Regional Health Data Handbook

Northland

PROFILE AND INFORMATION SOURCES NORTHLAND HEALTH SERVICES INVENTORY PREPARED BY: PREPARED BY: Janet Hickling, Northland Health Services Management Services and Advisory Unit, Research Unit, P.O. Box 1491, Department of Health, Whangarei. P.O. Box 5013, Wellington. NORTHLAND REGIONAL HEALTH DATA HANDBOOK

CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

• Health Planning • Development of the Handbook • Structure, Preparation and Use of the Handbook

PROFILE

SECTION 1 REGIONAL DESCRIPTION

SECTION 2 POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS • Population Distribution and Growth • Population Structure and Projections • Births • Deaths • Migration and Mobility

SECTION 3 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS • Lifecycle/Lifestyle • Education • Employment • Income • Offences Against the Law • Housing • Transport

SECTION 4 HEALTH STATUS

Mortality • Mortality rates and numbers • Cause of death • Infant mortality

Hospitalisation

Other Health Status Indicators • Community Health and Disability • Dental Health • Notifiable diseases • Immune status • Child Health Screening • Child Vision/Hearing defects

SECTION 5 HEALTH RISKS

Lifestyle • Accidents • Abuse of alcohol • Cigarett smoking Environment • Environmental Services and Quality • Industrial and Occupational Health

INVENTORY

SECTION 6 INVENTORY OF NORTHLAND HEALTH SERVICES 1981

Department of Health Hospitals Northland Hospital Board Other Statutory Authorities Private Agencies Voluntary Organisations Health Promotion in Northland Index of Organisations and Workers by Type of Service

INFORMATION SOURCES

SECTION 7 INFORMATION SOURCES

General Catalogues and Indexes Section 1 Regional Description Section 2 Population Characteristics and Trends Section 3 Social and Economic Characteristics Section 4 Health Status Section 5 Health Risks Appendices ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

In the process of assembling data for the profile I have received assistance from many people within the Department of Health and other government departments and organisations.

In particular I would like to acknowledge the help of: o Judith Davey of Urban Research Associates, for her help in compiling the synopsis of contents for the profile and for providing guidance in the early stages of the project.

0 The staff of the Northland and Wellington Health Services Advisory Units, the Office and the Northland Hospital Board as well as other health professionals and administrators in various parts of New Zealand, whose helpful advice and criticism we have tried to incorporate into the publication. o The staff of the National Health Statistics Centre for their assistance and co-operation in providing so much of the health status and health risk data. o The many government departments and organisations who provided information, in particular, the Departments of Statistics, Social Welfare, Labour, Education, Police, Justice and Ministry of Works and Development as well as The Alcoholic Liquor Advisory Council and the Accident Compensation Corporation. o Brian Dobbie and Carol Ratnam of Review and Development Section for their assistance and support during various stages of the project. o Jennifer Wood, Gillian Linney and Lau Kalapu for their willingness and co-operation in typing the many tables.

Janet Hickling INTRODUCTION

HEALTH PLANNING

The post-war decades of general prosperity in New Zealand coincided with rapid growth in medical technology and an era of social security medicine. That particular coincidence is now over. Because of the long lead time between authorisation and production some of the effects of decisions made during that time are only now becoming apparent. This applies both in the field of health manpower and major hospital works.

It is hardly surprising that the past decade has seen a significant emphasis placed on the need to plan for health and to plan for the services needed to promote, protect and preserve health.

The two moves, first towards reorganisation of health services administration and second improved allocation of resources have emphasised the need for suitable planning structures and processes at national, regional or local levels as well as along services lines. Good information is the cornerstone of good planning.

Planning in the health services is inevitably complex but if it is to be effective, all the following areas of planning need to be harmonised and integrated. Resource planning with health service planning; service planning with plans to improve community health status; health planning with the wider social and economic planning. In short:

"If planning for health is to be comprehensive, all aspects of health problems, all health aspects of social problems, and all services directed to the prevention or amelioration of these problems must be at least considered." (1 p.291)

A commitment to health planning means a commitment to a wide view of health and the four major influences which determine health.

The first influence is the environment, which includes the physical, the educational, the economic, and the social. The second is the sum of personal habits and health behaviour. This covers such things as smoking, drinking and driving habits as well as the way people avail themselves of health services. Genetic heritage is the third factor. This had commonly been considered impervious to intervention until the development of recent preventive programmes such as early diagnostic evaluation and genetic counselling. The fourth factor determining health is the range, quality and availability of the health services.

This last is the traditional practice field for health professionals. However, health services can come too little and too late in trying to overcome the effects of deficiencies which show themselves as excessive or premature morbidity, disability and death.

"Planning for health cannot be described as comprehensive if it is directed solely to health services or even to traditional health concerns." (1 p.290) -2-

The comprehensive and general approach is necessary if the planning of health services is to be set in some conceptual framework and meaning given to the interrelationships which were described earlier. This needs to be clearly visible at the various stages of the planning process:

o reviewing the health problems and health status of the population;

o reviewing the availability, range and distribution of health services; -

o developing specific and time related community health and health service performance objectives and priorities, and identifying ways of attaining them;

o implementation; and

o developing procedures for the periodic review of the plan.

It is in response to the-first two steps in this planning process that this handbook has been developed.

The profile of a region is analysed with regard to population characteristics, health status and health problems. When this is assessed alongside the health services already provided and the funds allocated, it is hoped that a range of responsive and imaginative alternatives can be proposed and assessed and the most appropriate decisions made.

DEVELOPMENT OF THE HANDBOOK

This handbook has several origins. Firstly, it derives from information developed for planning purposes in and for Northland itself. This includes various inventories of health services dating from 1976 on., The handbook, however, is more extensive than that because the profile sections also draw upon the broad categories of information included in Dr T Johnstones "Health Status Profile of Northland and Suggestions for Future Studies by Service Development Groups" (1978). Secondly, the handbook stems from the inventories of health services which have been prepared in several district health offices. Thirdly, it originates from requests for assistance in providing a suitable health service contribution to regional planning schemes under the Town and Country Planning Act 1977. The handbook is a practical sequel to the Regional Health Planning Guidelines Circular Memorandum No 1981/81, Circular Letter Hosps. No 1981/80 which were sent to all hospital boards and district health offices in 1981. It is intended to help meet the need for a general information base which can be developed appropriately by service development groups.

The handbook is an important but first attempt at providing a general information base for health planning at a regional level. It should be regarded as a working draft subject to modification when actually -3- used in the day to day and long term planning of the health services. It is also expected that information requirements will vary slightly in different parts of the country and that this general data base may need to be adapted to suit these varying needs. Reaction to this handbook will be welcomed and closely monitored.

The first handbook has been developed for Northland because of its selection as a pilot scheme for administrative reorganisation. The interest in the handbook project however has been so great that the production of a guide to preparing a handbook will be undertaken shortly and will be widely distributed by the Department in the form of technical planning guidelines. The preparation of handbooks to suit the requirements of any health district, hospital district or local government region could follow the general format being developed as it will not be specific to any area.

Given the degree of interest already in different parts of the country in undertaking such an exercise, it would be appreciated if a copy of other handbooks could be sent to the author: J E Hickling, M.S.R.U., Department of Health, P 0 Box 5013, Wellington. The reaction to this present book plus the opportunity to review other regional handbooks will enable us to move towards the development of an optimum data base.

STRUCTURE, PREPARATION AND USE OF THE HANDBOOK

The handbook is presented in loose leaf form to facilitate the easy addition or removal of material. This is important because to remain useful, information in the handbook needs to be regularly updated. The frequency with which this is done will vary between data sets both due to the availability and relevance of the data. Some of the data are only available from the five-yearly census while other data are collected continuously with much being released on an annual basis. Current information should be available through the sources stated.

The handbook consists of three parts - the profile, the inventory and a iection on information sources.

(1) PROFILE: (Sections 1,2,3,4,5) The main purpose of the profile is to provide a statistical overview of the demographic, social and economic characteristics, and health status and problems of the people of Northland using information routinely collected along with national figures for comparative purposes. At the beginning of each section comments are made on the reasons for selecting data for inclusion and how this information may relate to health planning.

It is in no way intended to be a definitive overview. It is not meant to preclude the collection of further information and more detailed analysis of problems by health agencies or service development groups. Nor does it imply that all the information presented will be necessary everywhere. -4-

While all tables have some relevance to general health planning, some will seem to be more directly relevant than others. The relevance of particular tables may vary according to whether or not the particular planning exercise is general, service-specific or problem centred. However to facilitate the use of such a volume of data, tables have been ranked as having high, medium or low relevance. This ranking, is indicated in the list of tables and figures at the beginning of each section by a series of asterisks as follows:

high relevance medium relevance low relevance

Such a ranking will also be useful for other agencies or groups who may chose to assemble their own handbook using the Northland book as a model. It is suggested that the tables marked high be prepared first and then those marked medium and finally low, as resources or need dictate.

Pertinent and useful information from local surveys and studies, key informants in the community, and the view of the community itself in assessing their needs, has not been included. It is hoped that such information will be referred to as necessary to supplement that provided in the handbook.

It is also hpped that users of the profile will become more aware of the wide variety of health related statistics which are available in New Zealand.

Much of the data presented was not in easily accessible published form and required application to many government departments and agencies. This applies particularly to data at the Northland regional level.

In some cases it was not possible to obtain information in the form that would have been desirable, for example, information on diet and exercise. In other cases such as morbidity, data is very restricted. Most illness in the community does not reach the hospital yet data on hospital use from the Admission and Discharge System is the only really comprehensive data provided. It would be valuable to obtain data on Accident and Emergency and Outpatient services, use of general practitioners, absenteeism etc, but unfortunately, except for localised or specific studies, this is not readily available. Even when suitable data were available, problems were encountered arising from the way material has been collected and presented and through time-lags between the collection of data and its compilation. Another common problem was establishing the area basis for data-collection and obtaining information which coincided as closely as possible with the region as defined. In the case of Northland, there is a fair coincidence of boundaries but even here variation exists. Administrative boundaries in New Zealand frequently do not coincide as users of the handbook will appreciate when attempting comparisons between data sets. 5

The territorial scope by which the data is presented varies according to the type of data and the way it is collected. It can be at a regional, territorial local authority or census area unit level. In many cases territorial local authorities have been used as these are recognised as important basic units for planning. However, data may be required on a much smaller area basis than that provided. This will need to be requested from the source stated. In some cases such as with the Department of Statistics, a charge will be made for this service. The planning of localised community services is an example of where a wide range of small area information would be useful.

Although it is desirable in many cases to use time series to examine trends of change, this may raise problems of comparability. Boundary changes, differing ranges of inclusion and exclusion, different methods of recording:, for example, a changeover to a computer based recording system, all combine to obscure actual changes on the ground. Marked variations over time should be checked for such anomalies.

It was only in the final stages of assembling the profile that data from the 1981 census started to become available and therefore only a very limited amount of basic population data from this census has been included. However, now that the 1981 Census of Population and Dwellings Regional Bulletin Series has been published, data from, that source can be added and compared with the 1.976 statistics presented here. Likewise other more recent data (eg mortality and hospitalisation) may be available by the time the handbook is released and this can be added and eventually replace the tables already in the handbook.

Direct comparison of regional figures to national data or between regions may present some difficulties. With health data this can perhaps be illustrated by variation in reporting practices of notifiable diseases between health districts. With social data this can be illustrated with reference to police statistics whereby the number of offences reported may be influenced by variations associated with the reporting of offences rather than their rate of occurrence.

Because of the anomalies mentioned associated with differing boundaries, time series and regional variations, some of the tables are accompanied by qualifications and explanations.

Initially it was decided that the data should be presented as numbers rather than rates. We believed that this would enable users to manipulate the figures in the way most useful to them. However, in some cases where rates are the usual means of analysing the data these are provided. Difficulties, however, arise when converting small numbers to rates and this occurs with some of the regional data. In order for rates to be validly compared., the numbers need to be of a significant magnitude. When this has not been possible to achieve with figures for one year, data for up to five years has been added together to give an average annual rate. Thus. the Northland average annual mortality rate 1974-1978 is compared with the New Zealand rate for one year, 1978. The two time periods are not completely compatible but should still be adequate. 6

When requesting unpiublished data from the National Health Statistics Centre (NHSC), Department of Statistics or other government departments or agencies, either to update information or to reproduce the same table for some other part of the country, it is suggested that a copy of the table presented here accompany the request along with precise details of the alterations required. If requesting completely new data try to be as precise as possible in all aspects of the request.

Although it is realised that data further to that presented will be required at times, it will ease the workload of NHSC considerably if, when possible, further unpublished health status and health risk data for example, the mortality and hospitalisation tables, are requested in the same format as that presented here. This will involve NHSC only changing the time code for Northland, or the area and/or time code for other regions on their computer programme. A certain amount. of standardisation will enable comparisons to be made not only over time but between districts as well.

The rapid changes occurring in the computer field are increasingly affecting information, storage and retrieval systems. This means that in the fugure extracting and manipulating data for inclusion in a data- base may become a more simplified and less tedious task available to a much wider spectrum of the community.

(2) INVENTORY: (Section 6) This is an inventory of all Northland Health Services, in 1981. It covers services, facilities, personnel and expenditure operating in the public, private and voluntary sectors. An Index of Organisations and Workers by type of service is also provided.

(3) INFORMATION SOURCES: (Section 7) This is a, summary of all information sources referred to in the process of assembling data for the profile. The sources have been classified as published or unpublished and information on such things as frequency of publication, a description of the publication or data and where the publication or data may be obtained are included.

Abbreviations used:

S.A. Statistical Area Co County P Township Comm Community vic vicinity bc locality

Reference:

1. BLUM, Henrik L., and SULLY, Eleanor Kunitz. - What is comprehensive planning for health?, in Health care and administration : a managerial perspective / edited by Samuel Levey andN Paul Loomba Philadelphia : Lippincott, 1973. p 289-308. SECTION 1, REGIONAL DESCRIPTION

INTRODUCTION

This section provides background information on the region. It identifies the boundaries of the region, physical, social and economic characteristics as well as issues and problems which may affect present and future development.

Many of the characteristics both directly and indirectly can have an impact on health and health services. The topography influencing transport, the subtropical climate possibly influencing a more rapid spread of infectious disease, the extensive coastline and warm climate increasing the risks of swimming and boating accidents. The attitude of the people and planners to development programmes has obvious implications for population growth and structure and thus the provision of health services. 1/2

TABLES AND FIGURES

Map 1.1 Northland - General

Notes: Definition of the Reion

Notes: Physical Geography

Notes: Social and Economic Aspects -2-

Northland soils are generally strongly leached, mahere, heavy clays with thin topsoils and low subsoil fertility. The main exceptions are soils derived from relatively recent volcanic eruptions, frdm recent stream and river deposits and those on unstable slopes.

Social and Economic Aspects

Northlanders state of mind and attitude is different from the rest of the country - the slow pace is a way of life. Northland is an area that many of its residents feel is not receiving its fair share of national resources. It is out of the mainstream of the country, far-away from the decision making centre, low in population and underdeveloped in terms of basic services, roads and communications.

In several parts of Northland personal incomes are considerably P below the national average. Some areas have high rates of unemployment and a. low proportion of people with tertiary education. Northland is also an area where a comparatively high proportion of people describe themselves as New Zealand Maori.

One of main concerns of Northianders over past years was the drift of people away from the regions rural areas and their fear that the continued welfare ofthe rural community was at stake.

This appears to have changed somewhat in the intervening years as the provisional results of the 1981 census show. The total population of Northland Statistical Area shows a 6.9% increase in the period 1976-1981 in comparison with the national change of 1.2% increase. This increase although most evident in the eastern coastal towns, is nevertheless spread throughout the region.

The reason for this may be the attractiveness of the area along with the less hurried way of life and the call of the sun, a trend experienced by several other similar areas in the 1976-1981 period. Another concern also voiced by Northlanders in the past, the high number of unemployed, remains a problem.

Of major importance in the future planning of Northland is a balanced expansion of agriculture and forestry and the processing of their products along with the expansion of other major industrial programmes such as the Marsden Point refinery. Tourism is an important industry at present with a large influx of people during the summer season. There is also a tremendous potential for future expansion. However within the region feelings differ as to what form this expansion should take, be it high rise hotel complexes or smaller scale developments such as motor camps and walkways.

It is also recognised that transport facilities are inadequate and if economic expansion is sought, especially where it concerns products of the land, an improvement in transport will be needed. -3-

The proximity of has a considerable influence on the aspirations and expectations of the southern communities of the region. Auckland provides a market for all forms of horticulture and viticulture and is the source of people seeking recreation opportunities. In the opposite direction there has been an attraction to Auckland of young Northlanders seeking employment and the experience of city life.

C

C Population Characteristics and Trends MAP 1.1: NORTHLAND -GENERAL NORTHLAND - REGIONAL DESCRIPTION

Definition of the region

Northland is an easily identifiable region because of its position as a peninsula. Variations in administrative and statistical boundaries of the region do exist but these are very slight..

The as used in this handbook is generally based on the area covered by Northland Hospital Board and Whangarei Health District where health data is concerned and the Northland Statistical Area where census data is used. Within these areas, territorial local authorities are often used as a further areal breakdown.

The Northland Hospital Board, Whangarei Health District and Northland United Council all have the same boundaries and include the total geographic counties ofMangonui, Whangaroa, Hokianga, Bay of Islands, Whangarei, Hobson and Otamatea comprising an area of 12,599 square kilometres in 1981. At the census 1981 (final figures) the total population of this area was 114,349 which includes 355 people on shipboard and extra-county islands. The Statistical Area differs slightly from the region described above in that it does not follow in full the southern boundary of Otamatea County. At the census 1981 (final figures) the total population of Northland Statistical Area was 114,295 (i.e. 54 less than the Hospital Board area etc) which also includes 355 people on shipboard and extra-county islands.

