'
2780 CONGRESSJON AL RECORD- SENATE. }lAY 23,
. By Mr. TAGUE: Pe~it~on of New .England Label Conference, "Resolved bu the Patron8 of Husbandry of Shawnee County, That we against prohibition as a war me~sure; to the Committee on the urge the administration to establish a maximum · price at which the standard food products shall me sold, thereby protecting the people Judiciary. · from the inhuman and oppre-ssive acts of the food speculators. : By Mr. '.riLSON: Petition of the memb~rs of the First Metho· • II. United States Senate, Washington, D. 0. . Also, petition of New Hampshire Federation of Women's MY DEAR SEXATon: Referring again to my letter of the 9th instant. Clubs an orP"anization of over 9,000 women, to e ·tablish a 5-mile in relation to the tax proposed to ue put upon newspapers by the new revenue bill, of course it goes without saying that it would be unjus t zone free f~om alcoholic liquors and camp followers around !'lnd unfair to tax publications of any kind with 5 per cent of their every training camp, Army post, and naval training station; advertising receipts. a nd this feature of the bill l hould be stricken out by aJl means. It would linewise be a most unjust tax on the news· to the Committee on the Judiciary. papers to put a tarHI of 10 per cent on paper imports. I may tell you Also, petition of Herbert J. Davis and 19 other citizens of Mere that the i11creased orice of paper paid by the Chattanooga Times for dith, N. H., favoring immediate national prohibition as ~ war 1917 over 1916 w111 entail an adrlitwnal charge thls year of between $35,000 and $40,000 more than was paid for the blank paper last mea ure in the intere t of national preparedness, efficiency, year. Add 10 per cent to this and it would involve an additional $8,000 and public morals; to the Committee on the Judiciary. fOI' 1917, and so that tarifl' should not be placed upon print paper, for By Mr. ZIHLl\IAN: Memorial of mass meeting in Brown Me it woulu break our backs lf it were. Now, Wtth reference to tqe postal rate. Papers which act straight morial Presbyterhm Church, Baltimore, Md., urging prohibition with the Government shoulu have the present rate, namely, 1 n •nt a -as a war mea nre ; to the Committee on the Judiciary. ound. Papers whkh do not should have their rates inct·eased. What r consider as being papers acting straight with the Government nrc thost> whi ch charge the Sdme price or more for the papers whieb go by mail as is chargeu oy the publication in the cities where the paper is publishell. A number of papers have the very bad habit, in order. SENATE. to increase their circulations, of charging very much less for papers going by mail than they charge. the citizt>ns of their own community. WEDNESDAY, May ~3, 1917. If the second-class man Is earned at a loss by the Government. this is an, injustice to the Govenment, and the papers guilty of this practice ,. 'l'he Chaplain, ReY. Forrest J. Prettyman, D. D., offered the shoul'l be made to pay for it by a discrimination In the mail rate. For instance, I have before me the r·rice 9f three papers, whose subscrip following prayer: · tion charges are as follows : Almighty God, the revelation of Th)· will to llS has set our No. 1 : Per year. standards of honor very high, demn ;ttling the. ·expenditure of City subscribers------~ ------$4.00 By mall------2. 49 all our powers of manhood and the de,·elopment of all the manly No. !•: ·virtues. We pray that under the inspiration of Thy Holy Spirit we may measure up to the standards of honor tbat Thou hast ~~Ym~tb::~~~e:~::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: g:88 reyealed to us, that all we do shali be for the glory of Thy name No. o: , City subscribers------7. 50 , tmd the advancement in this country of all that Thou hast com By mall------4.20 mitted to our hands. For Christ's sake. Amen. You will observe by this how manifestly unfair it is to the Govern . The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's ment to permit newspapers of this kind to enjoy the benefit of the 1-cent-a-pound rate as against newspapers which charge as much or proceedings, when, on request of Mr. s~rooT and by unanimous more for their outside circulation than they do for their city circulation, consent, the further reading was dispensed with and the Journal and this added to the further fact that It costs very much more to get was approved. the outside circulation than ·it does the city circulation. shows that unless· a fair price is charged all of the outside circulation by such PETITIONS .AND MEMORIALS. newspapers it is
"'Whereas .the volume ot' buSiness Qt the United. States has no.w Whereas. the meal alon~. tf utilized for human roou. would suppl.v . the reached such vast proportions that the equipment and instrumen · equal of· 2,000,000 tons of wheat 'flour, ext:ePding In value ont>-eigbth tallties or the railroads are inadequate to care for 'fhe same. Every -()f the total production of wheat flour in the United Statf's, and wbicb class of busrn.· ess is suiiering by reason of the ineffident deliv~ry by reason of its highly conctntrated form coUld l>e tran. ported to fbe service by the railroads. The failure to furnish cars and undue armies of our allies -with ll'Ss etl'ort than an equal value of wheat delays ln transit through lack of motive power not only eosts: floUI·; and shippers and receivers of freight thousands of dollars in loss of Whereas such cottonseed flour is so rich m protein that it could well l>e profits. but creates a higher level of priees ·than the com.mo.dit,y substituted for ll portion of the meat and fats and could be used wHh situation would warrant under .normal delivery conditions. ~ciency and with beneficial re ults under the direction of the com " 'Whereas the_ Government is now placed in a preferential position. miSsary departments of tb.e different armies. for buying materials--lumber, steel, and other raw materials- entering into the r-onstl'uctlon of this equipment, it can bu,Ud cars P"'!' at a lower price than priv~te interests, which for this reason is 1\fEMPBIS, TENN., Mayt5, 1917. lookE'd upon as an entirely feasible suggestion by this body : TheM Hon. KENNETH 1\fCKJIJLLAn, fore be it J:jenate Ollamber, Washington, D. C.: « r Resowed, That a united petition be made to the pro.per department On behalf of the building and loan associations of Memphis, one ·of of the United States Government to consider at once the feasibility of which I represent, I want to prote~>t against the imposition 01· r-equire building ()r purchasing trel~ht cars and locomotives in the- volume m.mt of. any documentary stamp ta..'l: upon certificates of stock is, ued shown necessary by reports on file with the Interstate Commerce Com by them. Tbe act of October 2'2, 1914, section 15. specifically exempted mission. whirh was approximated on April 1 as being 143.000 rars short building and loan association stork. Building a.nd loan associations on orders placed with .thE' carriers by shippel'S for loaning. The funds should DDt be taxed on thp certificates representing capital stoek. They to be taken from the appropriation made for public defense, and. the cars are unlike al• nther corporations in this respect. The rertifirates can to be allotted to the various lines where nePded, rental to be charged not l>e sold in tne open market and are paid for in installments. When upon the per diem basis, or ·other untt 1:o be determineil upun as fair shares of runnirg stoek aTe taken out and tbe member eommences to anrl equitable to both the rarrlers and the Government a.nd high enough make his payments there has been no money paid in on the same. and to bring the Government ample interest on the investment and to pay the stoek is accumulative in small weekly or monthly payments; while • the necessary expenses of administration tn-"thelr use.' · · the capital -stock ·of an ordlllary corporation when Issued is fully paid " We ask that this reso-lution be -made the
Mr. SMITH of 1\lnrylan l\Ir. SMOOT. I wish to ask the Senator whether it is a many sources. It was a long time before a correct interpreta unanimous report from the committee? tion of it was accepted by the country, so persistent were his 1\Ir. GORE. It is. unjust critics. Mr. SMOOT. Then- I do not see any objection to taking it Second, when the President spoke at Philadelphia to an as up for consideration. · semblage of new citizens he used the expression, " a Nation too l\Ir. LEWIS. ·Mr. President, a parlian1enta.ry inquil·y. Has proud to fight." We, his friends, were for a long time con the morning business been concluded? fronted with the accusation that the President had told the The VICE PRESIDENT. No; there were some so anxious to world that America was too proud to resent a ·grievance or to move to take up bil1B that the Chail· was not able to close it. redress a wrong. Surely, no such thing was ever intended. I 1\Ir. LEWIS .• I am anxious that I be not foreclosetl before .made brave and bold upon this floor to set forth that the morning business is concluded. expression wns an adaptation of a very ancient classic that llad 'l'he VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Ohio bas witll.- been used by Chatham in the English Parliament and by Charles drawu l•is request? · Sumner on this floor in his defense of Lincoln, touching the 1\Ir. POMERENE. If _there is a general desire among Sena Geneva award, and that this misapprehension and misinterpreta tors to take up the food bill, I certainly withdraw my request tion of President \Vilson's speech had caused the President to be now und will atlempt to call up the bill later. misrepresented and U1e country to be misunderstood. l\1r. REED. l\Ir. President, I do not want-- Mr. President, in the West, if these circulars referred to . by The VICE PRE,SIDENT. The Chair has recognizetl the tltis communication lm '"e been generally distributed,- setting Senator from Illinois. forth the President's speech as a --declaration from the Com l\1r. LEWIS. I yield to the Senator to make an observation mander in Chief of the American Army and Navy proclaiming for a moment. that we have no grievance, then the interrogation will blaze The VICE PRESIDENT. The Chair. would like to close the before the eyes of the people, Why sacrifice the children? Why morning business. give the money? 1Vhy bankrupt the future? Why have this food l\Ir. REED. I wish to be indulged for a moment to make a control and allegeu uictatorship upon the events and conduct of statement. I do not want to object to the consideration of a bill mankind in America? All forms of interrogatory will spdng that is urged in this way. but I can not give my consent to take forth with great confusion. up an important bill that has not been read until I have had l\Ir. President, addressing myself to those who circulate this an opportunity at least to read it. petition, as well as to this distinguished body, let me say that The VICE PRESIDENT. The Senator from Illinois has the there has been n misapprehension. The P,resident has never floor. said that America had no grievance. What the President said WAR WITH GEnMA ·y. in the speech to which I invite the attention of the distinguished l\1r, LEWIS. 1\Ir. President, I have .been requested by certain Senator from New l\Iexico [1\Ir. FALI~]-whose eminent ability of my constituents to present to the Senate a communication, has often been characterized by very drastic utterances here in nd in connection with the communication I should like to condemnation of that which he felt to be wroug-the ~eti::ttor make some observations, possibly for a minute. I wi1l release from New· Mexico made some adversion a few days past to tlti·· the Senate from any attention beyond the length of time re quotatiQn Sl..lpposedly comiag from the President. I replied to quired by the statement. . the accusation at that time. l\Ir. President, what I wi h to I wish to ask if in presenting a petition or memorial at this make clear is that the Presideut of the United States in his time I may address myself to it, or must I wait until after the address said America or \Ve l1ave no special grievance--not that presentation of petitions, letters, or whateyer moi·ning business America di Mr. GORE. I ·win say, in response to that suggestion, that sion, to define its powers and duties, and for· other ·purpose .." approved September 26, 1914, shall be construed as t>xtending to- unfair methods if the Senator will permit the bill to be made the unfinished of competition used in export trade again t competitors engaged in business in this way, I will consent to laying it aside in order export trade, even tilongb the acts con tituting such unfair metilods are that the Senator fi-om Ohio [Mr. PoMERENE] may proceed with done without the terrltoriai jurisdiction of the United ~tates. SEC. 5. That every association now engaged solely in exp \. 1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. . ~785 Mr. SMITH of Michigan. If it is to apply hereafter to The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Ohio yield corporations and firms organized for the purpose of engag~ng to the Senator from Missouri? in the export trade, and that is the purpose of the act-to Mr. POMERENE. I do. ~ supervise and regulate and authorize. corporations or firms to Mr. REED. If it will not interrupt the Senator's line of - engnge in export trad~that changes the aspect of the bill very thought, let me suggest that he is now making a general state-- materfal1y from my point of view. ment. I should like to know to what extent governments have Mr. TOWNSEl~D. Mr. President, will my colleague yield? engaged in business, what governments have so engaged, and in l\lr. Sl\liTH of Michigan. Certainly. what lines of business. Mr. TOWNSEND. The language, I think, if my colleague Mr. POMERENE. 1\Ir. President, I do not think I can give will read it carefully, does provide for exactly that thing. As the Senator very exact information with regard to that, but I recall, there were in existence some· small concern that were since the war began the British Government has been buying doing practically entirely an export business, but not very food and other military supplies, the French Government has extensively; and the law was so framed as to cover not only been doing the same thing, and the Italian Government, as I any that might be in existence now but any that might be understand, th~ satn"e thing. . }lereafter organized. Mr. REED. But, 11-ir. President, surely that is not the kind of Mr. SMITH of Michigan. I have another point in my mind, interference with business, or entering into business, that the if the Senator from Ohio will permit this observation: Is this Senator was discussing fl moment ago. That is simply a case of nn attempt to relieve any corporation or association now en- the government buying things that the government needs, which g:.!ge 1\Ir. PO:l\IERENE. And I think that by the amendments 1\Ir. NORRIS. 1\!r. President-- which were accepted by the majority of the committee at the 1\lr. PO""fERENE. Pardon tne just a niinute. But we sought last ession of Congress we have prevented any evil that might to avoid, or at least minimize, this re ult by forbidding these arise in that respect. · associations from doing anything which would artificially en The VICE PRESIDENT. Does the Senator from Ohio yield hance these prices or which would intentionally and unduly en to the Senator from Utah? hance them, and we used that phrase because we had in mind Mr. POl\fERENE. I yield to the Senator from Utah. the fact that under the natural laws of trade there would be 1\:Ir. KING. Perhaps the amendments to which· the Senator some effect upon prices. I yield to the Senator from Nebraska. refers may obviate the difficulty to which I was about to refer; l\Ir. NORRIS. : wish to ask the Senator sev-eral question in and I will pretermit the question I was about to ask until those regard to the bill. First, wlil not. the effect of the pas age of -amendments are submitted. the bill be that what would be illegal, eyen a crime, if com 1\lr. PO:MERE~'E. The Senator has Illisunderstood me, or mitted with regard to domestic commerce and against our own else I ha-ve not made myself .clear. We 1-eported at the. last people at home, would not be illegal if the same thing we're session of Congress a bill which had J)assed the House favorably, done in foreign commerce against foreigners? •with the e amendments to 'vhicb I have just referred; and at 1\Ir. POl\IEREl>.TE. l\Ir. Pre ident, I think that point bas the 'beginning of the present session I introduced in the Sen been covered by our Supreme Court. I do not have before me ate the Hon e bill with those amendment incorporated in it, so now the case, but it was in a case involving a contract with that it appear heTe as an original bill. respect to bananas. as I remember it, in which it was held that 1\lr. KING. Then. if the Senator will permit me, I will state the criminal pronsions of the Sherman law did not apply to that I have received a number of a>mmunications in which an a contract made with respect to the sale of bananas in foreign apprehension was expressed in regard to this bill. The inti countries. mation is made in the e communications that a number of do .In further explanation of what the Senator evidently bas in mestic manufacturers desiring export trade might form ·a corpo mind I refer him to ection 4 and the latter part of section 5. ration, and by means of that corporation affect, if not directly, I call his attention especially to the last two paragraphs of !Certainly indirectly, the domestic trade, the domestic prices, and section 5, which confer upon the Federal Trade Commission domestic commerce, and to that extent might create a monopoly full power over any agreements, transactions, or acts of any of and enhance the pricPs of the domestic article "to the local con- these a. ociations in the foreign trade; and if the commission uruer. I hall be very glad if the Senator will make it clear should finu that their agreements, acts, or transactions are vio that this bill will not in any way permit the corporation that lative of the provisions of this bill or, for that matter, of any of may be formed for export trade to effectuate the object to our antitru t laws, it can make recommendations for the read which I ha-ve l'eferred. justment of their business, and if they fail to comply with them 1\lr. P01\1ERENE. ~1r. President, that was just one of the to make report of i:heir findings and recommendations to the difficnlties with "\Vhich the Senate committee bad to deal, and Department of Justice for their action thereon. we feel that we have met it; and if Senators will give me just 1\Ir. NORRIS. I understand the Federal Trade Commission a few minute , I think I can explain how we have met it. has a general supervision over these contracts, but at the same J:n the first section of the bill we define " export trade " in time the Federal Trade Commission would not have authority, this language : as I understand it, thus to take any action contrary to the law That the words "export trade" wherever used In this act mean itself. Does not the law permit the doing of things in the for solely trade or commerce in goods. wares, or met'chandise exported, or eign trade which if done in the dome tic trade would be con tn the course of being exported "from the United States or any Terr14 trary to law, and is not that one of the objects of the legisla tory thereof t.J IUJ.V foreign nation. tion? Then, we seek by words of -exclu ion to ftrrther define and 1\Ir. POMERENE. I think perhaps I explained that a mo limit it. In the bill which pas ed the House at the last session, ment ago. this language is used: Mr. NORRIS. The Senator did. as far as criminal acts are But the words "export trade" shan not be deemed to include the · concerned. • production, manufacture, trading in, or :marketing within the United , Mr. POl\:IERENE. The purpose is simply to legalize asso States. ciations in developing the foreign trade, about which there The Senate committee struck out the words "trading in, or was considerable ·doubt in the minds of many able lawyers marketing" and substituted for them the phrase " or selling without this legislation. for consumption within the United Stutes," so that the e ex: 4 Mr. NORRIS. But would those same as ociations be illegal port trade a ociations can buy in the United States for the pnr4 under our law if they engaged in our domestic trade? po e of selling abroad. "But we wanted to prev-ent them from 1\:Ir. POMEREJ\'E. .They would be if they were engaged in in any way absorbing the domestic trade, o we cllanged the domestic trade. The Senator is right. language so a to prevent them from " selling for consumption 1\fr. NORRIS. That is the point I want to get at. I want within the United State ." to ask the Senator another question. 1 am seeking to get light Now, if with that e:\..'"Planation I may go on to the second on the object of the legislation. He spoke of the handicap that section, I bave before me now a copy of the bill which was American manufacturers and exporters had in competition in reported at the last se sion -of the Senate with the amendments foreign cotmtries with foreign companies and associations. I un the committee proposed. Section 2 then read as it passed the derstand the: object of this combination in the foreign trade is Rouse: to enable those who combine to sell in forei"'n trade cheaper That nothing contained in the act entitled "An act to protect trade than they would be able to ell if they were not allowed to com and commerce ·against 1llllawful restraints and monopolies,.. approved bine ; otherwise th"€re could not be any object I can ee in per July 2, 1890, shall be CQpstrued as declaring to be illegal an assQctntlon entered lnto for the sole purpose of engaging in export trade and mitting the combination. actually engaged solely in such export trade, o~· an agreement made or Mr.' POl\IERENE. Yes. -act done in the cour e of export trade by such association, provided Mr. NORRIS. Now, the v-ery same combination we permit such associ.atlon, agreement, or act is not in re tra.int of trade within the United States and does not restrain the export trade of the United by this law to reduce the price of the product to the consumer States. we prohibit. in our domestic commerce for the reason that we In other words, the language of the House bill first authorized go on the theory at lea t that it increased the cost of the prod- these associations to organize for the purpo e of J:'esb:aining in uct to; the consumer. Is not that true? · l\1r. POlUERENE. No; I think the Senator is not correct ·some sense the export trade, but at the same time adopted an in that statement. When it comes to our domestic trade, · of amendment on the floor of the House which read : course, by combination they can reduce expense and at the And does not restrain the export trade of the United States. same time they can and do increase the price to the consumer. ·The committee recommended the striking out of that last Mr. NORRIS. That is the danger of combination. clau e and sub tituting the following: Mr. POMEUEJIITE. I beg pardon. And is not in restraint of the export trade of any domestic competi 1\:Ir. NORRIS. I think that iS one of the dangers of combina tor of such as ociation: Provided., That such a ociation doe not, tion, and it is one of the objects of our law in making it i11egal. ett:her in the United tate or elsewhere, enter into any agreeme;nt, Mr. POMEREJ\TE. I realize that yery well, but it was be understanding, or conspiracy, '(U' do any act which artificially or inten tionally and unduly enhances prices within the United States o.! com cause of that fact we passed the Sherman antitrust law of 1890. modities of the class exported by such association. It wa intentled to meet a very grievous evil in our domestic Of course, we all recognize that under the law of su.pply ,ami commerce. But now, when it comes to our dealing with our demand the ale of any products abroad will to some extent competitors abroad, we are not concerned about giving to the affect the supply and therefore the prices of goods do.mesticaUy ; foreign consumer a minimum price. ·-- but we sought-- · Mr. NORRIS. No; but-- 1917. CONGRESSION.A.L -RECORD-SENATE. 2787 :Mr-~ POMERENE. Pardon iiie just a m.inute. But we are left, bnt you ought also to put something more in thei·e so that interested in putting our domestic business men upon a. footing it would forbid a conspiracy to do any act which artificially us nearly equal to the foreign competitor as we can. or intentionally and unduly enhances or decreases prices in the lli. NORRIS. I agree to that. But the Senator, I think, United States, so that one of these exporters' associ.o'ltions may must see this point-be argued it himself-that our exporters not rob the tohacco farmer of KC?ntuc1."Y and North Carolina and were handicapped from the fact that they could not compete-.in the cotton farmer of Mississippi and Alabama by using this im foreign countries with the foreign associations, and I take it mense power ·for the purpose of bearing down the price· within that that means that the foreigner underbid us-that is, he the United States,. because if there is that immense power- given sold cheaper to the consumer than we were able to do. , So the them they can decrease the price in the export market of cotton, object of the combination abroad is to sell cheaper to the con- for example, where two-thirds of the product is exported~ ancl sumer. _ if so.,. they L.ecessarily decrease its price in the home market at Mr. P0:\1ERENE. In the foreign trad~ the ;:;arne time. So I suggest to the Senntor to consider at any l\Ir. NORRIS. Yes·. If that is true, while there may be rate the suggestion of putting the words " or decreases " after sufficient reason for it-I am not saying there is-it seems to the word " enhances," in line 2, page 3. me we ate square up -against this proposition, that we are 1\!r. POMERENE. The suggestion is a valuable one. I am going to permit combination in foreign trad~ to reduce ~~e J?ri~e not prepared to- say whether I would be quite willing to accept of articles to the consumer, but we are gomg to proh1b1t It m it at the present time.. But would not this be the natural thing - domestic trade, because it increases the price to the consumer. for these exporters to do? Are they not interested in getting l\1r. POMERE!\'E. If the Senator will note the first definition just as high a price for their cotton abroad as they can get? of the phrase " export trade " in section 1, and then note- the Mr. WILLIAMS: No. _, limitation in section 2--- Mr. PO:\fERENE. Why? l\lr. NORRIS. Yes; I have done that. 1\.fr. WJLLIAl\fS. Because they are interested in buying the Mr. POMERENE. Section 2· gives them the right to m~e cotton as cheaply as possible, so tha.t they can sell it abroad these agreements and do all these acts, but these acts, in the as cheaply as possible against the cotton of India and Egypt, first place, shall not be in restraint of trade within the United while they secure the same profit or a higher profit.- There is States, and they shall not be in restraint of the export trade of no use of talking about that. All cotton exporters who are any domestic competitior. That means one of our own citizens cotton buyers buy the cotton as cheaply as they can, while the in the foreign trade. . man who produces the cotton sells it as big~ as he knows how, Mr. NORRIS. Yes; I understand that. and we put in competition with one another the Liverpool man l\Ir. PO~REJ\TE . . Then the last proviso is- who buys cotton and the American man who buys it for the in. That such association does not, either in the United States or else manufacturers each rountry. - where, enter into any a.greement. understanding. or conspiracy, or. do Mr. JONES of New Mexico. Mr. President-- any act which artificially or intentionally and unduly enhances pr1ces The PRESIDING OFFICER-. Does the Senator from Ohio within the United States of commodities of the class exported by such yield to the Senator from New Mexico? association. Mr. POMERENE. I yield. , 1\Ir. NORRIS. I think it is perfectly plain that the object is 1Ur~ JONES of New l\Ie4ico. I had intended to suggest the there that they shall not enter into any conspiracy in regard to \ery point that has just been suggested by the Senator from the articles here in the United States; but is it not the very 1\Iississippi. It seems to me that it should be carried a little opposite that they are permitted to do in the foreign trade? further. The Senator from l\lississippi suggests what ·might Mr. PO.. IERENE. So far as the foreign trade is concerned, we happen to cotton and tobacco-. · The same thing might also are giving them the right to ente1· into these associations for the happen with regard to wheat and corn or any other agricultural purpose of seizing the foreign trade, if possible, whether in -the product.. land of our competitors or in the land of some third nation. We While, of course, I am not prepared to suggest the remedy, believe that as long as these practices exist in the foreign coun might not the scope of this bill be limited to manufactured - try among their citizens and business men we ought ngt to deny products, so that the foreign buyer ·may not have to look to one those privileges to our own business people in seeking the for exporting concern as fixing the price of' any given agricultural eign trade. To refuse our people the right to form these asso commodity? ciations is to handicap them in selling abroad. Mr. POMERENE. I do not think that would be- likely to l\Ir. NORRIS. There is a question in my mind whether we happen. We, of course, raise a large surplus of wheat and of ought to require one rule of conduct in dealing with our own cotton in this country, and I think that, while it is possible people and permit a different and more liberal one when dealing that some of these organizations might enter into some agree with some one else. After all, the object of it is to reduce the ment for the purpose of reducing the prices which they were overhead expenses by the combination, and in theory every com to get from their vendees, yet at the same time I can not under bination can do that. We know, as the Senator said, in prac stand what would be the motive back of it. tice that is not tlle result, as a rule, and that is the reason why 1\Ir. JONES of New Mexico. Mr. President-- we prohibit it; but it does not seem to me quite right that we The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Ohio should permit a combination to deal in foreign trade that we further yield to the Senator from New Mexico? prohibit in dealing in domestic trade. :Mr. POMERENE. I yield. 1\Ir. POl\iERENE. Mr. President, from the standpoint of l\Ir: JONES of New 1\fexiC"o. I do not pretend to be an ex world ethics there is great force in what the Senator from pert in regard to the tobacco market, but I have ofte-n heard the Nebraska says, but we have not reached that high plane of busi observation that there are certain classes of tobacco in the ness morals which will permit us to extend the same privileges United States which are used pr-incipally by one foreign na to the peoples of the earth outside of the United States that we tion, and the purchasers of that tobacco have combined so us to extend to those within the United States. absolutely control the price of that commodity in this countr-y. Mr. WILLIAl\IS. l\Ir. President-- If the organization permitted by this bill is to combine in such The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. SHAFROTH in the chair). a way that it·might control the supply of the commodity in this Does the Senator from Ohio yield to the Senator from Mis country-that is, the supply which would go into the export· sissippi? trade--it would really furQish but one vendor of the commodity Mr. P01\IERENE. I yield. and would enable that vendor to .so arrange the foreign market Mr. 