Physical Education Department

3º ESO - PE Workbook - IES Joan Miró – Physical Education Department HANDBALL A bit of history Games similar to modern team handball have historically been played in many different cultures around the world. We know that the ancient Greeks and Romans played a type of handball, and handball was also played by the Inuit in Greenland and the French in Europe as early as the Middle Ages. Team handball as we know it today developed in northern Europe by the end of the 1800s. It was especially popular in Sweden and Norway. Handball was first played with 11 players on each team, like football, although the game is played with the hands instead of the feet. The two sports shared the same playing field and even the ball was the same. In 1938, handball became a game where two teams of seven players competed on a 40 x 20 m court. Modern handball is usually played indoors, but outdoor variants exist in the forms of field handball and beach handball (also called sandball). CHARACTERISTICS Objective To put the ball in the goal of the opposing team. The team that scores the most goals wins. Playing area The dimensions of a handball court are 40 x 20 m. Duration Two 30 minute halves, with a 10 minute break at half-time. Players The team has 12 members: 7 players (6 field players and a goalkeeper) and 5 reserves. Substitution of players can be done in any number and at any time during game play. Ball Different size and weight balls are used for men, women, beginners, children, youth and junior categories. Referees A Handball match is led by two referees. One court referee and one goal line referee. 1 3º ESO - PE Workbook - IES Joan Miró – Physical Education Department HOW TO PLAY Handball is played on a court 40 meters long by 20 meters wide (40 m x 20 m), with a goal in the center of each end. The goals are surrounded by a near-semicircular area, called “goal area” defined by a line six meters from the goal. No attacking or defending players are allowed to touch the floor of the goal area, only the defending goalkeeper is allowed inside this perimeter. However, the field players may catch and touch the ball in the air within the goal-area, as long as the player starts his jump outside the area and releases the ball before he lands. Passing to your own goalkeeper results in a turnover. A dashed near-semicircular line 9 meters from the goal marks the “free-throw” line. Field players are allowed to touch the ball with any part of their bodies above the knee (knee included). The ball can be thrown, hit, bounced and caught with one or two hands. A player who is in possession of the ball may stand stationary for only 3 seconds and may only take three steps. They must then shoot, pass or dribble the ball. The game is quite fast and includes body contact, as the defenders try to stop the attackers from approaching the goal. Contact is allowed only when the defensive player is completely in front of the offensive player. Any contact from the side or especially from behind is considered dangerous and is usually met with penalties. Unlike in basketball, where players are allowed to commit only 5 fouls in a game, handball players are allowed an unlimited number of faults. 2 3º ESO - PE Workbook - IES Joan Miró – Physical Education Department Fouls The most common fouls are travelling, double dribbling, entering the goal area, touching the ball below the knees, sending the ball outside the field of play, pushing or holding an opposing player and passive play and fouls resulting in penalty throws. Double dribbling The ball is dribbled using one hand, moving the wrist vertically downwards. Once the ball has been dribbled and caught, it cannot be dribbled again. It must either be passed to a team-mate or shot on goal. It is penalized with a free throw. Travelling A foul committed by a player who takes more than three steps without bouncing the ball. It is penalized with a free throw. Touching the ball The ball cannot be hit or touched with the foot, although it below the knees is not considered a foul when an opposing player throws the ball at a player's leg or if it is an involuntary action. Sending the ball When a player sends the ball outside the field of play, it is the other outside the field of team that puts it back into play with a throw-in from the sideline or play corner of the court or a goalkeeper-throw, depending on where the ball went out. Pushing or holding Players are only allowed to steal the ball from an opponent an opposing player with the palm of their open hand and block the path of other players with the torso, even if they are not in possession of the ball. Entering the goal Only the goalkeeper can enter the area between the goal and area the six-meter line, although it is possible to jump above it and release the ball before returning to the ground. Passive play If the team in possession of the ball does not play as if attempting to score a goal, the referees will penalize this team for unsportsmanlike conduct. Penalty When the team on defense commits a foul inside the area or for illegally preventing a clear scoring opportunity, even when outside the goal area. 3 3º ESO - PE Workbook - IES Joan Miró – Physical Education Department Awarded throws Free-throw Throw in A throw made by a player to put the When the ball crosses the side-line, ball back into play when the opposing the team which did not touch the ball team has committed a foul (double last makes a throw-in. It has to be dribbling, travelling, pushing, passive taken standing on the line, from the play…). The ball is thrown from the same place where the ball went out. place where the foul was committed. If the foul takes place between the free-throw line and the goal-area line, the throw is done on the free-throw line Defensive players have to position themselves at least 3 m. from the ball. Goalkeeper-throw When the attacking team throws the ball over the end-line or when the goalkeeper deflects the ball over the end-line. The goalkeeper takes the throw from inside Penalty throws or 7 meter throw the goal area. It is awarded when the defending team makes a foul when the attacking Comer throw-in team has a clear chance to score. When the ball is sent out over the end- It is taken from the penalty line (7 m). line by a player from the defending The goalkeeper can take up a position team, except the goalkeeper. It is taken between the goal line and the four- from the corner of the court closest to meter restraining line. where the ball left the court, with one All other players must remain behind or both feet on the sideline. the free-throw line until execution. Throw-off It takes place from the center of the court. The thrower must touch the center-line with one foot and all of the other players must be in the half of their team. The defending players must keep a distance of at least three meters to the thrower. A throw-off occurs at the beginning of each period and after the opposing team scores a goal. 4 3º ESO - PE Workbook - IES Joan Miró – Physical Education Department Disciplinary sanctions Warning A warning for unsportsmanlike conduct. A yellow card is given to a player who has broken the rules. Two minutes without playing for unsportsmanlike conduct or for receiving two Suspension warnings. The player cannot return to the game due to seriously unsportsmanlike conduct or for receiving three suspensions. A red car is given to the player. The team may send in a substitute for the player after two minutes. Disqualification If there has been a very serious violation of the rules, the referee will punish the player directly with a red card and exclude him or her from the game. The reduction on the court will, however, last for 4 minutes. Players The team has twelve members: seven players (six field players and a goalkeeper) and five reserves. Each field player has a specific position: Goalkeeper: The player who defends the goal. He must wear a shirt of a different colour from the rest of the players. Only the goalkeeper is allowed to move within the goal-area, although he may not cross the goal area line while carrying or dribbling the ball. Within the goal-area, he is allowed to touch the ball with all parts of his body including his feet. The goalkeeper may also play outside the goal area, but then he has to abide by the same rules as any other player on the court. Wings (right and left): the players whose activity is concentrated near the sidelines. Their main characteristics are speed and their ability to throw from difficult positions. Backcourt (right and left) players: they are good in high and powerful throws. Pivot or circle runner: plays in the center of the attack, with his or her back to the goal. This is a strong player who fights against the defense to try to open spaces for his or her teammates. Center: this player organizes the team's attack.

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