The Statistical Area totals in the handbook are based on the actual boundaries of the Area and for this reason, the individual local authority totals do not always sum to the Statistical Area totals. Where other administrative districts (e.g. Department of Social Welfare) are referred to, reference will be made to their comparability with the region as defined above. Physical geography

The most distinctive feature of Northland is its extensive coastline with no part of the region more than 40 km from the sea. The typical inland landscape is one of low rolling hill country, in many places interrupted and broken by innumerable rivers, inlets and harbours.

The proximity of the sea, combined with the sub-tropical latitude, results in a climate characterised by warm, humid summers, relatively mild winters and a plentiful rainfall. The prevailing wind in most parts of the region is from the south-west. The region is subject to high intensity rains and, as many of the rivers and streams have flat gradients, flood rises can be spectacular and flood damage serious. Although other districts experience higher temperatures Northland has the highest mean annual temperatures in New Zealand.

SECTION 2. POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS

INTRODUCTION

Analysis of population data is an essential part of health care planning. Effective planning requires-a clear understanding of the present population distribution, age and sex structure, ethnic composition, as well as projections of the situation in the future.

The pattern of. settlement and density of population, whether concentrated in urban areas or widely dispersed, will influence the nature of health services required and accessibility to them. People. living in urban and rural areas may also be exposed to different health risks.

The age , and sex structure of the population has important implications for health and health service planning as well as social and economic development.

The age composition of a community affects the need, provision and P utilisation of medical care. The number of children, young adults and old people has important consequences for the health services as each group makes quite different demands.

Men and women also make different demands. There are the obvious differences such as-the need for maternity care and the incidence of gynaecological and obstetrical disorders but along with these is the fact that women live longer than men and that men and women are predisposed towards different diseases and health risks. For example, men and women are more susceptible to different cancers, men are more accident prone, and in the case of mental , disorders, women are more likely to be admitted to hospital for neuroses whereas men are more frequently admitted for alcoholism.

In planning health services it is important to take account of the expected changes in. size and composition of the population.

Population change, accompanies by projections, can identify settlements or areas which. may warrant expansion or contraction of health services. Regionally, projections should take into account not only natural increase and mobility, but-also development and redevelopment programmes which will be responsible for a large influx of people or conversely the redundancy of personnel and possible outward flow of people through such things as the closure of factories and mechanisation.

On a local level for example, the building of a large industrial plant in a community would change local social and economic conditions; it might cause a large influx of young families, thus requiring day care, more schools, paediatricians, obstetricians as well as having implications for the provision of occupational health services. On the other hand, the establishment of a housing development for the elderly may also markedly affect the demographic composition and social needs of the community and require special home visiting prgrammes to provide health care, transportation and social services. 2/2

Planning health services also requires that the ethnic composition of the population be adequately represented in the planning process. The ethnic group to which a person belongs influences health status and the use of health services, through variation in customs, habits, attitudes and beliefs. 1 However reference should be made to the comments on ethnicity within this section.

Birth and death data is basic in calculating natural population increase or decrease. The number of births and the fertility rate are also vital in planning maternity and child care services.

Generally the mobile population tend to be young and often single although a change in residence sometimes accompanies retirement. Besides the influence mobility has on the total size and structure of the population, there are indications that a mobile population can be under greater social and psychological stress, unfamiliar with services in the area they reside and without a network of family and friends to support them. This can be particularly so in the case of overseas immigrants who may also be handicapped by limited knowledge of the language.

Whereas we are able to obtain information on change of residence every five years from the census, it is more difficult to find accurate information on mobility within a year. Such information is important in resort areas which experience a large influx of people during the holiday period,putting extra pressure on water and sewerage facilities as well as primary health care services. A similar situation occurs in areas experiencing a high proportion of seasonal work.

Besides providing basic population information for planning, data in this and the following section can be used as base-line or denominator data for other information in the handbook or in the calculation of survey samples and other research.

Reference:

1. Information on differences between Maori and non-Maori health - status Is available in,POMARE, E.W. - Maori standard of health : a study of the 20 year period 1955-75; A report prepared for C the Medical Research Council of New Zealand. - Wellington?, The Medical Research Council. - (Special report series Medical Research Council of New Zealand ; no. 7). -

2/3

TABLES AND FIGURES

-Population Distribution and Growth - - Table 2.1 : Northland, amalgamations of census area units. Table 2.2 : Northland population distribution and growth, years 1971 and 1976. Map 2.1a : Northland S.A., change in total population of counties, city and towns between 1971-1976. Map 2.2a : Whangarei City, change in total population of urban subdivisions between 1971-1976. - Table 2.3 : Northland population distribution and growth, years 1976 and 1981 (final figures). Map 2.1b : Northland S.A., change in total population of counties, city and. towns between 1976-1981. - Map 2.2b : Whangarei City, change in total population of urban subdivisions between 1976-1981. Table 2.4 : Northland, population of townships and localities in each county. Population Structure and Projections - Figure 2.1a : Northland/New Zealand population pyramids, year 1966. Figure 2.1b Northland/New Zealand population pyramids, year 1976. Figure 2.1c Northland/New Zealand population pyramids, year 1986. Population pyramids, sources of information. Table 2.5 : Northland, age structure by sex for rural local authorities and urban subdivisions as at 31 March 1976. Notes Population projections. Table 2.6a : Northland S.A., projected total population by local authority by age and sex at 31 March 1981, medium fertility and medium migration, Table 2.6b : Northland S.A., projected total population by local authority by age and sex at 31 March 1986, medium fertility and medium migration. Table 2.7 : Northland Hospital Board projected total population by age and sex at 31 March, 1976-2001, medium fertility and medium migration. Reference : Northland, major construction projects and duration of projects planned for the decade 1981-1990. Table 2.8 : Northland, place of birth by local authority, year 1976. Notes : The collection of statistical information by ethnicity. Figure 2.2 : Northland S.A., population classified according to ethnic origin, year 1976. Figure 2.3 : Total New Zealand population classified according to ethnic origin, year 1976. Table 2.9 : Northland, ethnic groups by local authority, year 1976. 2/4

Births Table 2.10 live births : residence of mother by local authorities, total population and Maori population, years 1971, 1976, 1978. TaJle 2.11 Northland, crude birth rate, standardised fertility rate by local authority, years 1971, 1976, 1978. Reference Northland, ex-nuptial births. Deaths Tab1eTable 2.12 : Northland, deaths : domicile of deceased by local authorities, total population and Maori population, years 1971, 1976, 1978. Table 2.13 : Northland, crude death rate by local authority, years 1971, 1976, 1978. Migration and Mobility TJ;1e 2.14 Persons aged five years and over classified by usual residence on census night 1976 within statistical areas, and by usual residence five years prior to census, by sex. II Table 2.15 : Persons usually resident in New Zealand on census night 1976 within statistical areas, classified by age groups and usual residence five years prior to census, by sex.

1. TABLE 2.1: NORTHLAND, AMALGAMATIONS OF CENSUS AREA UNITS

WHANGAREI URBAN SUBDIVISIONS 1976 POPULATION

Outer City North East - Tikipunga, 6629

Outer City North West - Kamo, 7185

Inner City North - City, Mairtown, Kensington Regent, Western Hills 5554

Inner City South West - Vinetown, Woodhill 3065

Outer City South - Otaika, Morningside, Port - Limeburners 3708

Outer City South West - Maunu, Hora Hora, Raumanga Heights 3156 I Eastern River - Riverside, Parahaki, Sherwood, Onerahi 5684

Peripheral City - Whangarei County (part) 4088

(Refer Map 2.2a, Whangarei City, Change in Total Population of Urban Subdivisions between 1971 - 1976)

RURAL SUBDIVISIONS

Man gonui County 7734

Kaitaia Borough 4243

Whangaroa County 2068 I Hokianga County 4351 Coastal towns of Bay of Islands - , Haruru Falls, Kerikeri, Russell 3945

Remainder of Bay of Islands County 12678

Kaikohe Borough 3567

Whangarei County (part) 12929

Hobson County 5357

Dargaville Borough 4559

Otama tea County 6243

(Refer Map 1.1, Northland - General) FIGURE 211A NORTHLAND/NEW ZEALAND POPULATION PYRAMIDS YEAR 1966

80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 p 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4

11/o An each age group 010 in each age group

80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 1 LJ 4 0/0 in each age group °Io in each age group FIGURE 2.1B NORTHLAND/NEW ZEALAND POPULATION PYRAMIDS YEAR 1976 8 iJ + 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 14 12 10 2 0 4 0 (0 in each age group 0/0 in each age group

80-1- 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 55-59 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 2C -24 15-19 1C--14 5-9 0-4 14 1210 64 Q 14 b b IL) i; i4 in each age group 0/0 in each age group MAP 2dB: NORTHLAND S.A. CHANGE IN TOTAL POPULATION OF COUNTIES CITY AND TOWNS BETWEEN 1976-1981

ABOVE average increase L•1 (more than 11.7%) AVERAGE increase 0 (1.7% to 11.7%) BELOW average increase (less than 1.7%)

Based on the Northland S.A. average increase of 6.7% (New Zealand average increase 1.2%)

MANGONUI Kaitaia WHANGAROA

Kerikeri Russell HOKIANGA Pahia / BAY OF ISLANDS 10 Kawakawa) Kaikohe Iw• I I p Hikurangi COUNTY BOUNDARIES ------0 WHANGAREI angarei

HORSON

OTowns,include CIII thQse with a population over 500 in 1981 I////LT5 Their population change has been separated from that of the V/il/IlL /77/A county in which they lies Te Kopuru

SCALE Ru 0 25 kiloqietrab turoto SOURCE: NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1981, PROVISIONAL STATISTICS SERIES, BULLETIN 1 LOCAL AUTHORITY AREAS. MAP 2.2B: WHANGAREI CITY CHANGE IN TOTAL POPULATION OF URBAN SUBDIVISIONS BETWEEN 1976-1981

URBAN SUBDIVISIONS WHANGAREI CITY 1. Kamo 2. Tikipunga 3. Whau Valley 2 4. Otangarei 5. Mairtown 6. Kensington 7. Western Hills 8. Regent 3 9. Vinetown Avenues 10. City 11. Maunu 12. Horcihora 13. WoodhII 5 14. Otaika 6 15. Morningside 16. Raumanga Heights 17. Riverside 7 18. Parahaki 19 Limeburners 20 Port 21 Sherwood Rise 22 Onerahi

10

13

1

ABOVE overage increase (more than 8.6%)

SCALE 1:50000 AVERAGE increase (-1.4% to 8.6%)

2 I iuIomtres BELOW averaqe increase (less than -1.4%) Based on the Whangcirei City average increase of 3.6% SOURCE: NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1981, PROVISIONAL STATISTICS SERIES, BULLETIN 1 LOCAL AUTHORITY AREAS. FIGURE 2,1c NORTHLAND/NEW ZEALAND POPULATION PYRAMIDS YEAR 1986

80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 60-64 5-:.--; - 1. 50-54 45-49 40-44 35-39 30-34 2529 I 20-24 15-19 10-14 5- 9 0-4 1 ri each age group 0/0 in each age group

80+ 75-79 70-74 65-69 I 60-64 55-59 50-54 45 -49 40-44 35-39 30-34 25-29 20-24 15-19 10-14 5-9 0-4 1 0 00 l(.J i 14 0/ in each age group 0/0 in each age group POPULATION PYRAMIDS

SOURCES OF INFORMATION:

YEAR 1966 NORTHLAND: NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1966, VOL. 2 AGES AND MARITAL STATUS, TABLE 5 AGE DISTRIBUTION BY SEX FOR STATISTICAL AREAS.

NEW ZEALAND: NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1966, VOL. 2 AGES AND MARITAL - STATUS, p3. GRAPH OF AGE STRUCTURE 1961 AND 1966.

YEAR 1976 NORTHLAND: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, VOL. 2 AGES AND MARITAL STATUS, TABLE 6 AGE DISTRIBUTION BY SEX FOR STATISTICAL AREAS.

NEW ZEALAND: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, VOL. 2 AGES AND MARITAL STATUS, p.3 C DIAGRAM OF AGE STRUCTURE PYRAMIDS FOR 1971 AND 1976.

YEAR 1986 NORTHLAND,: DEMOGRAPHIC SPECIALIST STUDIES, DEPT OF STATISTICS, PRIVATE BAG, CHRISTCHURCH. (For Northland 1986, the data was based on the Northland Hospital Board area. This very closely approximates the Statistical Area, refer "Definition of the Region". The projection is based on the medium fertility, medium migration assumption.)

NEW ZEALAND: NEW ZEALAND SUB-NATIONAL POPULATION PROJECTIONS, 1981-2001. REPORT NO. 1 NORTH AND SOUTH ISLANDS, STATISTICAL DIVISIONS AND MAIN URBAN AREAS. DEPT OF STATISTICS. TABLE 8 NEW ZEALAND PROJECTED TOTAL POPULATION BY AGE AND SEX C AT 31 MARCH, 1976-2001. (The projection is based on the medium fertility, medium migration assumption.)

TABLE 2.5 NORTHLAND,, AGE STRUCTURE BY SEX FOR RURAL LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND URBAN SUBDIVISIONS (1) AS AT 31 MARCH 1976

AREA I SEX I 0-4 5-14 15-24 25-44 45-64 65-74 75+ TOTAL

WHANGAREI URBAN AREA M 460 881 509 833 494 103 50 3,330 Outer City North East F 402 843 535 853 470 121 75 3,299

N 258 824 643 814 763 204 75 3,581 Outer City North West F 260 771 566 880 782 205 140 3,604

M 146 385 489 555 623 268 133 2,599 Inner City North F 144 383 534 483 746 387 278 2,955

N 106 246 289 363 309 108 46 l,467 Inner City South West F 116 249 370 332 353 112 66 1,598

N 198 468 364 422 330 65 23 1,870 Outer City South F 199 456 340 459 294 65 25 1,838

N 167 365 198 405 229 67 43 1,474 Outer City South West F 148 317 332 452 235 78 120 1,682

K 347 611 421 709 553 153 51 2,845 Eastern River F 279 599 463 752 547 131 68 2,839

3,301N 1,682 3,780 2,913 4,101 968 421 17,166 TOTAL WHANGAREI CITY F 1,548 3,618 3,140 4,211 3,427 1,099 772 17,815

M 229 537 362 520 370 96 36 2,150 Peripheral City F 224 458 308 516 315 91 31 1,938

3,671N 1,911 4,317 3,275 4,621 1,064 457 19,316 TOTAL WHANGAREI U.A. F 1,772 4,071 3,448 4,727 3,742 1,190 803 19,753

RURAL NORTHLAND N 414 975 594 863 819 271 93 4,029 l4angonui County F 383 907 541 865 716 214 79 3,705 N 225 459 288 520 373 121 61 2,047 Kaitaia Borough F 235 470 362 536 376 141 76 2,196 U 83 312 131 233 205 74 27 1,065 Whangaroa County F 85 282 128 216 211 53 28 1,003 K 266 573 330 486 436 122 48 2,261 Hokianga County F 250 573 247 481 400 102 37 2,090 Coastal Towns of the M 113 295 262 456 529 208 55 1,918 Bay of Islands F 123 286 301 455 579 196 87 2,027 Remainder of Bay of Islands N 726 1,700 1,008 1,504 1,184 302 121 6,545 County (2) F 705 1,602 951 1,448 1,063 236 127 6,132 N 196 472 300 408 294 81 39 1,790 1aikohe Borough F 181 476 274 409 297 104 36 1,777 638 1,464 1,020 1,630 1,404 398 137 6,691 Whangarei County (part) F 628 1,411 882 1,572 1,271 347 127 6,238 N 272 698 427 662 552 131 53 2,795 Hobson County F 305 663 343 658 446 102 45 2,562 N 230 497 291 525 430 151 76 2,200 Dargaville Borough I F 223 484 411 507 444 167 123 2,359 N 377 729 500 840 555 202 72 3,275 Otamatea County F 346 703 376 775 526 164 78 2,968

N 3,540 8,174 5,151 8,127 6,781 2,361 782 34,616 TOTAL RURAL NORTHLAND F 3,464 7,857 4,816 7,922 6,329 1,826 843 33,057

N 5,449 12,493 8,468 12,857 10,519 3,129 1,240 54,155 TOTAL NORTHLAND S.A. (3) F 5,236 11,933 8,276 12,667 10,083 3,016 1,647 52,858 TOTAL NORTHLAND N 5,451 12,491 8,426 12,748 10,452 3,125 1,239 53,932 HOSPITAL BOARD AREA F 5,236 11,928 8,264 12,649 10,071 3,016 1,647 52,311 N 151,086 323,056 284,979 394,131 289,798 83,631 35,361 1,562,042 TOTAL NEW ZEALAND F 145,019 309,044 275,333 384,235 293,195 98,672 61,843 1,567,341

(1) The urban subdivisions are amalgamations of census area units. Refer Table I for an explanation of these groupings. I2) Coastal Towns of the Bay of,, Islands and Remainder of Bay of Islands County together form the administra- tive county of Bay of Islands. (3) Includes extra-county islands and shipboard. SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, VOLUME 2 AGES AND MARITAL STATUS. TABLE 6 AGE DISTRIBUTION BY SEX FOR STATISTICAL AREAS. TABLE 8 AGE DISTRIBUTION BY SEX FOR MAIN URBAN AREAS. TABLE 10 AGE GROUPS BY SEX FOR GEOGRAPHIC COUNTIES. Note: At the 1976 Census there were 965 males and 898 females 0-11 months in the Northland S.A. Source: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Volume 2, Ages and Marital Status, Table 6 Age Distribution by Sex for Statistical Areas. For further information on this age group by Local Authority refer to Table 2.10, Live Births, Residence of Mother by Local Authorities.