'Vll.LIA1\1S. Mr. President, I can un Mexico [1\fr. Jo:\'ES] and the Senator from Mississippi have in " or !' ; in the same line, before the word ~· association " to strike mind. I now yield to the Senator from Massachusetts. out the word " or " and to insert the word "'Of " ; in line 18, Mr. WEEKS. I am in.favor of the principle which underlies before the .word " organization," to strike out the word " the " this bill · I think legislation of this kind should be enacted; but and. to insert the word " its " ; and in line 20, to strike out the I am a good deal disturbed by the language which is being now word "of," the first word in the line, and insert "to," so as t.o discus eel. I do not see how any man is going_ to determine read: what will artificially enhance prices, however honest he may be. SEc.· 5. That every association now engaged solely In export trade, and I do not see how any. body of men can say what " unduly within 60 .days after the passage of this act, and every association en• enhances prices." What is the standard which is going· to gov tered into hereafter which engages solely in export trade, within ao days after its creation, shall tile with the Federal Trade Commission a ern them in determining an undue enhancement of a price or an verified writt~n statement setting forth the location (Jf Its offices or artificial enhancement of a price? Of course, if the language of 'places of -business and the names and addresses of all its officers and of the bill were limited to "enter into any conspiracy which in all its stockholders or members, and if a corporation. a ropy of its certificate or articles of incorporation and by-laws, and if unincor tentionally enhances prices," that would be perfectly plain an~ porated, a copy of its articles or contract of association, nnd on the frank and there would be no objection to it, but the other quall 1st day of January cf each year thereafter it shall make a like state fying 'words, it seems to me, are going. to trouble for ment of the location of its offices or places of busine·ss and the names ~uild ~p and addresses of all its officers and of all its stockholders .otJr members the very men who are going to engage m this busmess, and are and of all amendments to and changes in its articles or certificateR of O'oing to retard the effect which otherwise it might have. . incorporation or in Its articles OL' contracts of association. It shall ~ Mr. POMERENE. 1\Ir. President, I desire to say, in answer also furnish to the commission sucb information as the commissjon may require as to its organiz'i tion, business, concluct, practices, n~anagem e nt . to tlle Senator from Massachusetts-- . and relation to other associations, corporations, partnership~, and indi l\1r. KELLOGG rose. · · viduals. 1.\fr. POMERENE. One moment, please, and then I will yield The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without objection, . the amend- to the Senator from Minnesota-that I think if the Senator from ment is agreed to. _ Massachusetts had given some thought to the formulation of )\fr. McCUMBER. M:r. President, before voting on this bill a rule which would permit the advocates of this measure to do I think we might haYe some terse and direct information from what it is sought to do, and at the same time make it per- the Senator in charge ns to exactly what it will clo ann what it .fectlv dear so as to meet all contingencies, he would realize the will not do. If I unllerstand the purpose and intent of this bLll, . ta!':l/ \\·hich confronted the committee. It must be borne in mind it is to allow an act to be legitimate if done in connection ·with th;·t all these a(Treements all these acts, all these associations, the export trade which would be illegitimate if done in relation are nnder the st~pervision 'of the Federal Trade Commission, and to our general internal trade. I understand that that is ngreed that they will be acting as an advisory board in the same ca to by the Senator having the bill in charge. pacity they now act in onr domestic commerce with reference to Mr. POMERENE. When it comes to the matter of the organi the evil of unfair competition. . zation of associations or entering into contracts for the perform I dare say that we can cite concrete cases which the .Senator ance of any aC't in the foreign trade. and I would at once agree were unfair competition; but it Mr. 1\fcCUl\fBER. On the face of it-- would be utterly impossible for us, and it ha~ been impossible Mr. POMERENE. Let me qualify that further by saying, for any' lawyer or any court, to give a comprehensive definiti_on in the foreign trade, as defined in section 1 of this bill. of "unfair competition" which is going to meet every contm l\lr. 1\fcCUl\fBER. Upon the face of the bill to one who has gency tbht may arise. Our thought was that, if we could frame not made a special study of it, as have the Senator and the this bill in such a way a~ to show the real purpose, the general members of his committee, it would appear that the purpose is purpose, with respect to foreign_t:ade, the Fed~1:al 'l:'rad~ C~m to make that which is illegitimate relating to the people of the mission could be trusted to apply It to cases ansmg m pra~t1ce. United States perfectly legitimate when relating to foreign l\1r. WEEKS. l\Ir. President, assuming that we are willing peoples. I desire to ask the Senator if, under this bill, as he to do that and that the conclusion of the commission might be would amend it, it would be perfectly legitimate for manufac altogether wise, what assurance has the commiss_ion that the turers in this country to combine to fix the prices of their prod Depm,tment of Justice may D;Ot take a diiierent v_1~w' and pro ucts exported to a foreign country? ceed against these combinatwns under the provtswns of the l\I.r. POMERENE. They could combine for the purpose of Sherman Antitrust Act? ·offering bids, for the purpose of entering into contracts, and for . l\Ir. POMERENE. It might do that. the purpose of fixing the price which they would offer to a l\.fr. KELLOGG. 1.\:Ir. President-- foreign consumer. '1\ir. POl\1ERENE. But, if. the Senator from Minnesota will l\fr. 1\:IcOUl\fBER. Then, while we are at war, with hnlf the permit me, if it related to the foreign trade-and t~at_ is the world on our side nnd the other half against us, exporters in tbis purpo: e of this bill-! think it is pretty clear, at least It IS clear country could buy up food products and combine to fix the prices to my O\Vn mind, that the criminal penalties under the Sherman of those products in selling them to .our allies. So, too, the antih·ust Jaw would not apply to these foreign contracts or manufacturers and exporters of munitions of war, under tlw associations. provisions of this bill as it will be when amended, can legiti The PRESIDING OFFICER. poes the Senator from Ohio mately enter into contracts with each other to "hold up" our yiel ican trader who seeks to monopolize any product in the Ameri bushel of wheat abroad, and are we to encourage this by a modi can market for the export trade, that he may ~me here and fication of our wholesome laws? If we propose to encourage associate himself with others for that purpose, solely without our uomestic commer-ce and stimulate wholesome competition, the restrlctions or the restraints which the American business we· ought at least· not to make it easier for combinations of man is obliged to meet. capital to direct our necessaries of life into foreign channels I assert, without any hesitation whatever, that a company rather than to trade among ourselves. I am a firm believer-in organized to control the wheat product of the United States, the importance of the domestic market place. It is of so ruuch _ if such a thing were possible in the present crisis, would have more importance to the country than our' foreign trade that I warrant for so doing under the law of the United' States if marvel that people think so much and speak so often of the his purpose was to sell it for export. I say that there is not a small excess whlch we send abroad. Why, our foreign ti·ad-e is refiner of sugar in Aln{'rica who coulu not create an organiza nothing compared with our domestic commerce; and yet men tion, with headquarters anywhere in the United States, for the engaged in our domestic commerce are to be limited and re purpose of bu'ying and refining sugar for export, and thus buy stricted and restrained in the exercise of their enterprise and every ounce of sugar that comes to this country from Cuba with Lnitiative, while the widest possible latitude is afforded to out the restraints and tfw restrictions of the law which are im:. other' associations in foreign commerce. posed upon the -American dealer; such an organization could Mr. McCUMBER. Mr. President--' deplete the American supply of .this or any other product, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Michi -and under the protection of the law do inca culable harm to the gan yield to the Senator from North Dakota? uomestic consumer. 1\fr. Sl\flTH of Michigan. Certainly. 1\lr. KELLOGG. 1\fr. President-- Mr. McCUMBER. I just want to suggest to the Senator The__pRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from North that as I understand this amendment, it would -so leave our Dakota yield to the Senator from Minnesota? antih·ust laws that all the exporters of grain, say, .could select Mr. McCUMBER. I yield to the Senator from 1\Iinnesota.. a single agent who would have control of the selling of all of Mr. KELLOGG. I should like to ask the Senator from North their exports and leave in the hands of one man tile right to fix Dakota if foreign countries in relation to theil· manufacturers their prices. . and shippers make any- restrictions at all? · Mr. KENYON. Mr. President, I should like to ask the Senator 1\Ir. McCUMBER. I do not know that they do. from North Dakota what would -be the result of that kind of an 1\ir. KELLOGG. England anu France, w.ho are engaged in arrangement as to prices? Prices would go up, would they not? tllis war, permit their manufacturers to combine in selling to Mr. McCUl\IBER. Yes; but it might not affect the prices much foreign countries, and also-- in the United States. Mr. l\1cCUl\1BER. And -also to their own, do they not? Mr. KENYON. No. Mr. KELLOGG. Yes; and also to their own. Mr. McCUMBER. But it would make them go up excessively Mr. 1\fcCUl\IBER. They have not made any different law to a foreign country. applicable to their own people and the rest of the world, so far Mr. KENYON. Yes; to the people abroad who are now bor • as I know, unless by their tariff laws, with bounty provisions, rowing money from us in order to live. anu so forth. but we seek here to make an act a crime that is 1\lr. McCUl\lBER. Yes; we would loan them the money, ancl committed ngainst an American citizen which is to be perfectly the money would be in the shape of a credit on this side, and then legitimate if committed against the citizen of any other country. they could buy back our wheat and war munitions at four times I understand that the Senator from Ohio admits that that is true. their cost. • In other words, he admits that our exporters of foodstuffs· may Mr. POINDEXTER. l\1r. President-- combine to fix the prices of food products, and in that way The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Michi they may cripple the very countries with which we have joined gan yield to the Senator from Washington? in prosecuting a great war. I do not believe it is good policy, Mr. Sl\fiTH of Michigan. Certainly. whether we are in war or out of war, ·to declare that a certain Mr. POINDEXTER. As I understand the objection being act is a crime if committed against an American citizen; but made by the Senator from Michigan, it is rather the opposite that it i.e;; 1;>erfectly permi ible if committ_ed against a citizen of end of the transaction from that just referred to by the Sen any other country. ator from Iowa. It is very true that the establishment of :1. Mr. SMITH of Michigan. :Mr. President, if the Senator will common selling agency abroad would be for the purpose of holu allow me-- ing up the price artd getting as much as possible, under the old The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from North law maxim that the seller sells for as much as he can. Dakota yield to the Senator from Michigan? Mr. S_l\IITH of Michigan. Yes. Mr. l\1cCIDIBER. I yield the floor. .Mr. POINDEXTER. But under the authority to combine, Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Then I will make my observations the same identical motive would permit combinations main in my own time. tained in the United States to put down the prices _in the The producers of print paper in the United States who are United .States. The agent that was engaged in buyin!; wheat, now under investigation for an attempted violation of the Sher for instance, in the United States, to sell in Germany o/r France, man antitrust law could, .under this act. do exactly what they would want to buy it at as low a price as ha possibly could in are prosecuted for doing if they confined their operations to the the United State.S, and this would enable him to do it; and the export trade either with European countries, Canada:, Central tendency would be to put the price down in the United States. or South America. · Mr. MYERS. 1\fr. President, will the Senator from Michi Mr. 'JONES of New Mexico. Mr. President-- gan yield to me for-a minute? The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from 1\fichi Mr. S:!\IITH of 1\-Iichigan. Yes, Mr. President; but I wanted gan yield to the Senator from New Mexico? to answer the Senator from Washington. 1\Ir. Sl\IITH of 1\fichigan. I do. Mr. MYERS. Certainly. I will not interrupt tha Senator Mr. JONES of New l\lexico. I should like to ask the Senator at this time. ' if he does not think his point could be met by making changes Mr. SMITH of Michigan. If the Senator desires to say in the language on the second line of page 3 and line 18 of page something to the Senator from Washington, I sllall be very 5 by changing the word " enhances " to the word " affects , ? glad to yield. 1\lr. SMITH of Michigan. No, Mr. President, but I think the l\fr. 1\IYERS. No; if the Senator wants to reply to the suggestion of the Senator from New Mexico would safeguar,d question I will not interrupt him now. one aspect; but you can not meet my entire objection by that 1\fr. Sl\ITTH of 1\Ijchigan. Take the case of sugar, which I kind of an amendment. cit~d just a moment ago. It is a well-known fact that we do Let me say again that the producers of print paper in the not produce the sugar we need; that we are seriously bothered United States-and it is only one of a hundred illustrations at times ip getting enough to supply our domestic consumption. that I can give-are now be.ing prosecuted by the Government \Ve rely upon foreign sugar. When we were at peace -and the of the United States because of a supposed violation of the world was at peace, the European Governments made it abso Sherman law. While they are so arraigned in the courts, it is lutely impossible for any bountyized sugar to "ind its way into possible for those same companies and individuals to associate any of those countries; but now, when the production has together to send every ounce of print paper abroad, at any price fallen off, ancl their domestic product does not meet their re that they might impose, and escape the Sherman antitrust law quirements, they are in the world's market. Our relations entirely. . with Cuba are such that we give them a preferential at our 1\Ir. President, there is not a granary in America that coulu customhouses, and the sugar of Cuba: comes here; but this raw not escape the responsibility of a combination in restraint of sugar is uifferent from the beet sugar, in that he beet sugar is trade by getting together with other granaries and forming an refined at the factory, while the raw sugar goes through tli~ association under the privileges of this law to export every_ sugar-refining company's plant. I assert without any hesita- 2790 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-· SENATE. }fAY 23, I tion whatever that it is possit1e for the refiner of sugar, under 1\Ir. POINDj}XTER. - Would the Senator object to permitting this proposed law, to relieve llimself from the penalti.es of -tl1e tllem to make such bm;iness arrangements as would enable them Sherman law and of the Clayton Act, and carry on an export to get a uetter price in a foreign country for the products of bt:siness in Cuban sugar to be refined in this country without this country? ' any limitations whatever upon his right ·to operate in restraint Of course, the Senutor can not listen to me and listen to the of trade and with dual associations, now prevented by the Senator from Wisconsin at the same time-- Clayton law, with no reference whatever to price or as to the 1\fr. SMITH of Michigan. I am listening to the Senator. sources from which he might gather his capital. · Mr. ~OINDEXTER (continuing). Unless he is· mentally Now, if we are ready to make such an innovation upon well ambidextrous, like some of these Japanese performers whom established laws with referen~e to trade and commerce to you see writing four different ways at once. _which the people of the country have accustomed themselves, Mr. SMITH of Michigan. I do not plead guilty to being all right; but I do not like to ~ee it done in this way. This ·"ambidextrous." I shall be glJld to hear the Senator. is a repeal of the Sherman antitrust law, and it is a repeal of Mr. POINDEXTER. Would the Senator object to their-be the Clayton Act, in that it permits one corporation to own ing able to sell their goods for a better price abroad? stock in another corporation, contrary to that wholesome law. l\lr. SMITH of Michigan. Now, I will answer the Senator. _ If corporations or associations may do this, they may direct In the first place, the oilly thing they can sell abroad is the their activities to any article of American necessity; and if thing that the people abroad want. You can not give them any they address themselves to an al'ticle of American necessity thing they do not want. They would not pay the freight on it. and corner it for purposes of export, they have done incalcula Now, if they want what we want at ·the same time, then the ble damage to the American people, and they have done it Senator can readily understand that any authority of law which with our consent. enables a corubintion to monopolize the domestic supply for the For instance, take the coast, represented so ably by my purpose of export will have a tendency to raise the price of what friends from Washington, who are both doing me the honor to is needed for our domestic consumption. What do we gain by listen to what I have to say. If Capt. Dollar and the Weyer that? hausers .and the Booth-Kellys can step out from under our do Take the case of sugar, to which I referred a moment ago, mestic law and organize a gigantic company to engage in the where our domestic supply is inadequate to meet our demands. export of lumber, they may make more money in that field For the purpose of enabling these favored associations to engage than in this; but are i-·e doing the appropriate thing to encour in the export of sugar, are we to give them extraordinary favors age them to sell an article of necessity_ abroad under the and take them out from under. the wholesome ·restraints of our stimulus of a gigantic organization, lessening_t he home supply, laws? arid fixing prices at an arbitrary standard? And suppose they I thhtk that would be ·strange; are we conspiring against ha\e left one or two operators in the same field outside of their ourselves? We need this sugar at home. If they can combine organization; what is to be the effect then? ·without the resu·aints of the Sherman law and fix the price at I think grE>ai harm could work out of this statute. I think 20 cents a pound for sugar, on the theory of this bill, they it is most inopportune. At a time when the temptation exists would be justified in doing so, regardless of the necessities of to g_et large profits even on the part of those who are restrained our own people. · by our corporate laws, 1\lr~ President, it seems to me that we 1.\Ir. ~ POINDEXTER. They are not able to do that when • are showing- very great lack of consideration for our country sugar is low. How could they do it if sugar is Ligh? If they men when we deliberately open the way to the organipation of can· not sell sugar at the present prices, how could they sell it a gigantic monopoly fn foodstuffs, in munitions, and in ·other at increased prices? products, which will be absolutely unrestrained in their broad 1.\:fr. SMITH of Michigan. They --can not sell it abroad at quest for gain. , certain periods because the sugar-producing countries of the As a protectionist I have always believed that we should offer Old World will not allow them to sell it abroad. For years not inducements for Europeans to come here and establish their a ton of Cuban sugar has been sold in a European market place factories and 'employ our labor and manufacture their products because we were extending them special favors and y reason here; but as ~ protectionist I am far from convinced that we of such favors· they were not permitted to vend their sugar in can wisely create favorite zones for the conduct of our export Europe. · rade and give them advantages over t11e pe8ple engaged in our ~lr. POINDEXTER. I do not think that this question would domestic commerce. · have any effect on the sugar market at all. I have always favored a policy that would stimulate compe 1\Ir. SMITH of Michigan. Only by creating a scarcity of the tition in this market place in order that our people might gE't product at home, which this bill enables combinations to do, the necessities of Jife at the lowe. t possible cost.· I have re without lE>gal responsibility to the American people. joiced wl1en I have seen people abandon their foreign homes Mr. POINDEXTER. We would be exporters of sugar. The and come over here and engage in our commeTce, and by so remark of the Senator that foreign countries did ·not permit ·doing they have fessened the cost of production mauyfold. suga1· to be imported under such prohibitive tariff regulations But here is a case where, for the sole purpose of getting into as to build up the domestic sugar industry furnishes also an a larger. export trade, we pass out -favors tB.at would not be answer to some extent to the objection advanced by the Senator tolerated in our domestic industry. I see great danger in it, I from North Dakotn, which has a great cleal of merit to it. It am frank to say. I know that the Senutor from Ohio and his answers this, that n hen we come to dealing in foreign countries as ociates are animated by a high purpose No one questions with great·independent sovereignties we can leave it to them to their motives, but they are overzealous and the plan immature protect themselves. They control the trade in tlieir domain. We and, in my opinion, ill advised. need not be uneasy about our foreign e .~.'I>Orters working any Mr. POINDEXTER. 1\fr. President-- injustice upon the people in Great Britain or France, because The PUESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from l\1ichi they have gr~a t intelligent governments that know how to en gan yield to the Senator from Washington? act laws for the protection bf themselves ·from any trade in l\Ir. SMITH of Michigan. Certainly. justice. l\Ir. POINDEXTER. I have a great regard for the Sena Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Necessity knows no bouncls. The e tor's opinion upon tl1is or any other que tion, a nd it is for the combinations would take advantage of the worhl's neces ·ities, purpose of ascertaining his opinion that I am interrupting him. and we would be included· in such a raid. - I readily agree with the Senator in opposition to anything · 1\lr. KELLOGG. Mr. President-- in this bill, if there is anything in it-and I am not sure but The PRESIDING Ol!'l.i'ICER Does the Senator from l\li~bi 'that there is-which would tend toward weakening the anti gan yield to the Senator from .-1\Iinnesotu? trust Jaws as they apply to our domestic trade; but I should 1\lr. Sl\1ITH of Micl1igan. I (10. I was about to yield the like to make this inquiry of the Senator: A.ssu.t;ning that ''"e floor. can exclude from the operation of the bill effects upon domestic 1\Ir. KELLOGG. I do not wish to muke any extended state trade, and effects upon domestic supply. ahd demand, and ex ment at this time, but I shoulll like to suggest to the Senator clude the effect which the Senator fears of th-e prices of necessi from Michigan whether or not, wilen the war-closes, this coun ties of life ·being ~nhanced to o.ur own people by some com try is not going to engage in >Cry keen competition with for bination in restraint of trade, does the Senator object to an eign countries for foreign trade. I nm not talkinO' of the con arrangement by which those of our people who are engaged in ditions that exist during the war; I doubt if this bill would selling goods in foreign countries can be .put upon an equal ha\e an;}~ effect during the ''ar; -but after the war 'is ove1.·, is it footing with the people in competition with whom they are do not a--fact that we are going to be eqgage ·titis country, an 2792 CONGRESSIONAL RECOR]}.:..-.SEN ATE. MAY 23, Mr. REED. 1\1r. President, I hope this bill will iiot·be forced of, and the basic facts relating to the ownership, production, trans on us this afternoon. · · po.rtation, -manufacture. storage, and distribution of foods, food mate rials, feeds, seeds, fertilizers, agri~ultural implements and machinery, Mr. GORE. There is :a tacit understanding, at least, that it and any article rcqujred in connection with the production, distribu will not be forced to :a vote t~day. , tion, or utilization of food- Mr. REED4 Wby must it oome on at this particular moment1 That is pretty broad, is it not? Why can it not go over nnd take its ordinary course and be It shall be the duty of any pers-on, when requested by the Secretary cn.iled up after U is laid over? I am not going to be stubborn of Agriculture, or any agent acting under his instructions to answer about the matter. There seems to be a spirit just now very ac correetly, to the best of his kno-wledge, all question nece sary to carry into effect the provisions of this section. Any person who shall refuse ttve th:at· the House and Senate are not doing anything unless ' or willfully neglect to answer any such question, or who shall willfully they are doing it o.n the double quick. I want to read the bill give answers that are false, !Shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and with some care. I eonfess that I h.ave a good deal•of fE?nr of Upon C0DV1Cti0D thereof, Sh.'ill be punished by a 1 fine not exceeding every bill that is brought in of this eharacter. I find that it is $1,000, or by Imprisonment not exceeding one year, or both. boldly proposed to turn over the control of the prices of food of Now, lfr. President, that is the creation of a powe~· in an 100,000,000 people to one man. individual who is not a judicial officer to enforce the attend 1\fr. SMITH of South Carolina. That is not this bilL ance of witnesses and to compel disclosures, not indeed when · Mr. REED. Oh. no; but when I find a bill comes here from there is a case in controversy but when he desires to know the same source, 0. K'd with other bills that propose to control something. It is the delegation to him of an authority which the prices of everything in the land, I assume that the bill it is doubtful that it exists in the Senate of the United States originateft. with the Agricultural Department. or in the House of Representatives upon an in-vestigation duly Mr. HARDWICK. If the Senator will permit me, while I ·begun. It proposes to give to a deputy, some subordinate ap· am not on the committee, I think if the Senator will examine pointed by the Secretary of Agriculture, the right to walk into the bill he will not think it originated with the Department of any man's place of business and make any inquiry he desires Agriculture. • with reference to that business, and to send that man to prison Mr. REED. Perhaps not, but I have· not had a chance to for one year if he does not instantly answer this inquiry-this examine it, and all I am asking is a chance to Tead it over impudent and unlawful inquiry. Does the Senator say there once. .. is nothing in this bill to look at? Mr. HARDWICK. If the Senator will pardon me agai~ if 1\lr. GORE. I will say, if the Senator will pardon me---: he will read it over once he will see tl}at it is not a very dan 1\lr. REED. Certainly. · gerous bilL 1\fr. GORE. The question as to whether or not this is wise or • Mr. REED. I say that I have not had a chance to read it unwise legislation is, of com· e, an open question. The question o-ver once. n:s to whether it is a safe or unsafe power to vest in the Secretary Mr. THOMAS. I have had a chance to read it ov-er once, and of Agriculture is, of cour e, an open question. But that it is I find it contains the usual appropriations of millions. revolutionary is entirely a mistake. The language which the Mr. McCU:l\1BER. Mr. President-- Senator re.ad and upon which he is commenting is a readaptation The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from .Mis of sections 23 and 24 of the Thirteenth Census act. It is the souri yield to the Senator from North Dakota? fruit of 120 years' e~'J)erience. I am advised by the Census l\fe. REED. I am just"asking the Senator from Oklahoma Office that it has worked 'vith perfect satisfaction and has occa if he Will not let the bill go over. I am not going to object to sioned no friction and no annoyance on the part of the public. taking it up, but I say to him--. It has answered every purpose. Mr. GORE. .A.s I suggested a moment ago, it is virtually the This is a food census, and we are pursuing the ordinary course understanding with the Senator from Utah [l\1r. Kr G] that the and adopting the ordinary means and observing the ordinary bill will not be brought to a vote to-day. I think there are some precedents. It is, in fact, a reenactment of the census law with amendments to which the Senator from Missouri will have no reference to food statistics. It certainly is not revolutionary, but objection, even if be should object to the bill as a whole. So it has become a settled pt·actice or policy on the part of the Gov we would probably save time. It is in the interest of economy ernment. of time that I ask the Senate to ~roceed at least to consider l\Ir. Sl\IOOT. 1\fr. President, a parliamentary inquiry. Has the amendments. The bill will not each a final vote to-day. the Senate voted to take this bill up for consideration? 1\Ir. ROBINSON. Will the Senator from Oklahoma yield for 1\Ir. GORE. No, sir; it has not. I asked unanimous consent a question? · to take it up. Mr. GORE. I yield. 1\Ir. SMOOT Evidently there is a desire on the part of some 1\Ir. ROBL.~SON. Is it the purpo e of the Senator from Senators that the bill shall go over until to-morrow. Oklahoma to make a tatement analyzing the provisions of the 111r. GORE. It was taken. up once and was laid aside. No bill? objection was interposed at that time. Of course, anybody c:m Mr. GORE. I will say that has been done in a very brief way object who sees fit. I am not certain as to the status of the in a report which accompanies the bill and is probably on the bill on the calendar. I have preferred a request for unanimous Senator's desk. It has not been my intention to do it for rea~ consent to proceed to its consideration. sons the Senator will understand, but ~uch analysis will un Mr. SMOOT. That request is pending now? doubtedly de-velop in tl1e course of the discussion. 