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Bean, Vane, and Young: the Cahuilla Landscape: the Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains

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Bean, Vane, and Young: the Cahuilla Landscape: the Santa Rosa and San Jacinto Mountains 268 JOURNAL OF CALIFORNIA AND GREAT BASIN ANTHROPOLOGY type with smaller margins. There are several evaluation of placenames and their modern typos, and a garbled line (the latter in the first correlates would not have been possible without paragraph of Appendix A). I could not interpret the long lasting and on-going relationship be­ Tables 4.3 and 4.4 without considerable attention tween the authors and the Cahuilla people. to the text; better labels and captions would have A new preface by Russell Kaldenberg, BLM fixed this. Indio Resource Area Manager, and Richard Nevertheless, these are minor problems. Milanovich, Agua Caliente Band of Cahuilla Any archaeologist with more than a passing Tribal Chairman, stresses the cooperative efforts interest in lithic tools and technology should of the BLM, the Agua Caliente and Morongo have this relatively slender, but informa­ Band of Cahuilla Indians, local government tion-packed, thought-provoking volume; the entities, and numerous nature and culmral price is certainly right! resource advocacy groups who have been active in preserving heritage values. A very important introduction highlights the uses of this study for cultural resource management. The authors emphasize that not only habitation sites are important and can be identified in this report, but more esoteric sites also need to be treated. These include power places, ritual sites, trails, resource collection areas, endangered species The Cahuilla Landscape: The Santa Rosa and habitats, sacred springs and water sources, San Jacinto Mountains. Lowell John Bean, Syl­ places associated with myths and songs, and via Brakke Vane, and Jackson Young, with trading and visiting localities. The authors contributions by Bern Schwenn. Ballena maintain that Native American consultation still Press Anthropological Papers No. 37, 1991, remains cmcial to identifying such resources for 116 pp., 15 figs., 11 maps, $14.95 (paper). modem management considerations. They still Reviewed by: complain of the incomplete data for the Cahuilla JERRY SCHAEFER even though this is a corpus of information that Brian F. Mooney Associates, 9903-B Businesspark would be envied by other Califoraia researchers Ave., San Diego, CA 92131. for its size and richness of detail. The plethora of placenames and associated information for the This compendium is a must for every an­ Cahuilla provides some measure of how little thropologist, archaeologist, historian, and traditional ethnogeography is preserved for the geographer who works in the past or present heavily missionized coastal areas of Califoraia. territory of the Cahuilla people. Originally published in 1981 for the Bureau of Land Man­ The Cahuilla Landscape proceeds from the agement (BLM) Desert Planning Staff, this general to the specific. The ethnographic revised version was released to coincide with the summary in Chapter 4 provides a brief review establishment of the Santa Rosa Mountains Na­ of Cahuilla ethnohistory. The most valuable tional Scenic Area. The authors combine refer­ sections summarize Cahuilla experiences in the ences to Cahuilla placenames and ethnogeo- late 19th and 20th centuries, bringing their graphy from Patencio (1943), Strong (1929), and traditional concepts of geography and place- Gifford (1918), the unpublished field notes of C. names up to the present. Recent archaeological Hart Merriam, their own extensive files, and and ethnohistoric studies will require that those input from living Cahuilla elders. The critical sections dealing with early periods be updated. REVIEWS 269 For example, recent research by Bean, Schaefer, primary research, record searches at the state and Vane at Tahquitz Canyon, Palm Springs, has clearinghouse, their own familiarity with the revealed evidence of irrigation and agriculture, areas, or manipulation of the figure scales. but none before ethnohistoric times on the debris Once the limitations of the maps are overcome, cone. Evidence for prehistoric agriculture may the reader will find a wealth of information in therefore best be found in the more optimal this chapter concerning some 286 identified areas on sandy flats. Settlement pattern data places. One of the valuable contributions in this also suggest a dispersed rancheria system rather section is the compilation of ethnographic than a contiguous "village" model. The sources that permit the reader to identify Tahquitz Canyon excavations also confirm the contridictions and confirmations in the ethno­ authors' review of exploited faunal species. graphic data base. The reader also will gain an Plants are not reviewed in this volume, appreciation of the dynamics of