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Oral Literature in Africa
Oral Literature in Africa Ruth Finnegan Publisher: Open Book Publishers Year of publication: 2012 Published on OpenEdition Books: 7 February 2014 Series: World Oral Literature Series Electronic EAN: 9781906924720 http://books.openedition.org Printed version EAN (Print version): 9781906924713 Number of pages: 568 Electronic reference FINNEGAN, Ruth. Oral Literature in Africa. New edition [online]. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers, 2012 (generated 21 septembre 2021). Available on the Internet: <http://books.openedition.org/obp/1154>. ISBN: 9781906924720. © Open Book Publishers, 2012 Creative Commons - Attribution 3.0 Unported - CC BY 3.0 ORAL LITERATURE IN AFRICA The poet DLP Yali-Manisi in traditional garb with staff (courtesy Jeff Opland). World Oral Literature Series: Volume 1 ORAL LITERATURE IN AFRICA Ruth Finnegan https://www.openbookpublishers.com © 2012 Ruth Finnegan. Forward © 2012 Mark Turin. Version 1.2. Minor edits made, February 2016. This book is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported license (CC-BY 3.0). This license allows you to share, copy, distribute and transmit the work; to adapt the work and to make commercial use of it providing attribution is made to the author (but not in any way that suggests that she or he endorses you or your use of the work). Attribution should include the following information: Ruth Finnegan, Oral Literature in Africa. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2012. http:// dx.doi.org/10.11647/OBP.0025 In order to access detailed and updated information on the license, please visit -
Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics &A
Online Appendix for Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue (2014) Some Principles of the Use of Macro-Areas Language Dynamics & Change Harald Hammarstr¨om& Mark Donohue The following document lists the languages of the world and their as- signment to the macro-areas described in the main body of the paper as well as the WALS macro-area for languages featured in the WALS 2005 edi- tion. 7160 languages are included, which represent all languages for which we had coordinates available1. Every language is given with its ISO-639-3 code (if it has one) for proper identification. The mapping between WALS languages and ISO-codes was done by using the mapping downloadable from the 2011 online WALS edition2 (because a number of errors in the mapping were corrected for the 2011 edition). 38 WALS languages are not given an ISO-code in the 2011 mapping, 36 of these have been assigned their appropri- ate iso-code based on the sources the WALS lists for the respective language. This was not possible for Tasmanian (WALS-code: tsm) because the WALS mixes data from very different Tasmanian languages and for Kualan (WALS- code: kua) because no source is given. 17 WALS-languages were assigned ISO-codes which have subsequently been retired { these have been assigned their appropriate updated ISO-code. In many cases, a WALS-language is mapped to several ISO-codes. As this has no bearing for the assignment to macro-areas, multiple mappings have been retained. 1There are another couple of hundred languages which are attested but for which our database currently lacks coordinates. -
Re-Awakening Languages: Theory and Practice in the Revitalisation Of
RE-AWAKENING LANGUAGES Theory and practice in the revitalisation of Australia’s Indigenous languages Edited by John Hobson, Kevin Lowe, Susan Poetsch and Michael Walsh Copyright Published 2010 by Sydney University Press SYDNEY UNIVERSITY PRESS University of Sydney Library sydney.edu.au/sup © John Hobson, Kevin Lowe, Susan Poetsch & Michael Walsh 2010 © Individual contributors 2010 © Sydney University Press 2010 Reproduction and Communication for other purposes Except as permitted under the Act, no part of this edition may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or communicated in any form or by any means without prior written permission. All requests for reproduction or communication should be made to Sydney University Press at the address below: Sydney University Press Fisher Library F03 University of Sydney NSW 2006 AUSTRALIA Email: [email protected] Readers are advised that protocols can exist in Indigenous Australian communities against speaking names and displaying images of the deceased. Please check with local Indigenous Elders before using this publication in their communities. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Title: Re-awakening languages: theory and practice in the revitalisation of Australia’s Indigenous languages / edited by John Hobson … [et al.] ISBN: 9781920899554 (pbk.) Notes: Includes bibliographical references and index. Subjects: Aboriginal Australians--Languages--Revival. Australian languages--Social aspects. Language obsolescence--Australia. Language revival--Australia. iv Copyright Language planning--Australia. Other Authors/Contributors: Hobson, John Robert, 1958- Lowe, Kevin Connolly, 1952- Poetsch, Susan Patricia, 1966- Walsh, Michael James, 1948- Dewey Number: 499.15 Cover image: ‘Wiradjuri Water Symbols 1’, drawing by Lynette Riley. Water symbols represent a foundation requirement for all to be sustainable in their environment. -
•Chadic Classification Master
