Abiu Avocado–Fuerte Avocado–Hass Avocado–Hazzard Avocado–Reed caimito Persea americana Persea americana Persea americana Persea americana Other Names Caimito, Other Names Avocado pear, Other Names Avocado pear, Other Names Avocado pear, Other Names Avocado pear, yellow star apple alligator pear alligator pear alligator pear alligator pear Availability July to October Availability March to November Availability All year round Availability July and August Availability August to December November to February The Fuerte avocado has dark green, The Hass is one of the most popular The Hazzard is a large elongated A large, round fruit with a loose Abiu is a round, yellow-skinned glossy skin with pale raised spots. varieties. It is smallish with a pebbly fruit with smooth olive green skin. peel. It retains a firm texture even fruit with translucent, caramel- It is buttery in texture with a skin, which ripens to a purple/black The flesh is creamy and of when ripe and is therefore ideal for flavoured flesh. To eat, scoop out good flavour and has a medium- colour. It contains a small stone excellent quality. The skin retains salads but not a good choice for the flesh taking care to remove sized stone. and has dense, nutty, fibre free its colour and the tip should yield mashing into dips or guacamole. the seeds and discard the skin. flesh. Keeps well. slightly when ripe. Delicious pureed for drinks and desserts. Choose brightly coloured, blemish-free fruit. Ripen at room Avocado Oval, green to black-skinned fruit roughly the size and shape of a pear temperature away from light for Persea americana avocados contain hard, green flesh around a single stone. The flesh ripens best results. Unripe fruits contain to a buttery texture with a rich, nutty flavour. Avocados can be eaten alone, a ‘gummy’ latex. Other Names Avocado pear, alligator pear used in salads and sandwiches or pureed for smoothies and ice cream. Mexican varieties have aniseed-scented that are used in cooking and avocado oil is used in cosmetics and as a cooking oil.

Avocado–Sharwill Avocado–Wurtz Avocado–Cocktail –Cavendish Banana–Ducasse Persea americana Persea americana Persea americana Musa spp. Musa spp. Other Names Avocado pear, Other Names Avocado pear, Other Names Avocaditos Availability All year round Availability All year round alligator pear alligator pear avocado fingers The Cavendish is the most common Known in Australia as the sugar Availability May to July Availability June to December Availability All year round (limited) banana in Australia. It is ideal banana, Ducasse is the most The Sharwill avocado has a rough The Wurtz avocado is pear-shaped, A cocktail-sized avocado that is for eating when ripe and lends important banana in Thailand green skin similar to the Fuerte. with a thin, smooth, shiny skin and about the size and shape of a small itself well to cooking or drying. and is used for eating and cooking. The medium-sized, oval fruit has a small seed. It also has a good, cucumber. The seed is unformed Select fruit that is bright yellow. Select fruit that is bright, yellow- a rich, creamy flavour and a small consistent flavour. in this variety and in its place is Store at room temperature. green in colour and heavy for seed. Ideal for guacamole when ripe. a hollow, papery sheath. The fruit Do not refrigerate Cavendish its size. When ripe it should yield is slightly curved with a smooth, as the skin will blacken. to gentle pressure. Store at room dark olive green skin and creamy, temperature. Ducasse bananas fine-flavoured flesh. Ideal for do not blacken as easily as other individual serves. varieties when refrigerated. The blossoms of this variety are sold as a vegetable.