TABLE 2.2: NORTHLAND POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH, YEARS 1971 AND 1976

TOTAL POPULATION 3.NCREASE 1971-76 TEMPORARY TOTAL POPULATION RESIDENTS AREA 1971 1976 MALES FEMALES TOTAL MALES FEMALES TOTAL NUMBER PERCENT 1976 (2)

618 8.7 409 -NANGONUI COUNTY TOTAL 3.761 3,355 7,116 4,029 3,705 7,734 2.6 16 Awanui Community 138 94 232 132 106 238 6 612 8.9 393 Remainder County 3,623 3,261 6,884 3,897 3,599 7,496 742 21.2 363 MAITAIA BOROUGH 1,685 1,816 3,501 2,047 2,196 4,243 118 6.1 241 W}IAIIGAROA COUNTY 989 961 1,950 1,065 1,003 2,068 0.3 206 HOKIANGA COUNTY TOTAL 2,255 2,083 4,338 2,261 2,090 4,351 13 59 115 - 1 -0.9 3 Kohukohu Community 56 60 116 56 -2.3 43 •Rawene Community 167 177 344 160 176 336 - 8 37 22.0 40 0w.apere Community 81 87 168 99- 106 205 -15 -0.4 142 Remainder County 1,951 1,759 3,710 1,946 1,749 3,695 13.2 1,600 BAY OF ISLANDS COUNTY TOTAL 7,487 7,201 14,688 8,463 8,160 16,623 1,935 217 27.9 51 Kerikeri Community 383 396 779 499 497 996 170 26.1 186 Russell Community 314 337 651 395 426 821 396 36.0 579 Paihia Community 522 577 1,099 701 794 1,495 218 148.3 119 • Haruru Falls Community 75 72 147 183 182 365 77 40.3 11 Opus Community 96 95 191 140 128 268 183 12.7 79 Kawakawa Community 697 744 1,441 794 830 1,624 57 4.4 31 Community 676 618 1,294 727 624 1,351 617 6.8 637 • Remainder County 4,724 4,362 9,086 5,024 4,679 9,703 227 6.8 200 KAIKONE BOROUGH 1,740 1,600 3340 1,790 1,777 3,567 7,625 15,843 2,441 18.2 666 WEANGAREI COUNTY 6,999 6,403 13,402 8,218 34,981 4,235 13.8 1,240 WHANGAREI CITY 14,992 15,754 30,746 17,166 17,815 351 1,174 143 13.9 12 MIKUBP,NGI T.D. 532 499 1,031 623 -41 -0.8 159 HOBSON COUNTY TOTAL 2,832 2,566 5,398 2,795 2,562 5,357 -49 -9.0 9 Te Kopuru Community 264 279 543 246 248 494 8 0.2 152 Remainder County 2,568 2,287 4,855 2,549 2,314 4,863 458 11.2 236 DABGAVILLE BOROUGH 1,989 2,112 4,101 2,200 2,359 4,559 - 9 -0.1 163 OTANATEA COUNTY TOTAL 3,323 2,929 6,252 3,275 2,968 6,243 37 5.0 15 MaunqaturotO Community 371 363 734 386 385 771 7 1.4 9 Ruawai Community 250 251 501 265 243 508 - 7 -2.0 3 Kaiwaka Community 189 169 358 175 176 351 -46 -1.0 144 Remainder County 2,513 2,146 4,659 2,449 2,164 4,613 -63 -16.7 304 OTHER IN STATISTICAL AR 1 359 19 378 249 66 315

NORTHLAND S.A. TOTAL 48,914 47,277 96,191 54,155 52,858 107,013 10,822 11.3 4,449 NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AND WHANGAREI HEALTH 48,914 47,277 96,191 54,181 52,877 107,058 10,867 11.3 n.a. DISTRICT TOTAL WHANGAREI URBAN AREA 34,981 4,235 13.8 1,240 WdANGAREI CITY TOTAL 14,992 15,754 30,746 17,166 17,815 5,037 157 3.2 95 Kamo 2,408 2,472 4,880 2,531 2,506 4,408 1,258 39.9 54 Tikipunqa 1,630 1,520 3,150 2,241 2,167 424 24.6 47 1hau Valley 812 912 1,724 1,050 1,098 2,148 104 5.6 68 Mairtown 845 1,008 1,853 880 1,077 1,957 -84 -3.6 49 Otangarei 1,140 1,165 2,305 1,089 1,132 2,221 -77 -5.9 44 Kensington 604 710 1,314 574 663 1,237 --23 -13.0 1 Western Mills 87 90 177 78 76 154 -12 -0.6 395 Regent 914 1,029 1,943 899 1,032 1,931 - 49 VInetown Avenues 693 733 1,426 678 748 1,426 - -47 -14.6 78 City 193 129 322 168 107 275 81 12.5 30 Riverside 327 320 647 368 360 728 211 34.9 12 Parahaki 289 315 604 396 419 815 10.0 81 • Woodhill 712 778 1,490 789 850 1,639 149 20.0 68 Morninqside 824 813 1,637 976 - 989 1,965 328 35 3.3 225 Horahora 456 611 1,067 454 648 - 1,102 87 13.1 53 Maunu 330 333 663 357 393 750 503 62.8 22 Raumanga Heights 403 398 601 663 641 1,304 216 15.3 41 Otaika - 686 725 1,411 835 792 1,627 4 - 3.6 6 Port Limeburners 63 49 112 59 57 116 947 47.7 89 • Sherwood Rise 971 1,013 1,984 1,474 1,457 2,931 -2.1 19 Onerahi 605 631 1,236 607 603 1,210 -26 143 13.9 12 HIXURANGI T.D. 532 499 1,031 623 551 1,174

WHANGAREI COUNTY (PART) 1,159 1,093 2,252 1,527 1,387 2,914 662 29.4 139 WHANGAREI URBAN AREA TOTAL 16,683 17,346 34,029 19,316 19,753 39,069 3,040 14.3 1,365

NEW ZEALAND TOTAL 1.430,856 1,431,775 2$62,631 1,562,042 1,567,341 3,129,383 266,752 -,3

(1) Includes extra-count y islands and shipboard (2) Comprises persons not normally resident in the subject area

in 1976 Northland Statistical Area did not include 45 people residing in Otamatea County Remainder who were part of the Central Auckland Statistical Area. SOURCE: 1. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS. BULLETIN NO. 3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 1. 2. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS. BULLETIN 12 NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SUMMARY, TABLE 1.

TABLE 2.3: NORTHLAND POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH, YEARS 1976 AND 1981 (FINAL FIGURES)

TOTAL POPULATION INCREASE 1976-81 AREA 1976 1981 TOTAL POPULATION NUMBER PERCENT

NANGONDI COUNTY TOTAL 7,499 8,485 986 13.1 7.1 Awanui Community 238 255 17 13.3 Remainder County 7,261 8,230 969 5.8 KAITAIA BOROUGH 4,478 4,737 239 175 8.5 WHANGAROA COUNTY 2,068 2,243 6.3 HOKIANGA COUNTY TOTAL 4,351 4,626 275 30 26.1 Kohukohu Community 115 143 6.8 Rawene Community 336 359 23 Onidpere and Opononi Comma. 317 345 28 8.8 5.4 Remainder County 3,583 3,777 194 14.1 BAY OF ISLANDS COUNTY TOTAL 16,623 - 18,961 2,338 32.3 Kerikeri Community 1,033 1,367 334 932 111 13.3 I Russell Community 821 16.4 Pathia Community 1,495 1,740 245 14.2 Haruru Falls Community 387 442 55 20.9 Opua Community 268 324 56 0.0 Kawakawa Community 1,624 1,624 0 8.8 Moerewa Community 1,351 1,470 119 14.7 Remainder County 9,644 11,062 1,418 2.7 KAIKOHE BOROUGH 3,567 3,663 96 9.5 WHANGAREI COUNTY 15,522 16,997 1,475 1,248 3.3 WHANGABEI CITY 35,302 36,350 10.5 HIKURANGI T.D. 1,174 1,297 123 -0.7 HOBSON COUNTY TOTAL 3,357 5,317 -40 3.4 Te Kopuru Community 494 511 17 -57 -1.2 Remainder County 4,863 4,806 4.1 DARGAVILLE BOROUGH 4,559 4,747 188 2.1 OTANATEA COUNTY TOTAL 6,243 6,371 128 3.2 MaungaturotO Community 771 796 25 4.9 Ruawai Community 508 533 25 I -16.2 Kaiwaka Community 351 294 -57 118 37.6 Mangawhai Community 314 432 17 0.4 Remainder County 4,299 4,316 -54.5 EXTRA CO. ISLANDS 11 5 -6 86 32.6 SHIPPING 264 350 6.8 NORTHLAND S.A. TOTAL 107,013 114,295 7,282

NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD 6.8 & WHANGARZI HEALTH DISTRICT 107,058 114,349 7,291 TOTAL

1.5 NEW ZEALAND TOTAL 3,129,383 3,175,737 46,354

Boundary changes between the 1976 and 1981 censuses. 1 The area of Kaitaia Borough has increased to include 235 people previously reccrded as residing in Mangonui County. 2 The area of Whangarei County has increased to include 321 people previously recorded as residing in Whangarsi City. Northland Statistical Area does not include 54 people residing in Otamatea County Remainder who are part of Central Auckland Statistical Area.

SOURCE: MONTHLY ABSTRACT OF STATISTICS, APPENDIX TO NOVEMBER-DECEMBER ISSUE 1981, PUBLISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS. TABLE2I4 NORTHLAND, POPULATION OF TOWNSHIPS AND LOCALITIES IN EACH COUNTY,1976

NOTE: The following table shows the population of each administrative county classified into four main types. The first type, Community, has a defined area to which the population shown following relates. The second type, township, is used where there is the nucleus of a self-contained community. The third type, vicinity, has been used for districts in the neighbourhood of townships, boroughs, communities, etc. where they were outside defined borough, community etc. boundaries or were too far from township centres, and had no separate name of their owh. The fourth type, locality, comprises country districts or, in a few cases, suburbs which appeared to have an individual name but could not be classed as townships. Townships and localities, etc., are wholly or mainly in the area under which they are listed for statistical purposes; where they are not wholly included the number of persons involved in boundary adjustments are shown at the end of the relevant listing. It should he noted that the townships, vicinities and localities detailed in the table have not, in most cases, any fixed or well-determined boundaries and, in consequence, there may he divergent views as to their limits. Abbreviations used are S.A. for Statistical Area; U.A. for Urban Area; Co, for County; S.D. for Sub-Division; Comm. for Community; T. for township; vie, for vicinity;, and loc. for locality.

Locality Total Locality Total Population Population Mangonul Co. Mngonu( Co. -continued I Ahipara T. 803 Waiharara loc. 190 Ahipara vic. 109 Waihopo loc. 62 Akatere loc. (1) 27 Waimahana be. 5 Awanui Comm. 238 Waimanoni loc. 56 Awanui vic. 494 Wabotehue loc. 12 Awaroa loc. (2) 17 Waipapakauri loc. 209 Cable Bay loc. 187 Waitetoki loc. 38 Cape Reinga loc. 43 Whangape loc. 90 Coopers Beach loc. 167 Whatuwhiwhi loc. 36 Diggers Valley loc. 112 Total 7,734 Fairburn loc. 84 Fern Flat loc. Herekino T. 88 Herekino vic. 83 Whangaroa Co. Houhora loc. 70 o Akatere l c. (3) 47 Kaiaka loc. 37 Kaeo T. Kaimaumau loc. 27 282 Kaeo vie. Kaingaroa loc. 185 103 Kahoa loc. Kaitaia vic. 705 116 Kapowairua loc. 4 Mahineoua boc.(4) 19 Karelia loc. 16 Mangapa loc. 6 Kareponia (or California) loc. 129 Matangirau loc. 104 Kenana bc. 20 Matauri Bay loc. 130 Kerr Point loc. 5 Omaunu loc. 64 Kohumaru loc. 21 Otangaroa loc. 70 Lake Ohia loc. 113 Otoroa loc. 187 I Mangatoetoe loc. 13 Pungaere loc. (5) 18 Mangonui T. 459 Pupuke bc. 130 Mangonui vic. 10 Takou Bay loc. (5) 13 Manukau loc. 74 Taupo Bay loc. 40 Merits loc. 15 Tauranga Bay loc. 58 Motutangi loc. 39 Te Ngaire boo. 59 Ngataki loc. 114 Totara North T. 161 Totara North vie. Orualti loc. 69 5 Oruru loc. 123 Walare loc. 43 Oturu loc. 139 Waihapa loc. 28 Owhata loc. 8 Wainui loc. 33 Pamapuria loc. 248 Waitaruke loc. 154 Paparore loc. 25 Whangaroa T. 137 Whangaroa vie. 61 Paranul loc. 43 Parapara loc. 76 Total 2,068 Paua loc. 24 Peria loc. 158 Pukenui loc. 187 Pukepoto loc. 290 Reef Point loc. 11 Hoklanga Co. 23 Sweetwater loc. fraroa loc. (3) 35 Taipa loc. 176 Broadwood T. 166 169 Takahue loc. Broadwood vic. 46 Te Hapua loc. 90 Te Kao loc. 279 Horeke toe. 118 Te Paki loc. 8 Ivydabe loc. 14 Ta Rore Road loc. 33 Kohukohu Comm. 115 Tokerau Beach loc. 70 Kohukohu vic. 23 Victoria Valley loc. 145 Koutu loc. 9

11 See als. Whangaroa Co. 2See also Hokianga Co. See also Mangonui Co. 14 Prevbousby part of Wainub loc. See also Bay of Islands Co. TABLE 24 : CONTINUED

Total Locality Locality Total Population Population I4oklanga Co. —continued Bay of Islands Co.—continued Mangamuka bc. 59 Liangamuka Bridge T. 124 Manawaora loc. 56 Mangamuka Bridge vIe. 45 Maromaku toe. 190 Maraeroa loc. 37 Mataraua loc. 101 Mats toe. 26 Matawaia loc. 103 Mitimiti loc. 74 Moerewa Comm. 1,351 Motukaraka loc. 69 Moerewa vie. 458 Motukiore toe. 58 Motatau loc. 169 Motuti loc. 45 Motuarohia Island 3 Omahutu loc. 40 Moturoa Island 12 Omanaia bc. 132 Moturue Island 4 Omapere Comm. 205 Omapere vie. 42 Ngaiotonga loc. (1) 38 Opononi T. 112 Ngapipito loc. 45 70 Opononi vlc. N9SPUhI bc. 58 Orawau loc. - 23 Ngawha loc.. 178 Claus toe. 137 Ngawha Springs loc. 118 Oue bc. 79 Panguru toe. 302 Paponga loc. 23 Ohaéawai T. 361 Pawarenga toe. 139 Okaihau T. 462 Ranglahua loc. 182 Okaihau vie. 191 Rangi Point loc. 20 Opahi loc. 48 Rawene Comm. 336 Opus Lomm. 268 Rawene vIe. 14 Opus vic. 290 Rotokakahi loc. 41 Orauta (formerly Tuhipa loc.) loc. 46 Runaruna loc. 37 Oromahoe loc. 132 Taheke T. 13 Orongo Bay toe. 50 Teheke vlc. 73 loc. 170 Te Huahue loc. 63 Te Karae loc. . 59 Tutekehua loc. 35 Psi aka loc. 20 Umawera loc. 185 Paihia Comm. 1.495 Utakura loc. 93 Paihia vic. 17 Pekaraka loc. 198 178 Waima loc. Paroa Bay loc. 12 116 Walmamaku T. Pokapu toe. 129 Wabmamaku vbc. 80 Poroporo Island 2 124 Waiotemarama loc. Puketi loc. 135 27 Waireia bc.t6) loc. 72 44 Wekaweka loc. Punakitere Valley loc. 66 174 Whirinaki loc. Pungaere loc. (2) 36 Total 4,351 Purerua loc. 91

Rakautao toe. 25 Ranqitane loc. 131 Rawhiti loc. 21 Aenluera sell. toe. 45 Ruapekapeka loc. 39 Bay of islands Co. Russell Comm. 821 Akerama loc. 45 Awarua loc. 194 40 Cape Brett toe. 4 Taikirau toe. Takou Bay loc. (2) 12 Haruru Falls Comm. 365 45 Haruru Fails vbc. 79 Tapuhi bc. loc. 92 Hukerenul toe. (7) 50 233 Hupara Inc. 105 Taumatamakuku salt. loc. Tautoro loc. 196 KaikOhe vic. 737 To Ahuahu bc. 114 Xaikou loc. 35 Te bringa Inc. 110 Kapiro loc. 143 Te Tii tOe. 90 Karetu loc. 168 Ta Wahapu Bay loc. 16 Kawakawa Comm. 1,624 Towai T. 138 Kawakawa vic. 179 Towel vic. 58 Kawiti toe. 100 Kerlkerl Comm. 996 Karikerl vIe. 1,187 Urupukapuka Island 3 Kerlkeri Inlet loc. 92

See also Whangarel Co. 121s.. also Wh.ng.roa Co. Previousl y part of Panguru loc. (7) Seealso Whangarei Co. TABLE 24 : CONTINUED

Total Locality Locality Total Population Population Bay of Islands Co. —continued Whangarel Co. - continued Waihatia loc. 114 Outside Whangaroi U. A. —continued Waihou Valley loc. 95 Ngaiotonga loc. (5) 11 Walkare Inlet loc. 13 Ngararatunua loc. 276 Waimate North loc. 159 T. 435 Waimatenui loc. (3) 11 Ngunguru vic. 20 Walomio loc. 175 North River loc. 108 Waipapa loc. 288 Nukutawhiti loc. 38 Waitangi loc. 209 Whangamumu loc. 10 Oakleigh loc. 100 White Hills loc. 42 Oakura loc. 120 Total 18,623 Ocean Beach loc. 21 One Tree Point loc. 288 Opouteke loc. 44 Opuawhanga loc. 116 Otaika Valley loc. 44 Otakairangi loc. 47 Whangarol Co. Otonga (DC. 98 In Whangarei U.A. Otuhi loc. 43 Apotu (part) loc. 30 Awaroa Creek loc.. 49 loc. 139 Hikurangi (part) vic. 66 Parakao loc. 214 loc. Kamo (Whangarei) viC. 43 323 loc. 146 Kamo Springs loc. 346 Pikiwahine 1oct31 Kauri loc. 220 35 I Pipiwal loc. 175 Maunu (Whangarel) vic. 601 Poroti loc. 247 Otalka loc. 245 Puhipuhi loc. 80 Punaruku loc. Parahaki (Whangarei) vic. 85 103 Purua loc. Portland T. 609 133 Puwera loc. 136 Three Mile Bush (part) loc. 201 Tbkipunga (Whangarsi) ViC. 288 Toetoe (Whangarei) vic. 102 Reotahi Bay loc. 38 Whangarei vic. 16 Riponul bc. 98 Whau Valley (Whangarei) vic. 28 Ruakaka T. 684 Ruakaka vic. 93 Boundary Adjustments (-78. +45) —33 Ruarangi loc. 45 Sub-total 2.914 Ruatangata West loc. 182 Rukuwai loc. 20 Springfield loc. 96

