Employment Equity Act (55/1998): Public Register Notice 40996
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Reconditioning of Aluminium Engines Reconditioning of Aluminium Engine Blocks Impressum
Service Tips & Information Reconditioning of Aluminium Engines Reconditioning of Aluminium Engine Blocks Impressum MSI Motor Service International. Und was dahinter steckt. Die MSI Motor Service International GmbH ist die Vertriebsorganisation für die weltweiten Aftermarket-Aktivitäten der KOLBENSCHMIDT PIERBURG AG. Unter den Premium-Marken KOLBEN- SCHMIDT, PIERBURG und TRW liefern wir ein umfassendes, bedarfsgerech- tes Sortiment von Produkten im und am Motor. Den Werkstätten und Moto- reninstandsetzern stehen Motorkom- ponenten für über 2000 verschiedene Motoren zur Verfügung. Alle Produkte erfüllen den hohen Anspruch an Qualität, Wirtschaftlich- keit und Umweltschutz. Die KOLBENSCHMIDT PIERBURG AG als weltweit bedeutender Automobilzuliefe- rer entwickelt innovative Lösungen für Komponenten, Module und Systeme rund um den Motor für fast alle Hersteller. An 23 Fertigungsstandorten in Europa, Nord-und Südamerika sowie in China werden 11400 Mitarbeiter beschäftigt. Date 08.06 1. Edition Artikel-Nr. 50 003 804-02 ISBN 978-3-86522-197-1 Published by: © MSI Motor Service International GmbH Untere Neckarstraße 74172 Neckarsulm, Germany Editors: Alexander Schäfer Uwe Schilling Simon Schnaibel Technical Contributors: Reiner Holwein Johann Szopa Bernd Waldhauer Ullrich Zucker Dr. Eduard Köhler Willi Pröschle Graphical design: Uwe Schilling Simon Schnaibel Production: Margot Schneider Hela Werbung GmbH, Heilbronn Wir bedanken uns für die freundliche Unterstützung der KS Aluminium Technologie AG. This document must not be reprinted, duplicated or translated in full or in part without our prior written con- sent and without reference to the source of the material. All content including pictures and diagrams is subject to alteration. We accept no liability. 2 | Reconditioning of Aluminium Engine Blocks MSI Motor Service International Reconditioning of Aluminium Engine Blocks FOREWORD Aluminium engine blocks – the trend Since they were fi rst introduced, engines with aluminium engine blocks have continued to enjoy increasing popularity. -
Machining of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys / 763
ASM Handbook, Volume 16: Machining Copyright © 1989 ASM International® ASM Handbook Committee, p 761-804 All rights reserved. DOI: 10.1361/asmhba0002184 www.asminternational.org MachJning of Aluminum and AlumJnum Alloys ALUMINUM ALLOYS can be ma- -r.. _ . lul Tools with small rake angles can normally chined rapidly and economically. Because be used with little danger of burring the part ," ,' ,,'7.,','_ ' , '~: £,~ " ~ ! f / "' " of their complex metallurgical structure, or of developing buildup on the cutting their machining characteristics are superior ,, A edges of tools. Alloys having silicon as the to those of pure aluminum. major alloying element require tools with The microconstituents present in alumi- larger rake angles, and they are more eco- num alloys have important effects on ma- nomically machined at lower speeds and chining characteristics. Nonabrasive con- feeds. stituents have a beneficial effect, and ,o IIR Wrought Alloys. Most wrought alumi- insoluble abrasive constituents exert a det- num alloys have excellent machining char- rimental effect on tool life and surface qual- acteristics; several are well suited to multi- ity. Constituents that are insoluble but soft B pie-operation machining. A thorough and nonabrasive are beneficial because they e,,{' , understanding of tool designs and machin- assist in chip