1\fr. GORE. Yes, sir. l\1r. McCUMBER. l\lr. Pre ident-- Mr. SMOOT. I under tood as I came into the Chamber, hav· The PRESIDING OFFICER. Does the Senator from Okla- ing been called out for a few moments) that the Senator had homa yield to the Senator from North Dakota? · mo\ed to take up the bill. Mr. GORE. ' I yield. . . 1\Ir. . GORE. I think the Chair possibly put it in the form of a Mr. l\IcCU1\IBER. I wish to ask the Senator a question and motion, although the request w-as for unanimou consent. see if I am correct. If I am, I do not think it will take long Mr. SMOOT. I do not want to interfere now with the Senator to consider the bilL If I understand it correctly, there are from Missouri. thr:ee objects of the bilL It first provides that the Secretary of 1\Ir. REED. I simply want to say that when Senators stated Agriculture shall do exactly what he is already doing, and -to the bill did not contain anything but two or three little trifling do that it -provides for some as istance. Second, it allo\\S the matters, they were in error. It is no trifling matt r to give any Secretary of Agriculture to buy seeds :md to sell them a O'ain ; man, I do not care who l1e is, the right to appoint a flock of and t11ird and last, in addition to the e twc. authorizations, deputies to go out and call on every man in the United States there is a provision in the bill making an appropriation of for information, and if be does not give it to send that man to $4,500,000 for exterminating cattle ticks and hog cholera. I the penitentiary. That is not a trifiing matter. Whatever power under tnnd tlmt is practically all there is in the bill. Is not may have been vested in a census board, and it may have been that cor;.+ect? pretty broad and may n€Yer have betn tested, I am not in favor 1\fr. GORE. I think the Senator has made a pretty luminous of extending these arbitrary powet·s where it is not absolutely dige t of the bill. necessary to extend them. M:r. REED. I cha11enge the Ur!derstanding of both my dis· I do not intend to discus the merits of this matter now. I tinguished friend . There· is something in the bill that is u say to my friend the Senator from Oklahoma that I think it complete revolution of the law as it stood e\er since we have would be -very much better to let the bill go over until to-mor had a Govrrnment, and whi-ch I think affects the fundamental row morning and let us have an opportunity to rend it and be right of the people. Let me read it. ~ come acquainted with its phraseology. There is no occasion for That the S~cretary of Agriculture-- ~ unseemly haste about this matter. Tliere is a lot of language in A nonjudicial officer- it that I think needs some scrutinizing. That thf! Secretary of Agriculture is authorized to investigate and Mr. GORE. I hope the Senator will not object to the request ascertain -the demand f-or, the supply, cvnsumption, eosts, and prices whi<:h I preferred. He has the a surance that the bill will go 19f7. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2793 over until to-morrow and he will have ample opportunity to read l\lr. SMITH of South Carolina. Is the. whole bill different? iF before it passes. We have no assurance that it will pass 1\Ir. NORRIS. Oh, yes. to-morrow. Mr. SMITH of South Carolina. If the whole bill is different, Mr. REED. I am not going to make an objection if the Sen then, of course, I am wrong. • ator insists, but-- Mr. NORRIS. I should like to make a suggestion to the Sena. Mr. GORE. I would be glad to proceed with the bill to-day. tor from Oklahoma. There will not be any trouble about get Mr. REED. I do not think any Senator ought to be put in ting the bill up to-morrow under the rule. If the bill is going the position of being compelled to object to the immediate con to be taken up with the view of making it the unfinished busi sideration of these measures. ness and then laying it aside, to be taken up to-morrow, the bill The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Senator from Oklahoma will not be advanced, because under the rules any Senator has asks unanimous consent that the Senate proceed to the consid the right to object to it to-day, it seems to me; and we will _ eration of Senate bill 2344. Is there objection? make no headway if we simply undertake to make it the un Mr. SMOOT. I have· no objection at all to taking up the finished business. The bill can be taken up to-morrow whether bill-it is after 2 o'clock now-if the Senator will simply have it is the unfinished business or not. the bill -read and have it laid aside. Then the bill becomes the I should like to -say in regard to the suggestion of the Senator unfinished business and it will come up automatically to-mor from Iowa [Mr. KENYON] that these amendments are not going row. to take any time that I think they will take time. I expect 1\lr. GORE. I do not understand the Senator's request. to devote some time to one or two of those amendments, but I Mr. Sl\IOOT. I suggest to the- Senator to allow the bill to have no- objection to taking the pill up now. It seems to me, be taken up by - unanimou~ ..consent and presented to the Senate, however, that any Senator has a right to object to taking it up and if the Senator desires to have the bill read let it be read, to-day under the rule, and it will not cause much delay, if any, and then lay it aside. The bill becomes the unfinished business, if it is allowed to go over. and to-morrow it will come up automatically at 2 o'clock.· ~ Mr. GORE. !llr. President, I do not think the Sena-tor is Mr. KENYON. Mr. President, a parliamentary inquiry. correct about that. I do not know whether or not the Senator '' oulcl that be true if the bill which the Senator from· _Ohio \'i'as present, but I obtained unanimous consent to take up the L ~I r. l-'oMJ<."'RENE] is pressing should be taken up and be before bill this morning. It has been before the Senate once to-day tlle ~enate at the time of adjournment? by ·unanimous consent, and that waives the objection and giYes Mr. GORE. This bill would lose its status as the u~finished the bill the status of any other bill on the calendar, in my business unless it is pending when we adjourn. . judgment. Mr. -SMOOT. If the Senator will ask that it be temporarily Mr. NORRIS. Even though the Senator is right in that con laid aside and not be displaced by a motion to take up another tention, if he is going simply to try to take up the bill and bill, it will not be displaced. then lay it aside, it will not be of any advantage to him, be Mr. LA FOLLETTE. Mr. President, I ask for the regular cause there is no disposition to prevent the Senate from con order. si I do not-wish, however, to take the· Senator from Montana off FIELD ARTILLERY ARM. the floor. ·william Brooke Dunwoody, of Pennsylvania, to be second ·llr. MYERS. Before that motion is made I want to explain 1ieutenant of. Field Artillery with rank from NoYember 30, 1916. that I wish to move an executive session for a few moments, and then an adjournment can be had if the Senate so desires. COAST ARTILLERY CO.RPS. I move that the Senate proceed to the consideration of executive Otis Alexander Wallace, of New York, to be second lieuten bu iness. ant in the Coast Artillery Corp with rank from November 30 The PRESIDING OFFICER. The question is on the motion 1916. , of the Senator from Montana that the Senate proceed to the con INFANTRY ARM. ideration of executive business. [Putting the question.] By Second Lieut Carl Joshua Lambeth, Infantry Section, Officers' · the ound, the noes appear to have it Reserve Corps, with rank from November 27, 1916. - 1\Ir. MYERS. I ask for a division. Second Lieut. William F. Donnelly, Infantry Section, Officers' On a division, the motion was agreed to; and the Senate pro Reser.-e Corps, with rank from November 27' 1916. ceded to the consideration of executive bu.sine . After 10 min George. Lignori Pet)in, of .Michigan, to be ~econd lieutenant of utes ~-pent in executive session the doors were reopened. Infantry with rank from November 30, 1916. - ARMOR-PLATE PLANT AT CHARLESTON, W. VA. Lloyd Neff Kee ling, of Virginia, to be second lieutenant of 1\lr. SUTHERLAND. 1\Ir. President, I desire to send to the Infantry with rank from November 30, 1916. \ de k to be read a telegram from the former governor of Alaska, Lawrence Burdette Glasgow, of Ohio, to be second lieutenant Hon. W. E. Clark, now owner and editor ·of the Charleston o1 Infantry with rank from November 30, 1916. Mail, relating to a letter which· was read into the RECORD on Aaron Joseph Becker, of South. Gttro1ina, to 'be second lieu Monday last by the junior Senator from New York [Mr .. CALDER], tenant of Infantry with rank from November 30, 1916. and which contained an intimation that undue speculation in Second Lieut. Lindsay P. John , Infantry Section, Officers' . land at Charleston, ·w. Va., and vicinity ffiiooilt operate to the Reserve Corps, with rank from March 20, 1917. · disadvantage of the employees of the armor-plate plant recently S~o~d Lieut. ·charles. Arthur '1 Shamotul ~ ki, Infantry Section, located there. , Officers Reserve Corp , with rank from March 20, 1917. 1\Ir. Clark is peculiarly qualified to speak with authority and Sec?nd Li~ut. Frederick n. Baker, Coast Artillery, North di interestedly on this matter. I commend his telegram to the Carolina Natwnal Guard, to be second lieutenant of Infantry attention of the·Senate, and give to his statement my unql.lali with rank from March 21, 1917. fied indorsement. First ,.Li.eut. William PO\Yell Scobey, First Infantry, Ten The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Secretary will read the nessee National Guard, to be second lieutenant of Infantry with telegram. . · rank from March 21, 1917. The Secretary read the teleg1·am, as follows: Robert Donald. Horton, of New York, to be second lieutenant of Infantry with rank from March 22, 1917. CHARLESTON, W. VA., May !2, 1911. lion. HOWARD SUTHERLAND. ' United States enate, Wasltington, D. 0.: PRonSIONAL APPOINTMENT, BY PROMOTION, IN THE ARMY. • The solicitude of the resolu.tions committee of the National City COAST ARTILLERY CORPS. planning conference over the housing of workers in the proposed Gov ernment factories at Charleston is entirely unwarranted. There has Sec~md Lieut. Kenneth S. Purdie, Coast Artillery Corps, to be been no more speculation in land values than is natural and usual in first lieutenant from November 30, 1916, vice Crissy, promoted. such cases, and no very serious effect of the present real estate activity The above-named ·officer wa nominated to the Senate on is u--pected. The housing question has been taken up by an .associa April 19, 1917, for said promotion, under the name Kenneth tion of substantial local citizens, and the · Government may feel well assUl'ed that a comprehensive and wholly satisfactory plan will be Purdy. This is submitted for the purpose of correcting errors carried out. in the name of the nominee. WALTER E. CLARK. CORPS OF ENGINEERS. !LffiTIN. Mr. I move that the Senate adjourn. To be. first lieutenants tvith mnk. ft·om May 15, 1917, to fiZZ The motion was agreed to; and (at 2 o'clock and 45 minutes origi-nal vacanc-ies. p.m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Thursday, May 24, 1917 at 12 o'clock meridian. Second Lieut. Harold W. Sibert. Second Lieut. Howard G. Borden. Second Lieut. Thonias F. Farrell. NOMINATIONS. Second Lieut. Kenneth S. Jones. E x ecut·i·ve nom.i nations 'received by the Senate May 23, 1917. PROVISIONAL APPOll'>'TMENTS, BY TRANSFER, IN THE ARMY. UNITED STATES ATTORSEY. Secon~ Lieut. George R. ,Barker, Fom'teenth Cavalry, to be Fred Robert on, of Kapsas, to be United States attorney, dis second lieutenant of Infantry, with rank from :March 22, 1917. trict of Kansa . (Reappointrqent.) Second Lieut. Ge-orge awtelle, Twentieth Infantry, to be second lieutenant of Cavalry, with rank from Marcil 22, 1917. UNITED STATES MARSHALS. PROVISIONAL APPOINTMK TS AS SECOND LIEUTENANTS IN THE Lewis T. Erwin. of Ala ka, to be United. States marshal, dis AnMY. trict of Alaska, division No. 4. (Reappointment.) CORPS OF ENGTh"'EERS. Andrew H. Hudspeth, of New Mexico, to be United States Second Lieut. \Valter Pierron Burn, Engineer Section, Officers' marshal, district of New Mexico. (Reappointment.) Reserve Corpsr _ PROYI IONAL APPOINTMENTS IN THE ARMY. Second Lieut. David Leonard Neuman, Engineer Section, Officers' Reserve Corps. FIEL D ABTILLERY .ABM. Second Lieut. Lenox Riley Lohr, Coast Artille1·y Corps. Second Lieut. Frank Langham, Philippine S~outs, to be sec Truman Minor Cucry, jr., of New York. ond lieutenant of Field Artillery with rank from date of ap Frank Melvin S. Johnson~f California.. pointment. Simes Thurston Hoyt, of·J:iawaii. CAVALBY ARM. Clarence Malcolm Fuller, of illinois. Harry Allen Skerry, of Colorado. Io.n Carl Holm, of New York, to be second lieutenant of Cav John Francis McSweeney, of New York. alry with rank from November 30, 1916. Giovanni Battista LaGuardia, of New York. Carl Clifton Krueger, of Texas, to be secon George Archibald King, honor graduate, of South Carolina. Capt. Richard Terrell Guthrie, Nebraska National Guard James Booth Lockwood, of Vu-ginia. Re"'erve. Fir t Lieut. Lionel Leopold 1\feyer, First Infnntry, L-ouisiana Ittai Albert Luke, of Kan as. National Guar C01·pl. John Albert Messerschmidt, First Company, Coast Ar- Francis Maynard Lasseigne, at large. tillery Corps. \.. Walter Hellmers, of New York. INFANTRY ARM. Jesse Plez Green, of Texas. . , Howard Winthrop Turner, of California. Second Lieut. Augustus Brown 'O'Connell, Infantry Section, William Audley Taber, of Alabama. Officers' Reserve Corps. Philip Barbour Peyton, jr., of Virginia. Capt. Charles Carroll Fitzhugh, Infantry Section, Officers' Henry Garner Sebastian, of Oklahoma. Reserve Corps. Wesley Crowell Brigham, of Rhode Island. Capt. Thomas Leroy McMurray, Infantry Section, Officers' William Major Goldston, of Texas. Reserve Corps. Cyrus Higginson Searcy, of Texas. Second Lieut. Hiram Gilbert Fry, Infantry Section, Officers' Sergt. Theodore Kelly, Motor Truck Company 15, Quarter- Reser~e Corps. ~ master Corps. Paul Edward Jackson, honor graduate, of Kansas. Leon Edward Norris, of Nebraska. Second Lieut. Richard Wilmer Cooksey, Philippine Scouts. David McAllister Hunter, of California. Homer Smith Youngs, of Dlinois. J. Harold Fleischhauer, of Washington. Edwi'n Wolsey Grimmer, of Michigan. Tasso Wadsworth Swa ·tz, of Washington. William Harold Clark, of New York. Edward William McUaskey, jr., of New York. Frank Eugene Haskell, of Massachusetts. . Second Lieut. John M. Boon, Philippine Scouts. Lloyd Davidson Brown, of Georgia. First Lieut. Roger Hilsman, Second Infantry, Texas National · Roy Carter Hilton, of South Carolina. Guard. Raymond Edward O'Neill, of Washington. Second Lieut. Holmes Ely Dager, First Infantry, New Jersey Pvt. Justin Stanley Hemenway, United States Marine Corps. National Guard. ·william Almond Shely, of Texas. First Lieut. James Everett Allison, Fifth Infantry, Nebraska Corwin Crittenden Smith, of California. National Guard. John Eliot McKenney, of the. District of Columbia. Second Lieut. Harry Elmer Fischer, First Infanh·y, Minne- John Urban Ayotte, of Wisconsin. sota National Guard. · Charles Heyward Barnwell, jr., of Alabama. First Lieut. Thomas Loryea Alexander, Second Infantry, Second Lieut. Henry Alfred Schwarz, Company H, Fourth South Carolina National Guard. Infantry, Maryland National Guard. Fir t Lieut. Charles Erwin Rayens, Sixty-ninth Infantry, New Corpl. Edward George Herlihy, Fifth Recruit Company, Gen- York Tational Guard. eral Service Infantry. First Lieut. Charles Hudson Jones, Fourth Infantry, South Arnold John Funk, of Oregon. Dakota National Guard. George Marvin Ferris, of Tennessee. Second Lieut. Roger Williams, jr., First Infantry, Kentucky Edwin Lockwood MacLean, of Washington. National Guard. Norman Minus, of South Carolina. ~ Second Lieut. Harry Brandley Hildebrand, First Infantry, Ernest Newman Stanton, of Michigan. Oklahoma National Guard. - Thomas Gerald O'Malley, of Pennsylvania. Second Lieut. 'Villiam Hones, jr., First Infantry, New York Newell Rodney Fiske, of New Jersey. · National Guard. Philip Braham Harrigan, of New York. Second Lieut. John Jacob Bethurum, Second Infantry, Ken John Downing Hill, of Alabama. tucky National Guard. Frank Wiltshire Gano, of Iowa. Capt. John Lawrence Cootey, First Infantry, Vermont Na John Leonard Pierce, of Texas. tional Guard. Donald Kent Mason, of New York. First Lieut. Albert Charles Anderson, Infantry, Washington Lowell \Varde Rooks, of Washington. National Guard Reserve. · Claude Jacques Hayden, of North Carolina. Corpl. William H. Joiner, Company F, Twenty-seventh In Samuel Davies Bedinger, of Virginia. fantry. Alpheus Evans \Villson Harrison, of Virginia. Corpl. Hugh Pitcairn Schivelyt Aviation Section, Signal Corp . Malcolm Vaughn Fortier, of Washington. Sergt. John Demetre Joanidy, Twenty-fifth Recruit Company, Outram Willett Sherman, of New York. General Service Infantry. Ivan Neal Waldron, of 1\laine. Corpl. Gilmer Meriwether Bell, Company A, Thirty-fifth In John Joseph Atkinson, of Texas. fantry. Edward Christopher Allworth, of Oregon. Pvt: (First Class) Manley Lawton, Third Company, Coa t Roland Winfred Wittman, of New Mexico. Artillery Corps, Julian Rockwood Orton, of Illinois. Sergt. Roy Sloan, Company·M, Fourteenth Infantry. Reginald Nichols Hamilton, of Wisconsin. Sergt. Bryce Farren Martin, Company M, First Infantry. John Walter Nicholson, of Georgia. Corpl. Harold Clinton Hoopes, Company G, Thirty-sixth In- Thomas Allan Young, of Washington. fantry. Charles Haines Lee, of Washington. Ray Bradford Conner, of Washington. Cm·pl. Henley Schuck, Company I_, Seventeenth Infantry. James Stanley Moore, jr., of Georgia. Pvt. Glenn Dewitt Hufford, Company A, Thirty-second In Franklyn Hayes Woody, of Montana. fantry. Herbert Louis Landolt, of Iowa. · Corpl. Paul Revere Hudson, First Company, Coast Artillery Samuel Walter Sowerbutts, of the District of Columbia. Corps. Will Van Sycle Parks, of \Vashington. Pvt. (First Class) William Richard Dwyer, Third Company, Charles Bernard Kelly, of Illinois. Coa t Artillery Corps. Malcolm McGregor Maner, of Georgia. Sergt. Hanan Field'3 Combs, Company A, Seventeenth In- John Lloyd 1\lcKee, of Virginia. fantry. · Glenn Luman Allen, of Arkansas. Corpl. William S. Fentress, Company L, Eighth Infantry. Charles Rouse Jones, of Maryland. Pvt. (First Class) Ralph Hall, Ordnance Department. Willard Stewart Paul, of Colorado. Battalion Sergt: Maj. Mahlon Gerhard Frost, Fourth Infantry. Moritz Augustus Rust Loth, of Virginia. Sergt. Benjamin Harrison Hensley, Third Company, Coast Robert Henry Chance, of Ohio. Artillery Corps. Claude Wallace Shelton, of Texas. Sergt. (First Class) Hawthorne C. Gray, Quartermaster Harry Grant Hodgkins, jr., of the District of Columbia. Corps. Samuel Rufus Ward, of Florida. Pvt. Donald James Neumilller, First Aero Squadron, Signal Vincent Paul Ro seau, of Vermont. Corps. March Hugo Houser, of Alaska. Pvt: (First Class) Orland Sylvester O'Neal, Company C, Lamont Davi , of \Vashington. Thirty-second Infantry. James Brown Golden, of Ohio. Sergt. Otto Kramer, Medical Department, United States Edwin Blair Banister, of Nebraska. Army. Willfred Rowell Higgins, of Minnesota. Pvt. (First Class) George D. Ramsey, Company 0, Thirty Eldon Paul King, of Oregon. . first Infantry_ First Lieut. Frederick Stone Matthews, Company A, Fourth Sergt. Jerome Pickett, Company C, Thirty-second Infantry. Infantry, Maryland National Guard. Sergt. Lebbeus Morrison Cornish, First Company, Coast Ar Arthur Pleasant Sibold, of Virginia. tillery Corps. 1917 .. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 2797 . . . Corpl. Leon F. Stevens, Company B, Fourth Infantry. ' To be j1tdge advocates with the rank of lieutenant colonel from Sergt. William Samuel Rumbaugh, Company I, Fifth Infan- May 15, 1917. try, l\Iaryland National Guard. . Maj. Blanton Winship, judge advocate, to fill an original Sergt. George Alexander Murray, Company E, First ..En vacancy. gineers. Maj. Bevel'ly A. Read, judge advocate, subject to examination P-rt. (First Class) Joseph E. Young, Company B,. First En required by law, to fill an original vacancy. · gineers. Maj. Edward A. Kreger{ judge advocate, to fill an original Corpl. Henry Theophil John Weishaar, Company ~ First vacancy. Engineers. . Maj. Samuel T. Ansell, judge advocate, vice Lieut. Col. Frank Pvt. {First Class) Charles S. Lawrence, Company~ Second L. Dodds. promoted. Battalion. Signal Corps. Maj. Herbert A. White, judge advocate, subject to examina Corpl. Cyrus Alaric Hay, Company I, First Infantry, Indiana tion required by- law, vice Lieut. Col. Lewis E. Goodier, pro- National Guard. moted. - C01·pl. Benjamin Joseph Holt, jr., Company F, Seventeenth Infantry. qUARTERMASTER CORPS. Pvt. (First Class) Newton Dousman Hathaway, Troop A, Lieut. Col William H. Hart, to be colonel from 1\Iay 2, 1917, First CavalTy, Wisconsin National Guard. subject to examination required by law, vice Col. Frank F. East Corpl. Byron W. Fuller, Company K,. Fourteenth Infantry. man, retired from active service May 1, 1917. Sergt. John Erwin Stullken, Company E, Second Infantry, l\faj. Frank H. Lawton to be lieutenant colonel from May 2, Texas National Guard. 1917, subject to examinati-on required by law, vice Lieut. Col. Corpl. Herman Henry 1\Ieyer, Company D, Second Engineers. William H. Hart, promoted. Pvt. Carleton More, Troop B, First Cavalry, Washington Na To be colonels with rank from May 15, 1911. tiorral Guard. Lieut. Goi. Chauncey B.:. B.a.ker, subject to examination re Corpl. Edward P. Sheppard, Machine Gun Company, Twenty quired by law, to fill an original vacancy. sixth Infantry. Lieut. Col. George McK. Williamson, subject to- an examina Sergt. Clyde McClain Strosnider, Machine Gun Company, tion required by law, to fill an original vacancy. Twenty-sixth Infantry. Lieut. Col. Thomas H. Slavens, subject to examination re First Sergt. Henry Jeffrey Matchett, Battery A, First Field quired by law, to fill an original vacancy. Artillery, Minnesota National Guard. Lieut. Col. David S. Stanley, subject to examination re CorpI. John Henry Strickland, Company L, Seventeenth In quired by law, to fill an original vacancy. fantry. Lieut. Col. Thomas C. Goodman,. subject to exa.mination re Corpl. Vincent Staub Burton, Company B, Third Engineers. quired by law, to fill an. original vacancy. Pvt. Griffith 'Vight, Troop A, Squadron ~ Cavalry, New Lieut. Col. James B. Houston, subject to examination re York National Guard. . quired by law, to fill an original vacancy. Corpl. Curtis P. Miller, Depot Company L, Signal Corps. Pvt. William Ernst, Troop C, First Cavalry, Ohio National CORPS OF ENGINEERS. Guard. . • Po oe colonelS' 'loi'th rank from May 15, 1911. Corpl. John William Bulger, Company A, Thirty-sixth In Lieut. Col. Henry Jervey, to fill an original vacancy. fantry. Lieut. Col. Charles H. McKinstry, subject to examinati-on re Pvt Roy Wright Voege,. Field Artillery, School of Fiue. quired by law, to fill an original vacan-cy~ Pvt. Taylor Milton Uhler, First Company, Coast Artillery Ljeut. Col. William V. Judson, subject to examination re· Corps. . quired by law, to fill an original vacancy. Battalion Sergt. Maj. Roy George ffurdon, Headquarters Com Lieut. Col. E. Eveleth Winslow, subject to examination re pany, Ele-venth Infantry. quired by law, to fill an original vacancy. Master Signal Electrician Vernon Lee Burge, First Aero Lieut. Col. Clement A. F. Flagler, subject to examination re Squadron, Signal Corps. ' quired by law, to fill an original vacancy. Sergt. Simon Fostiak, Quartermaster Corps. Lieut. Col. Chester Harding, subject to examination required Corpl. Edwin Louis Dittmar, Company B, Thirty-fifth In by law, to fill an original vacancy. fantry. To be lieutenant colonels 'With rank fron~ May 15, 1917. Corpl. Crosby N. Elliott, Sixth Company, Coast Artillery 1\Iaj. William D. ~Connor, to fill a:n original vacancy. Corps. . :Maj. John C. Oakes, subject to e-xamination required by ~uw, Pvt. (First Cias ) Ernest Ray Marvel, Company H, Third to fill an original vacancy. Infantry, Indiana National Guard. 1\1aj. Sherwood A. Cheney, to fill an origmal vacancy. Sergt. Frank Moore Child, Troop A, Fir t Squadron, Cavalry, Maj. Frederick W. Altstaetter, subject to exa.m.ination required New Jersey National Guard. by law, to fill an original vacancy. C01·pi. Raymond Lester Price, Battery F, First Field Artillery, Maj. Harley B. Ferguson, subject to e:xamfnation required by Illinois National Guard. · law, to fill an original vacimcy. Pvt. Frederic Montgomery Lee, Headquarters Company, First Maj. Frank C. Boggs, subject to examination required by law, Field Artillery, Massachusetts National Guard. to fi11 an orfginal vacancy. Pvt. Hurley Edward Fuller, Company E, Second Infantry, Maj. Carke S. Smith, subject to examination required by law, Texas National Guard. vice Lieut. Col. Henry Jervey,. promoted. Corpl. Larry McHale, First Company, Coast A.rtiiiery Corps. Maj. William P. Wooten, subj-ect to examination required by First Sergt. Arthur Maxwell O'Connor, Machine Gun Com law, vice Lieut. Col. Charles H. McKinstry, promoted. pany, Ninth Infantry, Massachusetts National Guard. Maj. Lyt1e Brown, subject to examination required by law, Sergt. John Paul Horan, Company A, Engineers, Texas vice Lieut. Col. William V. Judson, promoted. National Guard. ' Maj. Earl I.. Brown, subject to examination required by law, Corpl. James Hadden Sloan Well , Company B,. First Infan- vice Lieut. Col. E. Eveleth Winslow, promoted. try, North Carolina National Guard~ - Maj. Amos A. Friesr subject to examination required by law, PORTO RlCO REGIME~''T OF INFANTRY. vice Lieut. Col. Clement A. F. Flagler, promoted. Maj. James A. Woodruff, subject to examination required by Luis Felipe Cianehini, of Porto Rico. law, vice Lieut. Col. Chester Harding, promoted. Victor Emanuel Domenech, of Porto Rico. To 1najm·s witll. rank from; Antonio Andr~s Va quez, of Porto Rico. be May 15, 1911. Juan Eugenio Guzman, of Porto Rico. Capt. Roger D. Black, to fill an original vacancy. Capt. Theodore H. Dillon, to fill an original vacaney. PROMOTIONS IN THE ARMY. Capt. De 'Vitt C. Jones, to fill an original vacancy. JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERAL'S DEPARTMENT. Capt. Ernest Graves, to fill an original vacancy. Capt. Francis B. Wilby, to fill an original vacancy. To be judge advocatei. u"ith the rank of colooel front May Capt. Clarence S. Ridley, subject to examination requir.ed by 15, 1917. lawJ to fill an original vacancy. Lieut. Col. Frank L. Dodds, judge advocate, to fill an origiru!.l Capt. Alvin B. Barber, subject to examination required by vacancy. law, to fill an. or-iginaL vacancy. Lieut. Col. Lewis E. Goodier, judge a:dvocate, subject to Capt. Jarvis J. Bain, subject to examination required by law, examination required by law, to fill an original vacancy. to fill an original vacancy. ,·,... CO~GRESSION:AL RECORD-:·SENA1!E. 2798. ' ~lAY 23, Capt. Thomas H. Emer on, subject to examination required by Fir. t .Lieut .. George J . .Richards, subject to examination i·e- law; to fill ari original -vacancy. quired by law. ' Capt. Robert S. Thomas, subject to examination requiJ,;ed _by First Lieut. .Alexander P. Cronkhite, subject to examination law, to fill an original -vacancy. ~·equired by law. . · Ca.Qt. Roger G. Powe]l, subject to . examination required by First Lieut. John S. Smylie. subject to examination required -Jaw, to fill an original vacancy. . . by law. .- ...... Capt. John N. _Hodges, subject to examination required by · First Lieut. Lehman W. Miller, subject to examination re- Jaw, to fill · an oriO'inal vacancy. · quired by law. . Capt..Arthur R. Ehrnbecl{, subject to examination required by Firt Lieut. Douglas L. Weart, subject to exam~nation J.'e law, to fill an original -vacancy. "' quired bY. law. Capt. Ha ·old .S. Hetrick, subject .to examination required by First Lie.ut. Earl E. Gesler, subject to examination required Ja\v, to fill an original Yacancy. . . . ~la~ . . Capt. William A. Johnson, subject to examination required by First Lieut. Edwin A. Bethel, subject to examination i:equired Jaw, to fill nn original vacancy. by law. · · Capt. James J. Loving, subject to _examination required by First Lieut. John F. Conklin, subject to examination required Jaw, to fill a:n original vacancy. . . by law. - . . . · Cap.t. Frederick B. Downing, subject to examination required First Lieut. Alrfed L. Ganahl; subject to examination required by law, to fill an original -vacancy. by law. · · , . Capt. Edmund L. Daley, subject to examinatien required by First I.i~ut. John E. Harris, subject to examination required law, .viceJ\Iaj. William D. Connor, promoted. . by law. - · Capt. Henry A. Finch, subject to examination required by First Lieut. William F. Tompkins, subject to examination re- law, vice Maj. John C. Oakes, promoted. quired by law. · Capt. Edward D . .Ardery, subject to examination required by First Lieut. Douglas H. Gillette, subject to examination re Jaw, vice 1\faj. Sherwood A. Cheney, promoted. quired by law. Capt. James G. Steese, subject to examination required by ' First Lieut. Paul A. Hodgson, subject to examination required law, vice 1\faj. Frederick W . .Altstaetter, promoted. by law. Capt Roger G. Alexander, subject to examination required by First Lieut. Donald A. Davison, subject to examination re 1aw vice Harley B. Ferguson, promoted. . quired by law. _Capt. James A. O'Connor, subject to examination required First Lieut. Thomas B. Larkin, subject to examination re by law, vice 1\faj. Frank C. Bqggs, promoted. quired by law. Capt. Lewis H. ·watkins, subje~t to examination required by Fir t Lieut. Edwin C. Kelton, subject to examination required law, vice Maj. Clarke S. Smith, promoted. by.law. . Capt. Gilbert E. Humphrey, subject to examination required First Lieut. Mason J. Young, subject to examination required 1)y law. vice Maj. William P. Wooten, promoted. by law. · Capt. Richard Park, subject to examination required by law, First Lieut. Layson E. Atkins, subject to examination required vice lllflj. Lytle Brown, promoted. by law. · Capt. Daniel I. Sultan, subject to examination required by INl!'ANTRY ABA£. law, vice 1\faj. Earl I . Bro\Yn, promoted. .Capt. Glen E. Edgerton, subject to examination required by Capt. G. Mam·y Crane, Infantry (detailed in the Quarter law, vice Maj. Amos A. Fries, promoted. masters Corps), to be major from May 11, 1917, vice Maj. Capt. Charles L. Hall, sul;>ject to examination required by law, Thomas F. Schley, Twenty-fifth Infantry, who died May 10, 1917. vice 1\faj. James A. Woodruff, promoted . . Capt. Joseph F. Gohn, Infantry (detailed in the-Quartermaster Corps), to be major from May 11, 1917, vice l\Iaj. G. Maury To be captains 1oith mnk from May 15, 1917, to fill original Crane, retained in the Quartermaster ·coi·ps. t•acancies. · First Lieut. Carl C. Oakes, Twenty- eventh Infantry, to be captain from May 1, 1917, vice Capt. Nolan V. Ellis, Nineteenth Fir t Lieut. Richard U. Nicholas. Infantry, retired from acti-ve service April 30, 1917. First· Lieut~ Myron Bertman. First Lk-nt. Leo J. Dillow, subject to examination required ORDNAIS'CE DEPARTMENT. by law. To be colonels with rank from May 15, 1917, to fill original First Lieut. James A. Dorst. vacanci-es. First Lieut. Rufus W. Putnam. First Lieut. Lunsford E. Oliver. Lieut. Col. Colden L'H. Ruggles, subject to examination re First Lieut. 