© Entomologica Fennica. 16 June 2006

Three new species of Docosia Winnertz (Diptera: ) from Kazakhstan

Olavi Kurina

Kurina, O. 2006: Three new species of Docosia Winnertz (Diptera: Myceto- philidae) from Kazakhstan. — Entomol. Fennica 17: 110—117.

Three new species from Sogety Mountains and Charyn Canyon (Kazakhstan), viz. Docosia selini sp. n., D. agnesiana sp. n. and D. sogetensis sp. n., are de- scribed and detailed illustrations of male terminalia presented. Morphological differences especially in male terminalia are discussed. A key to the Central Asian species ofDocosia is provided.

0. Kurina, Institute ongricultural andEnvironmental Sciences, Estonian Agri— cultural University, Riia st 181, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; E—mail.‘ [email protected] Received 13 April 2005, accepted 22 July 2005

1. Introduction Lastovka. Unfortunately the synopsis compiled by Dr. Lastovka comprising over 100 Holarctic In his monograph, Winnertz (1863) described a species, of which ca. 30 were European, still re- new genus, Docosia, to distinguish two species: mains unpublished (Chandler & Ribeiro 1995). D. sciarina (Meigen, 1830) and D. valida Win- After Dr. Lastovka recently deceased Jan §evcik nertz, 1863. The special review ofthe genus pub- (pers. comm.) will soon finish Lastovka’s revi- lished by Landrock (1916) includes seven spe- sion ofDocosia species of Czech and Slovak Re- cies. Hackman (1988) reported 16 species from publics. the Palaearctic region. Descriptions of ten West- Docosia belongs to the tribe Leiini and, as Palaearctic species have been published subse- suggested by earlier authors, is most closely re- quently by Plassmann (1986, 1996), Chandler lated to Tetragoneura Winnertz, 1846 (e. g. Ed- (1994), Chandler & Ribeiro (1995) and Chandler wards 1925). However, Tetragoneura together & Gatt (2000). In addition, the East-Mediterra- with Ectrepestlzoneura Enderline, 191 1 have ten- nean fauna includes at least three undescribed tatively been included in Gnoristini by Vaisanen species (P. J. Chandler, pers. comm.). Xu et al. (1986) who treated the tribe at the level of (2003) reported seven Docosia species from subfamily (i.e. Gnoristinae). Evidently, the southern and eastern China, siX ofwhich were de- higher and delimitation of Leiini scribed as new. According to Bechev (2000), would still require a detailed analysis. there are 15 species known in the Nearctic and The species ofDocosia are up to 5 mm in size, two in the Neotropical regions. Only Docosia mainly blackish with pale hairs and of uniform gilvipes (Walker, 1856) occurs in Central Asia appearance typical of Leiini. External characters (Zaitzev 1994). are variable but lateral ocelli are very close to eye The genus was particularly studied in the margins. All known species are characterized by 1970s and 1980s by Dr. P. Lastovka. Hutson et al. having male cerci with combs of retinacula. Leg (1980) noted that the Palaearctic species were be- colour especially that of coxae, bristling of ing revised in a forthcoming revision by Dr. laterotergite, and whether vein Sc ends free or in ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 17 0 Three new Docosia Speciesfrom Kazakhstan 11 1

~ ,

w" . W W

Fig. 1. Collecting localities. — a. Sogety Mountains. — b. Charyn Canyon.