breakage; such constituents s,~ ,.t ing practices is essential for full utilization are purposely added in formulating high- of the free-machining qualities of aluminum strength free-cutting alloys for processing in alloys. high-speed automatic bar and chucking ma- Strain-hardenable alloys (including chines. " ~ ~p /"~ commercially pure aluminum) contain no In general, the softer ailoys~and, to a alloying elements that would render them lesser extent, some of the harder al- c • o c hardenable by solution heat treatment and ,p loys--are likely to form a built-up edge on precipitation, but they can be strengthened the cutting lip of the tool. -
Complex Mechanical Properties of Steel
COMPLEX MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF STEEL Radu Calin Dimitriu Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy University of Cambridge Churchill College A dissertation submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Cambridge January 2009 Facilis descensus Averno Publius Vergilius Maro i Preface This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Cambridge. The research reported herein was con- ducted under the supervision of Professor H. K. D. H. Bhadeshia in the Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cam- bridge, between October 2005 and November 2008. This work is to the best of my knowledge original, except were acknowl- edgement and references are made to previous work. Neither this, nor any substantially similar dissertation has been or is being submitted for any degree, diploma or other qualification at any other university or in- stitution. This dissertation does not exceed the word limit of 60,000 words. Part of the work described herein has been published or has been ac- cepted to be published in the following publications: R.C. Dimitriu and H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia. Hot Strength of Creep Resis- tant Ferritic Steels and Relationship to Creep Rupture Data. Materials Science and Technology, 23:1127-1131, 2007. R.C. Dimitriu, H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia, C. Fillon, and C. Poloni. Strength of Ferritic Steels: Neural Network and Genetic Programming. Materi- als and Manufacturing Processes, 24:10-15, 2009. H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia, R.C. Dimitriu, S. Forsik, J.H. Pak and J.H. Ryu. On Performance of Neural Networks in Materials Science. -
S.No Reg. No Company Name 1 2 AHMEDABAD MANUFACTURING and CALICO PRINTING CO
LIST OF DEFAULTING COMPANIES IN GUJRAT S.No Reg. No Company_Name 1 2 AHMEDABAD MANUFACTURING AND CALICO PRINTING CO. LTD. 2 3 GUJARAT GINNING & MFG CO.LIMITED. 3 7 THE ARYODAYA SPG & WVG.CO.LIMITED. 4 8 40817HCHOWK & AHMEDABAD MFG CO.LIMITED. 5 9 RAJNAGAR SPG & WVG MFG.CO.LIMITED. 6 10 HMEDABAD COTTON MFG. CO.LIMITED. 7 12 12DISPLAY STATUSSTEEL INDUSTRIES PVT. LTD. 8 18 ISHWER COTTON G.N.& PRES.CO.LIMITED. 9 22 THE AHMEDABAD NEW COTTON MILLS CO.LIMITED. 10 25 BHARAT KHAND TEXTILE MANUFACTURING CO LTD 11 27 HIMABHAI MANUFACTURING CO LTD 12 29 JEHANGIR VAKIL MILLS CO PVT LTD 13 30 GUJARAT OIL MILL & MFG CO LTD 14 31 RUSTOMJI MANGALDAS & COMPANY LTD 15 34 FINE KNITTING CO LTD 16 40 AHMEDABAD LAXMI COTTON MILLS CO.LIMITED. 17 42 AHMEDABAD KAISER-I-HIND MILLS CO LTD 18 45 AHMEDABAD NEW TEXTILE MILS CO LTD 19 47 SHRI VIVEKANAND MILLS LTD 20 49 MARSDEN SPINNING & MANUFACTURING CO LTD 21 50 ASHOKA MILLS LTD. 22 54 AHMEDABAD CYCLE & MOTORS TRADING CO PVT LTD 23 68 SHRI AMRUTA MILLS LTD 24 78 VIJAY MILLS CO LTD 25 79 SHRI ARBUDA MILLS LTD. 26 81 DHARWAR ELECTRICAL INDUSTRIES LTD 27 85 ANANTA MILLS LTD 28 87 BHIKABHAI JIVABHAI & CO PVT LTD 29 89 J R VAKHARIA & SONS PVT LTD 30 99 BIHARI MILLS LIMITED 31 101 ROHIT MILLS LTD 32 106 AHMEDABAD FIBRE-SALES & SUPPLIES LTD 33 107 GUJARAT PAPER MILLS LTD 34 109 IDEAL MOTORS LTD 35 110 MODEL THEATRES PVT LTD 36 115 HIMATLAL MOTILAL & CO LTD.(IN LIQ.) 37 116 RAMANLAL KANAIYALAL & CO LTD.(LIQ). -