Paul Newman 2013 ò ê ž ŋ The Chadic Language Family: ɮ Classification and Name Index ɓ ō ƙ Electronic Publication © Paul Newman This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License CC BY-NC Mega-Chad Research Network / Réseau Méga-Tchad http://lah.soas.ac.uk/projects/megachad/misc.html http://lah.soas.ac.uk/projects/megachad/divers.html The Chadic Language Family: Classification and Name Index Paul Newman I. CHADIC LANGUAGE CLASSIFICATION Chadic, which is a constituent member of the Afroasiatic phylum, is a family of approximately 170 languages spoken in Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, and Niger. The classification presented here is based on the one published some twenty-five years ago in my Nominal and Verbal Plurality in Chadic, pp. 1–5 (Dordrecht: Foris Publications, 1990). This current paper contains corrections and updates reflecting the considerable amount of empirical research on Chadic languages done since that time. The structure of the classification is as follows. Within Chadic the first division is into four coordinate branches, indicated by Roman numerals: I. West Chadic Branch (W-C); II. Biu-Mandara Branch (B-M), also commonly referred to as Central Chadic; III. East Chadic Branch (E-C); and IV. Masa Branch (M-S). Below the branches are unnamed sub-branches, indicated by capital letters: A, B, C. At the next level are named groups, indicated by Arabic numerals: 1, 2.... With some, but not all, groups, subgroups are distinguished, these being indicated by lower case letters: a, b…. Thus Miya, for example, is classified as I.B.2.a, which is to say that it belongs to West Chadic (I), to the B sub-branch of West Chadic, to the Warji group (2), and to the (a) subgroup within that group, which consists of Warji, Diri, etc., whereas Daba, for example, is classified as II.A.7, that is, it belongs to Biu-Mandara (II), to the A sub-branch of Biu-Mandara, and within Biu-Mandara to the Daba group (7). -
Endangered Languages and Languages in Danger IMPACT: Studies in Language and Society Issn 1385-7908
IMPACT Endangered Languages studies and Languages in Danger in language Issues of documentation, policy, and language rights and Luna F i l i p o v i ´c society Martin Pütz 42 JOHN BENJAMINS PUBLISHING COMPANY Endangered Languages and Languages in Danger IMPACT: Studies in Language and Society issn 1385-7908 IMPACT publishes monographs, collective volumes, and text books on topics in sociolinguistics. The scope of the series is broad, with special emphasis on areas such as language planning and language policies; language conflict and language death; language standards and language change; dialectology; diglossia; discourse studies; language and social identity (gender, ethnicity, class, ideology); and history and methods of sociolinguistics. For an overview of all books published in this series, please see http://benjamins.com/catalog/impact General Editors Ana Deumert Kristine Horner University of Cape Town University of Sheffield Advisory Board Peter Auer Marlis Hellinger University of Freiburg University of Frankfurt am Main Jan Blommaert Elizabeth Lanza Ghent University University of Oslo Annick De Houwer William Labov University of Erfurt University of Pennsylvania J. Joseph Errington Peter L. Patrick Yale University University of Essex Anna Maria Escobar Jeanine Treffers-Daller University of Illinois at Urbana University of the West of England Guus Extra Victor Webb Tilburg University University of Pretoria Volume 42 Endangered Languages and Languages in Danger. Issues of documentation, policy, and language rights Edited by Luna Filipović and Martin Pütz Endangered Languages and Languages in Danger Issues of documentation, policy, and language rights Edited by Luna Filipović University of East Anglia Martin Pütz University of Koblenz-Landau John Benjamins Publishing Company Amsterdam / Philadelphia TM The paper used in this publication meets the minimum requirements of 8 the American National Standard for Information Sciences – Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ansi z39.48-1984. -
Codes for the Representation of Names of Languages — Part 3: Alpha-3 Code for Comprehensive Coverage of Languages
© ISO 2003 — All rights reserved ISO TC 37/SC 2 N 292 Date: 2003-08-29 ISO/CD 639-3 ISO TC 37/SC 2/WG 1 Secretariat: ON Codes for the representation of names of languages — Part 3: Alpha-3 code for comprehensive coverage of languages Codes pour la représentation de noms de langues ― Partie 3: Code alpha-3 pour un traitement exhaustif des langues Warning This document is not an ISO International Standard. It is distributed for review and comment. It is subject to change without notice and may not be referred to as an International Standard. Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are aware and to provide supporting documentation. Document type: International Standard Document subtype: Document stage: (30) Committee Stage Document language: E C:\Documents and Settings\여동희\My Documents\작업파일\ISO\Korea_ISO_TC37\심의문서\심의중문서\SC2\N292_TC37_SC2_639-3 CD1 (E) (2003-08-29).doc STD Version 2.1 ISO/CD 639-3 Copyright notice This ISO document is a working draft or committee draft and is copyright-protected by ISO. While the reproduction of working drafts or committee drafts in any form for use by participants in the ISO standards development process is permitted without prior permission from ISO, neither this document nor any extract from it may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form for any other purpose without prior written permission from ISO. Requests for permission to reproduce this document for the purpose of selling it should be addressed as shown below or to ISO's member body in the country of the requester: [Indicate the full address, telephone number, fax number, telex number, and electronic mail address, as appropriate, of the Copyright Manger of the ISO member body responsible for the secretariat of the TC or SC within the framework of which the working document has been prepared.] Reproduction for sales purposes may be subject to royalty payments or a licensing agreement. -