R allow intrageneric grouping. Nevertheless, 2. Material and methods study ofmale terminalia is necessary for determi- nation of the species. The material, consisting of 20 male specimens, Not much is known about the biology of was collected using light traps that operated in the Docosia, but D. sciarina and D. gilvipes are my- Sogety Mountains (Fig. 1a) and at Charyn Can- cetophagous (Winnertz 1863, Yakovlev 1994), yon (Fig. 1b) east ofAlma-Ata, Kazakhstan. Both while the latter has also been found in a nest of localities are at an altitude of 1080 m, with habitat Microtus (Hutson et al. 1980). D. fumosa Ed- oftemperate steppe regime mountains. Along the wards, 1925 has been reared from the nests ofvar- river banks of Charyn Canyon, there is a narrow ious birds (op. cit). According to Landrock zone of deciduous trees with a moderate propor- (1916), they are common, sometimes numerous, tion of decaying wood. in forest habitats in early spring and late autumn. The specimens are dry-pinned on micropins. In 2004, Mr. Allan Selin (Tallinn, Estonia) For all specimens, the terminalia were detached sent me material picked out from and heated in a solution of KOH, followed by light-trap samples he had collected in Kazakhstan neutralization in acetic acid and washing in dis- in 2003. The primary aim ofthe expedition was to tilled water. The terminalia were placed into glyc- collect moths, but besides Lepidoptera a compre- erine for detailed study and later preserved as hensive material ofmany other groups was glycerine preparations in small vials on the same collected. Docosia specimens were well repre- pin as the rest ofthe body. The morphological ter- sented in the small amount of Sciaroids; these minology used follows that of Seli (1997). All catches resulted in this communication. How- measurements are given as the range ofmeasured ever, light trapping is not an efficient method for specimens, followed by the mean value when at collecting fungus gnats, as it works selectively. least five specimens were measured. The mea- The finding of Docosia specimens in that mate- surements from holotype are given in square rial was unexpected, as only D. moravica Land- brackets. rock has so far been light-trapped in the boreal re- All holotypes and part ofthe paratypes are de- gion of Sweden (Plassmann 1980). posited in IZBE — Instutute of Agricultural and Enviromental Sciences, Estonian Agricultural University, Tartu, Estonia [former Institute of Zoology and Botany]. Nearly half of the para- types are deposited in A. Selin’s personal collec- tion (Tallinn, Estonia), indicated “Coll. Selin”. l l 2 Karina r ENTOMQL. FENNICA Vol. 17

.... l. .. 3’:telif: ll‘lli/ii5...: _ :1? iii iiiiiiiiljji 52i1

Fig. 2. Main terminalia of Docosia salini sp. n.

-- a. Posterior View of gonocoxites and gonostyli. —-- b. Ventral View of gonocoxal mar-— gin and gonostylus.

—-- 0. Carol. —-- d. flotsal View of torgita 9.

—-- 9. Lateral View of aadeagal complex.

—-- f. Ventral View of aadeagal complex. Sonia bars 0.1 mm.

