INSPIRE 2020 Proceedings (PDF)

INSPIRE XXV e-Learning as a Solution during Unprecedented Times in the 21st Century Editors: J Uhomoibhi, E Dewar, E Georgiadou, P Linecar, P Marchbank, M Ross, G Staples 1 © 2020 Solent University The right of the authors to be identified as authors of this Work has been asserted by them in accordance with section 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted by the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored or transmitted in any form or by any means, except with the prior permission in writing of the Publisher, or in the case of reprographic reproduction, in accordance with the terms of the licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries for permission to reproduce material outside of the above terms should be directed to the Publisher, Solent University. ISBN 978-1-9996549-4-8 British Cataloguing in Publication Data. A CIP catalogue record for this e-book is available at the British Library. All trademarks, registered names etc acknowledged in this publication are to be the property of their respective owners. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this e-book are of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the BCS except where explicitly stated as such. Although every care has been taken by the authors, the editors, the publishers and the BCS in the preparation of the publication, no warranty is given by the authors, the editors, the publisher or the BCS as to the accuracy or completeness of the information contained within it and neither the authors, the editors, the publishers nor the BCS shall be responsible or liable for any loss of damage whatsoever arising by virtue of such information or any instructions or advice contained within this publication or by any of the aforementioned. 2 Twenty Fifth International Conference on e-Learning as a Solution during Unprecedented Times in the 21st Century INSPIRE 2020 CONFERENCE CHAIRS G Staples, J Uhomoibhi CONFERENCE DIRECTOR M Ross INTERNATIONAL ADVISORY COMMITTEE G Abeysinghe (Sri Lanka) E Bacon (UK) S Barikza (UK) E Berki (Finland) P Burgess (USA) S Chaudhary (Nepal) R Dawson (UK) E Dewar (UK) FJ Domínguez Mayo(Spain) E Georgiadou (UK) R Gevorgyan (Armenia) P Kingsley (N Ireland) L Li (China) P Linecar (UK) C Long (UK) N Paltalidis (UK) F Nilsson (Sweden) D Ojukwu (Nigeria) H Rahanu (UK) A Savva (Cyprus) M Sheriff (Sierra Leone) K Siakas (Greece) I Stamelos (Greece) J Valtanen (Finland) 3 4 This volume contains the edited proceedings of papers from the twenty fifth International Conference on Software Process Improvement Research, Education and Training, INSPIRE 2020 held remotely, organised by Solent University and the e-Learning Specialist Group of the BCS, The Chartered Institute for IT. The objective of this conference is to promote international co-operation among those concerned with e-learning by creating a greater understanding of e-learning issues, and by sharing current research and case studies through academic and industrial experience. The conference organisers feel that this objective has been achieved. INSPIRE 2020 has attracted papers from international sources, covering a broad spectrum of practical experience and research. The topic areas include e-Learning in the UK and Scandinavia, use of e-Learning and tools for schools, HE and the wider public, augmented reality, virtual laboratories, social media, programming in schools, gamification, cyber security in teaching and learning, multi choice assessments, case studies in use of e-learning in 2020 in various countries, including Armenia, Bosnia- Herzegovina, Cyprus, Denmark, Eire, Finland, Greece, Ireland, Kenya, Nigeria, Northern Ireland, Russian Federation, Slovak Republic, Spain, Sri Lanka, UK, and the USA. We would like to thank the many people who have brought this twenty fifth international conference into being: the Organising Committee, the International Advisory Committee, particularly for all their hard work in reviewing both the abstracts and the final papers, and the committee members of the BCS's e-Learning Specialist Group. The organisers would like to thank the BCS and Solent University for their support. The Editors 5 6 CONTENTS Keynotes How e-learning has developed in the UK during 2020, and where it might go in the Future Professor Liz Bacon (Past BCS President and Deputy Principal and Deputy Vice-Chancellor Abertay University, Scotland) 13 e-Learning in the Time of Corona Virus - The Scandinavian Experience: Back to the Future with The e-Learners Manifesto Dr Eleni Berki (Adjunct Professor of Software Quality and Formal Modelling, Faculty of Information Technology, Jyväskylä University, Finland) 21 Papers A Framework for Introducing Social Media in Education: A Student Perspective