An Atlas of Nigerian Languages
AN ATLAS OF NIGERIAN LANGUAGES Roger Blench May be freely quoted but please acknowledge source 2020 Edition Roger Blench McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research University of Cambridge Correspondence to: 8, Guest Road Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/ Ans (00-44)-(0)1223-560687 Mobile worldwide (00-44)-(0)7847-495590 E-mail [email protected] http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm This version: 11 September 2020 i Atlas of Nigerian Languages 2019 edition Front mattter TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction............................................................................................................................................................i I. Changes to the structure of the Atlas ...............................................................................................................i 1. Form of the Head-Entries ................................................................................................................................i 2. Changes in the Language Map.........................................................................................................................i 2.1 From Numbers to Names...........................................................................................................................i 2.2 Addition of new languages ........................................................................................................................i 2.3 Addition and correction of topographic and institutional features ...........................................................ii -
An Introduction to Mantsi, a South Bauchi Language of Central Nigeria
An introduction to Mantsi, a South Bauchi language of Central Nigeria [DRAFT CIRCULATED FOR COMMENT -NOT FOR CITATION WITHOUT REFERENCE TO THE AUTHOR Roger Blench Michael Bulkaam McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research TCNN University of Cambridge Department of History, University of Jos Kay Williamson Educational Foundation 8, Guest Road Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/ Ans (00-44)-(0)1223-560687 Mobile worldwide (00-44)-(0)7847-495590 E-mail [email protected] http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm This printout: January 1, 2021 Introduction to Mantsi language Roger Blench & Michael Bulkaam TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Background ............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Existing literature.................................................................................................................................... 2 2. MANTSI PHONOLOGY ........................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Consonants .............................................................................................................................................. 2 2.2 Vowels.................................................................................................................................................... -
Christus Liberator Unit~D Study of Missions
CHRISTUS LIBERATOR UNIT~D STUDY OF MISSIONS. VIA CHRISTI. An Introduction to the Study of Missions. LoUISE MANNING HODGKINS. LUX CHRISTI. An Outline Study of India. CA.&OLINB ATW.ACI:E& MASO'I(. REX CHRISTUS. An Outline Study of China. ARTHUR H. SMITH. DUX CHRISTUS. An Outline Study of japan. WILLIAM ELLIOT GRIFFIS, CHRISTUS LIBERATOR. An Outline Study of Africa. ELLEN C. pARSONS. OTHER VOLUMES IN PREPARATION. AFRICA, 1905 2) 10 0 10 20 30 40 \ \ \ \ ' ' 0TEHERAN PERSIA :30 30 I 0 20 Rl~ l· l ~ l{l~ NCE NO'rE ·ro POLl'flCAL COL<.)Ul~ING -D Dritish Possessions D i: rench Ocern1an 30 D Portuguese LJ1tal1an Other States and ~00 D Possessions .,,, """ ~ailroacls !!ORWAY & CO.,H.Y. 20 10 Merid. of 0 Greenwich 10 20 30 40 50 CHRISTUS LIBERATOR AN OUTLINE STUDY OF AFRICA BY ELLEN C. PARSONS, M.A. INTRODUCTION BY SIR HARRY H. JOHNSTON, K.C.B. Ntin iarlt THE MACMILLAN COMPANY LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., LTD. 1906 ConBIGBT, 1905, BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY. Set up and electrotyped. Published July, •905· Reprinted January, tgo6. PUBLISHED FOR THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE ON THE UNITED STUDY OF MISSIONS. Notllloob llln•• J. 8. Ouehlng & Co.- Berwick & Smith Co. Norwood, Mass., U.S.A. STATEMENT OF THE CENTRAL COMMITTEE ON THE UNITED STUDY O.F MISSIONS INcREASING interest in the United Study Series and con tinued sales of the four volumes already issued assure a welcome for the fifth volume from an appreciative constitu ency. Since the publication of the first of the series in 1901, the sales of "Via Christi: An Introduction to the Study of Missions," of " Lux Christi : An Outline Study of India," " Rex Christus : An Outline Study of China," and "Dux Christus: An Outline Study of Japan," have amounted to a total of 194,000 copies. -