Outside Whangarel V.A. Tahere loc. 32 Apotu (part) loc. 43 Taiharuru loc. 62 Braigh loc. 148 Takahiwai loc. 95 Brynderwyn 104) 8 Tamaterau loc. 354 Tenekaha loc. (6) 79 Glenbervie loc. 232 Tangihua loc. 47 Gumtown loc. 66 Taraunui loc. 21 Helena Bay loc. 60 Tauraroa loc. 100 Hikurangi (part) vic. 79 loc. 190 Horahora loc. 10 Three Mile Bush (part) loc. 77 Houto loc. 50 Titoki loc. 328 I Hukerenui loc.(51(6) 195 Tutaematai loc. 13 Kaiatea loc. 54 loc. 217 Kaimamaku loc. 32 tJrquharts Bay loc. Kara loc. 67 23 Kiripaka loc. 143 KOkopu loc. 188 Waikaraka loc. 107 Waikiekje bOC.(4) Langs Beach loc. 96 107 Waiotira 1oct41 160 149 McLeod Bay loc. Waipu •r. 579 Mangapai loc. 161 Waipu vic. 223 Marsden Bay loc. 270 Waipu Caves loc. 18 Marsden Point Inc. 120 Waipu Cove loc. 161 Marsden Power station loc. 495 loc. 185 Mania loc. 144 Whananaki Dc. 123 Mate loc. 147 Whangarei Heeds loc. 63 bc. 156 North loc. 31 Matarau loc. 107 Whangaruru South loc. 19 Maungakaramea T. 203 Wharekohe Inc. 49 Maungakaramea viC. 84 Whareora loc. 206 T. 544 Whatitirb loc. 129 Maungatapere vic. 66 Wheki Valley loc. 24 Maunu loc. 76 Wilsonville loc. 34 Mimiwhangata Bay loc. 19 Moewhare loc. 9 Boundary adjustments (-45, +78) 33 Mokau loc. 37 Sub-total 12.929 Motukaurl Island 2 Total Motukiore Island 2 15,843

131 also Hobson Co. also Otamatea Co. also Bay of Islands Co. 161 Includespart of form., Waiotu loc. TABLE 2.4 : CONTINUED

Total Total Locality Population Locality Population

Hobson Co. Ahikiwi loc. 4 Otamatea Co. Aoroa loc. 165 In Northland S.A. Aranga loc. 109 Arapaoa loc. 24 Arapohue loc. 187 Ararua toe. 172

Aratapu bc. 208 44 Batley loc. Avoca (Or Olea( loc. 135 50 Bickerstalte loc. Awakirio Point loc. 143 Brynderwyn loc. 31 97

Babylon loc. B 168 Hakaru loc. Baylys Beach loc. 163 104 Huarau loc. Bradleys Landing bc. 99 Hukatere loc. 102

Chases Gorge loc. 88 Kaiwaka Comm. 351 Dargavibbe vic. 59 Kaiwaka vic. 171

Donnebbys Crossing loc. 98 Mangawhai (part) 10C.(4) 168

Glinks Gully loc. 35 Mangawnat Heads loc. 191 Mareretu loc. 102 Hoanga be. 67 Marohemo loc. 94 Kaihu loc. 134 Matakohe loc. 147 Kairara loc. 36 Maungaturoto Comm. .771 Kabui loc. 50 Maungaluroto vic. 332 Kebbys Bay toe. 37 Mo)esworlh toe. 63 Kirikopuni loc. 83 213 Naumai T. Mahuta loc. 69 Okahu boc.(5) 15 Mailahi loc. 32 Oneriri loc. 135 Marnaranui loc. 106 Oparakau loc. 48 c Mangarata loc. 34 Oruawharo loc. 82 Mangabara loc. 95 33 Patti loc. 89 Mangatu loc. Maropiu boc 147 Paparoa T. 282 Mitilal loc. 118 Paparoa vie. 119 Mt Wesley loc. 90 Parahi loc. 14 Pukekaroro loc. 18 Okahu loc., 101 Omamari loc. 69 Raupo loc. 125 Qmana loc. 81 Rehia loc. 113 Ruawai Comm. 508 Parore loc. 81 Ruawai vic. 348 Pekaoekarau loc. 61 Pibtiwahine oc.13) 4 Taipuha loc. 187

Poubo loc. 121 Tara loc. 31

Pukehuia loc. 35 Te Kowhai loc. 161 134 105 Tinopai toe. Redhilb boc 77 47 Tokatoka (oct51 Rehubai loc. Topuni (part) 10C.(4) 117 Repia loc. 28 Rototuna loc. 76 Waikiekie loc. (3) 11 21 Taingaehe loc. 101 Waiotira boc.(3) 67 bc. 141 Wairere loc. Whakapirau loc. 70 loc. 160 112 Tatarariki loc. 111 Whenuanui loc. Te Kopuru Comm. 494 Sub-total 6,198 Te Kopuru vic. 53 Te Mai re loc. 136 In Ceniral Auckland S.A. Te Wharau be. 67 Mangawhai (part) (oct41 22 105 Topuni (part) 10c.b41 Tikinui loc. 2.1 Tokatoka loc. I 40 Sub-Iota) 45 C Turiwiri loc. 195 Tulamoe be. 42 Total 6,243 Waihue loc. 158 22 Waimalenui loc. Waipoua (ind. Forest Camp) bc 33 Whatoro be, 28 Windy 1111) loc. 30

Total 5,357

)2b (1) See also Otamatea Co. See also Bay of Islands Co. also Whangarei Co.

also Rodney Co. (5) Seealso Hobson Co.

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS VOLUMN lB LOCATION AND INCREASE OF POPULATION, TABLE 3 POPULATION OF TOWNSHIPS AND LOCALITIES IN EACH COUNTY. MAP 2,1A: NORTHLAED S.A. CHANGE IN TOTAL POPULATION OF COUNTIES CITY AND TOWNS BETWEEN 1971-1976

: ABOVE average increase (more than 16.2%)

[AVERAGE increase LA (6.2% to 16.2%)

BELOW average increase. L / (less than 6.2%) Based on the Northland S.A. average increase of 11.2% (New Zealand average I increase 9.3%) MANGONUI

lo

I ^,,V-z - x/ er k v r i

Tcjhiu::.... BAY OF ISLAND ll Moere Kaawa 0Kalkohe I COUNTY BOUNDARIES------WHAN3EI Onga

/ I1¼dL.Y..JIN / ...... (4M.... oTowns, include all those with q Po p ulation over 500 in 1976 Their population chance has been Separated from that of the county in which they Iie cfOTAMATEA SCALE Q L o 25 kilometres un,çjQturoto

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION & DWELLINGS BULLETIN No.3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA. TABLE 1. TOTAL POPULATION & TEMPORARY RESIDENTS. MAP 212A: WHANGAREI CITY CHANGE IN TOTAL POPULATION OF URBAN SUBDIVISIONS BETWEEN 1971-1976

URBAN SUBDIVISIONS WHANG/IREI CITY 1. Karno 2. Tikipunga 3, Whau Valley 4. Otonqurei ti Mcirtown PU! 6. Kensington 7.Western Hills 8 Regent 9, Vinetown Avenues 10. City 11. Maunu 12. Horuhora 13. WoodhilI 14. Otoika 15. Morningside 16. Raumongu Heights 17. Riverside 7 18. Parahaki 19 Lirneburners 20 Port 21 Sherwocd Rise 22 Oncrahi WNSAM

> S7 11

II 1

ABOVE average increase (more than 1813i0)

SCALE 15000 AGE increase El (8.8% to 18.8%) I.

IomQtrIs 2 BELOW average increase [LL (less than 8.601o) Based on the Whangarei City average increase of 1380I SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION & DWELLINGS BULLETIN No.3 NORTHLAND STAT ISTICAL AREA. TABLE 1 TOTAL POPULATION, & TEMPORARY RESIDENTS POPULATION PROJECTIONS

NOTES

I Lack of space prevents full presentation of projections.

2 Projections are unreliable and unreliability increases with distance into the future.

3 The full range of projections by five year age cohorts and sex for local authority areas, at five year intervals up to 2001, are available from Demographic Specialist Studies, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Christchurch. (The tables presented herein, are extracted from these statistics.)

4 Other population projections but not on the same detailed level of age and sex breakdown, are as follows: (i) Quarterly Population Bulletin Vol 3 No 3 Dec 1979. C Total population projections for Urban Areas and Statistical Divisions. NOt given by age or sex. Published and available, Department of Statistics.

(ii) New Zealand Sub-National Population Projections 1981-2001. Report No 1 North and South Islands, Statistical Divisions and Main Urban Areas. Given by five year age groups. Available March 1981, Department of Statistics.

(iii) New Zealand sub-National Population Projections 1981-2001. Report No 2. Local Authority Areas and Non-Administrative Centres. Given by sex but not by age. Forthcoming as at March 1981, Department of Statistics.

C

C

TABLE 2.6A NORTHLAND S.A. PROJECTED TOTAL POPULATION BY LOCAL AUTHORITY

BY AGE AND SEX AT 31 MARCH 1981 (1) MEDIUM FERTILITY AND MEDIUM MIGRATION2

AGE MALES FEMALES TOTAL MALES FEMALES TOTAL MANGONUI COUNTY KAITAIA BOROUGH MIGRATION LEVEL -200 MIGRATION LEVEL -30 0 - 4 350 330 680 220 220 430 5 - 14 860 800 1660 460 470 930 15 - 24 710 590 1300 390 440 830 25 - 44 850 900 1750 580 620 1200

45 - 64 760 700 1460 410 440 850 65 - 74 300 260 560 160 180 340 75 + 110 100 210 80 90 170 TOTALS (3) 3900 3700 7600 2300 2400 4700

WHANGAROA COUNTY HOKIANGA COUNTY MIGRATION LEVEL -10 MIGRATION LEVEL -300 0 - 4 80 80 160 180 170 350 5 - 14 330 280 610 520 450 970 15 - 24 130 110 240 420 370 790 25 - 44 216 230 440 480 500 980 45 - 64 210 180 390 380 350 730 65 - 74 70 90 160 140 130 270 75+ 30 30 60 50 40 90

TOTALS (3) 1100 1000 2100 2200 2000 4200

BAY OF ISLANDS COUNTY KAIK0ME BOROUGH MIGRATION LEVEL -350 MIGRATION LEVEL -150 0 - 4 820 780 1600 180 180 360 5 - 14 1730 1710 3440 410 400 810

15 - 24 1670 1510 3180 370 360 730 25 - 44 2030 2070 4100 430 430 860 45 - 64 1630 1570 3200 300 310 610 65 - 74 590 600 1190 100 120 220 75 + 230 260 490 40 60 100 TOTALS (3) 8700 8500 17200 1800 1800 3600

WHANGAREI COUNTY WHANGAREI CITY MIGRATION LEVEL -700 MIGRATION LEVEL -100 0 - 4 640 620 1260 1440 1410 2850

5 - 14 1590 1570 3160 3660 3560 7220 15 - 24 1500 1210 2710 3330 3710 7040

25 - 44 1970 1970 3940 4260 4490 8750 45 - 64 1570 1480 3050 3250 3520 6770

65 - 74 520 490 1010 1130 1300 2490 75 + 180 190 370 510 790 1300 TOTALS (3) 8000 7500 15500 17600 18800 36400

HIKURANGI I.T.D. HOBSON COUNTY MIGRATION LEVEL -110 MIGRATION LEVEL -570

0 - 4 80 80 160 290 280 570

5 - 14 150 110 260 550 530 1080

15 - 24 110 100 210 470 410 880

25 - 44 150 140 290 690 660 1350

45 - 64 90 80 170 470 420 890

65 - 74 40 30 70 140 130 270 75 + 20 20 40 50 50 100 TOTALS (3) 600 600 1200 2700 2500 5200 DARGAVILLE BOROUGH OTAMATEA COUNTY MIGRATION LEVEL 40 MIGRATION LEVEL -520

0 - 4 180 160 340 290 280 570

S - 14 510 510 1020 670 620 1290 15 - 24 310 400 710 560 440 1000 25 - 44 590 550 1140 820 810 1630

45 - 64 420 450 870 540 500 1040

65 - 74 180 220 400 170 160 330

75 + 80 130 210 90 90 180 TOTALS (3) 2300 2400 4700 3100 2900 6000

Refer footnotes Table 4(b): TABLE 2.6B NORTHLAND S.A. PROJECTED TOTAL POPULATION BY LOCAL AUTHORITY BY AGE AND

SEX AT 31 MARCH 1986(1) MEDIUM FERTILITY AND MEDIUM MIGRATION2

AGE MALES FEMALES TOTAL MALES FEMALES TOTAL

MANGONUI COUNTY KAITAIA BOROUGH MIGRATION LEVEL 30 MIGRATION LEVEL 150

0- 4 370 350 720 240 230 470 5-14 800 740 1540 440 450 890 15-24 760 630 1390 460 480 940 25-44 960 1000 1960 630 720 1350 45-64 760 720 1480 450 470 920 65-74 290 300 590 160 180 340 75+ 140 140 280 90 3.10 200 TOTALS (3) 4100 3900 8000 2500 2700 5200

WHANGAROA COUNTY HOKIANGA COUNTY MIGRATION LEVEL - 10 MIGRATION LEVEL -300

0- 4 70 70 140 190 180 370 5-14 340 270 610 400 370 770 15-24 140 120 260 420 360 780 25-44 220 230 450 550 500 1050 45-64 220 190 410 370 350 720 65-74 70 100 170 130 130 260 75+ 30 30 60 50 70 120 TOTALS (3) 1100 1000 2100 2100 1900 4000

BAY OF ISLANDS COUNTY KAI1OHE BOROUGH MIGRATION LEVEL 140 MIGRATION LEVEL - 150

0- 4 890 850 1740 200 190 390 5-14 1710 1650 3360 370 340 710 15-24 1790 1620 3410 370 390 760 25-44 2240 2330 4570 470 440 910 45-64 1700 1580 3280 340 340 680 65-74 590 690 1280 100 120 220 75+ 270 320 590 50 70 120 TOTALS (3) 9200 9000 18200 1900 1900 3800

WHANGAREI COUNTY WHANGABEI CITY MIGRATION LEVEL 120 MIGRATION LEVEL 760 0- 4 670 640 1310 1530 1490 3020 5-14 1450 1410 2860 3430 3330 6760 15-24 1560 1400 2960 3660 4020 7680 25-44 2210 2120 4320 4570 5010 9580 45-64 1620 1550 3170 3380 3740 7120 65-74 530 530 1060 1160 1490 2650 75+ 240 280 520 610 950 1560 TOTALS (3) 8300 7900 16200 18300 20000 38300

HIKURANGI I.T.D. HOBSON COUNTY MIGRATION LEVEL -70 MIGRATION LEVEL -460 0- 4 80 80 - 160 290 280 570 5-14 150 140 290 490 500 900 15-24 120 90 210 480 390 870 25-44 140 140 280 680 630 1310 45-64 110 100 210 470 430 900 65-74 30 30 60 160 140 300 75+ 10 30 40 60 60 120 TOTALS (3) 700 600 1300 2600 2400 5000

DASGAVILLE BOROUGH OTAMATEA COUNTY MIGRATION LEVEL 40 MIGRATION LEVEL -350 0- 4 160 150 310 280 270 550 5-14 440 420 860 610 550 1160 15-24 420 440 860 510 440 950 25-44 590 620 1210 880 790 1670 45-64 450 450 900 560 500 1060 65-74 180 230 410 140 170 310 75+ 100 180 280 90 90 180 TOTALS (3) 2300 2500 4800 3100 2800 5900

(1) Each projection has as base the age-sex specific population enumerated at the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings in the sub-national area concerned. It is based on the assumption that the 1970-72 Life Table mortality experience (total population) applies throughout the projection period. (2) Three alternative projection variants-designated low, medium, high have been derived. These incorporate different fertility and migration assumptions. Details of projected net total migration levels and projected crude birth rates are available from the Department of Statistics. (3) Owing to rounding, individual figures do not always sum to give stated totals. SOURCE: DEMOGRAPHIC SPECIALIST STUDIES • DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, PRIVATE BAG. CHRISTCHURCH

TABLE 2.7: NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD PROJECTED TOTAL POPULATION BY AGE AND S( AT 31 MARCH, 1976 - 2001 (1 ) MEDIUM FERTILITY AND MEDIUM MIGRATION(