For further information and recipes log on free to www.marketfresh.com.au Published by Melbourne Markets in 2005. This guide includes information provided by Meera Freeman and Queensland Government, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries. Distributed by your friendly, local greengrocer. © Melbourne Market Authority 2005 Banana–Gold Finger Banana–Plantain Banana–Red Dacca Banana– tip Bell Fruit Musa spp. Musa spp. Musa spp. Eco Banana Syzygium sp. Availability All year round Availability All year round Availability All year round Musa spp. Other Names Rose apple, jambu The Gold Finger is a short banana Plantain is the name given to large The Red Dacca is a large, cooking Availability All year round Availability September to February with bright, yellow skin and creamy- bananas, which are edible only banana with a thick, purple-red skin Bananas grown organically with This bell-shaped fruit native to yellow flesh. It has a slightly tart when cooked. They are firm, mild and starchy, cream to light pink minimal fertiliser and no pesticides. South East Asia has a thin, glossy flavour and does not brown when tasting and contain less sugar flesh. Ideal for fruit compotes, and They are dipped in a bright red, skin varying in colour from pale- cut. Select bright, yellow fruit with and more starch, than eating baking. Select fruit that is bright red. blue and/or green food-grade wax green and pink to red. The crisp, a pleasant aroma. Store at room varieties. Often used in Caribbean Store at room temperature. Do not at the time of packing to brand juicy flesh is mildly aromatic. temperature. It has a shelf life and Mexican cooking, they can refrigerate, as the skin will blacken. them as eco-friendly. The flesh is Its subtle flavour can be enhanced two to three days longer than be sautéed, fried, mashed, stewed, moist, firm and sweet. Select fruit with lemon or lime juice and it other varieties. Do not refrigerate, or braised. Edible in all stages that is bright yellow. Store at room is often mixed with other fruits as the skin will blacken. of ripeness, they increase in temperature. Do not refrigerate, in salads. Choose firm, blemish-free sweetness as they ripen. as the skin will blacken. fruit that is heavy for its size.

Breadfruit Buddha’s Hand Citron Carambola Cumquat Artocarpus altilis Citrus medica var. sarcodactylus Averrhoa carambola Cocos nucifera Fortunella spp. Other Names Hawaiian ulu Other Names Fingered citron Other Names Star fruit, five corners Availability All year round Availability February to June Availability March to July Availability June to October Availability All year round, peaking The fruit of the coconut palm, Not a true citrus, the cumquat, Thought to be native to Indonesia. Buddha’s Hand is a variety of December to September are available green or resembles a miniature orange Voyagers brought the the citron–one of the most ancient The Carambola is a long, greenish- ripe. The green coconuts contain and can be oval or round, seeded to Polynesia where it has become of the citrus family. Ripe fruits yellow fruit with five ridges, which, a large quantity of refreshing juice or seedless. It may be eaten whole, an essential food source. The ripe have extremely fragrant, thick, when cut reveal an attractive and jelly-like meat, which is even though quite sour, or added fruit is soft with sweet smelling, yellow rind, and contain no pulp. star-shaped cross section. The considered a delicacy in South to cooked dishes. Most commonly, creamy-yellow flesh. Breadfruit It is mainly used to perfume a Vietnamese favour the sour varieties East Asia. Ripe coconuts have it is preserved in syrup or used can be cooked in the same way room or clothing and for devotional for inclusion in their ‘table salads’ hard, fibre-covered brown shells to make marmalade. Cumquats as potatoes–as mash or chips purposes. It can be candied or whereas the sweet varieties are which must be cracked to reveal can be crushed in a glass, skin and can even be used to make pressed to extract oil, which is most often eaten fresh, sliced as oily, white flesh and a hollow and all and topped up with soda breads and puddings. Choose used in confectionery or cosmetics. a component in fruit salads, used interior containing milky juice. for a refreshing drink. Choose firm, blemish-free fruit. They Choose bright, sound fruit, which as a garnish or juiced. Coconut flesh has many uses. bright, glossy, firm fruit. may be stored up to a week will keep for about two weeks It can be eaten fresh, dried for use in the refrigerator. at room temperature and exude in cooking, grated and squeezed a pleasant aroma. with water to provide coconut milk.