'Villiam H. Holcombe, subject to examination quired by law. required by law. Lieut. Col. George Montgomery, subject to examination re- First Lieut. James B. Cress. quired by law. · . · First Lieut. Charles P. Gross. Lieut. Col. John W. Joyes, subject to examination required by First Lieut. Bernard A. Miller. law. First Lieut. Peter C. Bullard. - To· be lieutenant colonels with mnlv t ·rom May 15, 1917, to fill First Lieut. Brehon B. Somervell, subject to examination re- original ,;acancies. quired by law. First Lieut. Xenophon H. Price. Maj. Thales L. Ames, subject to examination required by law. First Lieut. Robert '\V. Crawford. . Jaj. Edward P. O'Hern, subject to examination required by First Lieut. Frederick S. Skinner. law. . First Lieut. Dabney 0. Elliott, subject to examination required Maj. ~tlwin D. Bricker, subject to examination requ,iretl ·by by law. law. First Lieut. Allen P. Cowgill. SIGNAL CORPS. First Lieut. George F. Lewis, subject to examination required by law. To ·be colonel with ra11k jrom May 15, 1917. Fir t Lieut. Harri on Brand, jr., subject to examination re- Lieut. Col. Charles McK. Saltzman, subject to examination quired by law. required by law, to :fill an original vacancy. Fir t Lieut. Frederick W. Herman. To be l-ieutenant colonels with 'rank -f'rom May 15, 1917. · Fir t Lieut. John H. Carruth. First Lieut 0 car 0. Kuentz, subject to examination required l\Jaj. Leonard D. Wildman, to fill-an original vacancy.' by law. 1\.Iaj. Walter L. Clarke, to fill an original vacancy. First Lieut. 'Villiam E. R. Covell, subject to examination re Maj. Basil 0. Lenoir, subject to examination required by law, - quired by I a w. to fill an original vacancy. First Lieut. E l\iaj. Charles de :F. Chandler, subject to examination required HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. by law, vice Lieut. Col. Charles McK. Saltzman, }Jromoted. ·wEDNEsDAY, May 23, 191'7_. To be major .with t·anJc from May 15, 1917. Capt. Arthur S. Cowan,· to fill an original vacancy. 'The H-ouse met at 12 o'clock noon. The Chaplain, Bev. Henry N. Couden, D. D., offer-ed 'the fol PORTO RICO REGIMENT o-F rNFA1s-TBY. lowing prayer :" First Lieut. Leopoldo 1\Ier_cader, Porto Rico Regiment of In Take us; o -,God our Heavenly Father, into Thy nc:arer pres fantry, to be captain from January 17, 1917, vice Capt. ~lli.am ence, and help us to fix our thoughts for the moment on the H. Armstrong, dismissed January 16, 1917. eternal verities, that we may be the bette-r prepared to take up the arduous dutfes of the hour and thus satisfy the longings PROMOTIONS AND APPOINTMENTS IN THE NAVY. of our souls and do full justice to the people here represented. The following-named lieutenant commanders to be commanders In the name of ·the Father and of the Son .and of the Holy in the Navy from the 29th day of August, 1916: Ghost. Amen. Amon Bronson, jr., and The Journal of the proceedings of Tuesday, l\Iay 22. was read Louis C. Richardson. and approv.ed. · Lieut.· John H. Newton to be a lieutellll.Dt commander in the EXTENSION oF REM..A.RKS. Navy from the 29th day of August, 1916. Lieut. Andrew F. Carter to be a lieutenant commander in the Mr. STEENERSON. "Mr. Speaker-- Navy from the 30th day of September, 1916.. The SPEAKER. For what purpose does the gentleman from 1\Iidshipman Benjamin F. Stand to be an ensign in the Navy Minnesota rise? . from the 30th day of March, 1917, to -correct his rank :as pre- . Mr. STEENERSON. To ask unanimous consent to .extend my Yiously confirmed. remarks in the RECOJID on the .Army bill. .James E. Slack, a citizen of Minnesota., to be a second lieu- The SPEAKER. The gentleman from l\linnesota [l\Ir. STEEN· tenant in 'the Marine Corp~ for a probationary period <>f two ERS<>N] asks unanimous consent to extend his remarks on the years, from the 11th day of May, 1917. Army bilL Is there objection? [After a pause.] The Chair - Leonard G. Hoffman, a -citizen of Maryland, to be an assistant hears none. paymaster in the Nl:}.vy, from the 8th day of May, 1917. MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE. The following~named citizens to be dental surgeons in the Navy,. for a probationary period of two years, from the 8th day A message from the Senate, ·by 1\Ir. Waldorf, its enrolling clerk, .announced that th-e Senate had passed with amendment of May, 1917: • Lloyd C. McDonald, a citizen of Kansas, the bill (H. R. 328) to amend an act entitled "An act to regulate commerce '' ·as .amended in respect of car service, anc1 for other Albert Knox, a citizen of Rhode Is.l.an1L Irvin G. Kohlmeier, a citizen of Indiana, purposes, had insisted npon its amendment, had requested a Weeden E. Osborne, a citizen of Illinois, conference wHh the House on the bill and amendment. and had Everett K. Patton, a citizen of Georgia, appointed Mr. NEWL.ANDS, l\Ir. PoMERENE, and 1\fr. Cu:M~ITNs as Cedric T. Lynes, a citizen of Massachusetts, and the conferees on the part of the Senate. Richard C. Green, a citizen of Utah. The message also announced that the Senate had passed the The following-named citizens to be assistant dental surgeons. in bill ( S. 1816) to amend the act to regulate commerce as amended, the Dental Reserre Corps of the Navy from the 8th day of 1\lay, and for other purposes, in which the concurrence of the .House of Representatives was requested. ~U: ' . William J. Rogers, a citizen of 1\lassachnsetts, The message also announceu that the Senate had passed bill of Edward-D. Ralph, a citizen of New York, and the following title, in which the concurrence of the House of Charles 0. Sandstrom, a citizen of Wisconsin. Representatives was requested: An The following-named second lieutenants to be first lieutenants S. 2133. act to amend an act entitled "An act to authorize the establishment of a Bureau of \Var~ Insurance in the in the Marine Corps. from the 29th dny of August~ 1916 : Vincent E. Stack, Treasury Department," approved September 2, 1914, an.d for · Henry P. Torrey, other purposes. Bryan C. Murchison, and w .AR :REVENUE. Allen II. Turnage. Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Speaker, I move that the House resolve The following-named first lieutenants to be captains in the itself .into the Committee of the Whole House on the .state of the 1\larine Corps from he 29th day of August, 1916: Union for the further consideration of the bill H. R. 4280. Thomas E. Thrasher, jr., ' The SPEAKER The gentleman from North Caroliria moves Ernest C. Williams, and · that the House resolve itself into the Committee of the WhoJe John L. Doxey. • . House on the state of the Union for the further consideration The following-named second lieutenants to be fir t lieutenants of the bill H. R. 4280. _ in the Marine Corps from the 29th day of August, "1916: · .Mr. KITCHIN. Pending that, Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous Robert 0. "B. Burwell, oonsent that the business on Calendar Wednesday's calendar Rupert M. Burstan, and for to-day be dispensed with until we complete the consideratimi Owen E. O'NeilL . of the revenue billJ First Lieut. Paul C. '.Marmion to be a first lieutenant i1l the The SPEAKER The gentleman from North Carolina asks Marine Corp~ from the 12th day of June, 1916, to correct the unanimous consent th-at the' business on Calendar Wednesday date fr-om which he takes rank as previously cenfirmed. be dispensed witli until we finish the revenue bill. Arthur H. Turner, a citizen of Pennsylvania, to be a seeond Mr. 1\fANN. Why not dispense with it for the day? It - lieutenant in the Marine Corps from tbe 30th day of Apry'J. 1917. · would still have the right of way. · _.. Mr. KITCHIN. Then I will make the request to dispense with it altogether for to-day. CONFIRMATIONS. Mr. ADAl\.ISON. 1\!r. Speaker-- E:recttti.-,;e nominations confirm·ea by the Senate May .23, /.917. The SPEAKER. For what purpose does the gentleman .rise? Mr. .ADAMSON. Touching the remark just made, I think the UNITED STATES ATTORl\"EY. bill that was up on Calendar Wednesday was made privileged. Francis G. Caffey to be United S~ates attorn~y, southern dis That took it out <>f Calendar Wednesday. trict of New Ym·k. - Mr. 1\fANN. It was not privileged. PROMOTIONS IN 'THE NAVY. The· SPEAKER. What is it the gentleman from Georgia wants to know? Lieut. (Junior Grade) Robert F. Gross fo be a lieutenant. Mr. ADAMSON. I want to know whether the agricultural Ensign John L. Riheldatl'er to be a lieutenant (junior_grade). bill that the gentleman from South Carolina [Yr. LEvER] had First Lieut. Theodore A. Secor to be a captain in the Marine up -<>n last Calendar 'Vednesday would still -hold its place <>n Oorps. . Calendar Wednesday, or is it removed ft·om Calendar W ednes The following-named second lieutenants to be ftrst lieutenants day by the o.rder unanimously given making it privileged? tn the Marine Corps~ Mr. 1\fA.NN. There was no order making' it privileged• Norman C. Bates; . .The SP.EAKER. The Chair does not think that order affects ' Arthur Kingston, and its status so far ..as O.alendar Wednesday is I LV-178 2800 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-=HOlTSE. ~fAY 23, . ,..- The question is on the House resolving itself into the Com-, Mr. MADDEN. Will the gEi'ntleman yield? mitt~:>e of the Whole House on the state of the Union for the Mr. FITZGERALD. Yes. considPration of the bill H. R. 4280 .. Mr. MADDEN. I was going to ask the gentleman a question The motion was agreed to. in that connection. Suppose a man in computing the amount Accordingly the House resolved itself into the Committee of due computes an amount greater than ought to be paid. Is the Whole House on the state of the Union for the further con there any chance for- him to get his money back if he sends the sideration of the bill H. R. 4280. check? The CHAIRMAN.' The Clerk will report the bill by title. Mr. MANN. That is now provided for by law. The Clerk read as follows: Mr. . KITCHIN. Yes; by the act of September 8, 1916. A bill (H. R. 4280) to provide revenue to defray war expenses, and ~1r. MADDEN. How does he get it back? for other purposes. . • Mr. MANN. By making a claim. Mr. FITZGERALD. I desire to ·say that this amendment lli. MADDEN. He has to make it through Congress, bas does not affect anyone unless be pays a surtax. be not? Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to Mr. MANN. No. return to page- Mr. MADDEN. It will take a longwhile. , Mr. MANN. Section 504 has not been acted upon by the com- Mr. MANN. Ob, no. mittee. " . Mr. MADDEN. I have had experience in adjusting claims. Mr. KITCHIN. ·we are going to come to that in order and ~1r. FITZGERALD. Not for paying more than you should. · return to the Fitzgerald amendment that we co·nsidered the Mr. MADDEN. · Yes; fur paying more than I should. I do other day. not think the department ought to be fn a position where they Mr. FITZGERALD. I shall offer it. can accept more. They ought to compute the tax· over and if Air. MANN. Section 504 has not been acted on at all. they ascertain that a mistake has been mane in favor of the Mr. KITCHIN. We thought we would get up to that as we Government they ought to correct the amount and send the check go along. back. If that computation shows a less amount than the Govern 1\fr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to return to section ment bas coming to it, they will promptly end the check back; 5, page 6. to consider the Fitzgerald amendment. you may be sure of that. They ought to be compelled to send The CHAIRMAN. The geDtleman from North Carolina asks it back in the other case. Why should the individual have all t;.nanirnous con~ent-- the burrlen placed on him? Mr. KITCHIN.' Mr. FITzGERALD offered an amendment the Mr. FITZGERALD. The law provides a simple metl10u, as other day to section 5, on page 6. I understand, whereby anyone who pays more than be should The CHAIRMAN. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The can have a return made of the excess. That is not a difficult Chair hears none. matter to arrange. Personally I believe this system should be Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, the amendment was of applied to a11 incomes, but the committee is of the opinion that fered at the end of section 2, but the understanding was that it is advisable to except incomes of persons where they will not when-we recurred to it it could be offered where it would be be in exce s of $5,000. considered the more appropriate place. Mr. MADDEN. That is the easiest income in the world to . Mr. MANN. That consent has already been given, bas it not? compute.' The CHAIRMAN. The Chair begs to call the attention of the Mr. FITZGERALD. Yes; and the people who receive only gentleman from New York [Mr. FITZGERALD] that this amen::l $5.000 or less are probably the more intelligent on the average. ment here is to section 3. - 1\lr. MADDEN. I think that is true. . Mr. KITCHIN. It was understood that we would put it in Mr. FITZGERALD. I am anxious to have this amendment the proper place. adopted and the propm~ed change of payment started, because I Mr. MANN. Nobody will object if we ask unanimous consent believe it will result beneficially. to return to section 6 for the purpose of offering a new section. 1\lr. MADDEN. I think it will be a great hardship to the Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent people of the country to be corripellerl to make o-at their state to withdraw the pending amendment and to offer an amendment ment of fncome and inclose with the statement a check; fl hard.. as a new section. ship greater than the gentleman or anyborly here suppoR{'S. Mr. MANN. As section 6. Mr. FITZGERALD. Well, that is a matter of opinion. I Mr. FITZGERALD. As sections 6 and 7, the following- do not agree with the gentleman. I think our present system The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York [Mr. FIT-z- is so absurd that it could not exist in any place except under GERALD] asks unanimous com~ent to offer an amendment as a new section, to be called " sections 6 and 7." Is there objection? the Government of the United -States. [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. The Clerk will report lli. SNYDER. Mr. Chairman.. will the gentleman yield? Mr. FITZGE~ALD. Yes. the amendment. The Clerk read as follows : Mr. SNYDER. I want to ask the gentleman this question: Under the prese~t law the date for the return of the income-tax After s ~ction 5, page 6, add the following: "SEc. 6. That on and after January 1, 1918, individuals, partner return is March 1. The date for the payment of the amount is ships, withholding agents, corporations, joint-stock companies or asso in the latter part of the month of .June; I think June ·15. If ciations, and insurance ccmpanies, liable for the payment of income, this aruendment is adopted, at which period would the payment munitions, or excess-profits taxes under existing law or under this act sha.I pay without levy, assessment, or notice. simultaneously with the be made; when the return is made in March or on June 15? submission of their return of tax, the amount of tax for the payment Mr. FITZGERALD. Under the proposed amendment the of which they are shown by ~;uch return to be liable. If auy tax is return must be made by the 1st of March. That is not changed. not paid at the time when it is due under the provisions of this section, there shall be added (except in the case of an error made in good faith The check would be mailed at the same time. In that respect in computing thf' amount of the tax) the sum of 5 per cent to the it makes a difference which, in my opinion, ought not to exist amount of tax unpaid and interPst at the rate of 1 per cent per month between the time when the income would be paid by different upon the amount of such unpatd tax from thE' time- it becomes due. This section shall not apply in the case of any ineome tax (payabll' classes of persons. Those who are paying on an income below otherwise than by a withholding agent) imposed upon an individual $5,000 would have tlie same period in which to make payment upon whose net income no -ta.x is imposed under subdivision (b) of that they have now, while those who would be paying upon section 1 of such act of September 8, 1916, or under section 2 of this act. incomes in excess of $5,000 would have the income-paying period "SEc. 7. That collectors of internal revenue are authorized to receive advanced. · uncertified checks in payment of income, munitions, and excess-profits taxes, during such time and under such regulations as the Commis Mr: SNYDER. I think that is a mistake. I think the period sioner of Internal Revenue, with the approval of the Secretary of the of payment should be put further ahead-somewhere between Treasury, shall preseribe; but if a check so received is not paid by the the time of the return and the time of the payment as fixed at bank on which it is drawn the person by whom such check has been tendered shall remain liable for the payment of the tax and for all present. legal penalties and additions the same as if such check had not been Mr. FITZGERALD. I believe the earlier the payment, the tendered." better it would be for the Government. Mr. KITCHIN. 1\ir. Chairman, I desire to say the committee Mr. BORLAND. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? will accept that amendment. Mr. FITZGERALD. Yes. · Mr. FITZGERALD. 1\Ir. Chairman, the committee examined Mr. BORLAND. Does this require a certified check or an the amendment which I have' submitted and is willing to accept ordinary check? it in this form. It differs from the amendment as originally Mr. FITZGERALD. No. The section provides that uncerti presented in two respects. It does not apply to incomes where fied checks may be accepted, and in the event they are not a tax is not paid on incomes in excess of $5,000, and it excepts honored they would be treated as if they were not sent, and the from the penalty those who in good faith make an error in com penalty would run as if no attempt bad been made to pay. puting the amount due upon their return. Mr. BORLAND. It is the ordinary business check? I .· CONGRESSION.AL RECORD-HOUSE.- 2801 Mr. FITZGERALD. Yes; the ordinary business check. I comes of over $5,oo0. · In fact, itf seems to me as I look at it" am so hopeful that something will be done. I believe that if this that it is of more value to those having incomes under $5,000 amendment is adopted it should be so amended or modified as than to those whose incomes are over that amount. One reason to make all the taxes payaple under the same circumstances is that there are a larger number of the incomes under $5.000, and within the same period. A very slight amendment would and therefore the saving of clerical" labor will be that much do so. Not knowing just the particular time the committee greater if the check is sent in at the time the return is made. desired to have the inr·omp paid I did not attempt to fix it. Another reason is that the amount of the tax on incomes Mr. MANN. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield for a under $5,000 is relatively very small, and it is a very small question? burden upon. that particular taxpayer to send in a check Mr. FITZGERALD. Yes. promptly when he sends in his return. In fact, in many cases Mr. MANN. As I understand the gentleman's statement, the he would ·rather do it than wait until he gets a . bill from· the payment at the time the return is made will not apply to those collector, and ther. run the risk of sending it at the proper time persons who for the first time are included under the income- or being liable to a peqalty. I think nearly every man here tax provision. · who has had that experience would ·be glad to send in his Mr. FITZGERALD. It would not apply to any person who check, which is relatively small, when he sends in his return, does not pay upon incomes in excess of $5,000. and to know then that unless he hears from the collector and Mr. MANN. Yes. Now, the great mass of persons in num some ·objection is made to the amount or the form of the re ber who will pay the income tax will be in that class. If I un turn, his income-tax business for that year is finished. It does derstand the purpose of this amendment, it is largely to do away seem to me we ought not to limit this. The only objection I · with the supernumerary work of red tape and the great useless have to the- amendment is that it limits it to incomes above clerical work now being performed. Yet the first thing the $5,000. On that particular point, I want to oppose extending amendment does is to say that eight-tenths of those who pay the time for making the return. The time now for the making the income tax shall not be affected by this amendment to sav~ of a return for the calendar year closing December 31 is set labor, and those in the main are the ones who will pay $10 or for March 1. That is sufficient time to give a :!'Qan opportunity $20 of income tax. _.,. to go over his books and adjust his accounts and to find out the Mr-. FITZGERALD. I stated that I believed it was a mistake necessary facts to make his return. If the time is extende1 to exempt them from the operation of this provision, but the until the 1st of May to make a return, we are not benefiting committee was rather inclined · to believe. that persons who pay him to any extent except the possible interest on his money. on Jess than $5,000 will make a great many mistakes. I think In the vast number of cases the interest on his money is not they will make fewer mistakes- than anybody else. In my sufficient to warrant the difficulty in making the return later anxiety to have the reform instituted, however, I was in hope instead of on the _lst of March. To the Government it would that if it was adopted in this form it would, either before the make a vast deal of difference. The more promptly these taxes bill· was perfected or that in a short time after the enactment, come in the more beneficial they are to the Government, the result in the same provjsion being extended to all who pay the better the Government can use the money, and the more cer income taxes.· - tain it is of the extent of its income within its hands for that Mr. l\1A...''~lN. Mr. Chairman, I would like to get the attention particular fiscal period. of the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. KITCHIN]. Mr_. MADDEN. Will the gentleman yield for a question? Does not the gentleman from North Carolina believe that 1\fr. BORLAND. Yes. it would be at least worthy of consideration hat if the Mr. MADDEN. I understood the purpose of the introduc checks for the payment of the income tax were to be sent tion of this amendment to be originally that it woul office of the collector who lays aside his check and takes the !vir. BORLAND. I have never found it any easier on the 1st 1 responsibility of it. But-the collectors usually will not do that, of May to get the money than on the 1st of March. because they might. be held personally responsible if the check • Mr. MADDEN. It would be a very great convenience to the was lost. and they can not put it on their books. gentleman, then, to pay it. Mr. BORLAND. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the Mr. BORLAND. I would just as soon do it on the 1st of last word. This proposal in the Fitzgerald amendment is so March, and then I would know I had that bill paid. I do not good that it does seem to me that part of its value to the Gov know about the other. I do hope the amendment will be modi ernment and to the taxpayer will be lost if we limit it to in- fied to include all incomes which pay any tax. 'I 2802 OONGRESSION Aij RECORD-HOUSE. MAY 23, The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment of the The CHAIRl\IAN. The question is on the amendment to the gentleman from New York [Mr. FITzGERALD]. mnendment offered by the gentleman from North Carolina. Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Chairma~ I want to ofier an amend The question was taken, and the amendment to the amend ment to the ru:nendment, unless somebody else offers Mr. MADDEN. They are not subject to the income tax which Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, I move to substitute for that we passed? amendment of the gentleman from New York [Mr. FITZGERALD] ~Ir. KITCHIN. They were subjected to the income tax of an amendment striking out section 504. September 8, but not intentionally so. This relieves them, and The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from North Carolina moves is in conformity with the Philippine act of August 5, 1916. to strike out the section. The question is, fu·st-- Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw the point of order. Mr. AUSTIN. I wish to be heard on that motion. The CHAIRMA....~. The question is on the amendment offered Mr. 1\!ANN. Mr. Chairman, I understand now that the gen by the gentleman from North Carolina. · tleman from-North Carolina [Mr. KITcHIN] proposes to support The amendment was agree'd to. . the proposition to strike out section 504:, which he has just Mr. KITOIDN. Mr. Chairman; I ask ·unanimous consent to offered? return to page 20 for the purpose of offeriilg an amendment, Mr. KITCHIN. Yes, sir; to strike that out. _ which I send to the desk and ask to have read. Mr. MAJ\TN. Of course, technically, the section is fu·st sub The Clerk read as follows: · ·- ject to amendment, and there have been a lot of amendments Committee amendment: On page 20, line 9, before tlJe word "within,. suggested. But I am inclined to think, owing to the history of insert "or regular stagecoach or automobile line," and a comma. the past few days, that the gentleman from North Carolina The CHAIR~~. The gentleman from North Carolina asks having made the motion to strike out section 504, and is going unanimous consent to return to page 20 for the purpose of offer . to vote for it, it would be an idle and useless ceremony to spend ing the amendment which has just been reported. Is there- any time in perfecting it. Mr. NOLAN. l\Ir. Chairman, I make the point of order Mr. SAEATH. I think the gentleman from lllinois [Mr. against the amendment. MA.NN] is right. . The CHAIRl\IAN. The gentleman does not have to make the 1.\I.r. FITZGERALD. I desire to ask the gentleman from North point of order. . H~ can object to returning. Carolina [1\Ir. KrrcHIN] a question. Mr. NOLAN. I object. 1\fr. KITCHIN. I, refuse to permit the gentleman to do it. The CHAIRl\Lt\..1.~. Objection is heard. [Laughter.] Mr. AUSTIN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to :Mr. FITZGERALD. I will ask it, anyway. I wish to inquire address the committee for 10 minutes upon this bill. I have of the gentleman from North Carolina [1\fr. KITCHIN] why, when not liad any time as yet. it is necessary to raise such a large sum of money for the war", The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Tennessee asks unani it is now proposed to eliminate from a fair contribution street-car mous consent to address the committee for 10 minutes. Is there advertising, bill-poster advertising, sign advertising, and adver objection? · tising in magazines and newspapers? If increased taxes are l\lr. HELVERING. l\1r. Chairman, I object. to be placed on foodstuffs, why let these business ~nterprises l\1r. AUSTIN. l\Ir. Chairman, I have not had any time upon. escape? this bill, and before we reach a vote I want to say something Mr. .KITCHIN. Is the gentieman serious? about it. I am- utterly surprised that the gentleman from Mr. ·FITZGERALD. l am absolutely serious. I have a num Kansas [1\Ir. HELVERIXG] should o~ject, because the members ber of persons in my own community anxious to contribute to of the Committee on Ways and Means have been making speeches the Government under these circumstances. upon this bill for two weeks. Mr. KITGHIN. · I will make a very modest answer to the Mr. HELVERING. The gentleman from Kansas has not had gentleman, and say that after we have increased the postage any more time than the gentleman from Tennessee. rates on newspapers and magazines it does not look as if we Mr. CRAl\lTON. l\Ir, Chairman, I ask unanimous consent to ought to tax now the advertisements, and if we do not tax them return to page 20 for the purpose of offering the amendment on that assumption it does not look right to tax the other fellow which I send to the desk and ask to have read. that comes in competition with the newspapers. The Clerk"read as follows: , Mr. LONGWORTH. In the · opinion of the gentleman, how Amendment by Mr. CR.UITON: Page 20, line 9, after the word "water," much do you think we will lose? strike out the words "within the United States," and after the word "paid," in line 8, insert the same language. Mr. KITCHIN. It is estimated that we will receive ·seven 1\Ir. MANN. 1\Ir. Chairman, on that I reserve the point of and a half million dollars from these advertisements other than order. newspapers and magazines, and now we do ·not think it will 1\Ir. KITCHIN. 1\Ir. Chairman, I will ask the gentleman raise more than $1,200,()()()-$1,500,000 at the outside. Another from Michigan whether that would not now apply to a ticket reason that I want to strike it out is along the line that I said purchased in the United States to go to Europe? $1,500,000 was contemptible in the House a little while ago. Mr. CRAMTON. No. Mr. FITZGERALD. I am not in that classification. , 1\Ir. ·MADDEN. . 1\Ir. Chairman, I object to returning. Mr. DILL. What amount of revenue would be raised- from The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from Illinois objects. newspapers as well as bill posters? 1\Ir. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, we passed section 504 with 1\Ir. KITCHIN. About $40,000,000.- the right to recur, with amendments pending. Mr. DILL. It would raise over $40,000,000? Mr. KITCHIN. Yes. The CHAIRl\IA.i~. Section 504 was passed over with the right to recur, with amendments pending. The Clerk will re Mr. DILL. Mr. Chairman, I have an amendment to perfect port the amendments in their order. the section. 1\Ir. ·MANN. Mr. Chairman, I ask that the· Clerk read the The CHAIRMAN. It is not in m:der now. There is ah·eady section fu·st. an amendment pending. The CHAIRl\IAl~. The Clerk will report the section. Mr. KITCHIN. There are two amendments pending. The Clerk read as follows : The CHAIRMAN. The Chair is trying to take them up in SEc. 504. That from and after the 1st day of June, 1917,-there shall order, because there can not be but one amendment considered b~ levied, assessed, collected, and paid a tax equivalent to 5 per cent at a time. of the amount paid by any person., corporation, partnership, or associ ation to any other person, corporation, partnership, or association for 1\fr: DILL. Would not an amendment to perfect the section advertising or advertising space other than in newspapers and peri be preferable to an amendment to strike out? odicals. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman is correct ; but an amend The CHAIRl\IA.t.~. The Clerk will report .the first amend ment is pending now. The gentleman will be recognized to ment. offer his amendment. , The Clerk read as follows : Mr. FITZGERALD. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous con Amendment offered. by Mr. ·FITZGERALD: Strike out, on page 23, in sent that the vote be taken upon the 'amendment of the gentle line 9, the word " five " and insert in lieu thereof the word " one," man from North Carolina [1\fr. KrrcmN] to strike out the sec and in lines 12 and 13, on page 23, strike out the words "or advertis- -ing space other than In newspapers and periodicals " and insert in ·lleu tion; but if that amendment does not prevail, it shall be in thereof the words " other than in newspapers whose circulation does order to offer amendments to perfect the section. not exceed 5,000 copies: ProvidedJ. That the gross receipts for adver The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from New York [Mr. FITZ tisements to the amount of $l,Ou0 by any person, .persons; firm, or corporation shall be exempt from the tax," so that the section will _GERALD] asks unanimous consent that the vote first be taken on read: the amendment to strike out ·the section. Is there· objection? "That from -and after the 1st day of June, 1917, there shall be Mr. HILL. Reserving the right to object, 1\Ir. Chairman, will levied, assessed,· collected, and paid a tax equivalent to 1 per cent of the amount paid by any person, corporation, partnership, or associa there be time to debate the amendment to strike out? tion to any other p~r on, corporation, partnership, or association for Mr. KITCHIN. If the vote is taken on this amendment and advertising other than in 'newspapers whose circulation does not exceed the amendment is stricken out. 5,000 copies: Prov idecl, That the gross receipts for advertisements to the amount of $1,000 by any person, persons, firm, or corporation shall . Mr. DILL. Will there be allowed time for debate before? be exempt from the tax." I would like to have five minutes. [Cries of" Vote!"" Vote! "J ., 2804 CONGRESSION A'L R.ECORD-HOUSE. MAY 23, • Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that Mr. DILL. Yes; I do understand that quite thoroughly; and the gentleman may proceed for five minutes and after that that I am.. opposed to striking out the section, too, because I believe the vote shall be taken on my amendment. If it does not pre. if you are to tax food in this country, if you are to tax tea and vail, then that the paragraph be subject to amendment. coffee, if you are to tax heat and electricity, if you are to tax The CHAIRMAN. Let the Chair ask if. he will not include musical instruments and everything else imaginable, and h~t the ·gentleman from Tennessee [1\fr. AusTIN], who is trying to me say now I am opposed to all such taxes, but if you are to get time? lay such taxes, you certainly should tax advertising, and should Mr. FORDNEY. Mr. Chairman, it is not a proper time to 1!x the same rate of taxation on newspaper advertising as you discuss that ques.tion so long as there is a motion pending to fix: on other advertising. I think it is a most serious injustice · strike the section out of the bill. If that question fails, the to undertake to raise revenue by taxing these small advertising gentleman will have plenty of time to discuss that amendment. concerns and then let the great newspaper organizations ·of The CHAIR~IAN. Is there objection to voting on the strik· the country go ahead and make their ordinary profits and . in ing out first? [After a pause.] The Chair hears none. addition sufficient money out of the advertising to pay any in Now, the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. KITCHIN] asks crease in the postage rates which may b~ provided. unanimous consent-- Mr. ROSE. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield? Mr. DILL. That was a part of the request. Mr. DILL. Yes. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair diu not so understand it. Mr. ROSE. Is it the gentleman's idea to have the news Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that' papers pay the increased postage rate and also the tax provided the gentleman from ·Washington [Mr. DILL] may have five in section 504? minutes and the gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. AUSTIN] five Mr. DILL. The newspapers will probably not pay it out of their ordinary receipts. They will simply add the necessary minutes. ' ~1r. FORDNEY. If you are going to have a vote on this amount to their advertising rates and not pay any tax · on the before striking it out, I object. advertising either. What I object to is taxing billboard adver Mr. DILL. I move to strike out the last word. tising and advertising in street cars and advertising everywhere Mr. . SABATH. Regular order, Mr. Chairman. else except in the newspapers. 1\fr. DILL. I have a right, Mr. Chairman, to oppose the Mr. PLATT. Mr. Chairman, will the gentleman yield?. amendment, certainly? Mr. DILL. Yes. Mr. SABATH. Mr. Chairman, I ask for the regular order. Mr. PLATT. How could you possibly impose this tax on the The CHAIRI\IAN. The regular order is-- thousands of little newspapers who do not keep accounts? Mr. FORDNEY. Mr. Chairman, I withdraw the objection. Mr. DILL. You could enforce it just as easily as you can Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent enforce an income tax on the fellow who gets only a little that all debate on this section and all amendments thereto be . over $1,000 a year. They could keep accounts. closed in 15 minutes. Mr. PLATT. It would be impossible. Mr. MANN. I would like to have five minutes myself. Mr. DILL. There is nothing so marvelous about having a Mr. KITCHIN. Then make it 25 minutes. small newspaper keep accounts. In the country newspaper Mr. GILLETT. Can you give me two minutes? offices it probably could not'be done without some inconvenience, Mr. DILLON. I would like to have one minute. but in the larger newspaper offices there is no doubt but that Mr. KITCHIN. I will perhaps move to close debate. I with it could readily be .done. draw my request. Now, Mr. Chairman, I desire to take this opportunity to dis Mr. DILL. Mr. Chairman, I ask to have read in my time an cuss this re\enue bill brieily. For several days Members of amendment which I desire to offer if this amendment fails. the House have been fighting over the various provisions of The CHAIRMAN. The Clerk will report the amendment. this bill by which everybody in America will be taxed and the The Clerk read as follows : poorer classes of people taxed several times. Amendment olfered by Mr. DILL·: Page 23, llne 12, after the word " or " where it occurs the second time in the line, insert the word RAISE 1\IONEY BY TAXES 0~ WEALTH. "for," and in line 13, after the word " space," strike out the words "other than." I . think the theory of this measure is entirely wrong. We Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Chairman, a parliamentary inquiry. are at war. ,This is a war-revenue bill. Taxes are irksome at The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman will state it. best, and they will bear especially heavily on the millions of Mr. MADDEN. I would like to know what time for debate common people of this Republic at. this time. For this reason I would raise this $2,000,000,000, or more if necessary, by a is fixed on this. tax on the great aggregations of wealth in this country. In -. The CHAIR~IAN. There is none except that provided under t11e rule. short, I would raise it by a Wgh rate of tax on incomes. on Mr. DILL. :1\V· Chairman, this is the greatest taxation bill excess profits, and on big inheritances. Why, sir, a tax of 25 ever proposed in the American Congress. It proposes to tax per cent on all incomes over $10,000 would bring more than the people to the "amount of nearly $2,000,000,000 the coming $2,500.000,000 into the Treasury. If the rates were increased year. The amendment I have proposed will add more than proportionately up to 50 per cent or 60 per cent on all incomes $37,000.000 and at tlie same time do simple justice,to the other over $100.000, we could raise far more than it is designerl to kinds of advertising business taxed by this bill. raise by this bill. If we raised the income-tax rates to those My principal reason for wanting to discuss this proposition figures we would still not be burdening incomes as heavily as is to call the attention of the House to the fact that this section England is doing in this war. Besides, England does not allow of the bill as it now reads proposes to penalize every man who as large an exemption as we propose. wants to advertise in any way except in a newspaper. I believe Then, there is the excess profits tax. We propose a tax of lG that newspaper advertising ought to be compelled to pay the per cent on excess profits, while in England it runs up to 60 - same rate of taxation as any other kind of advertising. The per cent, and they are now proposing to raise it to 80 per cent. newspapers of this country have done more to agitate and bring Why should not we tax excess profits to a similar extent'/ about the war in which we are now engaged than any other When we allow 8 per cent profit and $5,000 surplu before be force in America, and I can not understand how the Committee ginning to levy on profits, surely the tax burden will not im on Ways and Means could bring into this House a proposition poverish the big business concerns affected. to impose a penalty upon every man who proposes to advertise Why, Mr. Chairman, last year England raised $1,700,000,000 in any way ·except in the great newspapers of the country. from incomes and excess profits alone to finance the war. The Tne chairman of the committee referred to the amount to total estimated incomes of England amount to $15,000,000,000. be raised by this section as an insignificant sum. Certainly it while the total estimated incomes of the people of the Unite Incomes reported .Tin 1915. The 44 companies named above made an aggregate in net profits in 1916 over 1914 of $591,666,151. The increase in net Mea.n~OJJ Numbe~ profits is simply the extra profit& which these 44 companies Classification o 1incomoo. of a.r~~~3 have made out of the war. return3. incomes. If you take 24 of the principal companies listed above and· compare their earnings in 1914 1\,nd 1916, you wip. find in these two years an increase of 500 per cent, and these increases 127,991 t506,928,10) 120,402 903,015, OOJ may be expected to continue. For instance, the Steel Cor *b~~}!~~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 34, 102 426, 275, OOJ poration's last quarter's earnings, just published, would indi 16,475 288, 312, 50) cate that; because if the same 11ercentage is main'tained for fk~ ~~ ~:~::::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 9, 707 218,407,5:>) 6, 196 190, 190, OOJ the whole year the net sum applicable to dividends for 1917 ~g;g~ ~~fig;~:::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: 7, 005 245,175, ()()) will be about $450,000,000. 4,100 184,500,00) 4,791 299,337,50) Now, let us compare the increased earnings and the increased 2; 056 179,900, 00) stock values of two of these corporations in order to get a still m:5 ~~ =rti:::: ::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::: more concrete idea of the increased wealth which off{'rS the 332,828, •.••••••••••• country a ready source of war taxation. Total over !100,000•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 13,824 ••••••••••••• United States Steel Oorporatio1~. Net taxable income all over $100,000. Net earnings, 1014------$23,496,768 Net earnings, 1916------271,53L730 From 1914 to 1916 the number of persons wno reported receiving a net tax:able income of over $1,000,000 increased from 60 to 120, those Increase------248,034,962 reporting from $500,000 to $1,000 000 from 114 to 209, while the num ber reporting net taxable over $100,000 increased from 2,348 to 3,824. Average market value of outstanding stock in• 1914 _____ 682, 648, 282 Average ma1·ket value of outstanding stock in 1916 ______961, 181, 378 Now let us look for a moment at the tremendous profits of the great corporations which an excess profits tax would reach. Increase------· ------~--- 278, 533, 09G I desir(> to insert also the report of the net profits of 44 Ameri Betlilellem Steel Oot·poration. can industrial corporations. Net earnings, 1914------$5,590,020 Net profits of -H American industrial corpo1·ations. Net earnings, 1916------.... ---- 43,593,968 [Figures shown t:re net profits earned for the stockholders after deduct Increase------38,003,948 ing rost of materials labor, depreciation, overhead, interest, and all other charges. All figures are official, having been taken from the A>erage market value of outstanding stock in 1914______17,536,690 companies' annual reports.] .Average market value of outstanding stock in 1916 _____ 106, 112, 130 Amount of Increase------88,575,440 Corporations. 1914 1916 incre.'lse. CONSIDER ALSO THE PROFITS OF THEI RAILROADS. In 1913 the net operating revenue ran, approximately, from $275 a mile in .January to $300 a mile in December. In 1916 the American Can Co~ ...... $2,916,339 fl,962,982 15,046,643 9 23,252,248 13,980,483 net operating revenue ran, approximately, from $337 a mile in ±::~:~ ~i:!,t:~:~~-~~::.::::::::: '~~:~~ 1,643,266 1,536,061 .January to $550 in October. American Beet Sugar Co...... 452, 074 2,445,189 1,993,115 The net revenue ~or railroads earning over million dollars American Locomotive Co...... 2, 076, 127 10,769,429 8,693,302 a American Steel Foundries Co...... 1231,481 3,418,057 3,649,538 annually for the six months ending .January 1. 1917, was prac American Woolen Co...... 2, 788,602 5,863,819 3,075,217 tically $700,000,000, which is the largest profit in the history American Writing Paper Co...... 1108,310 2,524,378 2,632,688 of American railroading, and yet the railroads are insisting on Armour & Co...... 7,509,908 20,100,000 12,590,092 Atlas Powder Co...... 294, 15J 2,939, 790 2,645,640 a 15 per cent increase in rates. Baldwin Locomotive Co...... 350,230 5,982,517 . 5,632,287 In the light of such figures nobody can for one moment seri Bethlehem Steel Corporation ... _...... 5, 590, 02a 43,593,968 38,003,948 Barrett Co. (American Coal Products Co.).... 1,280, 476 4,247,858 2,967,382 ously contend that these corporations can not far more easily Brown Shoe Co ...... ~ ...... 495, 89!) 1,467, 757 971,867 bear the burden of this war taxation than the poorer classes Central Leather Co ...... :...... 4, 876,924 15,489,201 10,612,277 of our people. Colorado :Fuel & lron Co...... 1905,968 2,210, tn 3,107,139 TAX INHERITANCES MORE HEAVILY. Crucible Steel Co .. ~...... 1, 015,039 13,223,655 12,ro8,616 Cuban-American Sugar Co ..•. :...... 2,705,723 8,235,113 5,539,320 But in addition to these sources of taxation, which will not E. I. du Pont de Nemours Powder Co...... 4,831, 79:3 82,107,693 77,Z75,900 seriously burden those who will be taxed, are the great inherit General Chemical Co...... 2,857, 898 12,286,826 9,428,923 Hercules Powder Co...... 1,247,255 16,658,873 15,411,618 ances which are now taxed only a comparatively c;;m:tll amount. International Asricultural Corporation...... 1 160,022 1,279,832 1,194,924 At present no inheritance is taxed by the Federal Government International Nwkel Co...... 4, 792,665 11,748,279 6,955,614 unless it is more than $50,000. This bill proposes to lower the Lackawanna Steel Co ...... 1 1,652.144 12,218,234 13,870,678 Morri!:l & Co. (packers)...... 2, 205,672 3,832,213 1,626,541 exemption to $25.000. I think it could well be lowered to National Enameling & Stamping Co...... 548, 75G 2,417,803 1,869,0!7 $10,000 or even $5.000, and all inheritances ov~r ~25,000 should New York Air .BrakeCo...... 641,046 8,214,962 7,573,916 be taxed as heavily as necessary to raise desired reyenue rather Phelps-Dodge Corporation...... 6, 664,839 21,974,263 15,309,424 Pittsburgh Steel Co...... • . • ...... • .. 416, 551 4,5M,068 4,147,517 than to tax food and other necessities of life. Railway Steel Spring Co ...... • 374,454 3,710,805 3,336,351 COULD ABOLISH INCREASE IN POSTAGE. Republic Iron & Steel Co...... 1, 028,748 14,789,163 13,760,415 will Sloss-Sheilleld Iron & Steel Co...... 490,139 1,912,624 1,422,485 Would it not be far better to tax inheritances, which not Swiit & Co...... 9,450,00() 20,465,000 11,015,000 burden anyone. than to raise the same amount by a 50 per cent Texas (Oil) Co...... 6,185,974 13,898,861 7, 712,887 increase in postage--to the amount of 50 per cent on letters and United States Steel Corporation ...... 23,495,768 271,531,730 248,034,962 100 per cent on post cards? United States Cast Iron Pipe Co...... 1 59,868 1,308,641 1,368,509 United Fruit Co...... 2, 264,911 11, 94.3,151 9,678,240 Even the rates on second-class mail, which at present are so United States Industrial Alr.obol Co...... 653,264 4,884,587 4,231,323 low that the Government loses large sums on the tram'lportation United States Smelting, Refining & Mining Co...... 2,265,641 8,898,4&1 6,632,873 of such mail every year, could be raised more gradually, if W estinghoose Air-Brake Co...... 3, 482, 99! _8,396,103 5,913,109 wealth were made to bear most, if not all, of this burden. W estmghouse Electric & Manufacturing Co. • • 4, 058, 809 9,666, 789 5,607,980 COULlf STRIKE OUT ALL TAXES ON CONSUMPTION. Wilson & Co. (packers)...... • . . . . 21, 511, 528 4,913,873 3,402,345 Thus, Mr. Chairman, we could raise not only the $2.000,000,000 J Deficit. 2 15 months. asked for but even the $4,000,000,000 needed for financing this war the coming year: and we could do it, too, without adding I have not time to analyze these reports, but will call atten anything to the tax burdens of the great masses of the people. tion to just a few of the startling increases in profits here We could strike out the taxes on tea, on coffee, on sugar, on shown since the European war began as compared with previous electric light and heat, on gas light and heat, on telepb,o1iing to the war. and telegraphing, on freight and express bills, on letters and The American Smelting & Refining Co. in 1914 earned a net post cards, on notes and transfers of property, on automobile profit of $9,271,565. In 1916_ the amount was $23,252,248, an factories, on musical instruments, on drugs, on pictuN shows increase in net profits of $13,980,483. in fact, we could eliminate every kind of a tax which the con· The Armour Packing Co. in 1914 earned a net profit of suming public must pay by such taxes on these great aggrega $7,509.908. In 1916 the amount was $20,1000,000, a net increase tions of wealth. of $12,1)90,092. Why, sir, we could strike out the increased tax on intoxi The Du Pont Powder Co. in 1914 earned a net profit of cating liquors, in fact we could establish prohibition, and meet $4,831,793. In 1916 the amount was $82,107,693, a net increase the resultant loss in revenue by increasing these taxes on wealth. of $77,275.900. If we increase the tax on b')oze, we make new rivets of gold by The United States Steel Corporation in 1914 earned a net which the liquor traffic binds itself to the Nation. Let us free profit of $23,496;768. In 1916 the nmount was $248,034,962. the Treasury from the need of this revenue, free the people ,_ 2806 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. l\fAy 23, from the curse of the ' traffic, and free the soldiers who must We must provide men and shins and money and we must pro fight the battles of this war from the danger of drunkenness. vide them now, and while I should like to strike out many of Now is the time, this is the opportunity, and here the method by the taxes to be levied by this bill and substitute taxes on wealtli whiCh to settle tllis liquor question forever, by settling it _right. instead, yet if that can not be done I intend to vote for the bill UONEY POWER WANTS BO!\l>S ISSUED. anyhow. It will raise money, and money' is what we must have. What is the difficulty? Why, the great money power of Amer Then, too, it places a bigger part of the whole taxation burden ica is opposed to th-ese taxes on wealth. In short, capital is on big incomes, excess profits; and inheritances than any other fighting against beal·lng the burden of the war which it did so revenue bill which was ever passed by .an American Congress. much to promote. So, anyhow, we are making progress and some day we shall Big business men all o\er the country say we are proposing reach the goal of placing the burden of war taxes upon these to raise too much of this war's expense by taxation. They great aggregations of wealth first, and leaving the raising of - say we should issue more bonds. Think of it. Not content with taxes by burdening the poor people as the last source of l'evenue. a law that takes the young men of the country, by force if SHOULD VOTE FOR ALL WAR MEASURES. neces_sary, and sends them across the ocean to fight and die, Another reason why I shall vote for this bill is that it is a while they stay at home and continue to get rich, they want to war measure, and I have voted for every war measure which has saddle still more bonds on the country instead of contributing come before this House with the exception of the conscript their part to winning the war: I believe we should not only raise Army bill. I voted against that because I believed it would do the $2,000,000,000 requested by the Secretary of the Treasury more to hinder .arul delay than it would to help in winning the but we should ~ai e every dollar needed for the actual expenses war Without that bill the President could still have raised a of the first year of this war by taxation. The President recom million men, and that was more than could be equipped before mended that we pay as we go. He was right. Why not? It August, 1917. Now that the bill is a law, I hope my fears were would still be necessary to bond the country for the $3,000,000,- groundless and that it will enable us to raise a great and 000 1'"e are loaning the allies. That should be enough bonds powerful Army. We may have oue differences here as to the for one year. The country was never so rich in all its history best methods to be used to win the war, but once the majority as it is to-day, and therefore ne-~;er so able to pa·y. t am op has spoken the time for differences is past. Let us go forward posed to making the young men ao the fighting mld the dying in the work that is to be done in the hope that peace may soon and then when they come baclo, from, the wa'r-that is, those once more be reestablished throughout the great nations of the that do cov~e back aliv e-c01npe.lling them and thei1· children to earth. · , 11ay 1nost of the bi lls of the ~wa1· which they will have al'ready Mr. MANN rose. fo_ught. T11e CHAIRMAJ.~. The gentleman from Illinois is recog nized. IXGREASED PRICES OF FOODSTGFFS BURDENSOME. Mr. AUSTIN. l\Ir. Chairman, if the gentleman from Illinois Another reason why the wealth of the country should bear wishes to speak now I am willing to wait, if that is satisfactory this burden · i~ that the increased price of foodstuffs to-day is to the Chair. · already taxing the average family of this country almost to the The CHAIRMA...'N". Very well. point of actual want. The food pirates and price manipulations Mr. MANN. l\1r. Chairman, we have about concluded the are levying a far heavier tax on food products than it would be consideration of this bill in Committee of the Whole. I re necessary to levy on big incomes and excess profits to raise this gret very much that I will not be able to vote for the bill on its war revenue. Let me call attention to the extent to which they final passage. [Applause.] ._ have taxed and are taxing the food of this country, not for the We are engaged in war. 'Ve have to have very large sums of Nation's need, but for their own private gain. The Old Dutch money. \Ve have to maintain tlte credit of the country in order Market of the city of Washington recently issued a price list that it may float its bonds. \Ve have to raise large sums of showing a comparison of actual prices for food in April, 1914, money by additional taxation at the seaboard. But during the arid April, 1916. continuance of this war, owing to peculiar conditions and the During that three years sugar went from 4 cents to 9 cents fact thnt this country must furnish grent amounts of supplies, per pqund, or an increase of 125 per cent. both of foods and clothing and munitions, prices will be very The price of flour jumped from $7.25 to $14 per barrel, or 93 high and will remain high in this country until after the close per cent. Corn meal from 2! cents to 5 cent a pound, or 100 of the war. · per cent. Navy beans from 7! cents to 18 cents a pound, or 140 That of itself is a great burden upon the lru·ge mass of the per cent. Lima beans from 7 cents to 20 cents a pound, or 185 people of the counh·y. The enormous prices which they will per cent. Lard from 12! cents to 25 cents a pound, or 100 per have to pay for foods and clothing will bear down heavily cent. Butter from 30 cents to 55 cents a pound, or 83 per cent. upon them at the very best. I think it is a mistake to add to Eggs from 21 to 38 cents a dozen, or 80 per cent. Potatoes from that the effort to raise one-half of the money necessru·y to carry 23 cents to 90 cents a peck, or 291 per cent. Onions from on the war by additional burdensome taxation. It is fru· better, 4 cents to 13 cents a pound, or 250 per cent. Cabbage from 3 in my judgment, to levy a small tax upon the people now, and cents to 15 cents a pound, or 400 per cent. . to continue that tax during a series of years after the war is These 11 articles, consisting of the -most common kinds of food, closed and prices. of ordinary things have resumed the nor,mal, show an increase of 167 per cent in three years, and if you take than to add enormous taxes now to the great prices of all the 'lvhole list of 60 articles the average il).crease is 85 per cent articl~s which the people need and consume. for all of them. · If it should become necessary later during the continuance IF WE CONSCRIPT LIVES OF SOME, WHY NOT MONEY OF OTHERS? · of the war to raise additional money by taxes in order to main These are facts, Mt·. Chairman, that should not be overlooked tain the creilit of the country, that can be done properly when in tiie- framing ot taxation legisLation. We are conscripti ng the new bills are brought forward providing for the issuance of new bonds. men of this countr·y to. fight the u:ar. I am in favor of conscript There was once a man, it is said, who killed the goose who ing the money to finance the wa·r. We have adopted what is laid the golden eggs. I am not in favor of killing the goose tenned the seleefi.t•e dt·aft of ·men so each can serve the count1'Y that lays the golden eggs. I think this bill goes far iri that di best. Now, let us consct·ipt the money by a selectit~e system which 1cill take it from those who need it least. It u:e compel rection, and for that reason I shall vote against the bill. [Ap some men. to gi1;e life its-elf in order to win this toar, shaU we plause.] hesitate to compel some other tnen to give s1wh pm:t of thei1· Mr. AUSTIN. 1\fr. Chairman, I regret I can·not bring myself wealth as 1oill not even seriously interte·re with the enjoyment to the point of giving this measure my support. I voted for the declaration of war. I voted for armed neutrality. I supported. of the life they a1·e permitted to live in alrnost t.he sante t~ree dont ana comfort as though there were. no warY This is the the military bill. I am ready and anxious to support a fair, thought in the minds of mt1lions of Americans no1.o and. it wiU just, and equitable revenue bill. But I do not believe in my be the exp·ressi on from the lips of miUions more befot·e this wa1· conscience that I would be doing tbe best thing for my country by bill. has gone on many m.onths4 giving my support to the pending revenue No man in this House entertains greater respect for the M UST WIN WAR AS SOO~ AS POSSIBLE, membership of the Committee on Ways and Means than myself. · Gentlemen, I opposed this war. I spoke, voted, and did I am not here to censure them, to blame them, or to criticize everything else I could against it. Likewise, I fought conscrip them. I have no doubt they did the very best they possibly tion. But war was declared and conscription was adopted, and could under the circumstances. If we were considering a pro· I am for my country-;-hand, heart, and souL .I did ,not help tective tariff bill. drawn. by the distinguished gentleman from start it, but I am willing and anxious to help finish it. We are Michigan [Mr. E_'oRDNEY], the great champion of protection, I going to win, and let us take such steps as will enable us to win would vote for it with my eyes shut, knowing I was serving the . as quickly as possible. best interests of the American people. . ' I 1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2807. Now,. fo1· the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. the quotation exactly, but I know the sense of it-it would not Kr.rcHrnJ, the great Democratic leader and the chairman of the be· any harm to worship this bill, because I think it is unlike committee which reported this bill, outside of his' politics I' anything in the heavens above, or the earth beneath, or the esteem and honor him. He is honest, able, conscientious, and waters under the earth. [.Applause and laughter.] a patriot through and through, and the same can be truthfully . But we have got to be practical. Under the Constitution of said of every member of tile great Ways and Means-- Committee. the United States revenue legislation originates in the House However, nobody is really at heart for this bill, and yet a of Representatives. This bill has been originated and reported great majol'ity are going to vote for it, and vote for it believing• by the Commitee on Ways and Means and considered in the the great body at the other end of the Capitol is going to Committee of the Whole. If I had the power I would dl·aft a radically change, amend, and modify it so that when it comes different bill, even with my imperfect knowledge touching taxa back here it will be a safe and sane measure we can finally tion, but I have not the power. - What is the situation? This is vote for. That hope and trust is uppermost in the minds of about the end of 1\Iay. Preparing this bill with a hop, skip, and the :Members of this House. jump, it has taken us from the commencement of the special But. that is not the fair and square way to meet our responsi- se~sion, which I believe was about the 1st of April, if I recollect bilityr to place it upon the Senate, because the Constitution anght-- gives to this House the power to originate legislation of this J.\.!r. BROWNING. April 2. kind. We have had no hearings on this bill. There are 23 Mr. CANNON. April 2. It has taken us a little over seven members on the committee of whom Zl, I believe, are lawyers weeks to progress to the condition in which we now find our and 2 are bu iness men. Not a banker, manufacturer, farmer, selves. Suppose we should recommit this bill and send it back laboring, or bu lness man was summoned before the committee to the Co~ittee on Ways and Means. How long it woulu take to give his views touching revenue legislation as it would vitally t11~t comm1ttee to prep~re another bill, God knows. I do not atrect the welfare and prosperity· of this great Nation in the think anybody else knows. And yet it is perfectly patent that , pending crisis. · whether the bill be perfect to raise revenue, or just to the people Now, Mr. Chairman, I ask the Clerk to read an editorial of tJ;~e Unite.d States, we have got to raise reve.~ue. \Ve He which expresses my sentiments and states my position far better publicans thmk we ha:ve, anu YOD: Democrats thmk we h~ve. than I can state it myself published in the 'Vashington Post So that from the practiCal standpomt I have !Da~e up my uund this morning. ' for m.any reasons that we had be!=ter pass. this. b1ll and le.t the The Clerk read as follows. coordmate branch, the Senate of the Uruted States, wh1ch I · · understand has been holding hearings ever since the bill was KILL THE TAX BILL. reported to the House, amend the bill or pass it as we send it The tax .bill framed by the House is an unnece sary load upon the to them; but evidently they will amend it and send it .back to people who are suffering from extortionate food prices and the shock the Hou e and let it be settled in conference. of disorganized business resulting from the entry of the United States into the war. - But gentlemen say, ' Oh, are you not afraid to vote for this. It is unnecessary to raise. $1.,800,000.000 by taxes .