AGE MALES FEMALES TOTAL MALES FEMALES TOTAL

1976 (BASE) 1981 MIGRATION LEVEL - 3000 0- 4 5450 5235 18685 4744 4566 9310 5- 9 5966 5762 11728 5524 5284 10808 10-14 6518 6163 12681 5904 5708 11612 15-19 4853 4634 9487 5900 5638 11538 20-24 3572 3640 7212 4071 4006 8077 25-29 3818 3794 7612 3224 3395 6619 30-34 3133 3190 6323 3762 3784 7546 35-39 3076 3056 6132 3087 3192 6279 40-44 2720 2612 5332 2970 3008 5978 45-49 2940 5641 2701 2599 2539 5138 50-54 5353 2724 2629 2788 2590 5378 55-59 4823 2375 2448 2530 2518 5048 60-64 2406 2292 4698 2148 2341 4489 65-69 1866 1826 3692 2061 2137 4198 70-74 1258 1193 2451 1479 1602 3081 75-79 667 852 219 869 943 1812 80-84 351 470 821 373 578 951 85-89 162 240 402 137 242 379 90+ 60 91 151 48 83 TOTALS (3) 131 53910 52820 104730 54210 54150 108360 1986 1991 MIGRATION LEVEL -100 MIGRATION LEVEL 100 0- 4 4967 4772 9739 5408 5196 10604 5- 9 4973 4757 9730 5209 4979 10188 10-14 5647 5412 11059 5122 4904 10026 15-19 5434 5282 10716 5214 5042 10256 20-24 5255 5093 10348 4817 4796 9613 25-29 3885 3907 7792 5065 5003 10068 30-34 3291 3489 6780 3955 4008 7963 35-39 3822 3870 7692 3361 3579 6940 40-44 3076 3214 6290 3809 3891 7700 45-49 2917 2985 5902 3028 3191 6219 50-54 2526 2485 5011 2835.., 2923 5758 55-59 2645 2519 5164 2406 2421 4827 60-64 2336 2443 4779 2448 2450 4898 65-69 1877 2206 4083 2046 2307 4353 70-74 1647 1889 3536 1507 1952 3459 75-79 1031 1281 2312 1144 1507 2651 80-84 497 651 1148 586 877 1463 85-89 155 301 456 202 337 539 90+ 45 85 130 51 108 159 TOTALS (3) 56020 56640 112660 58210 59470 117680 1996 2001 MIGRATION LEVEL 100 MIGRATION LEVEL 100 0- 4 5432 5215 10647 5209 5003 10212 5- 9 5648 5399 11047 5670 5419 11089 10-14 5367 5140 10507 5802 5555 11357 15-19 4713 4554 9267 4963 4807 9770 20-24 4616 4554 9170 4135 4091 8226 25-29 4634 4713 9347 4439 4466 8905 30-34 5129 5106 10235 4699 4808 9507 35-39 4020 4098 8118 5178 5186 10364 40-44 3353 3604 6957 4004 4121 8125 45-59 3740 3857 7597 3294 3573 6867 50-54 2942 3123 6065 3626 3772 7398 55-59 2699 2844 5543 2798 3035 5833 60-64 2232 2357 4589 2496 2758 5254 65-69 2138 2313 4451 1956 2230 4186 70-74 1640 2040 3680 1713 2047 3760 75-79 1052 1554 2606 1143 1626 2769 80-84 . 650 1028 1678 598 1063 1661 85-89 240 451 691 265 527 792 90+ 63 119 182 72 157 229 TOTALS (3) 60300 62060 122360 62060 64240 126300

Refer footnotes Table 4 (b):

SOURCE: DEMOGRAPHIC SPECIALIST STUDIES, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, CHRISTCHURCH

Immill REFERENCE: NORTHLAND, MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS AND DURATION OF PROJECTS PLANNED FOR THE DECADE 1981-1990

For information on the above, please refer to Section 3, Social and Economic Characteristics, Table 3.24, Northland, Major Construction Projects Planned for the Decade 1981-1990, and Figure 3.2; Northland, Duration of Major Construction Projects, (Excluding Electric Power Projects), Years 1980-1990.

I

TABLE 2.8 : NORTHLAND, PLACE OF BIRTH BY LOCAL AUTHORITY,

YEAR 1976

LOCAL NEW AUSTRA- UK & CONTI- NENTAL NORTH PACIFIC AUTHORITIES ALAND LIA IRELAND AMER. ASIA ISLANDS OTHER EUROPE

Man gonui County 7049 89 403 84 36 12 14 17

Kaitaia Borough 3744 46 262 48 17 7 21 22

Whangaroa County 1891 15 107 24 12 3 5

Hokianga County 4025 53 177 26 20 3 10 13

Bay of Islands 14265 235 1157 144 123 66 75 97

Kaikohe Borough 3304 20 147 31 15 7 25 7

Whangarei County 13624 268 1369 194 110 48 68 100

Whangarei City 29919 594 3171 337 170 129 244 232

Hikurangi TD 1053 21 77 6 1 3 8 5

Hobson County 4959 57 201 80 17 4 24 12

Dargaville Borou 4101 45 269 67 24 8 8 14

Otama tea County 5705 72 306 80 25 9 14 18

TOTAL 93639 1515 7646 1121 570 299 516 537 TOTAL NORTHLAND 93719 1519 S.A. 7706 1129 580 302 519 541

TOTAL NEW ZEALAND 2608510 50830 295440 44854 14041 22799 49047 17744

Including not specified. This exceeds the local authority total because it includes shipboard population and extra-county islands.

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN NO. 3. NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 5. PERSONS USUALLY RESIDENT IN NEW ZEALAND BY PLACE OF BIRTH. THE COLLECTION OF STATISTICAL INFORMATION BY ETHNICITY

The collection of statistical information by ethnicity is problematic. New Zealand is a multicultural society where different cultures have different ideas about definition, and different understandings about the use of categorisation for statistical purposes. This situation has led to various definitions of ethnicity being used in the collection of different sets of statistics.

There are very clear indications that minority ethnic groups make up a disproportionately large percent of the socially disadvantaged. In some situations, minority ethnicity maybe a convenient, but misleading, surrogate for socio-economic disadvantage.

However, even with socio-economic status taken into account, there does appear to be another factor - "ethnicity" - which may, for example, explain some of the differences existing between the morbidity and mortality of low income Maori versus low income Pakeha groups.

Another problem is the differing criteria used to include and exclude individuals from the various ethnic categories in differing contexts. Common criteria used for inclusion/ exclusion are genetic composition, cultural affiliation by self-definition, and observer estimation. There is at present no standardisation among different sets of statistical information. For example, the Census used genetic composition, National Health Statistics Centre used cultural affiliation by self-definition while death registration statistics are often on the basis of observer estimation.

This means that if data from one set is used in association with that of other sets we are faced with the problem that the numerator data is defined by one criterion and the denominator data is defined by another.

A consistent definition of ethnic data would, if applied by all data gatherers answer these problems, the preferred definition being cultural affiliation by self- definition. Even a well-formulated self-defined categorisation of significant minority ethnic groups leaves unanswered two problems. The majority is non- homogeneous by comparison, being formed by a further set of sub-groups (eq Greeks, Yugosla ys, Dutch among "Europeans"). Secondly, the context of the asking is likely to be radically different at the Census time and at significant life events such as birth, death, migration and marriage. A Polynesian person may identify her or himself depending on how she or he interprets the intention of the question and the implications of the social situation in which the question is asked. For example a person may leave the country as a non-Maori and return as a Maori. The National Health Statistics Centre

agree that the classification of race in mortality data is far short of perfect. However, the results obtained do show a very consistent picture of a very large gap in mortality experience between Maoris and non-Maoris even though the evidence available would indicate that Maori mortality is understated. In other words the difference is even larger than we can demonstrate.

In the specialised area of infant mortality

ethnic classification is about as accurate as it would be possible to achieve. Approximately 90 per cent of infant death guide forms are matched with corresponding birth forms and as race of infant on birth registration is completed by one or other of the parents it is assumed to be relatively accurate. Results of matching indicate that death certificate information on race is used alone understates Maori infant deaths by about 20 percent. Since 1976 (NHSC has) used "matched" data. U

r

FIGURE 2.2 : NORTHLAND S.A. POPULATION CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO ETHNIC ORIGIN, YEAR 1976

"1ER RACES / \ (3) POLYNESIAN 95% 2 . 7% / \ (3) CHINESE 3.0% / (3) INDIAN 1.1% \ \ /

I OTHER INCLUDING NOT SPECIFIED 86,3%

(1) More than half (2) Comprises persons who specified themselves as half or more N.Z. Maori, plus those, who indicated they were persons of the Maori race of N-Z., but did. not specify the degree of Maori origin. (3) Half or more.

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS. BULLETIN No3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA TABLE 4 ETHNIC GROUPS. FIGURE 2.3 : TOTAL NEW ZEALAND POPULATION CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO ETHNIC ORIGIN, YEAR 1976

N.Z. MAO [HER RACES 8.6% 5.4%

I \ •1 \

OTHER INCLUDINGINCLUDING NOT SPECIFIED 48.6% (3) POLYNESIAN 36.9%

(3) INDIAN 5.6% (3) (1) More than half CHINESE 8.9%

(2) Comprises persons who specified themselves as half or more N.Z. Maori, plus those who indicated they were persons of the Maori race of N.Z., but did not specify the degree of Maori origin. (3) Half or more. SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS. BULLETIN No12 NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SUMMARY. TABLE 4 ETHNIC GROUPS. TABLE 2.9 NORTHLAND, ETHNIC GROUPS BY LOCAL AUTHORITY YEAR 1976,

LOCAL AUTHORITY EUROPEAN (1) POLYNESIAN > > N.E. (2) CHINESEINDIAN OTHER MAORI TOTAL MAORI DESCENDANT

Mangonui County 5,212 2,418 6 2 2 94 2,997 7,734 Kaitaia Borough 3,334 821 26 2 1 59 1,227 4,243 Whangaroa County 1,454 608 1 - 5 775 2,068 Hokianga County 2,125 2,166 14 - - 46 2,464 4,351 y or luldnds County 10,835 5,370 42 4 - 372 6,187 Kaikohe Borough 2,276 1,214 14 5 - 58 1,414 3,567 Whangarei County 13,419 1,929 27 23 - 445 2,517 15,843 Whangarei City 29,038 4,720 123 43 23 1,034 6,162 34,981 Hikurangi T.D. 903 249 2 - - 20 324 1,174 Hobson County 4,582 706 5 1 1 62 925 5,357 Dargaville Borough 3,877 574 3 6 - 99 754 4,559 Otamatea County 5,264 788 11 2 4 174 990 6,243 NORTHLAND S.A. 82,528 21,571 278 88 32 2,516 26,645 107,013 NEW ZEALAND 2,693,183 270,035 61,354 14,860 9,247 80,704 356,847 3,129,383

(1) More than half. (2) Comprises persons who specify themselves as half or more N.E. Maori, plus those who indicated they were persons of the Maori race of N.E., but did not specify the degree of Maori origin. (3) Half or more. (4) Includes not specified. (5) Persons of N.E. Maori descent irrespective of the degree of Maori origin.

SOURCE 1 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN NO. 3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 4 ETHNIC GROUPS. 2 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN NO. 12 NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SUMMARY, TABLE 4 ETHNIC GROUPS.

TABLE 210 : NORTHLAND, LIVE BIRTHS: RESIDENCE OF MOTHER BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES, TOTAL POPULATION AND MAORI POPULATION, YEARS 1971, 1976, 1978

LIVE BIRTHS RESIDENCE OF MOTHER 1971 1976 1978 TOTAL MAORI TOTAL MAORI TOTAL MAORI

Mangonui County 151 57 130 41 118 37

Kaitaia Borough 79 14 92 24 113 37

Whangaroa County 40 18 34 16 44 15

Hokianga County 90 43 55 25 70 32

Bay of Islands County 278 129 286 112 249 73

Kaikohe Borough 93 37 70 29 84 33

Whangarei County 247 35 249 34 255 42

Whangarei City 690 148 606 100 571 113

Hikurarigi T.D. 31 9 44 10 34 8

Hobson County 114 30 101 16 80 12

Dargaville Borough 102 16 86 14 87 12

Otamatea County 150 29 119 11 107 9

TOTAL 21065 565 1872 432 1812 423

TOTAL NORTHLAND S.A. 2065 565 1872 432 1812 423

TOTAL NEW ZEALAND 64460 8364 55105 6626 51029 6580

SOURCE: (1) NEW ZEALAND VITAL STATISTICS 1971. TABLE 30. LIVE BIRTHS: RESIDENCE OF MOTHER BY STATISTICAL AREAS, STATISTICAL DIVISIONS, AND TERRITORIAL LOCAL AUTHORITIES: TOTAL POPULATION; MAORI POPULATION (2) NEW ZEALAND VITAL STATISTICS 1975 AND 1976. TABLE 28. LIVE BIRTHS: RESIDENCE OF MOTHER BY STATISTICAL AREAS, STATISTICAL DIVISIONS, AND TERRITORIAL LOCAL AUTHORITIES: TOTAL POPULATION; MAORI POPULATION (3) NEW ZEALAND VITAL STATISTICS 1978. TABLE 28. LIVE BIRTHS: RESIDENCE OF MOTHER BY STATISTICAL AREAS, STATISTICAL DIVISIONS, AND TERRITORIAL LOCAL AUTHORITIES: TOTAL POPULATION; MAORI POPULATION TABLE 2.11 : NORTHLAND, CRUDE BIRTH RATE, STANDARDISED FERTILITY RATE BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, YEARS 1971, 1976, 1978

STANDARDISED LOCAL AUTHORITY CRUDE BIRTH RATE1 FERTILITY RATE 2 1971 1976 1978 1971 1976 1978

Mangonui County 21.2 16.8 15.3 128.3 92.5 83.9 Kaitaia Borough 22.6 21.7 26.6 110.8 102.5 125.8 Whangaroa County 20.5 16.4 21.3 126.2 98.8 127.9 Hokianga County 20.7 12.6 16.1 129.3 75.5 96.2 Bay of Islands County 18.9 17.2 15.0 109.4 90.7 78.9 I Kaikohe Borough 27.8 19.6 23.5 148.8 102.5 123.0 Whangarei County 18.4 15.7 16.1 103.9 81.7 83.7 Whangarei City 22.4 17.3 16.3 111.4 82.4 77.7 Hikurangi T.D. 30.1 37.5 29.0 157.4 189.7 146.6 Hobson County 21.1 18.9 14.9 116.2 100.9 79.9 Dargaville Borough 24.9 18.9 19.1 126.1 93.7 94.8 Otamatea County 24.0 19.1 17.1 133.9 103.4 93.0

NORTHLAND S.A. 21.5 17.5 16.9 116.3 89.4 86.5 NEW ZEALAND 22.5 17.7 16.3 112.9 83.5 77.4

1. Crude birth rate is defined as number of births per 1000 of population.

2. Standardised fertility rate is defined as number of births per 1000 of female population aged 15-44 years.

3. Estimated using 1976 census population figures as denominator.

SOURCE: 1) SEE TABLE 2.2, NORTHLAND S.A, POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH. YEARS 1971, 1976.

2) SEE TABLE 2.10, NORTHLAND S.A, LIVE BIRTHS: RESIDENCE OF MOTHER BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES. TOTAL POPULATION AND MAORI POPULATION. YEARS 1971, 1976, 1978.

REFERENCE; NORTHLAND, EX-NUPTIAL BIRTHS

For information on the above, please refer to Section 3, Social and Economic Characteristics, Table 3.8, Northland, Ex-Nuptial Births and Live Births Registered At Each Registration Office, Years 1971, 1976, 1978. TABLE 2.12 : NORTHLAND, DEATHS: DOMICILE OF DECEASED BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES, TOTAL POPULATION AND MAORI POPULATION, YEARS 1971, 1976, 1978

DEATHS DOMICILE OF DECEASED 1971 1976 1978 TOTAL MAORI TOTAL MAORI TOTAL MAORI

Man gonui County 56 16 64 25 48 21

Kaitaia Borough 29 3 36 6 40 5

Whangaroa County 14 5 - - 17 5

Hokianga County 38 25 42 24 35 22

Bay of Islands County 98 33 114 36 127 45

Kaikohe Borough 29 13 25 10 30 10

Whangarei County 96 14 92 14 88 19

Whangarei City 252 16 268 26 265 28

Hikurangi T.D. 11 1 13 4 9 1

Hobson County 39 7 32 4 24 4

Dargaville Borough 43 1 56 4 36 6

Otamatea County 42 6 52 5 42 2

TOTAL 733 135 794 158 761 168

TOTAL NORTHLAND S .A. 747 140 807 166 762 169

TOTAL NEW ZEALAND 24309 1421 25457 1320 24669 1215

SOURCE: (1) NEW ZEALAND VITAL STATISTICS 1971. TABLE 51. DEATH: DOMICILE OF DECEASED BY STATISTICAL AREAS, STATISTICAL DIVISIONS AND TERRITORIAL LOCAL AUTHORITIES: TOTAL POPULATION; MAORI POPULATION. (2) NEW ZEALAND VITAL STATISTICS 1975 AND 1976. TABLE 40. DEATH: DOMICILE OF DECEASED BY STATISTICAL AREAS, STATISTICAL DIVISIONS AND TERRITORIAL LOCAL AUTHORITIES: TOTAL POPULATION; MAORI POPULATION. (3) NEW ZEALAND VITAL STATISTICS 1978. TABLE 40. DEATH: DOMICILE OF DECEASED BY STATISTICAL AREAS, STATISTICAL DIVISIONS AND TERRITORIAL LOCAL AUTHORITIES: TOTAL POPULATION; MAORI POPULATION TABLE 2.13 : NORTHLAND, CRUDE DEATH RATE BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, YEARS 1971, 1976, 1978

CRUDE DEATH RATE

LOCAL AUTHORITY 1971 1976 19782

Mangonui County 7.9 8.3 6.2

Kaitaia Borough 8.3 8.5 9.4

Whangaroa County 7.2 - 8.2

Hokianga County 8.8 9.7 8.0

Bay of Islands County 6.7 6.9 7.6

Kaikohe Borough 8.7 7.0 8.4

Whangarei County 7.2 5.8 5.6

Whangarei City 8.2 7.7 7.6

Hikurangi T.D. 10.7 11.1 7.7

Hobson County 7.2 6.0 4.5

Dargaville Borough 10.5 12.3 7.9

Otarnatea County 6.7 8.3 6.7

NORTHLAND S.A. 7.6 7.4 7.1

NEW ZEALAND 8.5 8.2 7.9

1. Crude death rate is defined as number of deaths per 1000 of population.

2. Estimated using 1976 census population figures as the denominator. SOURCE: 1) SEE TABLE 2.2, NORTHLAND POPULATION DISTRIBUTION AND GROWTH, YEARS 1971, 1976. 2) SEE TABLE 2.12, NORTHLAND, DEATHS: DOMICILE OF DECEASED BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES. TOTAL POPULATION AND MAORI POPULATION YEARS 1971, 1976, 1978.