Cahuilla ethno­ presumably because that subject was so well geography whereby certain site functions and discussed by Bean and Saubel (1972) and lineage territorial claims changed over time. Barrows (1900). Among the shortcomings of Some of this dynamic may be attributed to the the ethnographic summary: recent studies of profound demographic changes that followed the Spanish Period San Bernardino (Harley 1989) introduction of European diseases. indicate that it was an estancia and not an Chapter 6 is a handy alphabetical index of asistencia or mission outpost as indicated in the placenames. Both Cahuilla and Anglo names are text (p. 5). The authors also fail to discuss the dually listed and each is referenced by a location still viable debate over the intensity of Cahuilla number that corresponds to the map locations settlement along the Lake Cahuilla shoreline. and to location numbers in the following Many recent surveys and excavations suggest chapter. This is a good starting point for re­ that seasonal temporary camps were established searchers who wish to connect a specific archae­ rather than year-long permanent residential bases ological site or location with a Cahuilla place- (Gallegos 1980; Schaefer 1986). name. Chapter 7 is an annotated alphabetical Chapter 5 introduces eight core areas of listing, principally of Cahuilla placenames, that Cahuilla occupation: San Gorgonio Pass and provides many informative details on each num­ Whitewater Canyon, the Palm Springs area (in­ bered citation. The authors have saved other cluding Tahquitz and Chino canyons). Palm researchers many hours of tracing information Canyon, Andreas Canyon, Murray Canyon, about social, political, ecological, and mythical Martinez Canyon, Toro Canyon, and the Santa associations with specific placenames, A new Rosa and Rockhouse Canyon areas. A separate index by page number also is provided at the section is devoted to Kauisktum territory that end of the report, but it should be used with overlaps several areas because the ethnogeo­ great caution. At least thirty percent of the page graphy of this lineage is so rich. Specific numbers are incorrect and the alphabetical placenames are referred to by catalogue number listings are in great need of editing. Several and indicated on schematic maps that are based other errors also need to be corrected. The on USGS 15-minute series topographic maps. sumptuous color illustrations need figure num­ These figures all lack contour lines and most bers. Among them. Figure 7 of Eng Be Cha, or topographic reference points in order to maintain Fern Canyon, is incorrect. This is a photograph site location confidentiality. Professional ar­ of Wentworth Canyon, located south of Tahquitz chaeologists will need to employ some ingenuity Canyon and feeding into Palm Canyon, where to establish specific locations, either through a palm grove is also locally known as Fern 270 JOURNAL OF CALIFORNIA AND GREAT BASIN ANTHROPOLOGY Canyon. Fera Canyon is actually a small REFERENCES spring, without palm trees, located just above the water tank at the mouth of Tahquitz Canyon Barrows, David Prescott 1900 The Ethno-botany of the Coahuilla Indians (Location 49). of Southem Califoraia. Chicago: Univer­ The authors have informed me that this sity of Chicago Press. study is far from the definitive Cahuilla Bean, Lowell John, and Katherine Siva Saubel ethnogeography. Still to be researched are 1972 Temalpakh: Cahuilla Indian Knowledge several references from the unpublished J. P. and Usage of Plants. Baiming: Malki Harrington notes and from mission archives. Museum Press. Many placenames, trails, resource collection Gallegos, Dennis 1980 Class II Cultural Resource Inventory of areas, and other geographical data relevant to the the East Mesa and West Mesa Regions, Kauisktum and Paniktum lineages of the Palm Imperial Valley, Califomia. Report on Springs area currently are being compiled for the file at the Bureau of Land Management, Tahquitz Canyon Project and other cultural Riverside, Califomia. resource studies in the upper Coachella Valley. Gifford, Edward Winslow 1918 Clans and Moieties in Southera Califoraia. The collaboration of Dr. Bean and William University of Califoraia Publications in Mason will change our understanding of Cahuilla American Archaeology and Ethnology 14 geography during the Spanish Period. Hopeful­ (2). ly, a revised third edifion will be forthcoming Harley, R. Brace that adds many more primary historical sources 1989 Did Mission San Gabriel Have Two Asistencias? The Case of Rancho San and unpublished ethnographic data. Some of the Bemardino. San Beraardino County Mu­ editing problems also need to be rectified. The seum Association Quarterly 36(4): 1-69. authors applied the transcriptions of Gifford Patencio, Francisco (1918) and Strong (1929) to Cahuilla placenames 1943 Stories and Legends of the Palm Springs and these need
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