Custard Apple– Dragon Fruit Feijoa Grapefruit–Ruby Blush Pink’s Mammoth Hylocereus undatus Durio zibethinus Feijoa sellowiana Citrus paradisi Annona atemoya Other Names Pitahaya, Availability December to February Other Names guava, Availability All year round Availability March to September, pear Native to the rain forests of South guavasteen The flesh of the Ruby Blush is juicy peaking May Availability All year round, peaking East Asia, the Durian tree bears Availability March to August and more tart than that of white A native of , the May to September large, heavy fruit with a green- The Feijoa is a small, oval fruit grapefruit. It can be segmented Custard Apple is harvested green Native to Central and South America yellow skin and sharp, woody native to South America. Its waxy and eaten fresh or juiced. Its pink and allowed to ripen at room the Dragon fruit is a colourful, edible spikes. It is split open to reveal skin is rough and dull green. It has to red flesh is an attractive addition temperature. It’s ready to eat when cactus, pink to red with prominent, -like seeds surrounded a highly perfumed, sweet granular to salads and it is also used to soft and easily pulled apart with the green-edged scales. The thin skin by rich, creamy-yellow, custard- pulp with acid tones and a tropical make a delicious sorbet. Choose fingers. Possibly the best flavoured encloses dense white or red flesh like flesh totally free of acidity. flavour. The whole fruit can be glossy fruit that feels heavy for with tiny, edible black seeds. of the custard apples, Pink’s An acquired taste, it is notorious eaten fresh, stewed or juiced for its size and has good blush colour A squeeze of lemon or lime juice Mammoth bears fruit of large and for its pervasive, pungent odour drinks or sorbets. on the skin. Pink-fleshed grapefruit irregular shape. The succulent flesh enhances its delicate, sweet flavour. contain lycopene, which is reputed The flesh can be eaten with a spoon and is banned from public buildings has few seeds but can be gritty in South East Asia for this reason. to have a protective effect against close to the skin. or pureed for use in drinks. Choose cancer. fruit that is bright in colour and gives slightly when gently pressed.

For further information and recipes log on free to www.marketfresh.com.au Published by Melbourne Markets in 2005. This guide includes information provided by Meera Freeman and Queensland Government, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries. Distributed by your friendly, local greengrocer. © Melbourne Market Authority 2005 Guava Jaboticaba Lime–Kaffir Lime–Tahitian Psidium guajava Myrciaria cauliflora Artocarpus heterophyllous Citrus hystrix Citrus latifolia Availability All year round, peaking Availability March and August Availability All year round, peaking Other Names Makrut Other Names Persian lime February to May to December January to May Availability All year round, peaking Availability All year round, peaking There are many varieties of this Originating in Brazil, the Jaboticaba The largest tree-borne fruit and June to September June to September aromatic fruit, a native of the warm is a round, purple fruit the size native to Southern India, this fruit A highly aromatic member of the The fruit is oval, usually rounded regions of Central America. They of a large grape with smooth, has tough yellow-green skin with citrus family, the Kaffir lime has at the base. The peel is smooth range from round to pear-shaped glossy, tough skin. The white or hexagonal, spiky scales. The starchy, glossy double leaves and bumpy, and vivid-green until ripe when and largest variety is the round, rose-coloured flesh is translucent, green fruit can be cooked, dried or dark-green fruit. The grated rind it becomes pale-yellow and the green Thai White, which is eaten gelatinous and juicy. It has a spicy, pickled. The ripe fruit is removed in of fruit is used in most Thai curry pulp is light green-yellow when ripe. when unripe and crisp or pickled slightly acidic, grape-like flavour. triangular sections, each containing pastes. The finely shredded leaves It is used extensively in Thai cuisine in brine. Other varieties have yellow It is eaten fresh or can be used a large seed. It has a strong, add their exquisite fragrance to and in alcoholic drinks. Choose to green skin with white to pink flesh to make cakes, preserves or even tropical odour and a flavour similar salads, soups and curries. Both limes that are free from blemishes, and edible seeds. The edible skin is fermented to make wine. Choose to banana mixed with pineapple. the leaves and fruit can be frozen firm and heavy for their size. high in C. Ripe guavas can fruit that is free from blemishes It is eaten fresh and many jackfruit in a tightly sealed container. be eaten fresh or poached in syrup, and heavy for its size. products such as jackfruit chips, It is most often known by its pureed for ice cream and sorbets, candy, drinks and ice creams can Thai name, Makrut, as kaffir is made into jam or juiced. They are be found in Asian stores. The a derogatory term for unbeliever also made into a dense fruit paste seeds can be boiled or roasted. in Arabic. to serve with cheese.

