Una Ruta a Explorar Asier Aranzubia Cob Lubitsch

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Una Ruta a Explorar Asier Aranzubia Cob Lubitsch las que el compositor acabaría cumpliendo con pro- y su práctica musical. Y nos quedamos sin entrar en fesionalidad y efi cacia. ese fascinante territorio, aunque, vuelvo a repetirlo, Otro aspecto en el que el lector del libro pro- el libro no pretenda tratar de esto. En fi n, quizá este bablemente no agotará su curiosidad tiene que ver pequeño reproche a esta modélica investigación, con el activismo político que, entre otras cosas, tan infrecuente en nuestro país, surja precisamente DVD desembocaría en la expulsión fi nal de Eisler tras su de una innegable virtud en cualquier buen libro: su señalamiento por parte del Comité de Actividades capacidad de despertar preguntas. Antiamericanas. Es bien sabido que su hermano VICENTE J. BENET Gerhart era uno de los más importantes aparat- chiks del Comintern en Estados Unidos, y la vincula- ción de Hanns con las actividades de los comunistas instalados en Hollywood plantea cuestiones que, en cualquier caso, van más allá de las fabulaciones cons- piratorias. Por ejemplo, puesto que el objetivo esen- cial del libro trata del modo en que se enfrentó a problemas teóricos y estéticos, se echa de menos un mayor desarrollo de la relación del proyecto musical que iba madurando con los parámetros de la orto- doxia estilística desarrollados por la doctrina artís- tica soviética que tanto acabaría afectando, por citar algunos casos notorios, a compositores «modernos» de la talla de Shostakovich o Prokofi ev. La base del experimentalismo de Eisler y el modo en que proce- só conceptualmente su posición heterodoxa queda como un interrogante en un compositor que tuvo los redaños de, entre otras cosas, incluir en la banda sonora de un fi lme educativo fi nanciado por el De- partamento de Agricultura de Estados Unidos unos compases del Kominternlied (p. 51). Hasta el poco sutil HUAC supo detectar y sacar a colación durante sus investigaciones el atrevido gesto. Estamos, en conclusión, ante un libro que des- taca por su investigación rigurosa sobre fuentes primarias y por el exhaustivo recorrido por la evo- lución del trabajo teórico y compositivo de Eisler en Extras pedagógicos: una ruta a explorar relación con el Film Music Project. Ofrece al lector Asier Aranzubia Cob una descripción ejemplar del proceso de compo- sición de las partituras experimentales y también Lubitsch Musicals de la elaboración del libro escrito con Adorno. La restricción y exhaustividad del enfoque en el objeto Pedro Costa de estudio, lógicas en una tesis doctoral como en la que se basa este texto, deja sin embargo al lector del Henri Cartier-Bresson libro con interrogantes que siempre se elevan a un plano más general y quizá menos especializado. Ha- Cecil B. DeMille Classic Collection vol. 1 y 2 blamos de un personaje atravesado por las contra- dicciones de su tiempo, un artista que mantiene un diálogo creativo (y también político) con gente de la talla de Bertolt Brecht o Fritz Lang, creadores que indudablemente debieron modelar su pensamiento 128 LIBROS DVD 129 Extras pedagógicos: una ruta a explorar puede encontrar, entre otras muchas cosas, una transcripción íntegra del comentario del fi lm o reproducciones de documentos originales relacionados con la película— o del Se ha repetido hasta la saciedad que la posibilidad de ofrecer materiales adicionales también excelente DVD-ROM que completaba (los célebres extras) es una de las más evidentes ventajas del DVD con respecto al la edición que Intermedio preparó en su VHS. Lo que se ha reconocido, creo yo, con menor asiduidad, es que, hasta la fe- momento de las Histoire(s) de Godard (con cha, la calidad (que no la cantidad) de los mencionados materiales adicionales suele mención especial para el meticuloso y revelador dejar bastante que desear. Y es que, como ya se apuntara desde las páginas de esta texto de Natalia Ruiz) o, para terminar con misma sección, la «escolta de extras» que de ordinario acompañan y complementan un ejemplo en papel, el también exhaustivo a las ediciones digitales de las películas suelen ser «en la mayoría de los casos in- cuadernillo (casi un librito) que David Oubiña trascendentes, a veces irritantes y, en ocasiones, hasta interesantes» (La Redacción escribiera como complemento para el pack de “Presentación”, Secuencias nº 26, Segundo semestre 2007, p. 124). Yendo, sin duda, Martín Rejtman que editó el MALBA en 2005. demasiado deprisa, me atrevería incluso a afi rmar que lo preocupante no es tanto Pero como adelantaba un poco más arriba, va que los materiales adicionales carezcan, la mayor parte de las veces, del más mínimo a ser en el terreno de la imagen donde el trabajo del Centro Pedagógico de Lyon interés, sino que lo verdaderamente alarmante es que apenas se haya comenzado alcance la categoría de modélico: y la alcanza, creo yo, no tanto porque nos ofrece la a explotar la que en mi opinión es, de entre todas las posibilidades virtuales de los posibilidad de contemplar al mismo tiempo una copia censurada de la película y otra extras, aquella que, en