A Sociolinguistic Profile of the Jakattoe [Jrt] Language of Plateau State, Nigeria, with Reference to Jorto
DigitalResources Electronic Survey Report 2020-011 A Sociolinguistic Profile of the Jakattoe [jrt] Language of Plateau State, Nigeria, with Reference to Jorto Ken Decker, Adedamola Aregbesola, Fittokka Gobak, John Muniru, John Sacson, Christina Riepe, Samuel Eju A Sociolinguistic Profile of the Jakattoe [jrt] Language of Plateau State, Nigeria, with Reference to Jorto Ken Decker, Adedamola Aregbesola, Fittokka Gobak, John Muniru, John Sacson, Christina Riepe, Samuel Eju SIL International® 2020 SIL Electronic Survey Report 2020-011, August 2020 © 2020 SIL International® All rights reserved Data and materials collected by researchers in an era before documentation of permission was standardized may be included in this publication. SIL makes diligent efforts to identify and acknowledge sources and to obtain appropriate permissions wherever possible, acting in good faith and on the best information available at the time of publication. Abstract This report describes a sociolinguistic survey conducted among the Jakattoe-speaking communities in the town of Dokan Tofa in Shendam Local Government Area (LGA) of Plateau State, in central Nigeria. Jakattoe [jrt] is an A.3 language within the West Chadic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family (Eberhard et al. 2020a). We estimate the population of Jakattoe speakers to be 500, but the ethnic group may be larger. The goals of this research included gaining a better understanding of the role of Jakattoe and other languages in the lives of the Jakattoe people. Our data indicate that Jakattoe is spoken by a relatively small population living amidst populations of speakers of much larger language groups. Jakattoe language use is assessed as EGIDS level 6b and seems threatened. -
Missing Languages
Country Official Name Language Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Aimaq Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Ashkun Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Brahui Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Dari Persian Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Darwazi Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Domari Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Eastern Farsi Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Gawar-Bati Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Grangali Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Gujari Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Hazaragi Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Jakati Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Kamviri Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Karakalpak Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Kati Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Kazakh Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Kirghiz Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Malakhel Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Mogholi Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Munji Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Northeast Pashayi Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Northern Pashto Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Northwest Pashayi Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Ormuri Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Pahlavani Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Parachi Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Parya Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Prasuni Afghanistan Islamic Republic of Afghanistan -
An Atlas of Nigerian Languages
AN ATLAS OF NIGERIAN LANGUAGES Roger Blench May be freely quoted but please acknowledge source 3rd. Edition This version May 2011 Roger Blench Kay Williamson Educational Foundation 8, Guest Road Cambridge CB1 2AL United Kingdom Voice/Ans 0044-(0)1223-560687 Mobile worldwide (00-44)-(0)7967-696804 E-mail [email protected] http://www.rogerblench.info/RBOP.htm i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction .......................................................................................................................................................i 2. Definition of a Language...................................................................................................................................i 3. Form of the Head-Entries................................................................................................................................ii 4. Language and Ethnicity ...................................................................................................................................ii 5. Changes in the Language Map...................................................................................................................... iii 5.1 From Numbers to Names............................................................................................................................ iii 5.2 Addition of new languages......................................................................................................................... iii 6. Reclassification of Languages.......................................................................................................................