Lime–West Indian Longan Lychee Mango Mango–Kensington Pride Citrus aurantifolia Euphoria longan Litchi chinesis Mangifera indica Mangifera indica Other Names Mexican lime, West Other Names Dragon’s eye Other Names Litchi Availability October to March Availability October to April Indian lime, key lime Availability October to March, Availability November to February Native to southern Asia, there are The most popular variety cultivated Availability All year round, peaking peaking November Native to Southern China, the many varieties most having green, in Australia and originally known June to September to February lychee tree produces clusters of red or yellow skin around smooth- as the Bowen, this mango has The small fruit is round, sometimes Popular in China where it originated, small, oval or heart-shaped fruit textured, yellow-orange flesh with succulent, silky flesh with sweet with a nipple at the apex. The the longan bears clusters of fruit with pink to red, leathery skin a central flat stone. To eat, make flavour balanced by just the peel is green and glossy when the size of a large grape. The thin, enclosing aromatic, translucent two parallel cuts on either side of right amount of acidity. Choose unripe, pale yellow when ripe and brittle, yellow–brown skin encloses white to pink flesh around a single the stone and either scoop the flesh unblemished fruit that yield is generally smooth. The pulp is translucent, white pulp surrounding stone. Small-stoned varieties are from the halves or score the flesh to gentle pressure. green-yellow, aromatic, juicy, acidic a single, dark seed, hence the the most desirable. Lychees can and turn the ‘cheeks’ inside-out and full of flavour. West Indian name ‘Dragon’s Eye’. The flesh be stored in the refrigerator. The to serve. Limes complement fish dishes is whitish, translucent with a musky, skin will toughen and turn brown and are the main ingredient in Key sweet flavour. It is eaten fresh and in a few days without affecting Lime Pie. Choose limes that are can also be found dried. the flavour of the flesh. Lychees free from blemishes, firm and are best eaten fresh but are also heavy for their size. available canned and dried. Choose fruits that are bright in colour.

Mangosteen–Purple Melon–Honeydew Melon–Rockmelon Melon–Watermelon Papaya Garcinia mangostana Cucumis melo l. inodorus Cucumis melo Citrullus vulgaris Carica papaya Availability January to April Availability All year round, Other Names Cantaloupe, Availability All year round Other Names Pawpaw An exotic, round fruit with thick, peaking November muskmelon A native of Africa, there are now many Availability All year round, peaking dark-purple skin containing five to December Availability All year round of Watermelon available April to September to seven segments of translucent There are several types of honeydew The Rockmelon, introduced to the from small and round, to long and There are different varieties of flesh with an exotic, fruit salad melon–white/cream skin with new world by Columbus, is round large with dark green, sometimes this tropical fruit. Fruits tend to flavour. One of the segments green flesh, yellow skin with white with a creamy, netted skin. The striped skin. The flesh is grainy, sweet be very fleshy, with an inside cavity contains a stone. Best eaten fresh flesh and yellow skin with green flesh is yellow-orange, smooth- and very juicy and varies from pink containing bitter, round, gelatinous this is reputably the most delicious flesh. Choose fruit that is glossy, textured, sweet and aromatic. to red and golden-yellow. Black seeds seeds. The small, red fleshed of all tropical fruits. Choose dark, heavy for its size, fragrant and Usually eaten fresh, it is a traditional are the norm but there are also variety is particularly sweet and unblemished fruit that yields slightly sounds hollow when tapped. Under- Italian accompaniment to prosciutto seedless varieties. It is usually sliced eaten ripe as a fruit, sometimes to gentle pressure. ripe