-during this year. bill and then go home? 11 No; I am not afraid to go home after It is unnecessary to violate the Constitution by trying to pass an ex ti f his b"ll I h - post facto law. It is unnecessary t-i> frighten industry by the prospect vo ng or t I · ·ave a constituency that for many, many of ern bing taxes, just at the time when industry must gatLer strength years have given me their confidence from time to time, believ- · for the greatest expansion in its history if it is to help ·with the war. ing that I act according to my best judgment upon matters of It Is utterly unnecessary to tax foodstu.ffs that are a.lready overtaxed leE!islai!on. [Applause.] A.t times I have been attacked, but by unregulated and unhung food pirates. .. ~ ll the United States were hard pressed by its crerlJtOrs and its credit I have gottt-n on, and I am too old now, under these conditions, were in danger there wollld be a necessity for h"'avy taxe . But the to refuse to follow my best judgment in voting for the bill. creditors of the United States are not asking for tl.e small amount that \Vhv. ' think of it. If I had the power, I would raise_one-quarter may be due them. On the contrary, they are willing to buy more of the Government's bonds. The credit of the United States is higher than to one-third of the- money to carry on this war and support that of any other nation in the world. Its own people are ready to the Government during the continuation of the war by taxa lend it billions of money on long time and at lower interest than is tim}.;- I would raise at least a quarter and not to exceed a third paid by any othsr goTernment. . Instead of ta.x:ing the people unnecessarily a': this time -congress of the money in that way. This is an effort to raise, I believe, J.. should raise money by long-time bonds. With tbJ threat of ruinous for the coming fiscal year, .half of the expenditures by taxation. taxation out of the way the liberty bonds wo~ a go like hot' cakes. A B t t b k t -,.u t " If tl · th" big blunder was made when the taxation bill was ru hed into the House t 1 we can no ac ~ ou · ne can no say, us rng or before the bonds were sold. Individuals and industries are frightened that thing or the other thing had not been done, or something out ot their wits. They will not buy bonds when they fear they may else had been done, we 'vould not be in our present condition." have to pay excessive taxes. They are wondering whether they will w · d"t" h t b ck t, b t h be able to remain in business. That is not the spirit that Congress e are Ill a con 1 ~en w ere we can no a'~ ou U we ave should cultivate among the people. _lt should reassure. them that the got to go on to the bitter, bloody end, whatever the cost, nnd Government's financial burd(·n will be distributed over a series of years; we haye got to win with our allies. [Applause.] that no discriminating taxes will be levied ; and that no section or So th t h ·1 th bill ,, t 1 hil I thi k •t industry is to be penalized or favored for a.ny reason whatever. a w 1 e e u.oes no Pease me, w e n 1 The taxation bill in the HousP. is a wet blanket upon Secretary Me- raises more money than we ought to raise, yet, as I must choose Adoo's campaign -tor the sale of the liberty bonds. As soon as possible between this bill nnd pP...rhaps one that is worse than this bill, the Senate should make known to the country that this bill will never I can see no hope of its being better prepared by this House, pass. Then the people will take heart again. Wheels will begin to turn and plans wiJI be made to expand industry to meet the needs of the and I think from my tandpoint it is patriotic to vote for it. Government for fighting the war. Then the bonds will be bought up [.Applause.] J by rich and poor. Mr. HASTINGS. Air". Chairman, a parliamentary inquiry. Let the Senate give the country to understand that the war is to be Wh · b f th Ho ? fought for all time the end being the triumph of our democracy against at IS e ore e use · the strongest assault that could IJe made against it. Let the people The CHAIRMAN. The question before th-e committee is the know that the immense cost of the war will be borne by those receiving motion of the gentleman from North Carolina [Mr. KITCHIN] the benefit of victory, as well as by those who endure the burden and t t "k t th · hi h b shed the blood needful for victory. As the benefit will run to posterity, o s I"1 -e ou e sectiOn, W C • Y unanimous consent, the com- let posterity pay part_of the cost. It can not pay in blood, but it can mittee will first vote upon. pay part of the money cost. And since the greater and more populous Mr. HASTINGS. I want to inquire whether it is now in and richer United States will be better able to pay its share, posterity order for us to spend some three or four more days in 2:ener·al will still be under a deep debt to the patriots of thls day who pay more ~ th~~~i&!~rc~c~~·fight this war out of current revenues inc~sed ~=:~0~0 °t1~~~~d~~n~~~ther this discussion ought not to be by taxation. It must go into debt. The sooner tbis fact is understood Th CLT 4 Tnl\x AN T'' Ch the bett&r. The debt should be apportioned to the taxpayers over at e L:Ul....L.n.~\L.fi • u.e air can not answer that as a par- lea t 30 years. Fifty years would be better, since the taxpayers 50 liamentary inquiry. · years hence will be enjoying far greater benefits than- those of the im- Mr. MADDEN. Mr. Chairman, nobody realizes better than mecllate future, who will inherit the blood tax as well as the money tax. I do that we must have money to conduct the war, and no one [Applause.] is more anxious to furnish every facility to the President of J.\.fr. CANNON. 1\:Ir. Chairman, I · have been situated most of the United States to enable him to conduct the war successfully. the time so that I could not be present during consideration of But I am not convinced that this bill is justified. I believe it this bill in the Committee of the Whole House on the state of levies a greater tax upon the industries of the country than the Union, consisting when we are all here df 435 Members. ought to be imposed at this time. I believe the imposition of I am not an expert touching the raising of revenue. My the tux proposed in this bill will retard the progress of the congressional life has been most largely spent in recpmmending country and embarrass the financing of the war. If this was the expenditure of money rather than in the getting of ·money. a court of last resort, and there was nothing eise to do except I have been connected with the Committee on Appropriations. to vote for this bill, I would vote for it, notwithstanding the Now, when this bill is almost complE:te I want to say that I have many unjust provisions which it contains. But there being an an impression, according to my best· judgment, that within the other court to which this bill must be referred for further con inhibition, i! that is the proper word, against idolatory, thou shalt sideration, I hope it will come back greatly improved, that the not worship any g1·aven image, nor anything-! can not give you American people will be given to understand after the bill 2808 - CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. M.A_y 23, leaves this House that there is a disposition somewhere in the The CHAffiMAN. The gentleman from North Carolina asks legislative branch of the GovernmeJ;tt to treat the business of unanimous consent to offer these amendments and have them the country and the people of the country along lines of justice. voted on in gross. Is there objection? [After a pause.] The I do not believe this bill extends such treatment to the people Chair hears none. of the country, and therefore I do not think my conscience will The Clerk read as follows : allow me to vote to approve it. So I shall vote against the bill, On page 23, line 14, change the section number of the new life insur- I ance section from " 505 " to " 504." • with the hope that when it comes back in modified form shall On nage 25, line 6, strike out the figure " 506 " and insert the figure be able to give my hearty approval to it, and that it will pro "505.(;- vide the means by which we can do justice to the people who 0n page 25, lines 7, 8, and 9, strike out the following: "receiving pay the bills and at the same time enable the President of the any payment for advertisin~ or advertising space upon which a tax is imposed by section 504, or '· United States successfully to conduct the war. [Applause.] On page 25, line 11, strike out the word "five" and insert the word Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, we have still other amend "four." I On page 51, after line 12, strike -out the new section 1107 agreed to ments here to be disposed of after the one. pending, and hope yesterday and insert in lieu thereof the following : - that we may get to them as soon as possible. ' " SEc. 11u7. 'l'hat (a) if anv person, corporation, partnership, or Mr. GILLETT. Mr. Chairman, I am very sorry to delay the association has, prior to May 9, 1917, made a bona fide contract with a I dealer for thb sale, after the tax takes effect, of any article (or, in the House at this time, but am going to cast a peculiar vote, and case of moving picto.ll'e films, such a contract with a dealer, exchange, - I wish to give my reasons for it. I have been very much trou or exhibitor, for the sale or lease thereof) upon which a tax is im bled and concerned as to how to .vote on this bill. There is no posed under Title III, IV, VI, or X, or under subdivision 13 of Schedule A of Title VIII, or under this section, and (b) lf such contract does not need of criticizing the bill; it has been criticized sufficiently permit the adding of the whole of such tax to the amount to be paid by its friends. Perhaps I should say by its supporters, for ap onder such contract, then the vendee or lessee shall, in lieu of the parently it has no friends. It is full of injustices and inequi vendor or lessor, pay so much of such tax as is not so permitted to be ties as it seems to me. I can not bring myself to vote fQr it, added to the contract price. " The taxes payable by the vendee or lessee under this section shall be yet at the same time I recognize the force of the argument made paid to the vendor or lessor at the time the sale or least is consum by the chairman that the country must have the money, that mated and collected returned, and paid to the United States by such we are in a great crisis, and that huge sums must be provided, vendor or lessor in tne1 same manner as provided in section 503. "The term • dealer,' as used In thi's section, includes a vendee who and therefore l hate to vote against the-only proposition before purchases any article with intent to use lt In the manufacture or pro us to provide the money. duction of another article intended for sale." · I might do as 'the gentleman from North Carolina says he is 1\Ir. MOORE of Pennsylvania. Mr. Chairman, in view of going to do, shut my eyes and vote for it, but I remember that some things that have been said this morning with. respect ~o when the blind leads the blind, both are likely to fal1 into the the ays and l\Ieans Committee and the presentation of thlS ditch. Therefore I , have come to the conclusion that I will bill, I desire to have some matters of record. The gentleman simply vote" Present." I will not vote for the bill, and I do not from Tennessee has indicated that the committee is made up wish to try to obstruct it by voting against it, and so I shall of 2 business men and 21 lawyers, which is an error-the other allow the bill to take its course and vote " Present." I ap 21 are not all lawyers. I presume the gentleman desired to be preciate that I have often voted for revenue bills in which I lenient witll the committee that brought in this great bill, did not agree to all the provisions. No revenue bill ever meets seeing it had a very difficult task to perform. I sympathize the views of any one man, but in previous revenue bills the with the Committee on Ways and Means, of which I happen to party which was in power has always, either by caucus or by be a member, and realize that it is subject to criticism. al rule, or in some way made itself responsible. That leads a though I can not personally find fault with it. I simply regret man to subject his own individual views to the views of his that in all things I could not agree with the majority of the party, recognizing party responsibility and that only so can committee. I purposely reserved my rights as a membe1: of there be legislation. In this case there has been no such course. the committee to offer amendments and to say a few thmgs My party does not hold me responsible, and the responsibility - with respect to this bill. Like most Members of the House. and is not on it but on the Democratic Party. Consequently, it I am sure like many members of the committee. l am not satis seems to me that the way in which my own judgment will be fied with the provisions of this bill. Personally. I do not be _best satisfied is simply to vote " Present." On the motion to lieve it is an equitable bill. I do not believe the distribution recommit I shall vote no, as I do not think if recommitted of the burden of taxation as herein provided is fair. That is the committee would bring out a bill which would be any better. the principal reason I have hesitated to fully support the Mr. BLACKMON. Mr. Chairman, is the committee proceed measure although I have done everything I could to hasten its ing by unanimous consent? passage 'as a war measure. For the benefit of my friends on The CHAIRMAN. It is . . this side of the House, as well as to have it known to my Mr. BLACKMON. Mr. Chairman, we were kept up until friends on the Democratic side, I shall state briefly why a 1 o'clock this morning in order that we might get the benefit Representative coming from a great industrial center may of the oratory of gentlemen who wanted to talk. Now, I am have reason to hesitate to support a bill of this kind. It is going to suggest that this procedure is standing in the way of not a question of loyalty; -it is a question of the square deal the food-control legislation. The people are concerned a great to American citizens who ha\e to sustain the war. deal more about this than they are about speech making, and Assuming from the beginning that it was necessary to raise I am going to serve notice that if this course is pursued I will $1,800,000,000, I have been ready to support a measure for object. · that sum that might fairly distribute the burden amongst the The OHAIR~1AN. The Chair begs to state to the gentleman people. Such a measure is due by Congress to the people and that there are some amendments pending under the five-minute to the President of the United States, because of our declara rule. Of course, the committee can close debate at any time tion of war, and because of' our other crucial vote directing a it wishes. conscription of the life and blood of the country for war pur l\1r. DOWELL. 1\lr. Chairman, what is before the House. poses. Coming from an industrial _section, however, and I The CHAIRMAN. The amendment /of the gentleman- from hope I am not to be charged with sectionalism for using that New York [Mr. FITZGERALD] , and also the amendment of the term, I may be excused for having some doubt about the pro, . gentleman from North Carolina [M:r. KITcHIN]. priety of voting for this measure, and for entertaining the Mr. DOWELL. Has debate been exhausted on the amend- hope that it may be improved upon, even if it shall go to an· ment? other body. What are the facts as to the present internal taxes The CHAIRMAN. It bas. of the United States? Mr. DOWELL. I demand the regular order. The aggregate of all internal revenue collected up to June 30, The CHAIRMAN. The r2gular order is the amendment 1916 was $517,723,000. Bear those figures in mind. Of that offered by the gentleman from North Carolina to strike out the amo~nt substantially one-half, or $236.000,000, was paid not by section. 1 - the 48 States of the Union but by just 4 States of the Union. The question was taken, and the amendment was agreed to. New York paid $104,000,000; Illinois paid $65,000,000; Pennsyl Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, in view of the striking out vania paid $44,000,000 ; and Ohio $33,000,000, or a total of of section 504, that makes necessary five amendments. I ask $236,000,000-4 States out of a total of 48 States. unanimous consent that they may be offered and voted upon As to the income tax alone, what was the amount collected for en bloc. the year ending June 30, 1916? A total of $67,943,000. What Mr. MANN. ·I understand that the gentleman from North States paid that tax? Illinois paid over $5.000,000, Mas!' .2810 CONGRESSION AI.J RECORD-HOUSE. 1\lAY 23, generation, are called upon to pay -50 per cent of th~ cost of said that this bill will disturb business, and th.at some business the war out of taxes and at the same time bear all the other concerns will not be able to live if it becomes a law. burdens of the war. I think 25 per cent or 30 per cent would I have heard that within a given length of time 75 per cent b~ equitable enough, and the balance can easily be financed, or more of merchants fail. It is possible that if this great for this is a war for humanity and liberty, and it reaches in measure is passed there may be no'v and then some business its effects down to the remotest generations to come. And they, concern that will go down. The same argument might be urged at least, can bear a part of the financial burden which this war against the war, that we should not carry on the war because imposes. some boy or man may go to his death. [Applause.] But the I am opposed to the principle of retroactive taxation that is war 1s on. Conscription has been ordered. Preparation is in this bill. W'hen a man has settled with the Government and under way throughout the country. By a unanimous vote t his received his receipt of payment in full, it is a species of dis House has declared in favor of a tremendous bond issue, as honesty to go back and say, "You must pay 33! per cent of large, perhaps, as the counti·y can absorb at this time. what you paid last year as your income tax to the Government." I have no patience with the concerted effort to discredit this, I am opposed, in the third place, to this bill because of its in my judgment, great measure, worthy of approbation as a inequities and inequalities, which may yet be tempered and cor whole rather than of criticism simply because here and there rected, in which case I . will then face the paramount question there may be some objectionable items in it. I have no patience on final action of "What shall I do with this measure? Shall with a man like my distinguished personal friend from Penn I then vote for or against it? " But to-day, my friends, YQur sylvania [l\fr. :MooRE], a member of the Committee on Ways and position, if you do not approve of this bill, is to stand man Means, who continually appeals to sectional prejudices, with the fully in your place and vote against it. Do not be betrayed by idea that where wealth is, it will bear a large proportion of tax, the argument that this is ~ war measure and war has been de and seeks to direct the attention of this House to the fa<'t that clared, and that therefore you must vote immediately for the concenti·ated wealth in certain localities will bear a larger share payment of the expenses of the war. You will have ample op of the burdens than some large sections of the country. I portunity and ample time to. do this in the days that are to know in one section of :Missouri, one county in a district, m~ . represented by one of my colleagues, where it is said that in The CHAIRMAl~. The time of the gentleman has expired. one year $30,000,000 is taken out and earned by men living Mr. LITTLE. Regular order, 1\!r. Chairman. beyond the borders of the State of Missouri. Mr. CANNON. 1\!r. Chairman, I ask unanimous consent that I know of and have heard it said that there is one citizen in the gentleman may have an extension of time of one minute for New York-an ex-Senator of the United States-who bas built me to ask him a question. a mansien at a cost of $7,000,000, a man in wealth equal almost l\Ir. RUCKER. Make it two minutes, that I may ask him one. to Rockefeller himself, who has earned almost all he has in [Cries of "Regular order!"] :Montana and other States than New York, but receives his in Mr. GR.AHAM of Pennsylvania. I understand this is two come in the city of New York, of which he is now a citizen. minutes for cross-examination. So with other great wealthy men who reap their wealth from Mr. CANNON. Has the gentleman from Pennsylvl:lnia any all sections of. the counti·y, but have their residences in the hope that if this bill is defeated in the House or recommitted cities of their selection. l\Iy friend from -Pennsylvania will with or without instructions to the Committee on 'Vays and point to the fact that the revenues are paid there, a.Ithough 1\Ien.ns that we will get a better one? And as we only can origi they are collected from every section of the country. nate revenue bills, is it not wiser to send it to the Senate and This is a great bill. We have conscripted the young men to let it be settled in conference? go to Europe to fight the battles of this country, for this Gov Mr. GRAHA...l\1 of Pennsylvania. Of course we can get a ernment, and we are conscripting in a reasonable degree a fair better one. The Committee on Ways and Means is wiser to-day share of the incomes and not the principal from the wealth ot than they were when they framed this measure. the eountry to help bear the burdens of this war. [Applause.] _ Mr. RUCKER. If a majority of this House votes as the Mr. BUTLER. Mr. Chairman, a parliamentary inquiry. gentleman recommends they vote, how will the bill ever get to The CH.A.ffil\IAN. The gentleman will state it. the Senate? [Applause.] Mr. BUTLER. What is the regular order? Mr. GRAHAM of Pennsylvania. The committee will report it Mr. NORTON. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last - _ back to the House with proper amendment, correcting some of word. these evils. and taking time enough to make corrections of in l\Ir. LENROOT. l\lr. Chairman, I move to strike out the last equalities that are in the measure as it stands. word. - :Mr. RUCKER. I understood the gentleman to say tha~ he Mr. BUTLER. What is the regular order? will vote against it. The CHAIRMAN. The debate has been exhausted, of course, Mr. GRA.IIAl\f of Pennsylvania. At this stage I certainly will. on this motion to insert these amendments offered by the gentle 1\Ir. SIMS. Mr. Chairman. a point of order. The pending man from North Carolina. amendments are not being discussed. All that has been said is Mr. BUTLER. Is not the regular order to vote upon the in the nature of general debate, and we have had exceedingly motion made by the gentleman from North Carolina? liberal general debate. And I shall make the point of order that The CHAIRMAN. Yes; unle.ss another amendment is of gentlemen must discuss the amendments from this time on, after fered to the amendments. the gentleman from Missouri [:Mr. DICKINSON] bas been heard. J\Ir. L.ENROOT. Mr. Chairman, I move to strike out the Gentlemen must confine themselves to the amendments. If they last word. want to abuse this bill, they have had plenty of time and a good opportunity in which to do it. The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from North Dakota is Mr. KITCIDN. If I can stand abuse of the bill, and the recognized, having moved to strike out the last word. other members of the Ways and l\Ieans Committee can do so, 1\Ir. NORTON. Mr. Chairman, I shall vote for -this bill. my friend from Tennessee ought to stand it. [Applaus.e.] I shall vote for it for some of the very same rea l\Ir. SIMS. The talking Members of this House have had all seasons that, as they have stated, impel the gentleman from the time they need. [Applause.] Illinois [Mr. MANN] and the other gentleman from illinois [Mr. MADDEN] and the gentleman from Tennessee [Mr. AusTIN]. to 1\fr. DIC~SON rose. The CHAffiMAN. The gentleman from Missouri [l\Ir. DICK vote against the bill. [Applause.] INSON] is recognized. Mr. SIMS. Mr. Chairman, I . make the point of order that :Mr. DICKINSON. :Mr. Chairman, I will not take up much the gentleman is not discussing the amendment. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair hopes that the gentleman will of the time of the House. It is my desire to ~peak but briefly. There seems to be a concerted effort to discredit this bill just not inSist on his point of order. prior to the time when the vote is to be taken, in order to induce Mr. SIMS. This thing has no end to it, except simply by a large per cent of the membership of this House to vote against tolerance. and any other motion will be open to it. it There seems to be some influence behind this movement to :Mr. NORTON. Mr. Chairman, I regret very much that the discredit it for some particular purpose. amendment has been offered by the gentleman from Nortb I have been reading for the last day or two editorials from Carolina [Mr. KITCHIN] or that it has been necessary to offer a prominent Washington paper denouncing the bill, saying it the amendment. . ought to be defeated and that revenue ougb,t to be raised by a Mr. SIMS. Does the Chair refuse to rule on the 'point ot bond issue. I am opposed to the entire revenues for the pur order? poses of this war being raised by levying the burden upon The CHAIRMAN. The Chair does not refuse. Trusting in future generations. [Applause.] A fair per .cent ought to the well-known charity and good nature of the gentleman from be borne by the present generation. I have heard it repeatedly Tennessee, the Chair hopes the gentleman will not insist on ' 1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 281I his point of order. The gentleman from North Dakota is dis _!er capita. debt~ wealth~ and income of the warring 11ations. cussing a motion to strike out the last word. p laf National Debt ba De b ~ Exterml Mr. SIMS. But he is not confining himself to that. opu Jon. wea.ttb. fore wa:r. The CHAIRMAN. The Chair will request the gentleman now. debt. from North Dakota to stick to his motion to strike out the last ------I! ------~ word. United State3...... ·-·~ 101,577,000 $1,967.03 Hl.OJ ~m: gg ·---i24:oo Mr. NORTON. :( regret very much that the gentleman fi·om Great Britain. • • • .. • . • • • . . • . 47,000, ()()() I,895.ro 76.00 1,573.00 160.00 ~ 59 . oo so_ oo North Carolina [Mr. KITcHIN] offered the amendment to strike Z38.00 Z7.00 66.00 17.0J out section 504 of this bill, and the adoption of which necessi 571.00 70.00 121-oo 7_o:> tates the amendments be bas now submitted. The striking out ~.:: :::~:~~ ~~::~:::~~ ~~mi mI, 176.00 75.00 :246.(}) • 8(} of section 504 takes from the bill a source of revenue which I believe should have been left in the bill. 1 Includes authori~ed f7,()()() ,()()1),0!)1. National income and the ratio of estimated interest on the external Mr. SIMS. What objection has the gentleman to the last debt and on the total debt to national income follows : word remaining in this act? [Laughter.] Mr. NORTON. If the gentleman will take· his seat, I will External T- 2812 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. MAY 23, titled 'An act to reduce tariff dutle and to provide revenue for the I am going to vote for it. I was one of the Members who voted Government, and for other purposes,' approved October 3, 1913, as amended; (d) ores of tht> platinum metals, and .platinum, unmanufac against the declaration of war. I had hoped and prayed that tured or in ingots, oars. 'plates, sheets. wire, sponge, or scrap, and this glorious Nation of om·s •would escape this terrible conflict. vases, retorts, and other apparatus, vessels and parts thereof composed into which we have been drawn, but, gentlemen, we have passed of platinum for chemical uses; (e) nitrate of soda; (f) mechanical ground wood pulp, chemical wood pulp, unbleached or bleached, and that point. W~ are at war with a great military country. rag pulp; or (g) articles speclficed in paragraphs 397, 398, 404, 424, There are no "Ifs" and "ands" about that; and, being at war, 428, 451, 499, 556, 582, and 642 of section 1 of such act of October it occurs to me that every American citizen worthy the name 3, 1913." ought to be willing to make any and every sacrifice necessary The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from North Carolina asks to bring this war to a speedy and successful conclusion. [Ap unanimous consent to consider this amendment in lieu of the plause.] amendment adopted yesterday. Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. MoonE] Mr. :MANN. To offer this. a few moments ago said that this bill was constructed upon sec Mr. KITCHIN. To offer this. tional lines; that it was not equitably and evenly balanced · that - The CHAIRMAN. As a substitute for the amendment agreed the burdens were not justly apportioned. Let me say t~ you to yesterday. that you can hope for little equity and fairness and justice to 1\Ir. MANN. Reserving the right to object, if the gentleman flow from a condition of war. We can not therefore hold up will say that this does not change the substance- procee<}ings of this character and faiJ to make the necessary Mr. KITCHIN. Not at all. preparations to prosecute this war until everybody is content Mr. MANN. But only changes the form, so as to make it with reference to the tax burdens. [Applause.] euphonious, there being several amendments to it-- · Through my section of the country there are corporations Mr. KITCHIN. That is all. mining corporations as ·well as others, the stockholders of which' Mr. :MANN. I shall not object, if we can have an agreement in the main, reside in the East. These corporations within th~ that debate on the amendment shall not exceed 10 minutes. last few years, especially since this war has been in progress, Mr. KITCHIN. I ask unanimous consent, Mr. Chairman, have made great profits. Now, .will the gentleman from Penn that all debate on this amendment shall not exceed 10 minutes. sylvania contend that merely because these stockholders and The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman couples with his request officers reside in the East, notwithstanding the wealth is pro the further- request that debate on this amendment shall not duced in my State, that legislation is sectional which requires exceed 10 minutes. Is there objection? them to contribute a fair portion of their profits for n cause of There was no objection. this character in this great cric;;is in our country's history? Mr. LENROOT. Mr. Chairman, I am in favor of the adop Many of you gentlemen voted for the declaration of war, and tion of these amendments, but I shall vote for a motion to re you voted to conscript the' boys of the counh·y and send them to commit this bill to the Committee on Ways and Means in the the trenches of Em•cfpe; and now when you are asked to con hope and belief that further exceptions will be made to this script the wealth, the dollar, you balk and refuse to do it, declar tariff clause. I shall vote to reco~it it for another reason. ing that you will not vote for this bill merely because it takes a I have more confidence in the Committee on Ways and Means small percentage more of the )Vealth of those who possess the than they seem to have in themselves, for I believe that if this wealth than you think it should. Do you contend that money bill is recommitted to the committee they will not have serious is more sacred than the lives of our boys? And did you not difficulty in bringing to the House a very much better bill than know when you voted the declaration of war that it meant not we are now called upon to vote upon. only the sacrifice of thousands of lives upon the altar of our Mr. GREEN of Iowa. Will the gentleman yield? country but that it would require wealth to prosecute it? Think Mr. LENROOT. . .Just for a question. for a moment, gentlemen, of .p_ur boys on the battle line when Mr. GREEN of Iowa. I do not think these statements that they are ordered to go forward in the face of shot and shell are made here are entirely fair. There has been no evidence where it means that great numbers of them will be mowed dow~ that any member of the Ways and Means Committee has changed and their lives sniffed out for their country, leaving their loved his opinion as to any of the provisions in this bill. ones at home to grieve their untimely deaths. They can not Mr. LENROOT. Oh, no. What I meant by that statement argue the difference between a 10 per cent risk and a 100 per was that the Committee on Ways and Means when they reported cent risk of their lives; they must be willing to make the supreme this bill evidently believed it was the best bill they could report, sacrifice, yet you argue percentages and the effect this bill may while now I believe they could improve the bill. have upon the rich of the land. We recently passed the con But, Mr. Chairman, it must be remembered that the House, scription bill which means that the boys between the a.szes of under the rule that our Democratic friends have adopted, have 21 and 30 years are to be conscripted aond sent to the trenches not had the opportunity of really perfecting this bill. It has of Europe, and now for Members of this House to stand here and not had the opportunity of adding any new sources of taxation, advocate that the wealth of the country escape the burdens of which I believe ought_to be done. - the war is to me the most ridiculous and unfortunate attitude But if this motion to recommit shall fail, I shall then vote they can assume. [Applause.] for the bill for the reason suggested by the gentleman from Mr. Chairman, the gentleman from Pennsylvania [Mr · GBA· Illinois [Mr. CANNON). In voting upon this bill and upon every HAM] on yesterday related a conversation which he had had bill I believe that every Member in deciding his vote should with some publisher. • Thi~ publisher plead with the gentleman test it by this proposition : How would I vote if my '\ote de· from Pennsylvania to vote against the increased tax upon sec feate~ the bill or was necessary to pass it. [Applause.] ond-class mail matter, declaring that he was willing that the Mr. Chairman, I can not take the responsibility of perchance Government take all of his profits, but "for God's sake loove my vote, if the House refuses to recommit the bill-of having him his capital." The men who are fighting this battle and my vote say that this bill shall not go out from this House, and who will be required to fight it can not conserve their capital. by that vote say that the House of Representatives is refusing They are exposing their breasts to all the dangers of war. The to vote money to carry on this war. [Applause.] I am not further thought came to me on yesterday, as it occurs to me willing, so far as my vote "is concerned, to have the enemies of now, that throughout this broad land of ours, when the boys this country across the sea regard that vote as an expression affected by the conse1·ipt law are taken from their homes and that the United States is not going to use all its resources as it their loved ones, that the fathers and the mothers no doubt has pledged to do in its declaration to win this war. would gladly say to the officers, if they were given that option. It has been said that we will have another opportunity later "Take my profits-not only my profits, but take all of my on to vote for a better bill; but if this bill should be defeated, capital-but for God's sake leave me my boy and do not send how will the House ever get that opportunity? If the House him to the trenches of Europe." [Applause.) But we can not refuses to recommit the bill and it is killed, that is the end of it. do that. We must send the boys, for there is no turning back The country would be justified, and the world would be justified now since we are in this war ; and I say shame on the man in assuming that the House of Representatives does not pro who is so wedded to the interests and those who are getting pose to raise one dollar in addition to that which is now provided big profits out of their businesses that he now will hesitate not to carry on the greatest war in our history. For that reason, only to contribute his profits but his very capital to sustain the Mr. Chairman, I shall vote for the bill, but I do hope that the flag of our country and to preserve the liberties and the glories motion to recommit may prevail, because I am satisfied that of our Nation. without great loss of time we would have before us a very much Mr. Chairman, I want the shortest possible time to elapse better blll than is now embodied in the one we are called upon between now and the termination of this horrible affair. I to-vote upon. [Applause.. ) want just as few of the boys of the country sacrificed as is Mr. HENSLEY. 1.\:[r. Chairman, I desire to submit some few possible. Let us, therefore, have the patriotism, the courage. observations upon this measure. I do not enthuse upon the bill and the manhood to do the true and noble thing. Let us not any more perhaps than some other Members of the House, but require the poor boys of the land to do. the fighting and then I 1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 2813 if dent is quoted ai'l saying to three Republican Senators who conferred also require them to do the' paying they escape the supreme with him a ft>w ctays ago that tht> House bilJ was the most vicious sacrifice for their country. [Applause.] . piece of legislation ever nttempted by Congress. 1 Mr. LITTI.~E rose. I desire to call the . attention of the gentleman from North The CHAIRMAN. For what purpose does the gentleman Carolina to the statement and to ask if be knows the views of from Kansas rise? the administration, and whether the administration is correctly Mr. LITTLE. Mr: Chairman, I rise to discuss the amend· quoted? ment. . 1 M:· KITQHIN. I wish to say to the gentleman that my at The CHAIRMAN. All time has expired. The question is tentio~ was called to that article yesterday, and I at once on the amendment offered by the gentleman from North Carolina. called 1t to the attention of the President. There is- not a shadow The question was taken, and the amendment was agreed to. of foundation for that statement which the gentleman has Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, I offer another amendment. quoted, and I am authorized by. the President to say that it is The Clerk read as follows: absolutely false. [Applause.] Page 51, add a new section after the new section 1107 as follows: Mr. Speaker, I have been struck with profound surprise and " SEc. 1108. That in the payment of any tax under this1 act the frac tional part of a c~nt shall be disregarded, unless it amounts to one-hal! amazement to see gentlemen one after another rise here to a cent or more, m which case it shall be increased to 1 cent." day, just before the vote is to be taken upon this important measure. knowing that the Government is iii urgent need of The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from North Carolina asks money with which to prosecute the war again!;;t the greatest unanimous consent to offer the amendment just reported. military power on earth, and decl:ue to the countrv and to the Mr. MANN. Reserving the right to object, how many more world that they will not support the bill which proposes to raise amendments has the gentleman from North Carolina to offer that money. Some give one excuse and some another. Tfiey perfecting the bill? - . say they can not vote for it because the bill is against their Mr. KITCHIN. One more after this. principles; because it has in it inequalities, inequities; because Mr. MANN. If the gentleman will couple with that a request it taxes some industries in some States and does not tax cer that the amendment shall be voted on without debate, as it tain industries in other States. Mr. Speaker, there never was speaks fo itself, I shall not object. a wa_r-tax bill enacted in this country or in any other countrv Mr. KITCHIN. I ask unanimous consent that the amend- · that did not apparently have inequalities, that did not have · in ment be voted on without debate. it some inequities, that did not tax some industries in some The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman couples with his former States or sections while certain industries in other sections or request the request that it shall be voted on without debate. States were not taxed. In the nature of things this . must be. Is there objection to the request of the gentleman from North If we tax incomes, the States having more and larger incomes Carolina? will pay more than the States with fewer and smaller incomes. There was no objection. If we tax luxuries and not the necessities of life. the indm ,. The CHAIRMAN. The question is on the amendment offered tries producing the luxuries are taxed while the industries by the gentleman from North Carolina. producing the necessities of life -Rre not. If whisky distiJling The question was taken, and the amendment was agreed to. is taxed and whisky is distilled in illinois and not in Virginia · Mr. KITCHIN. Now, Mr. Chairman, I ask unanimous con then an Illinois industry is taxed and a Virginia indu5>try sent to offer a further amendment. is not. If tobacco is taxed and North Carolina manufactures The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman asks unanimous consent tobacco and Wisconsin does not, then a North Carolina in to offer a further amendment, which the Clerk will report. dustry is taxed · and a Wisconsin industry is not. It is impos The Clerk read as follows: sible to write a bill that will produce $1.800.000.000. or even Page 19, line 24, strike out the word "advertising." much less, as a war measure and not have such result.c;. Two Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, I ask that all debate on this internal-revenue bills were passed by Congre.o;;s· during the Civil I amendment close in 10 minutes. War. I commend their reading to the gentlemen who propose MJ.·. · MANN. I shall object to the request unless the debate is to vote against this bill and their comparison with this bill. closed before it begins. · [La ugbter.] They taxed every single article that is taxed in this bill except Mr. KITCHIN. Very well, 1\lr. Chairman, I ask unanimous automobiles. There were no automobiles in those days, but consent that it be voted on without debate. there were carriages, and they taxed the carriage..:;. They The CHAIRMAN. The gentleman from North Carolina asks ta;ed hundrens of articles that are not taxed in this bill. 'l'hf'y unanimous consent to offer the amendment and that it be voted taxed railroad boncls and railroad irons and compelled the rail on ~ithout debate. Is there objection? roads to pay 3 per cent of their gross receipts frnm passenger There was no objection. fares. and in 1864 taxed them on the gross receipts for trnn~ The question was taken, and the am_endment was agreed to. porta~ion of both passengers and property. They taxed express Mr. KITCHIN. Mr. Chairman, I did want about five minutes and telegraph companies on their receipts. They taxed hotels myself, but under the circumstances I will not make the request. and boarding houses. They taxed the slaughtering of hogs and I move that the committee do now rise and report the bill to the of cattle. They taxed all boots, shoes, and other articles of House with the amendments, with the recommendation that the leather. They taxed the manufacture of wool and cotton anrl amendmen~ be agreed to and that the bill as amended do pass. silk. of iron and lead, and almost everything in the category of The motiOn was agreed to. tax~tion. Men came here then, as they do now, and protested Accordingly, the committee rose; and the Speaker havina- re agamst those measures. They claimed there were inequalities sumed the chair. Mr. FosTER, Chairman of the Committee of the and inequities in the bills; that their industries were taxed Whole House on the state of th~ Union, reported that that <"om and other industries were not; that one section or State was mittee had . had under consideration the bill (H. R. 4280) to taxed and another section or State was not. They prophesied provide revenue to defray war expenses, and for other purposes, ruin and 'disaster to their industries, as they do now, and there and had directed him to report the bill back to the House with were Representatives in this House then who made the same ar~mments, the same protests, the same prophecies as we have sundry amendments with the recommendation that the arn~nd ments be agreed to, and that the bill as amended do pass. heard in this debate. But, Mr. Speakf'r. as I . have said before Mr. KITCHIN rose. . in this debate, there were men patriotic enough. courao-eous The SPEAKER. The gentleman from North Carolina is enough, men with statesmanship enough tn those days t;; feel recognized. in their hearts and souls that their first duty and their best 1\Ir. CRISP. 1\fr. Speaker, before the gentleman begins will !oyalty was to their country and their Government in that hour he yield to me for a moment? o! her trial and danger. [A~pla?-~·1 And in spite of opposi Mr. KITCHIN. Certainly. tion and protests and prophecies mstde and outside of Congress Mr. CRISP. Mr. Speaker, my attention has been called to an those measures were passed, and the Government was thereby article appearing in the Greensboro News, of Greensboro, N. C., enabled to raise and maintain an army that destroyed the dated May 22, 1917, accredited by the paper to its Washington Confederacy. correspondent. The headlines read : Gentlemen contend that we ought to issue more bonds; that we ought not to tax the people. The gentleman from Penn President Wilson is against revenue bill as drafted by House--Quoted GRAHAM], as saying it ts a vicious piece of legislation-Devolves upon Senator sylvania [Mr. as well as others, have said that not SIMMONS to redraft the revenue bill in the Senate. more than 20 or 25 or certainly not more than 30 per cent of .. the expenses of the war should be raised by taxes and the The article goes on and states : balance sho~ld be raised by bonds. Have gentlemen' forgotten It l.s sa·d upon high authority that word has gone out from the that on April 14 la::.t we passed the largest bond bil1 ever au White House that President Wilson will veto the revenue blll should it be patsed by Congress as drafted by the House. In fact, the Prest- thorized at one time by any nation? We then authorized a bond 2814 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE: MA"Y 23, issue of $5,000,000,000 and the issue of $2,000,000,000 additional Mr. J\1ANN-; The amendment was a committee amendment of certificates of indebtedness-four times more money than covering eight sections, I bE:lieve. I do not 1.'"Dow whether any this revenue bill proposes to levy, and the $5,000,000,000 of others were inserted or not. I take it, and I wish to ask now, bonds, outside of the certificates of indebtedness, are nearly if it will be in order for me to ask for a division of the ques three tlmes the amount that we propose to raise in this measure. tion? I wish to ask for a .q.iv:ision of the question so as to have My friends, why can you not have the same patriotic and a separate vote upon all of the amendments except section 1208, sacrificial spirit to-day when we are about to vote upon a meas relating to ,postmasters. , · , / ure that is going' to tax ourselves, a measure that is going to Mr. CRISP. Mr. Speaker, I do not believe, if I may e:xpres~ impose a burden upon us, as y:ou exhibited on April 14. when my opinion to the Chair, that that amendment is divisible, and you put a burden of over $5,000,000,000 upon your children and I think the present occupant of the chair ruled expressly on this upon your children's childreu Without a single dissenting vote proposition when the Post .Office bill was up, and the Reed unanimously? Why were you so generous in imposing bm·dens a~endment was being considered, and ruled that when ~an on future generations and now so selfish as to refuse to impose amendment was reported from the committee it should be ahy burden on your elves and your generation? Can you feel treated as one amendment, even if it contained several proposi good over that? Will your conscience let you rest in the quiet tions, and was not divisible. of after life when you reflect that you voted with a cheer to Mr. MANN. I would not be worried any .about that. _ put $5,000,000,000 of burden upon children yet unborn and I know that is not correct. This was a motion to strike out then when you are asked by your Government to-day to tax and insert, which the rules say is not divisible. Unless I can yourselves one-thira of that amount you stand here before this have u division on it I shall a$ for a separate vote on every House, before your country, and before the world and protest amendment. I ask unanimous consent-- against it? It will humiliate and mortify your children after Mr. HEI:.VERING. You {lesire simply to sb.'ike out section you when they read that you, amid great hurrahs, voted that 1208, relative to the pay of postmasters, and vote on the balance? this Nation should enter the European war, and that the first Mr. MANN. I want a separate vote. I do not" wa.nt to Yote step taken afterwards you voted, amid great cheers, for a debt against section 1208 in conn~tion with the P.QStmasters, whicll of $5,000,000,000 for your children to pay to carry on he war, has nothing to do with the zone system. I want to vote on the and the very first time your country asked you to do something zone system by itself. I ask JI.nanimous consent that in voting yourselYes, to make some sacrifice, to take something out of your upon this -amendment there may be a Yote upon the combined own pockets~ you got up on this floor, in the presence of your sections 1201 to 1207, inclusive, on one vote. country and the world, and protested against making a single Mr. CRISP. I object, Mr. Speaker. sacrifice or paying a 'Single dollar or allowing an industry in :Mr. 1\fANN. I ask for a separate vote upon every amendment. your State or district to pay a single dollar. [Applause.] The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Illinois demands a It is not patriotism, it is not statesmanship ; ah, my friends, separate vote on every amendment. Mr. MANN. If you have a fair chance to.vote, I will have it. it is not manline S~ I would feel a miserable coward were I if willing to impose a burden upon my children and upon my 1\Ir. CRISP. The gentleman can proceed he sees fit, and I children's children to carry on a war with -which they had will do so. , . . . nothing to do and in which they had no voice, and then refuse The SPEAKER. Both gentlemen are out of orde1·. Ther·e is to pay out of my income or property a dollar of tax to prose no debate about it. . The Clerk will report the first amendillent. cute that war which I helped to bring on. [Applause.] The Clerk read as follows: I was in hopes that the world would look upon this splendid First amendment : Page 3 of the bill~ line 4, strike out the w9rd body of American statesmen on this day and witness, when the " Pight " and insert tbe word " ten." vote 1s taken on this measure imposing a burden upon us, the The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to the amend- same unanimity as it did upon April 14, when every man an ment. swered " aye " to the roll call on a measure imposing a burden The amendment was agreed to. on others. I trust now that the gentlemen w.ho have heretofore The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the next one. made up their minds to vote against this measure will recon The Clerk reau as follows: · sider, and that not a vote will be cast against it. Page 3 of the bill, line 7, strike out the word "eleven" and insert My friends, there was divided opinion among us as to whether "1.3.75." or not the United States should enter the European war. Some 1\Ir. GREEN of Iowa. Mr. Speaker---,. of us opposed it. Most of us favored it. But sihce the Tation, Mr. 1\fA.NN. The amendment has not been completed yet. through the Congres , has spoken war, let us show to the world The SPEAKER. Is that all of it? that among us there is no divided loyalty. [Applause.] Let Mr. MANN. No. That is part of one amendment. us to-day send the message throughout the earth that, in the The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the next part. execution of the country's command and the country's need, the 1\Ir. GREEN of Iowa ro e; most stupendous war-tax measure · ever pre ented to a legisla The SPEAl{ER. For what purpose does the gentleman from tive body, as on April 14 the most stupendous bond issue ever Iowa rise? - · proposed at one time in all history, received every single vote Mr. GREEN of Iowa. To state that in my judgment there is of· the repTesentatives of th~ Amerkan people. [App~a.use.] a misunde1·standing between the gentleman from Ulinois [1\.Ir. It becomes us, my countrymen, my colleagues, to let the world MANN] and the gentleman ·from Georgia [Mr. CRISP]. I uo not know that all our thought, all our wisdom, all pur patriotism, think the gentleman from Georgia understood the reque t of the all our courage, all our efforts are dedicated in common to the gentleman from Illinois. I think it would be agreed to if it was one cause of our country. [Applause.] The impulse, the re understood. solve, in every true American heart. inside and outside this Mr. KITCHIN. I ask unanimous consent, Mr. Speaker, that Capitol, should be to make every sacrifice, undergo every suffer the House permit a vote separately on the amendment to section ing, ·endure every hardship, exert every effort to make sure the 1201, with the exception of-- . · quick and complete triumph of his country and thus hasten the l\fr. MANN. It is only down to section 1206. day of peace to us and to all mankind. [Prolonged applause.] Mr. KITCHIN. I under tood the gentleman in the excitement The SPEXKER. The gentleman moves the previous question · of the moment did not want to vote separately on just 1201. on the bill and amendments to {inal passage. · 1\Ir. MANN. No; on 1201 to 1206, inclusive. Tl1e previous question was ordered~ Mr. KITCHIN. I asked Judge CRISP to take charge of the The SPEAKER. Is a separate vote demanded on any amend- · matter then, as I had something else on my mind at the time. ment? The SPEAKER. Does the gentleman from Illinois withdraw Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, I demand a separate vote upon the his uemand for a separate vote on every amendment? nmen The SPEAKER. Down to and including sedion 120(t 1\!r. MANN. What is this on? Mr. KITCHIN. That will be just one vote on that proposi Mr. OLDFIELD. That is the last amendment, Mr. Speaker, tion? . in the bill Mr. MANN. Yes. . The SPEAKER. . It makes practically little difference about The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to that_am~nd that. ment. .- Mr. MANN. What is the vote being tnken on? Mr. MANN. I want a roll call on that, Mr. Speaker, when The SPEAKER. The one that the Chair declared the vote we reach it. on-- Mr. IGOE. Mr. Speaker, a parliamentary inquiry. Mr. MANN. The zone system? The S:PEAKER. The gentleman will state it. Mr. CRISP. Yes. Mr-: IGOE. I would like to ask the Speaker the effect of the The SPEAKER. Twelve hundred and one to twelve hun adoption of these sections of the substitute. If these sections dred and six, both inclusive. are voted out, do the sections as in the bill when reported by Mr. MANN. On that I ask for the yeas and nays. , the committee remain? Mr. KELLEY of Michigan. I ask that these amendments The SPEAKER. Yes; that is, if they are not voted out by be voted on in the order in which they were put in the bill. some substitute. _ The SPEAKER. The Clerk will report the first one. Mr. l\1ANN. If tl1e gentleman-from Missouri is through, let The CLERK. 'rhe income-tax amendment, pages 3 and 4 of me submit another parliamentary inquiry. If this amendment · the bill. should pe agreed to by a vote of the House, would it not then, Page 3, line 4, strike out the word " eight" and insert " ten." as I underStand, be in order to make a motion to recommit Page 3, line 7, strike out "11" and insert "13.75:" with directions to the committee to strike it out, it having just Page 3, line 1.0, strike out "14" and insert "17.50." been agreed to? Page 3, line 13, strike out " 17 •• and insert " 21.25."- Page 3, line 16, strike out " 20 " and insert '.' 25." The SPEAKER. No. Line 19, strike out " 24 " and insert "30." Mr. MANN. But if the motion to amend is defeated, it Line 22, strike out "27" and insert "33.75." would then be in order on a motion to recommit to instruct the Page 4, line 1, strike out " 30 " a.nd insert " 37.!)0." Page 4, line 3, strike out the word " and." committee to strike out the original language in the bill? Page 4, line 4, strike out "33 " and insert "41.25." The SPEAKER. The Chair does not like to cross bridges Add, at the end of line 5, the following: " and. does not exceed until he comes to them. .• $1,000,000, and." · Add a new paragraph to read as follows : . 1\fr. MANN. That is not a very difficult bridge. " Forty-five per cent upon the amount by which the total net in T.he SPEAKER. The Chair thinks it would be; but it would come exceids $1,000,000.'~ expedite matters to have it cleared up. Mr. MANN. That has never been settled. The SPEAKER. The question is on the income-tax amend The SPEAKER. You can vote it in. You can not vote it ment offered by the gentleman from Wisconsin [1\fr. LENRooT] .. out by a motion to recommit. 1\fr. :MANN. On that I demand the yeas and nays. Mr. IGOE. Mr. .Speaker, I am opposed to this second-class The SPEAKER. On these amendments the gentleman from mail -business that is in here, but if in voting to eliminate this ' Illinois [Mr. MANN] demands the yeas and nay&. Kitchin amendment I am voting to retain in the bill something The yeas and nays were ordered. that is in there that is more objectionable to me, I do not want The question was taken ; and there were-yeas 344, nays 61, to be put in that position. not voting 24, as follows: Mr. MANN. If we .vote this down, you can strike the other YEAS-34-4. out. Adamson Davidson GrahaJ?11 m LaGuardia The SPEAKER. The question is on agreeing to section 1201. Alexander Davis Gray, Ala. Langley Mr. MANN. I suggest, Mr. Speaker, that the vote might ~orne Almon Decker Green, Iowa Larsen later. Let us dispose of the things on whlch' we will not have Anderson Denison Gregg Lazaro Anthony Dent Griffin Lea, Cal. a roll call first. Ashbrook Denton Hadley Lee. Ga. The SPEAKER. A£ the Chair understands it, there has only As well Dewalt Hamill Lehlbach been a separate vote demanded on two amendments. Ayres Dickinson Hamilton, Mich. Lenroot Bacharach Dies Hamilton, N.Y. Lesher 1\fr. MANN. I intend to demand a separate vote on one other· Bankhead Dill Hamlin Lever- amendment. Barkley Dillon Ha.rd_r Linthicum The SPEAKER. You had better do it now. Barnhart Dixon Har:n.son, Miss. Little Bath1ick Dominick Haskell Littlepage Mr. MANN. Has this request been agreed to? Bell Dooling Hastings Lobeck The SPEAKER. No. That has not been put. Is there ob Black Doolittle Haugen London jection to the request of the gentleman from North Carolina Blackmon Doremus Hawley Lonergan Bland Dough ton Hayden Lundeen [l\1r. KITCHIN] ? Blanton Dowell Heaton -Lun.n There was no objection. Booher Drane He1lln McAndrews Mr. MANN. Now, I want a se_parate vote on the Lenroot Borland Druk.ker Heintz McArthur &wers Dupre Hebn McClintic amenqment, mah"ing a number of changes in the income-tax fea Brand Eagan Belvering 1\tcC 2816 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. 1\fAY 23, Parker, N.Y. Rucker Sta.lford Vestal Farr Juul Morgan Smith, c. n. Peters Russell Steagall Vinson Fess Kearns Mott Snell Phelan Sa bath Stedman Voigt Focht Keating Mudd Snook Polk Sanders, Ind. Steele Volstead Fordney Kelley, Mich. Nelson Snyder Porter Sanders, La .Steenerson Waldow Foss Knutson Nichols, Mich. Sta.lford Pou Sanders, N. Y. Stephens, 1\liss. Walker Frear Kraus Olney · StephPns, Miss. Pratt Sanford Stephens, Nebr. Walsh French Kreider Osborne Sterling, Pa. Price Saunders, Ya. Sterling, Pa. Walton Fuller, Ill. La Follette Paige Strong · }>urn ell Schall Stevenson Watkins Garland LeaiCal. Parker,'N. Y. Sweet Quin Scott, ~owa Stiness Weaver Gillett Leh bach Phelan Swift Ragsdale Scott. 1\Iich. Strong Webb Glynn Lenroot Porter Switzer Rainey Scully Sullivan Welling Good Lesher Purnell Temple Raker Sears Sumners Welty Goodall Little Raker Templeton Ramsey Shackleford Sweet Whaley Gould Lonergan Ramsey Tilson Ramseyer Shallenberger Switzer Wheeler Graham, Ill. Lundeen Randall Timberlake Randall Sherwood Tague White, l\Ie: Graham, Pa. Lunn Rankill Towner Rankin Shouse Talbott White, Ohio Gray, N.J. McArthur Reed Treadway Rayburn Siegel Taylor, Ark. Wilson, Ill. Hadley McCormick Rodenberg Van Dyke Reavis Sims Temple Wilson, La. Hamilton, Mich. McCulloch Rose Vare Reed Sinnott Templeton Wingo HamHton, N.Y. McFadden Rowe Venable Robbins Sisson Thomas Wise Hardy McKenzie Sanders, Ind. Vestal Roberts Slayden Thompson Woods, Iowa Harrison, Miss. McKinley Sanders, N.Y. Voigt Robinson Slemp Tillman Woodyard Haugen McLaughlin, Mich.Sanford Waldow Rodenberg Smith, Idaho Timberlake Young, N.Dak. Heintz McLaughlin,Pa. Schall Wason Rogers Smith, Mich. Tinkham Young, Tex. Hicks Madden Scott, Iowa Wheeler Ri>mjue Smith, C. B. Towner Zihlman Hollingsworth Magee Scott, Mich. Wilson, m. Rose Smith, T. F. Treadway Hulbert Mann Scott, Pa. Winslow Rouse Snell Van Dyke Humphreys Mapes Sells Woods, Iowa Rubey Snook Venable Husted Meeker Sherwood Woodyard Hutchinson Miller, lllinn. Sisson Zlhlman N..iYS-61. Ireland Miller, Wash. Slemp James Mondell Smith, Idaho Austin Fordney Husted Scott, Pa. Johnson, Wash. Bacon Foss Kitchin Sells Moores, Ind. Smith, Mich. Britten 1 Sloan Browning 8~ ~d~il {[~¥f~~f~h Small NAYS-235r Butler Gould McLaughlin, Pa. Snyder Adamson Evans Kettner Rouse Cannon Graham, Pa. Madden Sterling, Ill. Alexander Fairchild, G. W. Kiess, Pa. Rubey Carter, Mass. Gray, N.J. Magee Swift Almon Ferris Kincheloe Rucker Cha.ildler, N. Y. Greene, 1\Iass. Mann Tilson Anthony Fields King Russell Chandle . Okla. Greene, Vt. Martin, La. Vare Ashbrook Fisher Kinkaid Sa bath Cooper, W.Va. Griest Mondell Ward Aswell Fitzgerald Kitchin Sanders, La. Costello Harrison, Va. Moore, Pa. Wason Ayres Flood LaGuardia Saunders, Va. Dale, Vt. Hicks O'Shaunessy Watson, Va. Bacharach Foster Langley Scully Darrow Hill Parker, N. J. Winslow Bankhead Franci£ Larsen Sears Dempsey Holland Platt Barkley Freeman Lazaro Shackleford Dunn Howard Powers Bathrick Fu1ler, Mass. Lee, Ga. Shallenberger Flood Hull,Tenn. Rowe Bell Gallagher Lever Sherley NOT VOTING-24. Black Gallivan Linthicum Shouse Blackmon Gandy Littlepage Siegel Brumbaugh Flynn Key, Ohio Sherley Blanton Gard Lobeck Sims Candler, Miss. Garner Martin, Ill. Taylor, Colo. Booher Garrett, Tenn. London Sinnott Cantrill Goodwin, Ark. Mason Watson, Pa. Borland Garrett, Tex. Longworth Slayden Capstick Hayes Montague Williams Bowers Glass McAndrews Sloan Dyer Hull, Iowa ,Riordan Wilson, Tex. Brand Godwin, N. C. McClintic Small Eagle Kahn Rowland Wood, Ind. Bruekner Goodwin, ,Ark. McKeown Smith, T. F. Brumbaugh Gordon McLemore Steagall So the amendments were agreed to. Buchanan ' Gray, Ala. Maher Stedman The Clerk announced the following pairs : Burnett Green, Iowa Mansfield Steele Byrnes, S. C. Greene, Mass. Martin, La. Steenerson Until further notice: Byrns, Te.nn. Greene, Vt. Mays Stephens, Nebr. Mr. BRUMBAUGH with 1\lr. ILn.'ES. Caldwell Gregg Moon Sterling, Ill, 1\tr. CANDLER of Mississippi with 1\Ir, WILLIAMS. Campbell, Kans. Griest Moore, Pa. Stiness Caraway Griffin Morin Sullivan Mr. CANTBILL with 1\Ir. ROWLAND. Carew Hamill Neely Sumnex·s Mr. EAGLE with 1\fr. KAHN. Carlin Hamlin Nicholls, S. C. Tague 1\fr, GABNEB with Mr. MASON. Carter, Okla. Harrison, Va. Nolan Talbott Chandler, N.Y. Haskell Norton Taylor, Ark. Mr. KEY of Ohio with Mr. WATSON of Pennsylyania. Clark, Fla. - Hastings Oldfield Taylor, Colo. Mr. SHERLEY with Mr. WooD of Indiana. Claypool Hawley Oliver, Ala. Thomas Mr. MoNTAGUE with Mr. DYER. Coady Hayden Oliv"Cr, N. Y. Thompson Colller Heaton O'Shaunr.ssy Tillman Mr. GooDWIN of Arkansas with l\lr. HuLL of Iowa. Connally, Tex. He1lin Overmyer Tinkham The result of the vote was tulnounced as abo\e recorded. Connelly, Kans. Helm Overstreet Vinson The SPE.AKER. The Clerk will report the Doremus amend· Cox Helvering Padgett Volstead Crisp Hensh•y Park Walker ment. · Dale, N.Y. Hersey Parker, N. J. Walsh The Clerk rend as follows : Dale, Vt. Hill Peters Walton Dallinger · Hilliard Platt Ward Strike out the word "and," in line 6, on page 26, and insert in Decker Holland Polk Watkins lieu thereof the following : Denison Hood Pou Watson, Va. ((Provided, That the tax of 5 per cent shall not be collected until Dent Houston Powe.rs Weaver the manufacturers of the articles herein enumerated shall have earned Dewalt Howard Pratt Webb a profit of 8 pE:r cent upon the actual capital invested. For the Dickinson Huddleston Price Welling purpose of this naragraph the actual capital invested means, first, Dl.es Hull, Tenn. Quln Welty actual cash pa1rl fn : s~cond, the actual cash value at the time of pay. Dixon Igoe Ragsdale Whaley ment of assets other than cash paid in ; and, third, paid · in or earned Dominick Jacoway Rainey White, Me. surplus and undlvi.ded profits used or employed in the business." Dooling Johnson, Ky. Ramseyer · White, Ohio Doolittle Johnson, S.Dak. Rayburn Wilson, La. Mr. OLDF'IELD. On that, 1\Ir. Speaker, I demand the yeas Dough ton Jones, Tex. Reavis Wilson, Tex. and nays. ,- Dowell Jones, Va. Robbins Wingo Drane Kehoe Roberts Wise The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Arkansas demands the Dupre Kelly, Pa. Robinson Young, N.Dak. yeas and nays. Elston Kennedy, Iowa Rogers Young, Tex. The yeas and nays were ordered. , Estopinal Kennedy, R. I. Romjue The question was taken; and there were-yeas 173, nays 235, NOT VOTING-21. not voting 21, as follows : Candler, Miss. Flynn Martln, Ill. Watson, Pa. YEAS-173. Cantrlll Garner Mason Williams Capstick Hayes Montague Wood, Ind. Anderson Cannon Crago Dillon Doremus Church Hull, Iowa Riordan Austin Carter, Mass. Cramton Dye~ Kahn Rowland Bacon Cary Crosser Drukker Eagle Key, Ohio Stevenso.n Barnhart Chandler, Okla. Currie, MJch. Dunn Bland Clark, Pa. Curry, Cal. Eagan Britten Classon Darrow Edmonds So the amendment was rejected. Brodbeck Cooper, Ohio Davidson Ellsworth The following additional pairs were announced: Browne· Cooper, W.Va. Davis Emerson Until further notice: Browning Coofter, Wis. Dempsey Esch Butler Denton Fairchild, B. L. Mr. FLYNN with 1\fr. HULL of Iowa. Campbell, Pa. 8~~t!fio Dill Fairfield 1\fr. MARTIN of Illinois with Mr. HAYEs. 