Alusil, Lokasil, Silitec, Diasil, Mercosil, ALBOND—These Sound
Alusil, Lokasil, Silitec, DiASil, Mercosil, ALBOND—these sound like a foreign language, but they are all trade names or trademarks for what is generically known as hypereutectic aluminum, which is a new/old material for cylinder bore wear surfaces. Hypereutectic aluminum is both new and old. Its cousins, hypoeutectic and eutectic aluminum, have been used for pistons and connecting rods for a number of years. One of the earliest applications of hypereutectic aluminum was as the wear surface in an unlined cylinder in some Porsche engines in the 1960s. The 1971 Chevrolet Vega was the first true production automotive engine with a linerless hypereutectic aluminum cylinder bore as the wear surface. Despite the car’s reputation, the cylinder concept was ahead of its time. When properly finished, hypereutectic aluminum cylinder bores present a surface to the piston rings that is roughly equivalent to glass. The resulting engine has lower friction, excellent sealing, improved dimensional stability, improved heat dissipation, reduced weight, better recyclability, lower manufacturing cost and higher durability compared to the traditional aluminum block with cast iron cylinder liners. Aluminum Cylinder Evolution Since the first time gasoline burned and forced a piston down a cylinder, aluminum has been the metal of choice when light weight was the most critical requirement for an internal combustion engine. This is as true today as it was in 1902 when the Wright Brothers were unable to purchase a suitable commercial engine for their experimental airplane and instead built their own, casting the aluminum block. Automotive OEMs seized upon aluminum for the same reason and found manufacturing advantages, too, in that it is less costly to cast and easier to machine. -
Metallurgical Abstracts (General and Non-Ferrous)
METALLURGICAL ABSTRACTS (GENERAL AND NON-FERROUS) Volume 1 JUNE 1934 Part 6 I.—PROPERTIES OF METALS (Continued from pp. 225-230.) ♦Change in Properties of Deformed Polycrystalline [Aluminium] During Recovery [Erholung]. M. O. Kornfeld (Zhumal eksperimentalnoy i teoreti- cheskoy Fiziki (Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics), 1933, 3, (6), 563-566).—[In Russian.] Annealing of deformed polycrystalline aluminium in the region of “ pure recovery ” does not restore the original properties. The processes which take place during recovery lead to a highly stable con dition characterized by a yield-point higher than that of the original material due to the residual distortion of the lattice after recovery. Laue photo grams indicate that during recovery there is no noticeable shift in the boundaries between grains. It may therefore be concluded that any change in properties during recovery is determined mainly by processes taking place within the grain.—N. A. ♦On the Question of the Allotropic Transition of Bismuth at 75° C. Shin Tchi Aoyama and Gohei Monna (Sci. Rep. Tdhoku Imp. Univ., 1934, [i], 23, 52-61 [in English] ; and Kinzoku no Kenkyu, 1934, 11, 203-209 [in Japanese]). —Investigations by means of thermal analysis, thermal expansion, thermo- electromotive force, and oil dilatometry, indicate that the alleged allotropic transition of bismuth at 75° C. does not exist.—E. S. H. Preparation and Properties of Cadmium. Edmund T. Richards (Metall- borse, 1934, 24, 242-243).-—A review.—A. R. P. ♦The Electrolytic Valve Action of Columbium and Tantalum on A.C. Circuits. D. F. Calhane and A. J. Laliberte (Electrochem. Soc. Preprint, 1934, (April), 287-293).—Oscillograph records are given showing the film behaviour of tantalum and columbium in dilute sulphuric acid on a.c. -