3. The systematics wise stated). Wing length 3.04—3.46. 3.22 [3.4-6] mm (m 3 l0). 3.l. fiocosia salini sp. n. (Fifi. 2-) l-lead black with numerous pale setae. Three ocelli. with laterals close to eye margins. Clypeus Type material. Holotype 6‘. Charyn Canyon. blackish. with setae pale. Mouthparts light 430179503” N 7780589427” E. l080 tn a.s.l.. A. brownish. Palpus with first segment brownish. Selin leg. l8.V.2003 [lZBE]. Paratypes. 2 88. second yellow and others pale yellow. Scape same as holotype; l 6‘. Charyn Valley. black. pedicel apically yellowish. first flagello— 43073564” N 780583426” E. l080 m a.S.l.. A. mere yellow. successive segments brown. Pototski & U. .l‘iiriyete leg. 18.V.2003. 5 00?. Flagellum with short pale setae. Flagellomeres Sogety Mics... 43029’55.8” N 78037’i10.3” E. cylindrical. median flagellomeres about twice as 1080 m as]... A. Selin leg. l3.V.2003; 2 88. long as broad. apical. flagellomere elongated. Sogety Mts.. 43029558” N 78037’103” E. 2.78—3.38. 3.12 [3.38] times as long as broad. 1080 In a.s.l.. A. Selin leg. 20.V.2003. [4 Thorax brownish black to black. All bristles paratypes in lZBE. 6 paratypes in “Coll. Selini’l. and setae yellowish white. Scutum grey dusted. Description. Male (r1: 3 5. except where other- Scutellum with marginal bristles including no ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 17 ° Three new Docosia Speciesfrom Kazakhstan 113 distinct pairs and with numerous setae. 3.2. Docosia agnesiana sp. n. (Fig. 3) Antepronotum and proepistemum with bristles and setae. Upper part of antepronotum with Type material. Holotype 8, Sogety Mts., strong bristle crossing the head. Laterotergite and 43°29’55.8” N 78°37’10.3” E, 1080 m a.s.l., A. other pleural parts bare. Halteres pale yellow. Selin leg. 13.V.2003 [IZBE]. Paratypes. 4 88, Legs. Coxae and femora yellow. Tibiae and same as holotype; 1 8, Sogety Mts., 43°29’56.2” basitarsi brownish, successive tarsal segments N 78°37’10.2” E, 1080 m a.s.l., A. Selin leg. brown. Mid tibia with 4—5 a, 1 ad (at apical mar- 13.V.2003; 1 8, Sogety Mts., 43°29’55.8” N gin), 6 d and 5 pd. Hind tibia with 17—18 a, 18 d, 78°37’10.3” E, 1080 m a.s.l., A. Selin leg. and 1 ad and av (both near apical margin). Ratio 20.V.2003. [2 paratypes in IZBE, 4 paratypes in offemur to tibia for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.17— “Coll. Selin”]. 1.34, 1.26 [1.17]; 1.00—1.07, 1.05 [1.05]; 0.74— Description. Male (n = 5, except where other- 0.86, 0.81 [0.81]. Ratio of tibia to basitarsus for wise stated). Length of wing 2.68—3.25, 3.02 fore, mid and hind legs: 1.04—1.33, 1.20 [1.15]; [3.25] m (n = 7). 1.37—1.48, 1.43 [1.37]; 1.77—2.07, 1.89 [1.77]. Head black with numerous pale setae. Three Wings hyaline. Radial veins and r-m brown, ocelli, with laterals close to eye margins. Clypeus other veins paler while m—stem and medial fork blackish, with setae pale. Mouthparts brownish. basally very faint. Sc, R4, bM-Cu, m—stem, basal Palpus with first segment brownish, second half of cu—stem, basal third of A1 asetose, other slightly lighter and others yellow. Antenna veins setose. Costa reaches 0.33—0.44, 0.39 brown with yellowish hairs not longer than half a [0.44] from R5 to M1. Sc distinctly ends in R, a lit- segment’s width. Flagellomeres cylindrical, me- tle before the level ofbeginning ofm—stem. Ante- dian flagellomeres about 1.5 times as long as rior fork at level of R Posterior fork be- 2.3 8— begins 4. broad, apical flagellomere slightly conical, gins before anterior fork at level ofmiddle ofr—m. 2.71, 2.59 [2.70] times as long as broad basally. R1 2.19—2.80, 2.47 [2.19] times as long as r-m, Thorax entirely black. All bristles and setae which is as long as m—stem. yellowish white. Scutum grey dusted. Scutellum Abdomen entirely black with pale setae. with one pair of strong and several much weaker Terminalia (Fig. 2) brown except lighter gono- bristles along posterior margin, and with numer- styli. Tergite 9 widening apically. Gonocoxite ous setae. Antepronotum with one strong bristle with ventromedial process, which has an apical on upper part crossing the head, and with several depression. Gonostylus with long black subapical weaker bristles and setae. Proepistemum with spine, about halfgonostylus length, and with two bristles and setae, laterotergite with setae, other much shorter black subapical and subbasal pleural parts bare. Halteres pale yellow. spines. Cerci with 11 combs of retinacula. Legs mainly yellow. Fore coxa somewhat Female. Unknown. darkened basally, while mid and hind coxae are Biology. Unknown. distinctly brownish basally. Hind femur some- Etymology. The species is named after Mr. what darkened apically. All basitarsi yellow, Allan Selin, collector ofmost ofthe material dealt slightly darkened apically, all other tarsal seg- with in the present paper: genitive form ments brown. Mid tibia with 6—8 a, 1 ad (at apical Notes. The gonostylus of the new species re- margin), 4—5 (1. Hind tibia with 12—14 a and 14— sembles that ofD. nigra andD. agnesiana, except 19 (1. Ratio offemur to tibia for fore, mid and hind that it has an additional black subapical spine. D. legs: 1.15—1.47, 1.28 [1.29]; 1.10—1.22, 1.14 selini differs remarkably in the distal ventral mar- [1.10]; 0.77—0.87, 0.82 [0.83]. Ratio of tibia to gin of the gonocoxites which has a tapered pro- basitarsus for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.30—1.50, cess in D. nigra and a flange in D. agnesiana (see 1.41 [1.50]; 1.35—1.51, 1.43 [1.46]; 1.66—1.90, also discussion under D. agnesiana). 1.78 [1.70]. Wings hyaline. Radial veins and r-m brown, other veins paler while m—stem and medial fork are basally very faint. Sc, R4, bM-Cu, m—stem, basal third of cu-stem, basal half of A1 asetose, H4 Karina a FENNICA Vol. l7