principio, estaba llamada a ofrecer una mayor rentabilidad en sin censurar, sino, sobre todo, porque el capítulo de los extras titulado «Terre sans términos estéticos. Hablo, claro está, del potencial pedagógico de estos materiales pain en douze stations» resulta ser, a la postre, una rotunda confi rmación práctica de adicionales. las virtudes pedagógicas de la multipantalla. El modus operandi es sencillo: mientras En un famoso texto publicado en Cahiers du cinéma con motivo del estreno de la pantalla se va dividiendo en dos, tres o cuatro cuadros (a veces congelados, casi Falso culpable, Jean-Luc Godard llevaba a cabo una sencilla operación crítica que, siempre en movimiento) la voz en off nos va explicando las relaciones (formales, contra lo que se suele pensar (y escribir), no era en absoluto frecuente en las páginas temáticas…) que se establecen entre los distintos planos. Así, por ejemplo, en el de los cahiers amarillos: identifi caba y relacionaba planos que ocupaban posiciones capítulo titulado «Bestiario» la reunión, en un mismo cuadro, de planos del fi lm en alejadas dentro de la cadena sintagmática del fi lm poniendo así, de paso, al descu- los que aparecen animales nos sirve para, entre otras cosas, descubrir que Buñuel bierto el carácter estructural del relato. Aquella operación, esencial para el trabajo fi lmaba a las bestias saliendo de los hogares hurdanos siempre de la misma manera. del analista, que Godard se veía obligado a realizar fi ándose de su memoria sería Quisiera añadir, por último, algo que la sucinta descripción de los extras de Terre después, con la llegada de los reproductores de VHS, en cierto sentido, mejorada (el sans Pan acaba de poner, en cierta medida, de manifi esto: esto es, que el trabajo crítico podía ahora volver una y otra vez sobre las imágenes). Sin embargo, no sería acometido por las gentes de Centro Pedagógico de Lyon parece ser (sobre todo hasta la irrupción del DVD cuando dicha herramienta crítica conocería un desarrollo desde el punto de vista de la tecnología) extremadamente accesible. Ahora lo que defi nitivo gracias a dos nuevas prestaciones. Por un lado, gracias a esa función del único que hace falta es que cunda el ejemplo. DVD que nos permite saltar de un punto a otro de la película sin necesidad de ar- ASIER ARANZUBIA COB rastrar (aunque sea a una velocidad superior a la habitual) toda la cinta, y, por otro, gracias a la división del cuadro en varias pantallas pequeñas creando así una suerte de multipantalla. Esta última función, que lo mismo sirve para que el espectador pueda contemplar simultáneamente dos versiones de un mismo fi lm (una restau- rada y otra sin restaurar, por ejemplo) o para reunir en un mismo encuadre varios planos de una misma película que aun estando ubicados en secuencias alejadas entre sí guardan un evidente parentesco, esta función, decía, no ha conocido, salvo honro- sas excepciones (y en esto, como en todo lo que tiene que ver con pedagogía y cine, los franceses han tomado la delantera) el desarrollo que su incuestionable potencial didáctico hacía prever. La reciente edición que de Terre sans pain ha preparado el Centro Pedagógico de Lyon funciona como un excelente compendio de buena parte de la posibilidades pedagógicas que se han ensayado hasta la fecha. Aunque antes no los he mencionado, los textos escritos que suelen complementar las ediciones más cuidadas (ya sea en forma de cuadernillo o DVD-ROM) acostumbran también a deparar gratas sorpresas. Tal es el caso, sin ir más lejos, del DVD-ROM que acompaña a esta reedición del célebre documental de Buñuel —en el que junto a los habituales textos de especialistas uno 130 DVD DVD 131 Lubitsch Musicals «Código Hays»— se compone en realidad de cinco un príncipe, la trama se centra en las desavenencias Pedro Costa fi lms, de los cuales la actual entrega de Eclipse omi- conyugales y éste es básicamente el esquema que Título: Lubitsch Musicals. te el que probablemente es el más célebre de todos se repetirá en las demás. También está acreditada Título: Pedro Costa. Distribuidora: Eclipse. ellos: The Merry Widow (La viuda alegre, 1934), por ser la primera que integró los números musi- Distribuidora: Intermedio. Zona: 1. protagonizado por Maurice Chevalier y Jeannette cales en la trama argumental haciendo avanzar la Zona: 2. Contenido: Cuatro discos con los siguientes MacDonald, la pareja por antonomasia de estos lar- acción, en lugar de detenerla. Otro rasgo común Contenido: Un libro y cuatro discos con el si- fi lms: gometrajes. Las razones están claras, pues los cuatro es la presencia de auténticos debutantes en todas guiente contenido: The Love Parade (El desfi le del amor, 1929), Mon- títulos integrados en el pack —The Love Parade (El estas obras; ésta era la segunda intervención de No cuarto da Vanda (En el cuarto de Vanda, Pe- tecarlo (1930), The Smiling Lieutenant (El desfi le del amor, 1929), Montecarlo (1930), The Smi- Chevalier en Hollywood y la primera de MacDo- dro Costa, 2000), Où gît votre sourire enfoui ? teniente seductor, 1931) y One Hour With You ling Lieutenant (El teniente seductor, 1931) y One nald.
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