Survey Georgios Lampropoulos (International Hellenic University, Greece) , Kerstin Siakas(University of Vaasa, Finland & International Hellenic University, Greece) , Theofylaktos Anastasiadis (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece), Errikos Siakas (Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece) 55 Digital Content Strategy, The Higher Education View Oksana Razina, Mohammed Al-husban, Margaret Ross and Shakeel Ahmad (Solent University, UK) 65 Enhancing the Quality of the Teaching and Learning Process Though the Implementation of E-Learning Tools Rita Gevorgyan (Armenian State Pedagogical University Kh. Abovyan, Armenia) 85 7 Refining the Teaching of Programming Mike Brayshaw, Mike Cargill, Simon Grey, Neil Gordon (University of Hull, UK) 97 A Case Study of Learners’ Use of Formative E-Assessment Marie-Luce Bourguet (Queen Mary University of London, UK) 109 Science Educators’ Beliefs About Creativity Vasso Stylianou, Andreas Savva (University of Nicosia, Cyprus) 121 Software Tools to support On-line and Distance Education Veronika Stoffová (Trnava University, Slovakia) 139 PBGL Framework: Personality-Based Gamification in Learning Konstantinos Ntokos (Solent University, UK), Dimitra Lamprinou (Babcock International) 151 Identifying the gaps for Cybersecurity in Teaching and Learning Mike Brayshaw (University of Hull, UK) Neil Gordon (University of Hull, UK), Athina Karatazgianni (University of Leicester, UK) 165 Virtual Laboratories and Practical STEM Education: Issues of Development and Deployments Including Benefits and Challenges Jonathon O’Dwyer(Ulster University, Northern Ireland) , James Uhomoibhi (Ulster University, Northern Ireland) 179 8 An Educational Augmented Reality Application for Improving Knowledge Acquisition Georgios Lampropoulos (International Hellenic University, Greece), Ioanna Georgiadou (28th Primary School of Thessaloniki, Greece), Euclid Keramopoulos (International Hellenic University Greece) , Kerstin Siakas (International Hellenic University, Greece & University of Vaasa, Finland) 193 Applying 5 Levels Framework of Lifelong Learning to e-Learning by the Wider Public Soheir Ghallab (BCS), Linda Odhiambo Hooper (Ulster University, Northern Ireland) , James Uhomoibhi (Ulster University, Northern Ireland), Geoff Staples (BCS), Margaret Ross (Solent University, UK) 203 Online Learning in Kenyan Public Universities: Effectiveness and Challenges Jackline Akoth Odero (Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology, Kenya) 215 E-Learning in Kenya during lockdown: A Teacher/Leader's perspective. A Case Study of the Inequalities of District, Provincial and National School Experience Caroline Akinyi Odhiambo (Kapkoi Central Girls Secondary School, Kenya), Linda Odhiambo Hooper (Ulster University, Northern Ireland) 231 Covid19 : Impact on Learning, Digital Citizenship, Capabilities and Freedom for Community Development in Emerging Economies Linda Odhiambo Hooper, James Uhomoibhi (Ulster University, Northern Ireland) 239 9 Challenges of Rapid Migration to Fully Virtual Education in the Age of the Coronavirus Pandemic: Experiences from Across the World Elli Georgiadou (Midddlesex University London, UK), Eleni Berki (University of Jyväskylä & Private Consultancy, Finland), Juri Valtanen (University of Tampere & Private Consultancy, Finland), Kerstin Siakas (International Hellenic University, Greece & Vaasa University, Finland), Harjinder Rahanu (Midddlesex University London, UK), Adam Edwards (Midddlesex University London, UK), Nickos Paltalidis (Queen Mary University London, UK) , Andreas Agouropoulos (National Kapodistrian University, Greece ) , Stylianos Hatzipanagos (University of West London, UK), Claire McGuiness (University College, Dublin, Ireland) , Jerald Cavanagh (Limerick Institute of Technology, Ireland) , Padraig Kirby (Limerick Institute of Technology, Ireland) , Dili Ojukwu (Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Nigeria) , Andreas Savva (University of Nicosia, Cyprus) , Vasso Stylianou (University of Nicosia, Cyprus), Mary Plastira (Aristotle University Greece), Rita Gevorgyan (Armenian State Pedagogical University, Armenia), Margaret Ross (Solent University & BCS, UK), Geoff Staples (BCS, UK), Ratko Knezevic (University of Bihac, Bosnia-Herzegovina), Amela Čolic (University of Bihac, Bosnia-Herzegovina ), Theodora Valkanou (University of Copenhagen, Denmark), Errikos Siakas (Aristotle University, Greece), Nelum Deshappriya (University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Sri Lanka), Annita Zirki (State Institute of Livadia and Larnaca, Cyprus), Veronika Stoffová (University in Trnava, Slovak Republic), Georgia Lambrou (Tsireio Gymnasium& Thekleio Gymnasium & Latsia

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