Fig. 3. terminaiia of Docosia agnesiana sp. n. -—-- a. Posterior View of gonocoxites and gonostyii. m- b. Ventral View of gonocoxal mar-- gin and gonostyius.

-- c. Cami. —— d. Dorsal View of tergite 9.

~— 9. Lateral View of aedeagal complex.

-—-— f. Ventral View of aedeagal complex. Scale bars 0.”? mm.

other veins setose. Costa reaches quarter distance from to Sc ends in at level of OWE. R5 1. distinctly 0f mustem. Anterior fork begins at EWmoiogy. According to the collector” 8 Wish. level ofmiddle oft-mm. Posterior fork begins a lit- the species is named in honour ofhis wife Agnes tle before anterior fork. Rl 2.08—2.67. 2.46 {2.08} to appreciate her understanding attitude toward times as long as rum. which is l.l3-———l.6l. 1:42 several longtime collecting expeditions around [1.57] times as long as m—stem. the world: adjective. Abdomen entirely black. Te (Fig. 3) Notes. The 0f the new species rem brown except yellow gonostyli. Tergite 9 semble D. mgm Landmck. 1928., While they have rounded apically. Gonocoxites ventrally with very similar stmcmre of the gonostyli [for D. somewhat emarginated distal flange which bears nigm see Landmck (1928): figure 3. and Zaitzev numerous short, strong setae. Gonostylus api- (1994-): plate 8L figure l0} However. D. mgm cally rounded, with subapical black long spine has latemtergite bare. gonocoxi’tes with tapered about one third of gonostylus length. and with ventmmedial process and cerci with l0 combs of subbasal additional. lobe bearing short black retinacula. spine. Cerci with 8 combs of retinacula. Three new Docosia speciesflom Kazakhstan 115

Fig. 4. aie terminaiia of Docosia sogei'ensis Sp.

n. --- a. Posterior View of gonocoxites and gonostyii. -—-- b. Ventral View of gonocoxai mar—:- gin and gonostyius.

~— 0. card. -- d. Dorsai View of tergite 9.

~— 9. Lateral View of aedeagal complex.

-- f. Ventral View of aedeagal complex. Scale bars 0.1 mm.