Note: Further data on deaths, for example, by age and cause, are provided under Section 4, Health Status.

TABLE 2.14: PERSONS AGED FIVE YEARS ANDOVER CLASSIFIED BY USUAL RESIDENCE ON CENSUS NIGHT 1976 WITHIN STATISTICAL AREAS. AND BY USUAL RESIDENCE FIVE YEARS PRIOR TO CENSUS, BY SEX Usual Residents Five Yen" Prior to Census l9l6 -- -- Changed but I Ni . esidents - United I Othee Cosantritt U-- ;. Residence on Census Night I I Within I [Ia ettere I NoR Settled Pacilic Kingdom I I lnclud,ng I Ufldtfl9Od 0 I Australia Tots: 1976(,) I Subject ! Abode or Islands I and I Not Specif,ed Naw Zeelan I j Ireland Overseas - .1 L L. Percentages Males Nothlnrd 53.2 23.4 16.8 2.4 0.4 1.8 1.2 0.9 100.0

Tot,rf New Zcsfartd 51.4 29.2 10.9 2.5 0.7 2.6 1.4 1.2 100.0

Femalet Ntrthl,,,d 57.6 24.5 16.9 1.9 0.4 1.8 1.1 0.8 100.0

Total New Zeo?"rd 51.7 30.0 10.8 2.0 0.7 2.5 1.3 1.1 100.0 Total Northland 52.9 23.9 16.8 2.1 0.4 1.8 1.2 0.8 100.0 Tot ii Now Zealand 51.5 29.6 10,9 2.3 0.7 2.6 1.3 1.1 100.0

(t ) Excludes no settled abode or not specified.

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS. BULLETIN NO 22 INTERNAL MIGRATION TABLE 1.

TABLE 2.15 PERSONS USUALLY RESIDENT IN NEW ZEALAND ON CENSUS NIGHT 1976 WITHIN STATISTICAL AREAS,. CLASSIFIED BY AGE GROUPS AND USUAL RESIDENCE FIVE YEARS PRIOR TO CENSUS, BY SEX Usual Residence Five Years Prior to Census 1976 Movers moves NZ Overseas Maven Movers N.Z. Overseas Usual R d 0 from from Residents nd. no - Ccv u Nigh encn from from Residents Ind. no Uncl.anted within elsewhere No Settled Settled Abode Total Unchanged within elsewhere No Settled Settled Abed, Total and A GeeGroup (years) V art Statistical in Abode or or Not Statistical in Abode or or Not Ares New Zealand NaiSpecified Specified Area New Zealand NotSpeciiod Secifind Males Females Northland S.A. 5- 9 2,944 1,439 1,159 147 263 5.952 2,798 1,436 1,138 125 236 5,733 10-14 3,956 1,285 970 123 228 6,582 3,816 1,199 892 87 198 6,192 5- 14 6,900 2,724 2,129 270 491 12,514 6,614 2.635 2,030 212 434 11,925 15-19 2,994 1,216 650 129 121 5,110 2.523 1.435 600 101 103 4,762 20-24 1.101 1,311 786 191 116 3,505 548 1,552 1,088 135 170 3.493 15 -24 4,095 2,527 1,436 320 237 8.615 3,071 2,987 1,688 236 273 8,255 25-29 832 1.255 1,108 153 353 3,701 914 1,240 1,095 85 336 3,670 30-34 1,093 898 755 64 269 3.079 1.299 844 691 43 252 3,129 35-39 1,478 717 584 48 195 3,022 1,653 625 549 30 167 3,024 40-44 1.529 580 394 39 137 2.679 1,550 551 364 23 95 2,583 25-44 4.932 3,450 2,841 304 954 12,481 5,416 3,260 2.699 181 850 12,406 45-49 1,839 543 371 37 94 2,884 1,767 477 274 28 70 2,616 50-54 1,712 466 314 40 81 2,613 1,682 474 279 29 67 2,531 45 - 54 3.551 1,009 685 77 175 5,497 3,449 951 553 57 137 5,147 55 -59 1,476 421 294 31 45 2,267 1,504 442 298 29 48 2,321 60-64 1,471 404 283 40 61 2.259 1,405 378 241 35 74 2,133 65-69 1.202 290 169 35 42 1,738 1,217 267 139 37 40 1,700 55-69 4,149 1.115 746 106 148 6,264 4,126 1.087 678 131 162 6,154 70 and over 1.762 366 167 56 5 2,386 1,849 484 234 87 48 2,702 All Ages() 25,389 11.191 8,004 1,133 2.040 47,757 24.525 11,404 7.882 874 1,904 46,589 Males Females New Zealand 5- 9 75,617 50.852 19,379 3,109 9,927 158,884 72,958 48,913 18,400 2,759 9.282 152,312 10 - 14 99,644 38,681 15.091 2566 7.572 163,560 94,916 37,583 14.367 2,174 7,076 156,116 5 - 14 175,261 89,539 34,470 5,675 17.499 322.444 167,874 86.496 32,767 4,933 16,358 308,428 15 -- 87,416 37,725 17,835 3,715 5,446 152,137 73,953 45,357 18,913 2,673 5.450 146,346 20-24 36,010 53,712 24,483 5.579 9,408 129,192 18,948 65,455 27,537 4.032 10,266 126,240 15-24 123,426 91,437 42,318 9,294 14,854 281,329 92,901 110,812 46,450 6,705 15,718 272,586 25-29 22.407 58.392 22,111 5.156 15,664 123,730 26,535 55,467 21,567 3,055 15,765 122.389 30 - 34 32,579 38,221 13,957 2,692 12,026 99,475 39.659 33.630 12,973 1,532 10.205 97.999 35 -39 41,172 27,438 10,102 1,927 7,996 88,635 46,834 23,702 9,066 1,086 6,253 86,941 40-44 43,815 19,855 7.060 1,498 4,764 76.992 46,651 17,270 5,899 896 3,506 74,222 25-44 139,973 143,906 53,230 11,273 40,450 388.832 159.679 130,069 49,505 6,569 35.729 381.551 1,554 3,124 83,075 53,000 16,582 4,986 962 2,426 77,956 45-49 53.531 18,843 6,023 76,373 50 -54 52,628 16,181 4,756 1,461 2,056 77,082 52,907 16,246 4.337 1,000 1.883 10,779 3,015 5,180 160.157 105.907 32,828 9,323 1,962 4,309 154.329 45 -54 106,159 35,024 69,280 55-59 45,923 13,449 3,363 1,309 1,493 65,537 47,929 15,029 3,642 1,090 1,590 60-64 41,678 12,477 3,135 1,273 1.237 59,800 44,882 13,692 3,340 1.165 1,595 64,674 2,450 1,161 1,061 48,713 38,842 11,289 2,510 1,243 1,330 55,314 65 -69 34,477 9,564 189,268 55 -69 122.078 35,490 8.948 3,743 3,791 174,050 131,753 40,010 9,492 3,498 4,515 49,853 12,232 2,719 2,473 980 . 68,257 70,308 21,819 4,251 4,473 1,614 102.465 70 and ovcr 28,140 78,243 1,408,627 All Ages(: 1 716,750 407,628 152,464 35.473 82,754 1,395,069 728,422 422,034 151,788 (,)Etedrades no settled abode or not specified. (s) Excludes persons under 5 veers.

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN 22 INTERNAL MIGRATION, TABLE 9. SECTION 3 SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS

INTRODUCTION

"Health begins at home, at school, on the farm and in the factory. It is where people live and work that health is made or broken. People must grasp this fundamental understanding... " (1 p. 365) It was with this understanding of health that the Director-General of Health addressed the Royal Society of Health Conference in 1980 on the topic Health for all by the year 2000, and it is with this same multi- dimensional approach to health, where health planning goes beyond the confines of the health services per se, that much of the data covered in this section has been included.

Sometimes there is a clear and direct cause and effect relationship between social and economic characteristics and physical, mental and social wel11eing while in other situations the associations are more tenuous. The information presented is limited to that which is readily available and therefore some of the data can only be a rough indication of a situation which may exist. Thus while the inclusion of some of this material may be questioned, appearing tenuously related or even irrelevant to traditional planning in the health services, it is at least a positive experiment towards comprehensive planning for health.

The reasons for including the data selected for this section are three- fold. Firstly, they provide .a wide range of social and economic data which may be considered in health planning. Secondly, they can provide denominators for other data included in the handbook as well as that collected elsewhere. Thirdly, it is hoped that this information will also help to identify high risk populations in need of special consideration by the health services.

Some of the tables may be used individually to provide basic social and economic data as well as denominator information. For example, when considering the ability of a community to pay for a service or facility, the mean household income may be considered, or, when studying the incidence of accidents in a specific industry, the table on total number of persons engaged by type of industry can provide the denominator for the number of accidents.

However, when trying to identify high risk groups, research has increasingly found that a combination of variables has to be considered. Therefore a number of tables should be considered in relation to each other for example, "while high community instability (high recent mobility) alone does not necessarily identify high-risk populations, the combination of this dimention with poverty, overcrowding, non-standard housing, rented apartments in large complexes, and persons not in families would be indicative of populations with extremely high-risks of mental disability". (2 p. 34) One of the difficulties in attempting to identify high risk populations is the problem of disentangling the different elements as indicated in this quotation. 3/2

"It is difficult to disentangle the separate influence of particular elements in the general complex of social conditions, since these elements are all interdependent. Those who can afford an expensive house can also afford to be well fed and well clothed and by the same token are rarely in dirty or unhealthy occupations; they are usually well educated and know how to take care of their health. One condition implies all the others." (3 p. 119)

This whole complex relationship can be related to health. A New Zealand study found a highly significant association between social background and the utilisation of preventive health care.

The relationship between preventive health care utilisation rates and family social background was examined in a birth cohort of two-year-old children. There was a highly significant association between social background and the utilisation of preventive health care. Factors found to reduce preventive health care utilisation included : mother of non- European ethnic origin; single parent family; low maternal education; high residential mobility and large family size. Maternal age and family income were unrelated to health care utilisation when other variables were taken into account." (4 p. 53)

Keeping in mind the interrelationships that may exist, each of the subject areas in the section will be commented upon in greater detail.

Lifecycle/Lifestyle

Included under Lifecycle/Lifestyle are tables on household size and composition, marital status, decrees absolute granted, persons receiving social welfare benefits, children under the care and control of the Department of Social Welfare, number of ex-nuptial births and religious professions.

Much of this information is intended to be used as indicators of individuals or families under stress because people under stress tend to make greater demands upon the health services.

A number of studies in this area have been undertaken in the United States. A paper, Demographic and social indicators: uses in mental health planning in small areas, (2) reviews much of this work:

.it has been shown that data on marital status, living arrangements (ie whether living alone, with non-relatives or with family), and characteristics of the family, such as size and composition, presence or absence of spouse or one or both parents, bear a significant relation- ship to the rate at which persons of different ages come under psychiatric care." (2 p. 23) Research also indicates that these same variables have some influence on physical health status. One study went as far as to state that:

"...the single, most powerful predictor of stress-related physical as well as emotional illness is marital disruption (death of a spouse, divorce, or separation)." (5) 3/3

In areas with a concentration of high risk households, such local programmes and institutions as 24-hour emergency telephone answering services for persons in distress, community mental health programmes, citizens advice, child day care centres and youth centres, could be considered in planning social and mental health needs.

Ex-nuptial Births, Solo Parents

Ex-nuptial births as a proportion of total live births have risen steadily over the last decade until they account for one-fifth of all live births.

The increase in itself, or the number of ex-nuptial births in any year would not necessarily be of great concern to health planners, except that the term "ex-nuptial births" covers a variety of situations into which a child can be born, which seems to affect differently the subsequent health status of the child.

It is the group of single and/or solo women, who remain in a relatively unsupported situaIion and bring up the child (or more than one child) that may give cause for concern.

Two recent surveys (6) (7) found that of the ex-nuptial births investigated and located, 33 per cent and 40.4 per cent respectively remained with their mother who could be assumed to be in a solo situation. The others remained with the mother who was cohabitating with the father or were placed for adoption with relatives, or otherwise fostered our.

In New Zealand the Christchurch Child Development Study (8) has used the category of "single parent family" which includes ex-nuptial births to single mothers as well as separated, divorced and widowed parents bringing up their children. Results from this study suggest that children from single parent families are less likely to be immunised for the common diseases of infancy and early childhood; likely to receive less preventive infant nursing care; more likely to receive medical and/ or hospital care for respiratory illness; have an increased risk of accidents and burns and are more likely to arrive in hospital because of inadequate home circumstances.

The proportion of ex-nuptial births varies by localities. The different components of ex-nuptial births (those to cohabiting couples and those to single unsupported mothers) may also vary according to prevailing cultural norms. This may be something that planners and providers of health services in a region may wish to investigate, but they could start with ex-nuptial births and solo parents as indicators of a group in special need of particularly vigilant infant and child health services. 3/4

Education, Income, Occupation, Employment, Unemployment

The information presented on preschool education and care centres could also be included in an inventory. Playcentres, kindergartens and child care centres, can be used as a focal point for both childrens and mothers health, providing an opportunity for health education programmes as well as for selective clinical examinations and treatment. It is thought that a close relationship exists between health, social well- being, and cognitive development in children (9). Preschool education and day care centres provide an opportunity for such social and cognitive development. For women, these venues can also provide social and psychological support as well as enabling some women to rejoin the workforce.

Secondary and tertiary levels of education attended on the other hand, can be used more in association with income and occupation as an indicator of socio-economic class (10) (11) (12).

Several studies (4) (13) (14) have found that the middle class make greater use of preventive health services than the working class. The preventive services studied include, infants receiving immunisations and routine health examinations, mothers having an ante-natal examination, attending a family planning clinic or discussing birth control with their GP, and women screened for cervical cancer. In reviewing various British studies, Inequalities in health : report of a research working group stated, "taken together, and in the absence of conclusions to the contrary, a clear relationship between social class and the use of preventive services seems to have been demonstrated". (9 p. 107)

A relationship is also thought to exist between knowledge of illness, use of services and social class. "Knowledge of the nature of illness should enable people to use health services more effectively and appropriately. And what data there are suggest that the middle class are more knowledgeable than the working class." (13 p. 84)

A variety of other health factors also appear to be related to socio- economic class. These include a higher incidence of regular cigarette smokers among the lower socio-economic classes as well as a higher infant ( death rate.

A survey of perinatal mortality in New, Zealand in 1972-73 (15) showed that the lowest rate was for infants of administrative and managerial workers, while the highest rate (50 per cent higher) was for infants of production workers, transport equipment operators and labourers.

A study at Christchurch Hospital in 1972 (16) indicated that not only did lower socio-economic classes have significantly more drivers involved in accidents but the drinking drivers also came predominantly from these groups.

Generally, people in higher socio-economic classes have a slightly longer life expectancy than those in the lower socio-economic classes (9) (17) (18) (19) 3/5

The effects of occupation alone on health status can be difficult to measure. In many cases the direct effects of harmful of dangerous occupations are confused by the fact that for other reasons the workers may be more at risk because of their lower educational level, ethnic background or their general lifestyle. The high mobility of the work- force also makes it difficult to measure the ill effects of specific occupations.

The increasing number of women in the labour force has some important implications for health. o more and better child care and child health facilities are involved;

• an across the board increase may be needed in services for all ages that were previously traditionally provided by those women not formally employed in the workforce;

• it will probably expose women more to the occupational risks that men have experienced;

• a new perspective on health care may be developed as women increasingly attain positions of responsibility and influence not previously available to them;

• insofar as womens ill health is generated by their failure to find a satisfying career outside the home, their should be a compensating improvement as more women join the workforce.

There is a growing interest in the relationship between unemployment and health status. Unemployment is itself a symptom of economic recession which hits the majority of the population to some extent and those who become unemployed in particular.

Periods of economic recession are especially stressful to certain groups in the workforce and their dependents. Although they may not be unemployed for long periods they tend to remain in the group of least skilled, in the lower socio-economic classes, who are the first to lose their jobs and the last to get them back. Added to this group are school leavers who may be forced to wait long periods before entering the workforce.

Overseas studies (20) (21) now document a relationship between unemployment and poor health status. These studies show that unemployment is associated with physiological changes, accompanied by increased depression, irritability and loss of self-esteem among the unemployed, as well as increased psychiatric and physiological morbidity in the wives and children of the workers. Childrens school performance declines and their behaviour became disturbed, and marital relationships were often affected. Brenner, (22) the most prominent exponent of the relationship between unemployment and health status noted that this additional economic insecurity initially causes a breakdown of social and family structures and the adoption of habits that are harmful to health. These may be acute effects (eg suicide, homicide), or after a lag of a few years the appearance of chronic diseases. 3/6

Recent research (23) (24) has indicated that New Zealand findings are consistent with those of Brenner and others, but so far not as dramatic.

Offences Against the Law

Information from the Police, Justice and Social Welfare Departments regarding offences against the law can be an important source of information on the scope and need for mental health services since offenders and their families often constitute a high-risk population. Courts frequently refer their clients to psychiatric services for evaluation and sometimes treatment. In addition, courts often adjudicate in cases of family disruption and breakdown. In many cases they may be the first agency encountered by persons in need of emotional support and counselling services. Courts can play an important part in deterring continued criminal activities among young people by providing psychological eva1uationand other necessary services to troubled first offenders.

Housing

Along with various other factors covered earlier associated with socio- economic class, tenure, ie per cent of houses rented or leased as opposed to owned, has proved to be a useful indicator with reference to health status and the provision and use of health services. Areas of high rental housingare usually also areas of lower socio-economic class and high residential mobility and thus the problems associated with these factors. In a recent study (12) the percentage of rental housing in urban areas has proved to be one of the important variables explaining differential mortality patterns in adults and children in New Zealand. Two other New Zealand studies (7) (25) indicated that a high percentage of rental housing in association with other social and economic factors seemed to negatively affect the provision and use of maternal and infant care services.

