowledged for the use of their photos. Dallas Bishop (Agresearch) and Ricardo Palma (Te Papa Tongarewa, Museum of New Zealand) confirmed the accuracy of the ectoparasites recorded from kiwi listed in Table 3. 10. References Abou-Madi, N.; Kollias, G.V. (Eds) 1992: Avian fluid therapy. Current veterinary therapy XI. W.B. Co, Philadelphia. Aguilar, R.F. 2004: The use of occlusive hydrocolloidal bandages in raptor wound management. Pp. 135–137 in: Proceedings of the Australian Committee of the Association of Avian Veterinarians, Kakadu. Andrews, J.R.H. 1977: A new species of Lyperosomum (Digenea: Dicrocoeliidae) from the North Island brown kiwi. New Zealand Journal of Zoology 4: 99–100. Bauck, L. 1994: Mycoses. Pp. 997–1006 in Ritchie, B.W.; Harrison, G.J.; Harrison, L.R. (Eds): Avian medicine: principles and application. Wingers Publishing Inc., Lake Worth, Florida. Bauck, L.; Kupersmith, D. 1991: Intraosseous fluids. Journal of the Association of Avian Veterinarians 5: 74–100. Benham, W.B. 1990: The structure of the rostellum in two new species of tapeworm, from Apteryx. Quarterly Journal of Microscopical Science 43: 83–96. Bennett, R.A. 1994: Neurology. Pp. 723–747 in Ritchie, B.W.; Harrison, G.J.; Harrison, L.R. (Eds): Avian medicine: principles and application. -
Relationality and Masculinity in Superhero Narratives Kevin Lee Chiat Bachelor of Arts (Communication Studies) with Second Class Honours
i Being a Superhero is Amazing, Everyone Should Try It: Relationality and Masculinity in Superhero Narratives Kevin Lee Chiat Bachelor of Arts (Communication Studies) with Second Class Honours This thesis is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The University of Western Australia School of Humanities 2021 ii THESIS DECLARATION I, Kevin Chiat, certify that: This thesis has been substantially accomplished during enrolment in this degree. This thesis does not contain material which has been submitted for the award of any other degree or diploma in my name, in any university or other tertiary institution. In the future, no part of this thesis will be used in a submission in my name, for any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution without the prior approval of The University of Western Australia and where applicable, any partner institution responsible for the joint-award of this degree. This thesis does not contain any material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. This thesis does not violate or infringe any copyright, trademark, patent, or other rights whatsoever of any person. This thesis does not contain work that I have published, nor work under review for publication. Signature Date: 17/12/2020 ii iii ABSTRACT Since the development of the superhero genre in the late 1930s it has been a contentious area of cultural discourse, particularly concerning its depictions of gender politics. A major critique of the genre is that it simply represents an adolescent male power fantasy; and presents a world view that valorises masculinist individualism. -
Assessing Symbiont Extinction Risk Using Cophylogenetic Data 2 3 Jorge Doña1 and Kevin P
1 Assessing symbiont extinction risk using cophylogenetic data 2 3 Jorge Doña1 and Kevin P. Johnson1 4 5 1. Illinois Natural History Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 6 1816 S. Oak St., Champaign, IL 61820, USA 7 8 *Corresponding authors: Jorge Doña & Kevin Johnson; e-mail: [email protected] & [email protected] 9 10 Abstract: Symbionts have a unique mode of life that has attracted the attention of ecologists and 11 evolutionary biologists for centuries. As a result of this attention, these disciplines have produced 12 a mature body of literature on host-symbiont interactions. In contrast, the discipline of symbiont 13 conservation is still in a foundational stage. Here, we aim to integrate methodologies on symbiont 14 coevolutionary biology with the perspective of conservation. We focus on host-symbiont 15 cophylogenies, because they have been widely used to study symbiont diversification history and 16 contain information on symbiont extinction. However, cophylogenetic information has never been 17 used nor adapted to the perspective of conservation. Here, we propose a new statistic, 18 “cophylogenetic extinction rate” (Ec), based on coevolutionary knowledge, that uses data from 19 event-based cophylogenetic analyses, and which could be informative to assess relative symbiont 20 extinction risks. Finally, we propose potential future research to further develop estimation of 21 symbiont extinction risk from cophylogenetic analyses and continue the integration of this existing 22 knowledge of coevolutionary biology and cophylogenetics into future symbiont conservation 23 studies and practices. 24 25 Keywords: coevolution, coextinction risk, conservation biology, cophylogenies, host-symbiont 26 interactions, parasites.