Research of Combined Rolling-Extrusion Process for Production of Long Deformed Semi-Finished Products from Aluminium Alloys of Various Alloying Systems
RESEARCH OF COMBINED ROLLING-EXTRUSION PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF LONG DEFORMED SEMI-FINISHED PRODUCTS FROM ALUMINIUM ALLOYS OF VARIOUS ALLOYING SYSTEMS TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. CURRENT STATUS AND DEVELOPMENT TRENDS OF TECHNOLOGIES AND EQUIPMENT FOR COMBINED PROCESSING OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS 1.1. METHODS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR CONTINUOUS PROCESSING OF ALUMINIUM ALLOYS 1.2 ANALYSIS OF RESEARCH RESULTS FOR IDENTIFICATION OF DEFORMATION AND POWER PARAMETERS IN COMBINATION OF ROLLING AND EXTRUSION 1.3 SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR RESEARCH 1.4. CONCLUSIONS AND SETTING OF OBJECTIVES 2. SIMULATION AND ANALYTICAL STUDIES OF COMBINED ROLLING- EXTRUSION OF ALLUMINIUM ALLOYS 2.1. SIMULATION OF COMBINED ROLLING-EXTRUSION PROCESS 2.2. RESEARCH OF GEOMETRICAL SHAPE OF DEFORMATION ZONE AND FEASIBILITY OF ROLLING-EXTRUSION PROCESS 2.3. CHARACTERIZATION OF RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF EXPERIMENTAL ALUMINIUM ALLOYS 2.4. CALCULATION OF POWER PARAMETERS OF ROLLING-EXTRUSION 3. EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF COMBINED ROLLING-EXTRUSION PROCESS 3.1 DESCRIPTION OF EQUIPMENT AND METHODS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH 3.2. RESULTS OF EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH AND THEIR ANALYSIS 3.3. RESEARCH OF STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES OF PRODUCTS MADE BY CRE (COMBINED ROLLING-EXTRUSION) METHOD OF EXPERIMENTAL ALLOYS 3.4. PRACTICAL APPLICATION OF RESEARCH RESULTS CONCLUSION REFERENCE LIST 2 INTRODUCTION High production volumes of long-length deformed semi-finished products of relatively small cross-section made of aluminum and its alloys (wire rods, bars and wire) have conditioned the creation of new technologies of combined processing with the use of continuous methods of casting and basic metal-forming operations which for production of the above-mentioned products are advisable to be applied as rolling and extrusion [1-4]. -
Engine Blocks
Applications – Power train – Engine blocks Table of Contents 2 Engine blocks ......................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................... 2 2.2 Requirements for aluminium engine blocks..................................................................... 4 2.3 Design features................................................................................................................ 6 2.3.1 Basic engine concept ................................................................................................ 6 2.3.2 Bolting concept.......................................................................................................... 8 2.3.3 Open and closed deck concepts ............................................................................... 9 2.4 Pre-cast features and add-on parts ................................................................................. 9 2.5 Cast-in inserts ................................................................................................................ 11 2.6 Criteria for alloy selection............................................................................................... 13 2.7 Alloys: Composition and heat treatment ........................................................................ 14 2.8 Applicable casting processes........................................................................................ -