3.3.. mgetensis u n. ' 4) with one pair of strong and. several much weaker marginal bristles, and with numerous setae. Type material. Holotype 3 Sogety ts... Antepmnotum with one strong bristle on upper 430’29 558”N 7837103”E alt 1080 m A part, across the head and with several much Selim leg. 13.. V. 2003 HZBE]; Paratype. 8, as weaker bristles and setac. Pmepistemum with holotype except 20. V. 2003 [”C011. Selim? bristles and setae. latemtergite with setae. other Description. (n E 2). Wing length 2.73"— pleural parts bare. alteres yellow. 2 86 [2 86] Legs. AH. coxae blackish brown. only mid cad black with numerous pale setae Three coxa slightly lighter apically. Femora yellow ocefli, with laterals close to eye margins. Clypeus with underside somewhat darkened and hind fe— blackish. with setae pale. outhparts yellowish-=- mur brownish apically Tibiae and spurs yellow brown. Palpus coloured as mouthparts. except Tarsi brown with basitarsi yellowish basally id apical segment lighter. Ante a brown with short tibia with 5 a, 5 d, 3 p (at apical margin). 5 pv. yellowish setae. Flagellomeres cylindrical, men- Hind tibia with 13 a. 16 d and 4- aV. Ratio offemur dian flagellomeres about 1.8 times as long as to tibia for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.24-4.35 broad, apical flagellomere slightly elongated. two [1.35]; 1.11————1.32 [1.32]; O.81-———0.87 [0.81]. times as long as broad. 0f tibia to first tarsomere for fore. mid and hind. Thorax entirely black. AH bristles and setae legs: 1.36 {1.36}; 1.22—4.44 [1.22]; 1.74-———-1.77 yellowish White. Scutum grey dusted... Scuteflum £1.74]. 116 Kurt'na ' ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 17

Wings hyaline. Radial veins brown, r-m — Laterotergite bare; coxae yellow or only somewhat other veins R bM- darkened 3 lighter, paler. Sc, 4, slightly basally Cu, m—stem, basal third of cu—stem bare, other 3. Terminalia as in Fig. 2a—f; gonocoxites with veins setose. Costa reaches a quarter distance ventromedial apically depressed projection; from R5 to M1. Sc distinctly ends in R, at level of gonostylus with three spines; cerci with 11 beginning ofapical third ofbM-Cu. Anterior fork combs D. selz'ni sp. n.

at level of R Posterior fork — Terminalia as in begins 4. begins oppo- Fig. 3a—f; gonocoxites site level of anterior fork. R1 2.64—2.95 [2.95] without ventromedial projection but flange times as long as r-m, which is equal to length of bearing short strong setae; gonostylus with m—stem. two spines; cerci with 8 combs Abdomen entirely black. Terminalia (Fig. 4) D. agnesiana sp. n. mainly brownish. Distal margin of gonocoxites ventrally wavy, with sclerotized finger-like me- Acknowledgements. I thank Mr. Allan Selin (Tallinn, Esto- nia) for putting the material ofNematocera he collected in dian process and yellowish lateral processes bear- Kazakhstan at my disposal, and Jan Sevcik (Opava, Czech ing four spines. Gonostylus bifid, narrower ven- Republic) for loan ofD. nigra material. I also thank Peter tral lobe while wider dorsal lobe is yellowish Chandler (Melksham, United Kingdom), who allowed me brownish and with three-pronged sclerotized to take a look at his review (with Dimitar Bechev and apex. Tergite 9 about as long as wide, slightly an- Norbert Caspers) of the East Mediterranean fungus gnats gular apically. Cerci with 5 combs of retinacula. prior to publication, and for critical perusal of the manu- The was Grant 4990 Female. Unknown. script. study financially suppOIted by of the Estonian Science Foundation. Biology. Unknown. Etymology. The name refers to the occurrence ofthe in the So Mountains: species gety adjective. References Notes. The new species resembles D. lastovkai Chandler, 1994 and D. melz'ta Chandler Bechev, D. 2000: World distribution of the genera of film— & 2000 in the bifid The dorsal Gatt, gonostylus. gus gnats (Diptera: Sciaroidea, excluding Sciaridae). lobe of the gonostylus is apically rounded in the 7 Studia Dipterol. 7: 5437552. described species while it is apically three- Chandler, P. J. 1994: Fungus gnats ofIsrael (Diptera: Scia- pronged in D. sogetensz's [see Chandler (1994): roidea, excluding Sciaridae). 7 Isr. J. Entomol. 28: 17 100. figure 84 for D. lastovkai and Chandler & Gatt Chandler P. J. & Ribeiro, E. 1995: The Sciaroidea (Dip— 8 for D. The male cerci are (2000): figure melz'ta]. tera) (excluding Sciaridae) ofthe Atlantic Islands (Ca- with 5 combs ofretinacula in D. while 7 sogetensis, nary Islands, Madeira and the Azores). Bolm. Mus. they are with 6 and 8 combs in D. lastovkai andD. Munic. Funchal (Hist. Nat), Suppl. No. 3: 17170. melita, respectively. The new species has three Chandler, P. J. & Gatt, P. 2000: Fungus gnats (Diptera: and processes on the distal margin ofthe gonocoxites Bolitophilidae, Keroplatidae Mycetophilidae) from the Maltese islands. 7 Studia Dipterol. 7: 69781. ventrally, while other species have only lateral Edwards, F. W. 1925: British Fungus-Gnats (Diptera, processes. Mycetophilidae). With a revised Generic Classifica— tion ofthe Family. 7Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 73(1924): 5057670. 3.4. Key to males of Docosia species Hackman, W. 1988: Tribe Leiini. 7 In: Soos, A. & Papp, known in Central Asia L. (eds), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 3. Ceratopogonidae7Mycetophilidae: 2547262. Buda— pest, Akademiai Kido. 1. Sc setose and terminalia as ending free; Hutson, A. M., Ackland, D. M. & Kidd, L. N. 1980: My— figured by Hutson et a1. (1980: figure 278) cetophilidae (Bolitophilinae, Ditomyiinae, Diado- and Zaitzev (1994: plate 81, figure 2) cidiinae, Keroplatinae, and Manotinae) D. gilvipes (Haliday) Diptera, Nematocera. 7 Handb. Ident. Brit. . London 3. ofLondon. — 9, Royal Entomological Society Sc bare, ending in 2 R1 Pp. 17111. 2. setose; coxae blackish Laterotergite brown; Landrock, K. 1916: Neue mahrische Arten der Pilz- terminalia as in Fig. 4a—f miickengattung Docosia Winn. 7 Zeitschrift des D. sogetensis sp. n. Mahrischen Landesmuseum 15: 59766. ENTOMOL. FENNICA Vol. 17 ° Three new Docosia Speciesfrom Kazakhstan 117