1917. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-HOUSE. . 2SI7 Mr. RIORDAN with Mr. :WooD of Indiana~ Rayburn Sherwood Stevenson Walton The result of the vote was then announced as above recorded. Reavis Shouse Sumners Wason Robinson Sims , Switzer Watkins' The SPEAKER. The next question is on the amendment com- Rodenberg Sisson -Talbott Watson, Va. prising sections 1201 down to and including section 1206. . Romjue · Slayden Taylor, Ark. Webb Mr. MANN. A parliamentary inquiry. Rouse Sloan Taylor, Colo., Welling Rubey Small Temple Welty The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. Rucker Smith. Mich. Thomas Whaley Mr. MANN. Under the rule of recognition which the Speaker Russell Wbite, Ohio has heretofore announced, no member of the Ways and Means Sabath ~~~~k ~~r:~on Wilson, La. ~anders, Ind. Snyder Tinkham Wilson, Tex. Committee having announced that he would vote against the Sanders, La. Steagall Treadway Wingo bill, will I be entitled to recognition to move to recommit the Saunders, Va. Stedman Van Dyke Wise . bill at the proper stage? Scott, Iowa Steele Venable Woods, Iowa Sears Stephens, Miss. Vestal Young, Tex. The SPEAKER. With one additional qualification, if the Shackleford Stephens, Nebr. Vinson gentleman is opposed to the bill. - Shallenberger Sterling, Til. Voigt Mr. MANN. I am. Sherley Sterling, Pa. Walker The SPEA.h.'"ER. The Chair will recognize the gentleman if NAYS-150. no member of the 'Vays and Means Committee moves to re· Anderson Gallivan McCormick Sanders, N. YQ commit. Austin Garland McCulloch· Sanford Mr. MANN. No member-of the Ways and Means Committee Bacon Gtllett McFadden Schall Bland Glynn McKenzie · Scott, Mich. can qualify. Britten Good McKinley Scott, Pa. The SPEAE..""ER. If he can not qualify, be can not make the Bruckner Gould McLaughlin, Pa. Scully motion. Butler Graham, Ill.. Madden · Sells Chandler, N.Y. Graham, Pa. Magee Siegel Mr. RAINEY. On this amendment I d~mand the yeas and Chandler, Okla. Gray, N.J. Maher Sinnott nays. Clark, Pa. Greene, Vt. Mann Slemp The yeas and nays were ordered. Cooper, Wis. Griest Mapes Smith, Idaho Costello Griffin Meeker Smith,T.F. Mr. RAINEY. 1\.lr. Speaker, there lms been so much confusion Cramton Hadley Miller, Minn. Stafford in the House that I ask unanimous consent that the amendment Dale, N.Y. Hamill Miller, Wash. Steenerson be again reported. Dale, Vt. Hamilton, Mich. Monden · Stiness Dallinger Hamilton, N.Y. Moore, Pa. Strong The SPEAKER. Without objection the amendment will be Darrow Haskell Morgan Sullivan again reported. Dempsey Heaton Mott Sweet There was no objection, and the Clerk again reported the Dillon Hicks Mudd Swift Dooling Hill Nichols, 1\!ich. Tague Kitchin amendment. Dowell Hollingsworth Oliver, N.Y. Templeton Mr. HULBERT. Mr. Speaker, a parliamentary inquiry. Dunn Hulbert Olney Tilson The SPEAKER. The gentleman will state it. Eagan Husted Osborne ~imberlake Edmonds lgoe Paige Towner Mr. HULBERT. If this amendment be defeated, then the Ellsworth Ireland Parker, N.Y. Yare position in which the House will be is precisely the same as Esch James Phelan Volstead though the bill were reported with the original provisions as Fairchild, B. L. Johnson, Wash. Platt Waldow 1 Fairchild, G. W. Juul Powers Walsh they were first contained in the bill? Fairfield Kelley, Mich. Pratt Ward The SPEAKER. -That is correct. Farr Kelly, Pa. Raker Wheeler Mr. HULBERT. And in order to strike out those provisions, Fess Kennedy, R. L Ramsey White, Me. Fitzgerald · Kiess, Pa. Rankin Wilson, Ill. which this amendment now seeks, in part, to amend, it would be Focht Knutson Reed Winslow necessary to move to recommit. Francis LaGuardia Robbins Woodyard Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, I will state to the gentleman that Freeman Langley Roberts Young, N.Dak. French Lehlbach Rogers Zihlman that motion will be made. Fnller, Ill. Lunn Rose Mr. HULBERT. Very well. Gallagher McArthur Rowe The SPEAKER. The Clerk will call the roll. NOT VOTING-22. The Clerk called the roll; and there were-yeas 257, nays 150, Candler, Miss. Flynn Martin, Ill. Watson, Pa. not voting 22, as follows : Cantrill Garner Mason Weaver YEAS-257. Capstick Hayes Montague Williams Carter, Okla. . Hull, Iowa Riordan Wood, Ind.' Adamson Copley Gray, Ala. Lee, Ga. Dyer Kahn Rowland Alexander Cox Green, Iowa Len root. Emerson Key, Ohio Smith, C. B. Almon Crago Greene, Mass. Lesher Anthony Crisp Gregg Lever So the Kitchin amendment was agreed to. Ashbrook Crosser Hamlin Linthicum The Clerk announced the following additional pair : Aswell Currie, Mich. Hardy Little Ayres Curry, Cal. Harrison, Miss. Littlepage Until further notice: Bacharach. Davidson Harrison, Va. Lobeck Mr. QABTER of Oklahoma with l\lr. E.MEnSoN. Bankhead Davis Hastings London Barkley Decker Haugen Lonergan The result of the vote was announced as above recorded. Barnhart Denison Hawley Longworth The SPEAKER. The question now is on the engrossmenf aml Bathrick Dent Hayden Lundeen third reading of the bil1. Bell Denton Heflin McAndrews Black Dewalt Heintz McClintic The bill was ordered to be engrossed and rend a third time Blackmon Dickinson Helm McKeown and was read the third time. · Blanton Dies Helvering McLaughlin, Mich. Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, I move to recommit the bill to the Booher Dill Hensley McLemore Committee on Ways and Means. Borland Dixon Hersey Mansfield · Bowers Dominick Hilliard Martin, La. The SPEAKER. The gentleman stated this morning that he Brand Doolittle Holland Mays was opposed to the bill. - Brodbeck Doremus Hood Moon Browne Dough ton Houston Moores, Ind. 1\Ir. MANN. Yes; a good many times. Browning Drane Howard Morin The SPEAKER. The gentleman from Illinois moves to recom· Brumbaugh Drukker Huddleston Neely mit this bill to the Committee on Ways and Means. Buchanan Dupr6 Hull, Tenn. Nelson !vir. ask Burnett Eagle Humphreys Nicholls, S. C, MANN. And on that I for the yeas and nays. Brynes, S.C. Elston Hutchinson Nolan , The yeas and nays were ordered. Byrns, Tenn. Estopinal Jacoway Norton The question was taken; and there were-yeas 161, nays 247, Caldwell Evans Johnson, Ky. Oldfield Campbell, Kans. Ferris Johnson, S.Dak. Oliver, Ala. not voting 21, as follows : Campbell, Pa. Fields Jones, Tex. O'Shaunessy YEAS-161. Cannon Fisher Jones, Va. Overmyer Caraway Flood Kearns Overstreet Anderson Cooper, Wis. Elston Good Carew Fordney Keating Padgett Anthony Costello Emerson Goodall Carlin Foss Kehoe Park Austin Crago Fairchild, B. L. Gould Carter, Mass. Foster Kennedy, Iowa Parker, N. J. Bacon Curry, Cal. Fairfield Graham, Ill. Cary Frear Kettner Peters Bland Dallinger Farr Graham,Pa. Church Fuller, Mass. Kincheloe Polk Bowers Darrow Fess Gray, N.J. Clark, Fla. Gandy King Porter Britten David8on Focht Greene, Mass.• Classon Gard Kinkaid .Pou Butler Davis Francis Greene, Vt. Claypool Garrett. Tenn. Kitchin Price Campben, Kans. Dempsey Frear Griest Coady Garrett, Tex. Kraus Purnell Carter, .Mass. Denison Frenc-h Hamilton, Mich. Collier Glass Kreider Quin Cary Doremus Fuller, DJ. Hamilton, N.Y. Connally, Tex. Godwin, N. C. La Follette Ragsdale Chandler, N.Y. Dowell Gallagher Haskell Goodall Larsen Rainey · Chandler, Okla. Dunn Gallivan Dawley g~~g:;!l()~!ns. Goodwin, Ark. Lazaro Ramseyer Clark, Pa. Edmonds Garland Heaton Cooper, W.Va. Gordon Lea, Cal. Randall Cooper, W.Va. Ellswoxth Glynn Heintz 1 . 2818' CONGRESSIONAL R , ECOR~HOUSE. Hersey McFadden Reavis Swift I.EAVE OF ABSENCE. Hicks McKenzie Reed Switzer Hollingsworth McKinley Robbins Temple Mr. GARNER,. by unanimous cansent, was grnntM leave: of Hulbert McLaughlin, P~t. Roberts Templeton ab ence fo? weeks on account of sickness. Husted Madden Rodenbtrg Tilson two- Hutchinsc.n Magee Rogers Timberlake wAR, REVE...."nm. Ireland Mann Rose Tinkham Johnson, Wash. Meeker Rowe Towner The SPEAKER. Th question is: on.~ the passage of hill. Juul Miller, MinD. Sanders, Ind. Treadway t4e Kearns Mondell Sanders, N.Y. Vare lli. MAl'lN On that I ask for the yeas and nays. Kelley, Mich. Moores, Ind. Sanford vesta! The SPEAKER. The: gentleman from Illinois demands the Kelly, l'a. Mor~an Schall Wai.dow Kiess, Pa. Morm Scott, Iowlli Walsh yeas and nays. Kinkaid' Mott Scott, Mich. Ward The yeas anti. nays were ordered. Knutson Mudd Seott,Pa. Wason The SPEAKER.. The question is ,on the pa sage- of tbe blll. Kraus Nichols, Mich. Sells Wheeler The Clerk will call the roll. Those in. ftrvor ot.J)assing the bill Kreider Osborne Siegel White, M~. La Follette Paige Sinnott Wilso~, nt. will, wheL.· their names are callell .answer " yea u ; th'()Se op· LaGuardia Pa•·ker, N.Y. Slemp. Winslow posed will answer "nay." Langley Powers Smitb, Idaho Woods, Iowa. Lehlbach Pratt Snell Woodyard The. question_Jvas taken;. and there were--yeas 329. nays 76, Lenroot · Purnell Statrord Youn~, N.Dak. answered " present " 4, not voting 21, as follo:ws : Lundeen Ramsey Steenerson Z~hlman McArthur Ramseyer Stiness YEAS--3W. McCormick Randall Strong Adamson Eagle King Russell McCulloch Rankin Sweet Alexander Ell ~th .Kinkaiu abatfi NAYS-247. Almon Elston Kitchin anders, Ind. Ander on. EmeYson · Knutson anders, La. Adamson Doolittle Kehoe Romjce Ashbrook Esclr Kraus aunders, Va. Alexander Doughton Kenned.Y Iowa Rouse Aswell Estoplnal La Follette Schall Almon Drane Kennedy, R.I. Rubey Lyres Evans Larsen e&ti, IOWlll Ashbrook Drukker Kettner Rucker BaC"harach Faix:child. G. W Laz:rr() Seott,. Mlch. Aswell Dupre Kincheloe Russell Bankhead Fairfield Lea. Cal. Scott Pa~ Ayres Eagan King Sabath Barkley Fan Lee, Ga. Scully Bacharach Esch Kitchin Sanders, La. Barnhart Ferris Lehlbach Sears Bankhead Estopinal Larsen Saunders, Va. Bathri k Fess · I~enDo.ot. Shacltlefo:ru Barkley Evans Lazaro Scully Bell Fields Lesher Shallenberger Barnhart Fairchild, G. W. Lea, Cal. Sears Black Fisher Lever Sherley Bathrick Ferris Lee, Ga. Shackleford Blackmon. .Fitzgerald Linthicum Sherwood Bell Fields Lesher Sballenber... Bland Flood Little Shouse Black Fisher LeveY Sherley Blanton Fordney Littlepage Sims Blackmon Fitzgerald ~ Linthicum Sherwood Boohel' Fo~ Lobeck Sinnott Blanton, Flood Little Shouse Borland Fo ter Lonergan ... Isson Booher "Fordney Littlepage Sims Bowel'S Fra.ncls Lon orth Slayden Borland Foss Lobeck Sisson Brand Freer Lundeen Sloan Brand Foster Lon·don Slayden BFodbeclr French Lunn mall Brodbeck Fuller, Mas:::. Lonergan Sloan · Browne , Fufler,.J'\Iass. Me:An Fuller, Ill. Husted Magee Slemp Also, memorial of the Legislature of the State of California, Garland Hutcbin'Son Mann Snell Good Ireland Meeker Strong recommending that Congress provide as expeditiously as pos· Goodall Juul Parker, N. Y. Sweet sible a fairer and more adequate compensation for those engaged Gould Platt Swift in active service in the Army and Navy of the United States; tQ Graham, Ill, ~~~~Ja. Powers Templeton -~ Grabam,Pa. LaGuardia Pratt - Vestal the Committee on Military .A::ffairs. Gray, N. J. Langley Purnell Waldow Walsh Greene, Mass. McArthur RobbJns •: . Hamilton, N, Y. ~cCormick Roberts Ward PRIVATE B:f1;LS AND RESOLUTIONS. Heaton cFadden Rodenberg Wheeler Heintz McKenzie Rose Wilson, Ul. Under cl~use 1 of Ru1e "XXII, private bills and resolutions Hersey McKinley Sanders, N.Y. Winslow ·rucks McLaughlin, Pa. Sanford, Woodyard were introduced and severally referred as follows: Hollingsworth Madden Sells Zihlman By Mr. BRODBECK: ·A bill (H. R. 4645) to correct the mili ANSWERED "PRESENT "-4. tary record of John D. Richter; to the Committee on Military Affairs. ' Siegel Gillett London Moore, Pa. By 111r. DEMPSEY: .A. bill (H. R. 4646) granting an increase NOT VOTING-21. of pension to John J. Callahan; to the Committee on Invalid Candler, Miss. Garner Mason Watson, Pa. Pensions. · Cantrill Hayes Montague Williams By Mr. FAIRFIELD: A bill (H. R. 4~7) granting an increase Capstick Hull, Iowa Mudd Wood, Ind. Dyer Kahn Riordan of pension to Abraham Gindlesparger; to the Committee on Flynn Key, Ohlo Rowland Invalid Pensions. Freeman Martin, Ill. Steenerson By Mr. HAWLEY: A bill (H. R. 4648) granting an increase of The SPEAKER. The Clerk will call my name. }>ens ion to George C. Gardner ; to the Committee on Invalid The Clerk called the name of :Mr. CLABK of Missouri, and he Pensions. answered "Yea.' ~ · By Mr. HAYDEN: A bill (H. R. 4649) granting an increase So the bill was pas ed. of pension to George R. Watt; to the Committee on Invalid The Clerk -announce(} the following additional pairs: Pensions. . On the vote; By Mr. LITTLE: A bill (H. R. 4650) granting an increase of Mr. CANTRILL (for) with Mr. RowLAND (against). pension to Richard Limbird; to the Committee-on Invalid Pen~ Mr. MoNTAGUE (for) with Mr. DYER (against). ~~ . Mr. Munn (for) with Mr. WATSON of Pennsylvania (against). Also, a bill (H. R. 4651) granting an increase of pension to Until further notice: Mary E. Foster ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. - Mr. KEY of Ohio with l\Ir. STEENERSON. Also, a bill (H. R. 4652) granting an increase of pens~on to l\Ir. 1\IARTIN of Illinois with Mr. WILLIAl.!S. Thomas H. Summers; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mr. CUTDLER of Mississippi with Mr. FREEMAN. Also, a bill (H. R. 4653) to correct the military record of Levi l\Ir. FLYNN with Mr. HAYEs. Mott;. to the Committee ..on Military Affairs. , Mr. lliOBI.I.A.N with Mr. Woon of Indiana. Also, a bill (H. R. 4654) to correct the military record of Riley 1\Ir. G . J 1.NER with 1\Ir. KAHN. Phillips ; to the Committee on Military Affairs. ThE:. :i:esolt of the vote was announced us above recorued. By Mi·. lUcKTh"'~. .ln :A bill (H. R. 4655) granting a pension to On motion of Mr. KITcHIN, a motion to reconsider the vote Edward F. O'Toole ; to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. whereby the bill was passed was laid on the table. By Mr. NEELY: A bill (H. R. 4656) granting a pension to Earl W. Newlon; to the Committee on Pensions. LEAVE OF ABSENCE. By Mr. STEENERSON: A bill (H. R. 4657) granting a pen Mr. MARTIN of Louisiana, by unanimous consent, at the re· sion to John W. Strauser; to the Committee on Invalid Pen guest of Mr. DUPB:E, was granted leave of absence indefinitely, sions. on account of illness. By Mr. TIMBERLAKE: A bill (H. R. 4658) granting a. pen ADJOURNMENT. · sion to Lydia J. Striker; to the Committee on Iuv~lid Pensions. By Mr. TINKHAM: A bill (H. R. 4659) placing Henry E. l\Ir. KITCHIN. Mr. Speakei·, I move that the House do now Rhoades, ..assistant engineer, United States Navy, on the re adjourn. · · tired list with advance of one grade; to the Committee on Naval The motion was agreed to; accordingly {at 5 o'clock and 39 Affairs. r:ninntes p·. m.) the House adjourned until to-morrow, Thursday, By l\fr. WELTY : A bill (H. R. 4660) granting an increase of May 24, 1917, at 12 o'clock noon. · pension to Johnston B. Geisinger-.;_ to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. · PUBLIC BILLS, RESOLUTIONS, AND MEMORIALS. PETITIONS; ETC. Under clause 3 of Rule XXII, bills, resolutions, and memorials Under clause 1 of Rule XXII, petitions and papers were laid were introduced and severally referred as follows : on the Clerk's desk and referred as follows : . By Mr. FRENCH: A bill (H. R. 4642) to punish the specula By the SPEAKER (by reque t): Petition of women of tion by any person or body of persons for the purp_ose of corner Franklin County, Mo., favoring suffrage for women; to the ing the market, and for other purposes, and providing a penalty Committee on the Judiciary. therefor; to the Committee on Agriculture. Also {by request), memorial of city council of Chicago, ask By Mr. NEELY: A bill (H. R. 4643) providing for the canaliza ing Congress of the United States to take a stand in behalf of tion of the Ohio River ; to the Committee .on Rivers and Harbors. the formation of an Irish republic; to the Committee on For- By Mr. CARLIN: A bill {H. R. 4644) to promote the earlier eign Affairs. _ use of daylight in certain month.s yearly; to provide additional Also (by request), petition of sundry citizens of College Hill, hours daily in which business men and others may devote them Beaver Falls, Pa., favoring prohibition as a war measure ; to selves to military and other pursuits calculated to benefit the the .Committee on Military Affairs. Nation _in time of wru·; to estnbHsh a standard time in the Also (by requesl:), petition of sundry citizens of Rochester, United States, and for other purposes relating thereto; to the N. Y., favoring the repeal of the conscription law; to the Com- Committee on Intet·state and Foreign Commerce. IDittee on Military Affairs. • By Mr. CLARK of Florida: Joint resolution (H. J. Res. 94) Also (by request), petition of the Interstate Cotton Seed authorizing the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution Crushers' Association of Dallas, Tex., tendering resources and to ·permit the Secretary of War to erect temporary buildings in services to the country ; to the Committee on Military Affairs. the Smithsonian Grounds; to the Committee on the Library. Also (by request),. memorial of Florida Woman's Party, favor By Mr. EMERSON: ;Toint resolution (H. J. Res. 95) authoriz ing woman suffrage; to the Committee on the Judiciary." ing the President to call together medical experts to discover By Mr. BACHARACH: Petition of sundry citizens of Beverlyi a cure for consumption or the white plague; to the. Committee N. J., favoring prohibition as a war measure; to the Committel' on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. on the Judiciary. By Mr. KETTNER: Memorial of the State Legislature of the By Mr. BARNHART: Petition of sundry citizens of Kno~, State of California, favoring the sale of ripe pine in national Ind., favoring national· prohibition; to the Committee on t.h!' forest reserves and the application of funds derived therefrom Judiciary. to the building of dams and reservoirs for conserving the waters By Mr. BROWNING: Memorials of First Baptist Church J~ of the State and protecting lands from floods; to-the Committee Collingswood and sundi"y citizens of ,Woodbury, N. J., favoril.l~ on the Public Lands. · national prohibition; to the Committee on the .Judiciary. I - 2820 CON'GRESSION AL l{ECORD-HOUSE. MAY 23, By Mr. DALE of New York: Petitions of sundry citizens of F. Berkander, of Providence; H; L. Madison, of Providence i New York, opposing increase in letter postage and inc~ease in Collyer Machine Co., of Pawtucket; Frank Wood, of Valley. postal rates for second-class matter; to the Committee on Ways Falls; Collyer Insulated Wire Co., of Pawtucket; Providence I and Means. (R. I.) Baptist Ministers' Conference; Rhode Island Baptist Also, petition of the National Wholesale Dry Goods Associa Institute; Calvary Baptist Church, of Providence; Washington tion, against passage of the Hardwick amendment to Federal Park Methodist Episcopal Church, of Providence; board of dt~ reserve act; to the Committee on Banking and Currency. rectors Providence Young Men's Christian Association; and E. R. Also, petition of National Builders'..Supply Association, rela Bullock, of Pawtucket, all in the State of Rhode Island, in favor tive to the construction interests of the country; to the Com of prohibition; to the Committee on the .Judiciary. mittee on Interstate and Foreign Commerce. By Mr. KIESS of Pennsylvania: Petition of sundry citizens Also, petition of Packard Motor Car Co., against 5 per cent of Ulysses, Hughesville, and Williamsport, Pa., favoring na~ tax on motor b·ucks; to the Committee on Ways and Means. tional prohibition; to the Committee on the .Judiciary. Also, memorial of National Consumers' League of New York By Mr. LONERGAN: Petition of sundry citizens of Kensing City,· favoring national prohibition; to the Committee on the ton, Conn., and vicinity, favoring national prohibition; to the .Judiciary. Committee on the .Judiciary. By Mr. DRUKKER: Petition of Rev. W. C. Brewer. and Also, petitions of Hartford Poster Advertising Co. and Hart others, of Paterson, N. ;r., favoring national prohibition; to the ford Times, Hartford, Conn., against increase in postal rates Committee on the .Judiciary. for second-class matter; to the ·Committee on Ways and Means. By l\Ir. FULLER of Illinois: Petition of Carson, Pirie, Scott By 1\fr. LUNDEEN: Resolution of Retail Grocers' Association & Co. and Chicago Association of Credit Men, against the Hard of Minneapolis, .T. S. Taylor, secretary, protesting against the wick amendment to the Federal reserve act ; to. the Committee proposed tax on coffee and tea, which excludes all retailers . on Banking and Currency. from tax on said articles, and favoring only the exclusion of re Also, petition of Motor Age,· of Chicago, Ill., against increase tailers ·carrying less than 2,000 pounds of coffee anli 1,000 of second-class postage and the zone system; to the Committee pounds of tea; to the Committee on Ways and Means .. on Ways and Means. Also, petition of Hon. A. G. .Johnson, publisher of Svenska By Mr. GALLIVAN: Petition of executive committee of the Folkets Tidning, in favor of income taxes upon those best able American Cotton Waste Exchange, against 10 per cent tax on to bear the burden; to the Committee on Ways and Means. all goods on free list; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Also, petition of Minnesota Retail .Jewelers' Association, R. H. By Mr. GRAHAM of Illinois: Petitions of sundry citizens of Winters, president; Minnesota Wholesale .Jewelers' Association, North Henderson and Milan, Ill., favoring prohibition as a C. 1\I. Thomsen, secretary; .T. B. Hudson & Sons ; White & Mac war measure; to the Committee on the .Judiciary. Naught; Munns & Pomerleau; R. G. Winter .Jewelry Co.; S. By Mr. KENI\TEDY of Rhode Island: ·Petitions of the Screw .Jacobs & Co.; Charles Olson; and F. L. Bosworth Co., all of 1\Iachine Products Corporation, Westcott, Slade & Balcolm Co., Minneapolis, Minn., urging consideration of brief and suggested &nd Charles E. Hancock Co., of Providence, R. I., protesting amendments to revenue bill presented by representatives ot against any increase in first-class postage; to the Committee jewelry industry to Finance Committee of the Senate; to the on the Post Office and Post Roads. Committee on Ways and Means. , Also, petitions of Woonsocket (R. I.) Typographical Union, Also, petition of Glenwood, Inglewood Co., Minneapolis Bot No. 245, opposing increased tax on publishing industry; Mrs. tling Co., .John Dureson, Quaker Bottling Co., .T. B. Bottling Co-., F. A . .Jackson, of Woonsocket, R. I.; Frederick Otis Clapp, .T. Elgin Bottling Co., Sanitary Bottling Co., National Beverage Bessie 1\f. Houghton, Warren C. Evans, Mrs. A. Duncan Chapin, ,Co., Hennepin Bottling Co., Holmes Bottling Co., Manhattan Mrs. 1\fary E. Hayward, Gilbert C. Carpenter, Dr. .John H. Bottling Co., Standard Bottling Co., Union Bottling Works Stearns, .T. C. Field, Edward C. Brown, Mrs. Charlotte C. Hull, Chippewa Springs Corporation, and Massolt Bottling Co., ali Matthew S. Dwyer, A. W. Harris Oil (){)., and .T. W. Aldred, all members of the Minneapolis Soda Water Bottlers' Association, of Providence, R. I.; and Georg~ W. Mason, George B. Austin, protesting against a stamp tax on bottle soda water and favor William H. Innes, and F. W. Putnam, of Newport, R.I., oppos ing tax on carbonic gas; to the Committee on Ways and Means. ing zone legislation for second-class mail matter; to the Com Also, petition of Northern Display Advertising Co., Minne mittee on the Post Office and Post Roads. apolis, Minn., protesting against proposed 5 per cent excess Also, petitions of Union Motor Car Co., Foss, Hughes Co., profits tax; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Howard Rice, Charles F. Thatcher, Walter Richards, Whitten Also, petition of Minneapolis Dry Goods Co., protesting against Motor Vehicle Co., Paige Motor Car Co., Wallace L. Wilcox, proposed retroactive tax and tariff tax and making certain Nelson Davis, Foster Smith Co., William Hughes, Packard propositions with respect to the excess profits corporation tax Motor Car Co., William Fuller, Vim Sales Co., L. B. Lorimer, and supertaxes; to the Committee on Ways and Means. Chevrolet Motor Sales Co., A . .T. Howard, B. F. and A. W. Hop Also, petition of W. L. Harris, chairman taxation committee kins, R. S. Longley, Pugh Bros. -co., Harold C. Crane, .John Minneapolis Retailers' Association, protesting against the levy O'Donnell, and Robert W. Powers, all of Providence, .in the State ing of the proposed excess profits tax on 1916 business and peti of Rhode Island, opposing 5 per cent tax on new automobiles; tioning that the tax apply only from .January 31, 1917 • to the to the Committee on Ways and Means. Committee on Ways and Means. ' Also, petitions of Old Colony Advertising Co.; Dodge, Cam Also, .petition of Minnesota Retail Druggists' Association, H. field & Co.; .T • .T. McGuire Co.; Hanley-Hoye Co.; Eddy Fisher Rauch, secretary, George Williams, president, protesting against Co. (Inc.); R. L. Rose Co.; McKenna Bros.; .Jacob Wirth & imposition of a stamp tax; to the Committee on Ways and Co.; George L. Claflin Co.; Livermore & Knight Co.; Rhode Means. Island Wholesale Liquor Dealers' Association; Brownell & Field Al o, petition of Minnesota State Pharmaceutical Association, Co. ; the Providence Lithograph Co. ; Providence Retail Drug E. L. Newcomb, secretary, protesting against proposed stamp tax gist Association; Pawtuxet Valley Druggists; W. S. Williams; on medicinal preparations; to the Committee on Ways and Pattern Makers' Association; Emery Theater; Amusement Means. Theater; and Strand Theater, all of Providence; Smith's Thea By Mr. 1\IAGEE (by request) : Petition of citizens of Cincin ter; Park Theater; and R. F. Linton, of Woonsocket; Home Dye natus and Onondaga Valley, N.Y., favoring national probtbition; & Bleach Works, Pawtucket; Newport Daily News, Newport, all to the Committee on the .Judiciary. ., in the State of Rhode Island; and the Murray Co., Boston 1\Iass., By 1\.lr. l\10TT: Petitions of citizens of Central Square, protesting various features of revenue bill; to the Committee Theresa, Constantia, Cleveland, Earlville, and Hamilton, N. Y., on 'Vays and Means. favoring national prohibition; to the Committee on the .Judi- Also, petition of Rhode Island Branch of National League for ciary. · Woman's Service, favoring prohibition in 5-mile zone of military By 1\.lr. NELSON: Petition of sundry citizens of Rewey, Wis., training camps ; to the Committee on the .Judiciary. favoring prohibition; to the Committee on the .Judiciary. Also, petitions of Farmers' Feed Co., New York, N. Y.; Also, petition of sundry citizens of Platteville, Wis., favoring Central Federated Union of New York, N. Y.; and New Eng prohibition; to the Committee on the .Judiciary. land Label Conference, Boston, 1\Iass., against prohibition ; to the By Mr. O'SHAUl\"'ESSY: Memorial of Independent Odd Fel Committee on the Judiciary. lows of Providence, R. I., favoring national prohibition as a Also, petitions of Rev. William J". Smith and others of Bridge war measure; to the Committee on the .Judiciary. ton; Providence (R. I.) Epworth League Union; C. A. I[ollett, By 1\lr. PRICE : Memorial of citizens of Galena and Denton, of Lonsdale; Newport (R. I.) Medical Society; Union Grange Md., and Brown Memorial Presbyterian Church against liquor of North Smithfield; Rhode Island Work Committee; George manufacturing, etc.; to the Committee on the . .Judiciary. 1917~ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN ATE. 2821 Also, memorial of Automobile Club of Kent County, 1\Id., ply by closing distilleries and breweries; to the Committee on pledging loyalty and support in the war ; to the Committee on the Judiciary. Military Affairs. Also, petition of G. Walter Williams and 11 others and H. H. . By 1\lr. RAINEY: Petition of Rev. Royal W. Ennis arid 86 Paine and 3 others, residents of New Bedford, Mass., favoring other citizens of Mason City, lll., favoring national prohibition; national prohibition as a war measure; to the Committee on to the Committee on the Judiciary. _ the Judiciary. By l\Ir. ROWLAND: Petition of sundry citizens of Port Aile· Also, petition of Rel". W. T. Johnson, pastor, Methodist Epis· gany, Pa., and vicinity, favoring prohibition as a war measure; copal Church of Provincetown, Mass., and others, protesting to the Committee on Agriculture. against destruction of grain by distilleries and b~eweries ; to By 1\fr. SCHALL: Petition of Rev. Joseph Heard and sundry the Committee on the Judiciary. citizens of Howard Lake, 1\Iinn., favoring· prohibition as a war Also, petition of Franklin N. Woodward and 30 other resi measure; to the Committee on the Judiciary. dents of Middleboro, 1\Iass., urging that distilleries and brew By Mr. SCULLY: Petition of Rev. J. B. J. Rhodes, pastor eries be closed by legislati\e enactment as a war measure; to of Simpson Methodist Episcopal Church, and 22 others, of Long the Committee on the Judiciary. Branch, N. J., favoring prohibition as a food and health con· Also, petition of Rev. Clifton E. Chase, of New Bedford, Mass., ser,ation measure