Determining Features of Application of Functional
Materials Science UDC 621.793:621.357.7 Проаналізовано підходи щодо застосуван- DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2019.171787 ня електрохімічних покривів в технологіях поверхневої обробки. Показано, що спрямова- не модифікування поверхні дозволяє розшири- DETERMINING FEATURES ти функціональні властивості оброблюваного матеріалу, зокрема підвищити показники міц- OF APPLICATION ності, зносостійкості, корозійної тривкості, каталітичної активності. OF FUNCTIONAL Запропоновано спосіб поверхневої обробки нелегованих сталей та чавунів шляхом фор- ELECTROCHEMICAL мування тонкоплівкових покривів тернарни- ми сплавами заліза та кобальту з молібденом COATINGS IN і вольфрамом. Показано, що введення туго- плавких металів до 37 ат. % в поверхневий шар призводить до зміни фазової структури TECHNOLOGIES OF покриття. Виявлено, що це забезпечує підви- щення зносостійкості на 40 %, мікротвердості SURFACE TREATMENT у 2,5–3,5 рази, а також зменшення коефіцієн- ту тертя в 3–4 рази порівняно з матеріалом A. Karakurkchi підкладки. Сформовані матеріали можуть PhD, Senior Researcher бути використані для зміцнення і захисту Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry* поверхонь в різних галузях промисловості. E-mail: [email protected] Для модифікування поверхні поршневих M. Sakhnenko силумінів запропоновано використовувати ме- Doctor of Technical Sciences, тод плазмово-електролітичного оксидуван- Professor, Head of Department ня із формуванням керамікоподібних покривів. Department of Physical Chemistry* Показано, що в гальваностатичному режимі M. Ved із лужних розчинів електролітів, що містять Doctor of Technical Sciences, Professor солі мангану та кобальту, можливо одержу- Department of General and Inorganic Chemistry* вати рівномірні щільні з високою адгезією до основного металу оксидні покриви, допова- I. Yermolenko ні каталітичними компонентами, вміст яких Doctor of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher варіюється в межах 25–35 ат. %. Показано, що Research Laboratory* морфологія та фазова структура поверхневих S. -
Reconditioning of Aluminium Engines Contents
Reconditioning of Aluminium Engines Contents Page Chapter 1: General 3 1.1 Reasons for using aluminium cylinder blocks 3 1.2 Known brands of aluminium alloys for cylinder blocks 3 1.3 Vehicles/engines with aluminium cylinder blocks 3 1.4 Design details 3 1.5 Composite materials for cylinder liners. Aluminium/ cast iron 4 1.6 Use of Cr-coated piston rings 4 1.7 KS cylinder liners for Alusil engines 4 Chapter 2: Reconditioning an Alusil®cylinder block 5 2.1 Preparatory machining of the cylinder block 5 2.2 Installation of the Alusil 6 cylinder liner 2.2.1 Installation with dry ice 6 2.2.2 Installation with liquid nitrogen 6 2.2.3 Preheating of the cylinder block 6 2.2.4 Fitting the cylinder liner 7 2.3 Planing of the cylinder block 7 2.4 Prehoning, finish honing, polishing 8 2.5 Silicon lapping 8 2.6 Tables 9 Chapter 3: Reconditioning a Lokasil cylinder block based on the example of the Porsche Boxster engine 14 Chapter 4: Reconditioning the threads for the cylinder head bolts 16 Chapter 1: General 1.1 Reasons for using alumin- 1.3 Vehicles/engines with alu- 1.4 Design details ium engine blocks minium cylinder blocks Alusil: It has always been a challenge • Alusil base material is expensi- for engine designers to make, GALNIKAL / NIKASIL ve and difficult to machine due besides cylinder heads and pis- to the high silicon content tons, the entire cylinder block BMW • Boring the cylinder block is from aluminium without addition- 2.0 Litre 6 cylinders possible al cylinder liners or surface rein- 2.5 Litre 6 cylinders M52 • Oversized pistons are availa- forcements. -