melons can be ripened at room and the French love to serve it and eaten chilled or cubed and added with a squeeze of lime juice. temperature. Wrap ripe melons chilled with port. Choose sound to fruit salads. It can be pureed for The large, torpedo-shaped variety in a plastic bag and refrigerate fruit without soft spots or bruises. drinks or sorbets. The rind can be is used unripe with its flesh cut up to 5 days. The fruit should have a distinct pickled as a relish. Choose fruit that into long shreds and seasoned perfume, sound hollow when tapped is heavy for its size, glossy and as a salad vegetable. When ripe, and yield slightly at the stem end. sounds hollow when tapped. Under- its flesh is yellow and edible as ripe melons can be ripened at room a fruit although it has a slightly temperature. Wrap ripe melons in a unpleasant smell and is best served plastic bag and refrigerate up to 5 days. with sugar and lemon juice. For further information and recipes log on free to www.marketfresh.com.au Published by Melbourne Markets in 2005. This guide includes information provided by Meera Freeman and Queensland Government, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries. Distributed by your friendly, local greengrocer. © Melbourne Market Authority 2005 Passionfruit–Purple Persimmon Pineapple–Rough Pomegranate Pomelo Passiflora edulis forma edulis Diospyros kaki Ananas Comosus Punica granatum Citrus maxima Availability All year round Other Names Sharon fruit Availability All year round, peaking Availability February to May Other Names Pummelo, shaddock, The Passionfruit is the fruit of Availability February to July October to March An ancient, Mediterranean fruit Chinese grapefruit. a South American vine. The most Native to China, the Persimmon The Rough Leaf is smaller than with durable, leathery skin ranging Availability March to November, common variety is the purple is an attractive, perfumed fruit the Smooth Leaf Pineapple, with from yellow to pink and red. The peaking June to July passionfruit, which has wrinkled with bright orange, shiny skin and a tough, waxy rind that is a dark, interior is composed of transparent The largest of the citrus family, purple skin and sweet, sour pulp. fragrant flesh surrounding several green-yellow to orange-yellow sacs filled with plump, juicy, red, the pomelo bears large, round Its pulp varies in colour from stones. There are two main types when the fruit is ripe. The leaves pink or white seeds. To peel, to heart-shaped fruit usually green bright yellow to orange and it has of persimmon, astringent and non- are broad with a serrated edge carefully cut off the top and bottom to pale-yellow in colour. The thick many small, hard, black seeds. astringent. The astringent type while the flesh varies from white and segment the skin, trying not skin is dotted with tiny, green or The flavour is refreshing and tangy. must be eaten when very ripe and to yellow and is sweeter and drier to cut through the seeds, releasing pink glands, which are an indication It can be cut in half and eaten soft whereas the other can be than other varieties. Eaten fresh, juice which will stain. Shake out of the internal colour. The segmented spooned from the shell or used eaten when crisp. Ripe persimmon it is also used in cakes, salads, the seeds and eat fresh, add to flesh varies from pale-yellow to pink- to flavour stewed fruits, creams flesh can be incorporated into desserts and beverages. sweet and savoury salads or juice red surrounded by tough membrane, and toppings–especially popular cakes for use in cooking. Pomegranate which should be removed. on Pavlova. and desserts. Choose fruit that juice is the key ingredient in Individual fruit vary from very juicy Choose fruit that is dark, lightly is smooth and bright. Grenadine cordial. Choose fruit that to fairly dry with a mildly sweet to wrinkled and heavy for its size. is large, heavy for its size, smooth tart flavour and a hint of bitterness. and well-coloured. Eat fresh or add to salads.