In using information on tenure for planning, consideration could be given to new housing areas, especially when these include a high percentage of rentalhousing, so that adequate provision of health services is made at a reasonably early stage. Secondly, in established areas of rental housing, seririces could be organised in such a way as to meet the special needs of the community.

Household amenities information has been included for various reasons including the telephone as an indicator of the ability to contact services in cases of emergency, television as a means of transmitting health education programmes and other information as indicators of lifestyle.

Transport

Transport plays an important role in relation to the provision and utilisation of health services. Cognizance should be taken of the populations accessibility to transport, both on a local and regional level as difficulty in organising transport negatively effects the use of services. 3/7

A survey in Porirua in 1976 (26) indicated that about 40 per cent of the people throughout Porirua City had no access to a car when there was sickness in the family. It was also clear that people and especially women without transport, were a lot more likely to be worried over their sickness than people who have transport.

In planning the placement and timing of local community health services consideration should be given to the availability of cars per household and public bus or train services. For example, in areas where transport is a problem and in particular this may concern maternal and infant care services or those for the elderly, the increased provision of home visits or domicilIary care may be advisable.

Another example is hospital outpatient clinics which could consider transport timetables, especially when it may involve travel from far afield. Such timetables have not been included in the handbook and would need to be inserted at a regional level.

As well as the support which can be given by the health agencies to improved transport as a means of improving accessibility to health services, thy can also advocate such moves on the grounds of preventing the psychological ill-effects of suburban or rural isolation.

Religious Profession

Information on religious professions has been included because differences in attitude, beliefs and practices associated with different religious affiliations may affect such factors as fertility, cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption. Church affiliation may also be an indicator of possible social and psychological support which may be provided among church members. -

References

1. HIDDLESTONE, H.J.H. - Health for all by the year 2000 1 , in N.Z. Med J. - v. 91, no. 659 (14 May 1980) p. 364-366.

2. ROSEN, R.M., GOLDSMITH, H.F. and REDICK, R.W. - Demographic and social indicators : uses in mental health planning in small areas, in World Health Statistics Quarterly. - v. 32, no. 1 (1979) P. 11-101.

3. BENJAMIN, B. - Health and vital statistics. - London : Allen and Unwin, 1968.

4. FERGUSSON, D.M., et al. - Health care utilization in a New Zealand birth cohort, in Community Health Studies. - v. 5, no. 1 (1981) p. 53-60.

5. BLOOM, B.L. - Changing patterns of psychiatric care. - New York Human Science Press, 1975. 3/8

6. N.Z. Dept of Social Welfare. Research Section. - Ex-nuptial children and their parents a descriptive survey I D.O. ONeill et al ; Research Section, Dept of Social Welfare. Wellington Govt Print, 1976. - (Social Welfare research monograph ; no. 2)

7. BRIGGS, 1., ALLAN, B. - Maternal and infant care in Wellington 1978 A health care consumer study in replication. Wellington : Management Services and Research Unit, Dept of Health, 1982? - (Special report I NZ Dept of Health ; no. 61). (Forthcoming publication)

8. Christchurch Child Development Study. (Various publications). F.T. Shannon, D.M. Fergusson, L.J. Horwood and others.

9. GT BRIT. Working Group on Inequalities in health. - Inequalities in health report of a research working group. - London Dept of Health and Social Security, 1980. ( 10. ELLEY, W.B. and IRVING, J.C. - Revised socio-economic index for New Zealand, in N.Z. J. Educ. Studies. - v. 11 (1976) p. 25-36. 11. IRViNG, J.C. and ELLEY, W.B. - A socio-economic index for the female labour force in New Zealand, in N.Z. J. Educ. Studies. - v. 12 (1977) p. 154-163.

12. REINKEN, J. et al. - Unpublished research. - Management Services and Research Unit, Dept of Health : Wellington, 1982.

13. CARTWRIGHT, A., OBRIEN, M. - Social class variations in health care and in the nature of general practitioner consultations, in The Sociology of the NHS / edited by Margaret Stacey. - Keele : University of Keele, 1976. - (Sociological review monograph ; no. 22.)

14. SANSOM, C.D., WAKEFIELD, J., YULE, E. - Cervical cytology in the Manchester area : changing patterns of response, in Seek wisely to prevent : studies of attitudes and action in a cervical cytology programme by John Wakefield. - London : H.M.S.O., 1972. p. 151-9.

15. FOSTER, F.H. - Perinatal mortality in New Zealand 1972-73. - Wellington : National Health Statistics Centre, 1977. - (Special repert I NZ Dept of Health ; no. 50.) 16. HART, D. et al. - Christchurch traffic trauma survey : Part one, blood alcohol analysis, in N.Z. Med. J. - v. 81, no. 541 (11 June 1975) p. 503-7. 17. Mortality by income level in urban Canada. - Ottawa : Health Protection Branch, Ministry of National Health and Welfare, 1980.

18. HEENAN, L., MURRAY, D. - Health in mortality status of the West Coast population : 1969-72 1 , in N.Z. Med. J. - v. 85, no. 584 (23 Mar. 1977) p. 225-228. 3/9

19. BORMAN, B. et al. - Evidence of inequalities in health. (Unpublished paper presented at ANZSERCH / APHA Annual National Conference, Christchurch, N.Z., 1982.]

20. KASL, S.V., GORE, S., COBB, S. - The experience of losing a job reported changes in health, symptoms and illness behaviour, in Psychosomatic Medicine. - v. 37 (1975) p. 106-22.

21. FAGIN, L. - Unemployment and health in families. - London : Dept of Health and Social Security, 1981.

22. BRENNER, M.H. - Mental illness and the economy. - Cambridge, Mass. Harvard University Press, 1973.

BRENNER, M.H. - Mortality and the national economy a review and the experience of England and Wales, 1936-76 1 , in Lancet. - v. 2, no. 8142 (15 Sep. 1979) p. 568-573.

23. HOWELL, R.A. et al. - Fatal and non-fatal deliberate self harm in the Wellington region 1978 : a social analysis, in N.Z. Med. J. - v. 92, no. 674 (24 Dec. 1980) p. 468-71.

24. MACDONALD, M. et al. - Health consequences of unemployment : will effects of recent rises in New Zealand become apparent in national health statistics? - Wellington Clinical School of Medicine, 1981. (Unpublished)

25. SALMOND, G.C. - Maternal and. infant care in Wellington A health care consumer study - Wellington : Management Services and Research Unit, Dept of Health, 1975. - (Special report / NZ Dept of Health ; no. 45.)

26. REINKEN, 3., de LACEY, A., SALMOND, C.E. - Community attitudes to sickness and health : stimulus and response. - Wellington Management Services and Research Unit, Dept of Health, 1975. - 3 v. - (Special report / NZ Dept of Health ; no. 56.)

3/10

TABLES AND FIGURES

Lifecycle/Lifestyle Table 3.1 Northland statistical area, type of household by number of members, 1976. Table 3.2 : New Zealand, type of household by number of members, 1976.

Notes Amalgamation of household types used in the regional health data handbook, based on the 1976 census of population and dwellings. Table 3.3 Northland statistical area and New Zealand total, marital status by age group, year 1976. Table 3.4 Whangarei court and New Zealand total, decrees absolute granted, years 1977-1980. Map 3.1 Northland, Department of Social Welfare district boundaries, June 1980. ( Table 3.5a : Whangarei social welfare district, benefits and selected pensions in force at 31 March 1971 according to type of benefit or pension, and sex. Table 3.5b Whangarei social welfare district, benefits and selected pensions in force at 31 March 1976 according to type of benefit or pension, and sex. Table 3.5c : Whangarei social welfare district, benefits and selected pensions in force at 3]. March 1980, according to type of benefit or pension, And sex. Table 3.6 Whangarei social welfare district, children under the care and control of the department at 30 November 1979. Table 3.7 : Whangarei social welfare district, domestic purposes benefits (including emergency benefits) in force at 31 March 1980, according to sex, category of benefit, and number of dependent children. Table 3.8 Northland, ex-nuptial births and live births registered at each registration office, years 1971, 1976, 1978. Table 3.9 Northland, religious profssions by local authority, year 1976. Education Map 3.2 Northland, location of playcentres, kindergartens, and child care centres, July 1980. Table 3.10 : Northland, number of playcentres and roll numbers by local authority, as at 1 July 1976 and 1980. Table 3.11 Northland, number of kindergartens and roll numbers by local authority, as at 1 July 1976 and 1980. Table 3.12 : Northland, number of child care centres and maximum number of children permitted to attend by local authority, July 1980. Table 3.13 : Northland statistical area, education level attended by age group, year 1976. Table 3.14 : Northland statistical area, other tertiary education levels attended by age group, year 1976.

3/li Employment

Table 3.15a Northland, employment by industry - major divisions - persons 15 years and over by local authority, year 1971. Table 3.15b Northland, employment by industry - major divisions ,- persons 15 years and over by local authority, year 1976. Table 3.16 Northland statistical area, manufacturing - number of establishments by industry major group, number of persons engaged .by sex, and major users of personnel within each industry major group, for the year ended 31 March 1977. Table 3.17 New Zealand, manufacturing - number of establishments by industry major group, number of persons engaged by sex, and major users of personnel within each industry major group, for the year ended 31 March 1977. .Table 3.18a :• Northland, occupations - major groups - persons 15 years and over by local authority, year 1971. Table 3.18b : Northland, occupations - major groups - persons 15 years and over by local authority, year 1976. Figure 3.1 : Northland and New Zealand total, rate of workforce participation - total, male, female, married women, years 1961, 1966, 1971, 1976. Table 3.19 Northland and New Zealand total, rate of workforce participation - total, male, female, married women, years 1961, 1966, 1971, 1976. Table 3.20 : Whangarei employment district and New Zealand total, percentage of labour force registered unemployed, at the end of March and September, years 1978-1981. Table 3.21 Northland statistical area, number unemployed and per cent of labour force unemployed by sex by local authorities, year 1976. Table -3.22 Wbangarei employment district, age, sex and duration of the registered unemployed, at the end of September 1981. Table 3.23 New Zealand, age, sex and duration of the registered unemployed, at the end of September 1981. Table 3.24 : Northland, major construction projects planned for the decade 1981-1990. Figure 3.2 : Northland, duration of major construction projects (excluding electric power projects), years 1980-1990. Income Table 3.25 : Whangarei employment district and New Zealand total, average weekly earnings in surveyed industries as at February 1980. Figure 3.3 : Northland, average household income by local authorities and selected communities, year 1976. Table 3.26 : Northland, average household income by census area unit, year 1976. 3/12

Offences Against the Law Notes : Statistics of offences. Table 3.27 Whangarei Police district and New Zealand total, summary of statistics of offences, number and rate per 1,000 mean population, calendar year 1980. Table 3.28a Whangarei social welfare district, children and young persons court appearances finalised, in the year ended 31 December 1976, classified according to complaints and charges. Table 3.28b Whangarei social welfare district, children and young persons court appearances finalised, in the year ended 31 December 1979, classified according to complaints and charges. Table 3.29 Whangarei and Kaikohe district probation offices (combined figures) and New Zealand total, number of probation orders made by courts by age and sex i for the year ended 31 December 1980. Table 3.30 : Whangarei and Kaikohe district probation offices (combined figures) and New Zealand total, number released on probation, for the year ended 31 December 1980. Table 3.31 : Whangarei and New Zealand total, number attending residential and non-residential periodic detention centres, selected weekly return figures. Housing Table 3.32 : Northland, housing characteristics by local authority, year 1976. Table 3.33 : Northland, household amenities by local authority, year 1976. Transport /Tle 3.34 : Northland, households with motor cars by local authority, year 1971. (1971 data are low priority, 1981 data would be medium.)

Table 3.35 Northland, means of travel to work by local authority, year 1976. TABLE 3.1 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TYPE OF HOUSEHOLD BY NUMBER OF MEMBERS, 1976

HOUSEHOLDS WITH MEMBERS OF TOTAL ______TOTAL AV.NO . TYPE OF HOUSEHOLD HOUSE- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1 8 9 or HEM- MEM HOLDS more SERS HERS

Husband and Wife only 6,232 - 6,232 ------12,464 2.0

Husband and Wife plus 13,253 - 68 3,411 4,544 2,929 1,345 532 220 204 unmarried children 58,731 4.4

One parent plus 1,374 - 668 358 174 87 48 18 10 11 unmarried children 4,145 3.0

Family/Families plus 3,572 - 14 740 734 737 537 345 210 255 other person(s) 18,865 5.3

Hon-Family Households 1,553 358 900 198 69 19 7 1 1 1 3,183 2.0

One Person Households 3,379 3,379 ------3,379 1.0

Total Northland S.A. 29,363 1 3,737 1 7,882 4,707 5,521 3,772 1,937 895 441 471 100,767 3.4 C TABLE 3.2 NEW ZEALAND, TYPE. OF HOUSEHOLD BY NUMBER OF MEMBERS, 1976

HOUSEHOLDS WITH MEMBERS OF TOTAL ______- - TOTAL AV.NO . TYPE OF HOUSEHOLD HOUSE- 1 2 .3 4 5 6 7 8 9 or HEM- HEM- HOLDS more HERS HERS

Husband and Wife only 194,539 - 194,539 - - - - - 389,078 2.0

Husband and Wife plus 392,824 - 2,472 105,032 140,767 85,702 37,294 12,966 5,204 3,387 1,700,566 4.3 unmarried children

One Parent plus 47,449 - 23,688 12,826 6,284 2,794 1,115 432 189 121 137,343 2.9 unmarried children

Family/Families plus other person(s) 90,849 - 261 20,817 19,481 18,962 14,026 7,927 4,141 5,234 462,730 5.1

Non-Family Households 64,787 11,087 36,815 9,788 4,561 1,706 564 154 60 49 146,304 2.3

One Person Households 132,809 132,809 ------132,809 1.0

Total New Zealand 923,257 143,896 257,778 148,463 171,093 109,164 52,999 21,479 9,594 8,791 2,968,830 3.2

SOURCE: NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA 1. UNPUBLISHED INFORMATION FROM 1976 CENSUS. TABLE NO. REG B.24, AVAILABLE FROM POPULATION SECTION, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS, PRIVATE BAG, CHRISTCHURCH.

NEW ZEALAND 2. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN 19 HOUSEHOLDS, FAMILIES AND FERTILITY, TABLE 1. TYPE OF HOUSEHOLD BY NUMBER OF MEMBERS.

Note 1. The 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings Household Types, were based on the type of household as it existed on census night. We have amalgamated these as if all households were complete. Therefore, where persons are absent only temporarily the household has been classified as if they were present. However this procedure has resulted in average household sizes which differ from those published in the Census tables and which are generally slightly lower. For example, a household of husband and wife with one spouse temporarily absent on Census night would be classified in Bulletin No. 19, Table 1, as a one-person household. The present method classifies this household as husband and wife only is 2 persons. The categorization of household types used in the above tables is indicated in the following pages. 2. The above information is available for each local authority and subdivisions thereof. It has not been presented here but is available from the 1976 Census, Table No. Rag B 24, Household type by number of members, upon request to: Executive Officer, Population Section, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Christchurch. AMALGAMATION OF HOUSEHOLD TYPES USED IN THE REGIONAL HEALTH DATA HANDBOOK, BASED ON THE 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS

Stats Dept Code

(1) Husband and wife only 10 Husband and wife only (no absentees) 12 Husband and wife only (no children absent, other person(s) absent) 20 Husband and wife only (one or more children absent) 22 Husband and wife oply (one or more children absent, and other person(s) absent)

(2) Husband and wife plus 11 Husband and wife, plus unmarried unmarried children children (no absentees) 13 Husband and wife, plus unmarried children (no children absent, other person(s) absent) 21 Husband and wife, plus unmarried children (one or more children absent) 23 Husband and wife, plus unmarried children (one or more children absent, and other person(s) absent) 24 One parent, plus unmarried children (spouse temporarily absent) 26 One parent, plus unmarried children (one or more children and spouse temporarily absent)

(3) One parent plus unmarried children 25 One parent, plus unmarried children (no absentees) 27 One parent, plus inmarried children (one or more children absent, spouse permanently absent)

(4) Family/families plus 28 One parent, plus unmarried children (one other person(s) or more children, spouse and other person(s) temporarily absent) 30 One parent, plus unmarried children (no children absent, spouse and other persons temporarily absent) 29 One parent, plus unmarried children (one or more children, and other person(s) temporarily absent, spouse permanently absent) 31 One parent, plus unmarried children (no children absent, other person(s) temporarily absent, spouse permanently absent) 40 Husband and wife, unmarried children, plus other person(s) (with or without absentees) 41 Husband and wife, plus other person(s) (with or without absentees) 42 One parent, unmarried children, plus other person(s) (with or without absentees) 43 Two families only (no absentees) 44 Two families, (with absentees) 45 Two families, plus other person(s) (with or without absentees) 46 Three or more families, with or without other person(s) (no absentees) 47 Three or more families, with or without other person(s) (with absentees) (5) Non-Family Households 50 Relatives only (with or without absentees) 51 Persons not related (with or without absentees) 52 Related and not related persons Cwith or without absentees) 61 • one person household (related person(s) temporarily absent) 62 • one person household (non-related person(s) temporarily absent) 63 • one person household (related and non-related person(s) temporarily absent)

(6) One person households 60 1 Usually a one person household (no absentees) TABLE 3.3 : NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, MARITAL STATUS BY AGE GROUP, YEAR 1976

Note: N.M. Never Married; N. Married; L. Sep. Legally Separated; W. Widowed; D. Divorced. Totals include those cases where marital status was not specified.