Fatiga De Aleaciones De Aluminio Aeronáutico Con Nuevos Tipos De Anodizado De Bajo Impacto Ambiental Y Varios Espesores De Recubrimiento
UNIVERSIDADE DA CORUÑA ESCUELA TÉCNICA SUPERIOR DE INGENIEROS DE CAMINOS, CANALES Y PUERTOS DEPARTAMENTO DE MÉTODOS MATEMÁTICOS Y REPRESENTACIÓN DOCTORADO EN INGENIERÍA CIVIL FATIGA DE ALEACIONES DE ALUMINIO AERONÁUTICO CON NUEVOS TIPOS DE ANODIZADO DE BAJO IMPACTO AMBIENTAL Y VARIOS ESPESORES DE RECUBRIMIENTO REALIZADA POR Leidy Janeth Ramirez Medina DIRIGIDA POR Dra. Mar Toledano Prados A Coruña, Junio, 2010 Tesis Doctoral FATIGA DE ALEACIONES DE ALUMINIO AERONÁUTICO CON NUEVOS TIPOS DE ANODIZADO DE BAJO IMPACTO AMBIENTAL Y VARIOS ESPESORES DE RECUBRIMIENTO Autora Leidy Janeth Ramirez Medina Directora Mar Toledano Prados A Coruña, 2010 A mi familia por su apoyo. A Mar Toledano por su atención y confianza. Indice INDICE Agradecimientos CAPÍTULO I. INTRODUCCIÓN 1 1.1 Motivación 3 1.2 Objetivos 5 1.3 Estructura de la tesis 6 CAPÍTULO II. FUNDAMENTOS TEÓRICOS 9 2.1 Aleaciones de aluminio de alta resistencia en estructuras aeronáuticas 11 2.1.1 Características generales 11 2.1.2 Aleación de aluminio AA7075-T6 12 2.1.2.1 Composición y características metalúrgicas 12 2.1.2.2 Propiedades mecánicas y resistencia a la corrosión 13 2.2 Tratamiento superficial de anodizado 14 2.2.1 Corrosión del aluminio 14 2.2.2 Proceso de anodizado 15 2.2.3 Riesgos medioambientales en el anodizado 19 2.2.4 Estructura y propiedades de los recubrimientos anódicos 21 2.2.4.1 Mecanismo de formación de las películas anódicas porosas 21 2.2.5 Interfase metal-recubrimiento 23 2.2.6 Influencia de las partículas de segunda fase en el recubrimiento 24 2.2.7 Defectos en -
Government Gazette Staatskoerant REPUBLIC of SOUTH AFRICA REPUBLIEK VAN SUID AFRIKA
Government Gazette Staatskoerant REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA REPUBLIEK VAN SUID AFRIKA Regulation Gazette No. 10177 Regulasiekoerant March Vol. 633 29 2018 No. 41534 Maart PART 1 OF 6 ISSN 1682-5843 N.B. The Government Printing Works will 41534 not be held responsible for the quality of “Hard Copies” or “Electronic Files” submitted for publication purposes 9 771682 584003 AIDS HELPLINE: 0800-0123-22 Prevention is the cure STAATSKOERANT, 29 MAART 2018 No. 41534 65 List of designated employers who reported for the 01 September 2017 reporting cycle Description of terms: No: This represents sequential numbering of designated employers and bears no relation to an employer. (The list consists of 6069 large employers and 21094 small employers). Business name: This is the name of the designated employer who reported Status code: 0 means no query. EE Reference Number: This is the reference number of all employers who reported successfully. No Business Name Status Code EE Ref No: 1 0307 FILMS (PTY) LTD 0 821489 2 08600PLUMBER 0 817804 3 08XCONNECT COM 0 822716 4 1 UP DESIGN (PTY) LTD 0 813173 5 1 WAY 0 790271 6 1000 HILLS SPAR 0 786733 7 10X INVESTMENTS (PTY) LTD 0 817048 8 123 CONSULTING (PTY)LTD 0 823025 9 15 ON ORANGE HOTEL 0 813019 10 180 DEGREE DIGITAL PRINT CC 0 815011 11 180 DEGREES DONE TO PERFECTION 0 824828 12 1KZNTV 0 820196 13 1ST CONTACT MONEY 0 819272 14 1ST CONTACT SERVICES CC 0 141174 15 2 CANA SOLUTIONS PTY LTD 0 523173 16 2 RIVER BOERDERY 0 820222 17 2016223694 SOUTH AFRICA (PTY) LTD 0 824533 18 21ST CENTURY PAY SOLUTIONS COMPANY