Landrock, K. 1928: Neue Fungivoriden. 7 Konowia 7: criteria for the classification of the recent European 2387242. genera (Diptera, Mycetophilidae). 7 Ann. Zool. Plassmann, E. 1980: Pilzmucken aus Messaure in Schwe— Fennici 23: 1977206. den. Ill. Lichtfallenfange (lnsecta: Diptera: Myceto— Winnertz, J. 1863: Beitrag zu einer Monographie der philidae). 7 Senckenb. Biol. 60: 1757189. Pilzmucken (Mycetophilidae). 7 Verh. Zool.—bot. Plassmann, E. 1986: Neun neue Pilzmucken aus der West— Ges. Wien 13: 6377964. palaarktis (Diptera, Nematocera, Mycetophilidae). 7 Yakovlev, E. B. 1994: Palaearctic Diptera associated with Spixiana 9: 1437150. fungi and myxomycetes. Petrozavodsk. 127pp. [In Plassmann, E. 1996: Zur Kenntnis der Pilzmiickenfauna Russian with English summary.] Osterreichs (Diptera: Nematocera: Mycetophiloidea). ZaitzeV. A. I. 1994: Fungus gnats of the fauna of Russia 7 Mitt. Int. Ent. Ver., (Frankfiart/M.) 21: 1117120. and adjacent regions. Part 1. Moscow. 288 pp. [In Rus— Sali, G. E. E. 1997: The adult morphology of Myceto— sian.] philidae (s.str.), with a tentative phylogeny ofthe fam- Xu, H.—C., Wu, H. & Yu, X.—X. 2003: New Chinese record ily (Diptera, Sciaroidea). 7 Ent. Scand., Suppl. 50: 17 of the genus Docosia with a description of a new spe— 55. cies (Diptera, Mycetophilidae). 7 Acta Zootax. Sin. vaisanen, R. 1986: The delimitation of the Gnoristinae: 28: 3437348.