Rambutan Rollinia Sapodilla Sapote–Black Sapote–Mamey Nephelium lappaceum Rollinia deliciosa Diaspyros digyna Availability March to November, Other Names South American Availability All year round, Other Names Chocolate pudding fruit, Availability July to September peaking June to July custard apple, biriba, peaking May to March caca-poule, kaki noir, Of Mexican origin, this fruit has Native to the Malaysian lowlands, countess’ fruit This round to egg-shaped fruit is black persimmon a dark brown, rough rind enclosing varieties of Rambutan range Availability February to March hard when immature, with smooth, Availability May to January, peaking soft, sweet salmon coloured flesh. in colour from red to yellow. July to September sandy-brown skin. As it ripens May to October Usually eaten with a spoon directly The thin, leathery rind is covered Native to Brazil, this tropical the skin wrinkles and the flesh The Black Sapote is believed to from the shell, it can also be made with soft, thick, hair-like spines. relative of the custard apple has becomes very sweet. The flesh have originated in Mexico. When into sorbets or jam. Choose fruit The flesh is translucent and sweet, a yellowish, heart-shape fruit varies in colour from yellow to ripe the smooth, thin skin becomes that has a sweet aroma and firmer and dryer than that of the with pronounced scales similar dark-brown and it may be grainy olive-green. The jelly-like flesh is heavy for its size. lychee and contains a single seed. to the cherimoya. It has acidic, or smooth depending on the is glossy, brown-black and sweet It is best eaten fresh. Choose fruit creamy flesh reputedly reminiscent variety. The sapodilla tree is also and mild in flavour. Its high moisture that is large, unblemished and of lemon meringue pie. the source of , a latex used content makes it ideal to use in brightly coloured with stiff hairs. to make . Best eaten cakes, muffins, mousses and trifles. Keep refrigerated. fresh. Choose fruit that is Choose fruit with soft, dark olive- unblemished, plump and yields green skin. slightly to gentle pressure.

Soursop Star Apple Tamarillo Tangelo Youngberries Annona muricata Chrysophyllum caimito Cyphomandra betacea Citrus paradisi, Citrus reticulata Rubus ursinus vars. Other Names Guanabana, graviola Availability May and November, Other Names Tree tomato, Availability June to September Availability September to January Availability April to December, peaking June false tomato A hybrid of the mandarin and Youngberries originated in Australia peaking September to October Availability All year round grapefruit or pomelo, the Tangelo and look similar to blackberries. A tropical fruit native to Central Round, apple-sized fruits that when Fruit of a subtropical South American is a bright, tangerine-coloured fruit They are an excellent source of America, the Soursop has leathery, cut, reveal flesh with a central shrub, this egg-shaped fruit ranges with the loose skin of its mandarin , folate and dietary fibre. green skin covered with short, star pattern. There are two main in colour from yellow-red to purple parent and a pronounced bump Use fresh with ice cream, in fruit soft spines. It has fragrant, acid varieties of Star Apple–the purple- with soft, tart flesh set around or neck at the stem end. The fruit salads and as toppings on cakes flesh which can be fibrous in some skinned variety with red-purple pulp internal pockets of seeds, similar is sweet with a slight acidity and pavlovas. Keep refrigerated at varieties and numerous black and the green-skinned variety with to a tomato. Tamarillos can be eaten and very juicy. 2–4 degrees and keep for no longer seeds. The fruit can be eaten fresh, whitish pulp. They are best are eaten fresh but are best stewed with sugar than 4 days. Look for bright, plump but is best pureed and strained to fresh with the pulp spooned out or candied. They can also be used fruit with deep, rich colours. make refreshing drinks or sorbets. to avoid the bitter, inside skin. They in savoury dishes or made into Choose unblemished fruit that is can also be made into preserves. chutneys or sauces. Choose fruit heavy for its size, and that yields that is firm and heavy for its size. slightly when pressed.

For further information and recipes log on free to www.marketfresh.com.au Published by Melbourne Markets in 2005. This guide includes information provided by Meera Freeman and Queensland Government, Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries. Distributed by your friendly, local greengrocer. © Melbourne Market Authority 2005