AGE GROUP IN YEARS MARITAL STATUS SEX 16 - 24 25 - 44 45 - 64 65 - 74 75+ Total

NORTHLAND S .A. N.M. M 5,636 1,540 685 188 374 8,142 F 4,096 620 361 169 403 5,363 M. M 1,558 10,919 9,157 2,509 4,021 24,899 F 2,938 11,447 8,288 1,706 2,536 24,794 L. Sep N 23 228 144 31 53 437 F 73 307 126 23 35 535 W. and D. M 9 150 516 395 1,145 1,445 F 19 287 1,287 1,112 3,320 3,809 TOTAL M 7,236 12,857 10,519 3,129 5,609 34,981 F 7,132 12,667 10,083 3,016 6,310 34,545

NEW ZEALAND N.M. M 201,615 53,295 21,515 5,600 2,405 284,430 F 151,666 28,030 16,658 9,012 6,816 212,182 M. N 48,455 323,303 247,000 66,294 21,654 706,706 F 87,892 331,411 227,643 49,262 13,161 709,369 L. Sep M 1,248 9,233 5,380 969 277 17,107 F 3,191 12,234 5,467 820 226 21,938 W. and D. N 256 6,549 14,720 10,495 10,834 42,854 F 728 12,188 42,869 39,301 41,319 136,405 TOTAL M 252,293 394,131 289,798 83,631 35,361 1055,214 F 243,760 384,235 293,195 98,672 61,843 1081,705

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, VOLUME 2 AGES AND MARITAL STATUS, TABLE 16 MARITAL STATUS AND AGE GROUP BY STATISTICAL AREA.

Note 1. The above information is available for each local authority and subdivision thereof. It has not been presented here but is available from the 1976 Census, Table No. Reg B.4, Marital Status by employment status by age by sex, upon request to: Executive Officer, Population Section, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Christchurch.

2. Published information is available from the 1971 Census in: New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings 1971, Ages and Marital Status, Appendix to Volumn 2 - Table 20. Marital Status by age groups for geographic counties, administrative counties together with interior boroughs and independent town districts. TABLE 3 1 4 : WHANGAREI COURT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, DECREES ABSOLUTE GRANTED, YEARS 1977-1980

YEAR WHANGAREI COURT NEW ZEALAND TOTAL TOTAL DECREES TO TOTAL DECREES TO HUSBAND WIFE TOTAL HUSBAND WIFE TOTAL

1977 65 47 112 2,675 2,706 5,381

1978 48 69 117 2,866 2,906 5,772

1979 81 64 145 2,966 30135 6,101

1980 82 86 168 3,134 3,359 6,493

SOURCE: 1 JUSTICE STATISTICS 1977 AND 1978 PART A, TABLE 61 (AND 62) LOCATION OF SUPREME COURT REGISTRY BY GROUNDS FOR PETITION - 1977 (1978). PUBLISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS.

2 JUSTICE STATISTICS 1979, BULLETIN NO 1 DIVORCE, DOMESTIC PROCEEDINGS AND CIVIL ACTIONS. TABLE 3 LOCATION OF SUPREME COURT REGISTRY BY GROUNDS FOR PETITION. PUBLISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS.

3 JUSTICE STATISTICS 1980, BULLETIN NO 1 DIVORCE, DOMESTIC PROCEEDINGS AND CIVIL ACTIONS, TABLE 3 LOCATION OF HIGH COURT REGISTRY BY GROUNDS FOR PETITION. PUBLISHED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS.

MAP 311 : NORTHLAND, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE DISTRICT BOUNDARIES June 1980

•KAITAIA •Kaeo I

to fKa (awene .KAJKOHEIkw0 / Hokianga Heads :euys GAREI

9 DARGAVIL ream Tai I

Sub-district boundaries Whangarei district boundary •WeI

AUCKLAND

TABLE 3.5A WHANGAREI SOCIAL WELFARE DISTRICT, BENEFITS AND SELECTED PENSIONS IN FORCE AT 3]. MARCH 1971 ACCORDING TO TYPE OF BENEFIT OR PENSION, AND SEX

SOCIAL WELFARE OFFICE NORTHLAND N.Z. SEX TYPE OF BENEFIT RECEIVED TOTAL TOTAL WHANGAREI KAITAIA KAIKOHE DARGAVILLE

National Superannuation Total 7,435 - - - 7,435 249,096

Widows Total 589 - - - 589 15,899

DomesticPurposes F 100 15 11 10 136 4,432 (including emergency) Family Total 14,507 - - - 14,507 414,195

Invalids Total 389 - - 389 8,557

Sickness N 93 42 21 15 171 3,940 (including emergency) F 56 11 13 10 90 2,366 Unemployment N 41 16 18 4 79 497 (including emergency) F 37 7 16 2 62 218 Other Benefits Total 17 - - - 17 410

TOTAL BENEFITS TOTAL 23,264 91 79 41 23,475 699,610

TYPE OF PENSION RECEIVED War Disablement Total 879 - - - 879 25,477 War Widows Total 101 - - - 101 5,255

1 In 1971 only females were eligible for Domestic Purposes Benefit. Refer Map 3.1, for the Department of Social Welfare district and sub-district boundaries. Refer footnotes Table c. SOURCE: REFER TABLE C.

TABLE 3,5B WHANGARE! SOCIAL WELFARE DISTRICT BENEFITS AND SELECTED PENSIONS IN FORCE AT 31 MARCH 1976 ACCORDING TO TYPE OF BENEFIT OR PENSION AND SEX

SOCIAL WELFARE OFFICE NORTHLAND N.Z. SEX TYPE OF BENEFIT RECEIVED TOTAL TOTAL WHANGABEI KAITAIA KAIKOHE DARGAVILLE

9,529 - - - 9,529 National Superannuation F 3 176,568_ 16,726 Widows Total 697 - - - 697 427 Domestic Purposes N 8 6 9 - 23 22,575 (including emergency) F 421 82 68 1 29 600 463,006 Family Total 16,331 - - - 16,331

448 - - - 448 Invalids F } 4,461 232 5,599 Sickness N 119 67 29 17 100 3,438 (including emergency) F 51 34 9 6 299 2,734 Unemployment N 219 58 5 17 283 2,393 (including emergency) F 210 39 14 20 Other Benefits Total 14 - - - 14 452 28,556 827,494 TOTAL BENEFITS TOTAL 28,047 286 134 89

TYPE OF PENSION RECEIVED 1 - 788 23,418 War Disablement Total 788 - - - 119 5,211 War Widows Total 119 - -

No breakdown of War Pensions by district is available for March 1976. The figures given relate to 31 December 1975. Refer Map 3.1, for the Department of Social Welfare district and sub-district boundaries. Refer footnotes Table c. SOURCE: REFER TABLE C. TABLE 3.5c WHANGAREI SOCIAL WELFARE DISTRICT, BENEFITS AND SELECTED PENSIONS IN FORCE AT 31 MARCH 1980, ACCORDING TO TYPE OF BENEFIT OR PENSION, AND SEX

SOCIAL WELFARE OFFICE NORTHLAND N.Z. TYPE OF BENEFIT RECEIVED SEX WRANGAREI KAITAIA KAIKOHE DARGAVILLE TOTAL TOTAL

M 175,837 National superannuation 13,235 - - -13,235 F J 229,997 Widows Total 717 - - - 717 16,120 Domestic Purposes N 68 - - - 68 1,414 (including emergency) F 1,161 - - - 1,161 35,626 Family Total 16,615 - - - 16,615 460,897 M 376 - - - 376 9,150 Invalids F 211 - - - 211 6,497 Sickness M 113 45 23 11 192 4,523 (including emergency) F 66 23 18 7 114 2,981 Unemployment N 760 165 221 14 1,160 12,468 (including emergency) F 372 90 105 15 582 8,382 Other Benefits Total 29 - - - 29 434

TOTAL BENEFITS TOTAL 33,723 323 367 47 34,460 964,326 TYPE OF PENSION RECEIVED i t War Disablement Total 804 - - - 804 22,431 War Widows Total 1 122 - - - 122 4,915 Notes: I. NO sex oreaiaowns are avaiiaoie ror Age benetits or Natl.onai Superannuation by district. 2. No sex breakdowns are available for Invalids Benefits prior to 1960. 3. The figures for War Widows are the total numbers of Dependents of Deceased Members. Approximately 2% of these are not widows. Widows cannot be distinguished from other dependents in district break- downs. 4. War Disablement Pension figures include police pensions as it is not possible to distinguish them in district breakdowns. 5. - Data not available. For various benefits and pensions figures are available only for the district as a whole ie from Whangarei District Office. The Sickness and Unemployment benefit figures indicate the number of people who registered at each Social Welfare Office within the district. Refer Map 3.1, for the Department of Social Welfare district and sub-district boundaries. SOURCE: WHANGAREI DISTRICT STATISTICS UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE, READ OFFICE, PRIVATE BAG 21, POSTAL CENTRE, WELLINGTON 1. NEW ZEALAND REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH, 1971, 1976, 1980. TABLE 3.6 WHANGAREI SOCIAL WELFARE DISTRICT, CHILDREN UNDER THE CARE OF THE DEPARTMENT AT 30 NOVEMBER 1979

N.Z. NORTHLAND TOTAL I TOTAL WBANGAREI I KAITAIA KAII(OHE

TOTAL 7,031 j72 177 150 45 PERCENT 100.0 100.0 I 100.0 I 100.0 100.0 (A) REASONS FOR BEING PLACED IN CARE - Children under placed guardianship of the Director General by Court 5,968 300 142 119 39 order. Percent 84.9 80.6 80.2 79.3 86.7 by Children placed under control virtue of an agreement with 607 54 19 29 6 parents. Percent 8.6 14.5 10.7 19.3 13.3 Children on Court remand, post- 456 18 16 2 ponents, warrant etc. Percent 6.5 4.8 9.0 1.3

TOTAL 7,031 372 177 150 45 PERCENT 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

(B) PLACEMENT OF CHILDREN -

In foster homes 2,890 262 117 115 30 Percent 41.1 70.4 66.1 76.7 66.7 Placed with parents for trial period 969 25 13 7 5 Percent 13.8 6.7 7.3 4.7 11.1 by Living with and supported 184 9 7 2 relatives Percent 2.6 2.4 4.0 1.3

In employment (excluding those with 687 37 15 16 6 relatives etc). Percent 9.8 9.9 8.5 10.7 13.3 In residential colleges 172 3 I 2 Percent 2.4 .8 .6 4.4 In Social Welfare short stay homes 407 4 3 I Percent 5.8 1.1 1.7 .7 In Social Welfare family homes 776 27 16 9 2 Percent 11.0 7.3 9.0 6.0 4.4 In private institutions 427 5 5 Percent 6.1 1.3 2.8 In Social Welfare national 349 institutions Percent 5.0 Other forms of placement 170 Percent 2.4

TOTAL 7,031 372 177 150 45 PERCENT 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0

- Data not available. 1 Children are counted by the district where they are living at the 30th November. Those in national institutions at that date have their district recorded as the name of the institution. Refer Map 3.1, for the Department of Social Welfare district and sub-district boundaries. SOURCE: STATISTICS UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE, HEAD OFFICE, PRIVATE BAG 21, POSTAL CENTRE, WELLINGTON 1.

TABLE 3.7 WHANGAREI SOCIAL WELFARE DISTRICT, DOMESTIC PURPOSES BENEFITS (INCLUDING EMERGENCY BENEFITS) IN FORCE AT 31 MARCH 1980, ACCORDING TO SEX, CATEGORY OF BENEFIT, AND NUMBER OF DEPENDENT CHILDREN

SOLO PARENTS BY NUMBER OF CHILDREN CARE OF WOMAN SOCIAL WELFARE 6 NUMBER OF SICK OR TOTAL ALONE OFFICE 1 2 3 4 5 OR CHILDREN INFIRM BENEFITS MORE INCLUDED

NORTHLAND M 26 16 9 4 4 2 61 134 7 - TOTAL F 514 319 126 61 22 6 1,048 1,920 26 87

M 464 434 240 118 44 25 1,325 2,900 89 - HZ TOTAL F 16,486 9896 4452 1715 483 202 33,234 60,173 354 2038

SOURCE: WRANGAREI DISTRICT STATISTICS UNIT • DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE, HEAD OFFICE, PRIVATE BAG 21, POSTAL CENTRE, WELLINGTON 1. NEW ZEALAND REPORT OF THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 1980.

TABLE 3.8 : NORTHLAND, EX-NUPTIAL BIRTHS AND LIVE BIRTHS REGISTERED AT EACH REGISTRATION OFFICE. YEARS 1971, 1976, 1978

1971 1976 1978 REGISTRATION OFFICE TOTAL EX-NUPTIAL TOTAL EX-NUPTIAL TOTAL EX-NUPTIAL BIRTHS BIRTHS BIRTHS BIRTHS BIRTHS BIRTHS

Awanui 6 2 - - - - Dargaville 197 22 197 25 162 24 Herekino 4 - 6 3 5 - Hikurangi 47 4 29 1 14 2 Kaeo 1 43 11 38 12 38 16 Kaikohe 189 33 145 32 143 38 Kaitaia 222 23 213 35 237 53 Kaiwaka 20 2 18 3 10 3 Kawakawa 156 30 147 32 136 32 p Kerikeri Central 24 4 39 6 41 4 Kohukohu 10 1 11 4 14 4 Mangainuka ------Mangonui 11 5 5 1 7 1 Maungaturoto 41 2 29 2 22 - Okaihau 13 2 11 1 13 4 Panguru I 4 - - - - - Paparoa 27 1 12 1 12 1 Pipiwai 1 1 - - - - Rawene 26 4 18 6 22 7 Ruawai I 34 - 26 1 25 4 Russell 5 - 8 2 8 2 TeHapua 3 - - - - - Te Kopuru 22 2 9 2 8 - Waima H 1 - - - - - Waiotemarama 7 - - - - - Waipu 16 - 22 1 27 - Whangarei 917 121 871 157 851 185 TOTAL NORTHLAND S.A. 2,046 270 1,854 327 1,795 380 TOTAL NEW ZEALAND 64,460 8,981 55,105 9,597 51,029 10,254

SOURCE (1) NEW ZEALAND VITAL STATISTICS 1971, TABLE 2. BIRTHS, DEATHS AND MARRIAGES REGISTERED AT EACH REGISTRATION OFFICE. (2) NEW ZEALAND VITAL STATISTICS 1975 AND 1976, TABLE 2. LIVE BIRTHS BY REGISTRATION OFFICE, SEX, AND ETHNIC ORIGIN OF CHILD, AND TABLE 3 1 EX-NUPTIAL LIVE BIRTHS AND STILL BIRTHS BY REGISTRATION OFFICE AND SEX. (3) NEW ZEALAND VITAL STATISTICS 1978, TABLE 2. LIVE BIRTHS BY REGITRATION OFFICE, SEX AND ETHNIC ORIGIN OF CHILD, AND TABLE 3 EX-NUPTIAL LIVE BIRTHS, MULTIPLE LIVE BIRTHS AND STILL BIRTHS BY REGISTRATION OFFICE AND SEX.

TABLE 3.9 NORTHLAND, RELIGIOUS PROFESSIONS BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, YEAR 1976

LOCAL AUTHORITY ANGLICAN PRESBY- ROMAN METHODIST BAPTIST RATANA LATTER DAY OTHER NO RELIGION TOTAL (CHURCH OF TERIAN CATHOLIC SAINTS SPECIFIED OBJECT TO STATE POPULATION ENGLAND) (MORMON) RELIGIONS AND NOT SPECIFIED

Mangonui County 2,974 623 1.056 325 95 602 56 719 1,284 7,734 Kaitaia Borough 1,578 430 702 223 73 162 17 434 624 4,243 Whangaroa County 595 132 329 195 6 150 14 277 370 2,068 Hokianga County 1,129 156 1,092 571 25 190 139 339 710 4,351 Bay of Islands Co. 5,958 1,517 1,816 1,251 107 614 816 1,578 2,966 16,623 Kaikohe Borough 1,079 523 368 261 58 194 309 232 543 3,567 Whangarei County 4.874 2,754 1,821 824 309 199 465 1,505 3,092 15,843 Whangarei City 10,301 5,211 4,427 2,089 771 696 917 3,812 6,757 34,981 Hikurangi T.D. 323 166 142 159 5 28 62 89 200 1,174 Hobson County 1,714 718 760 551 63 158 28 476 889 5,357 Dargaville Borough 1,387 606 716 423 49 116 54 465 743 4,559 Otamatea County 2,055 746 679 551 57 273 38 790 1,054 6,243 NORTHLAND S.A. 34,004 13,594 13,938 7,423 1,619 3,382 2,916 10,764 19,373 107,013

NEW ZEALAND 915,202 566,569 478,530 173.526 49,442 35,082 36,130 j 295,800 579,102 3,129,383

SOURCE 1 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN NO. 3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 11 RELIGIOUS PROFESSIONS. 2 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS • BULLETIN NO. 12 NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SUMMARY, TABLE 11 RELIGIOUS PROFESSIONS. MAP 3.2 NORTHLAND; LOCATION OF PLAYCENTRES , KINDERGARTENS

AND CHILD CARE CENTRES, JULY 1980

TABLE 3.10 : NORTHLAND, NUMBER OF PLAYCENTRES AND ROLL NUMBERS BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, AS AT 1 JULY 1976 AND 1980

NAME OF PLAYCENTRE NO • OF PLAYCENTRES BY LOCAL AUTHORITY BY LOCAL AUTHORITY NO • ON ROLL NO. ON ROLL 1976 1980 1976 1980 M F M F

MANGONUI COUNTY TOTAL 4 7 35 42 81 75

AwanUi 7 11 7 8 Eastern (Penã) 9 8 15 15 lierekino - - 14 12 Houhora 14 13 16 14 Te Hapua - - 13 9 TeKao - - 11 6 Waiharara 5 10 5 11

KAITAIA BOROUGH TOTAL 2 3 33 21 53 25

Kaitaia 17 9 20 8 Pa Arapeta - - 15 9 Pamapunia 16 12 18 8

WHPINGAROA COUNTY TOTAL 1 1 36 30 32 28

Kaeo 36 30 32 28

HCKIANGA COUNTY TOTAL 7 9 81 81 87 81

Broadwood 10 13 10 11 Karatia 13 6 10 4 Kohukohu 9 11 8 9 Omapere 17 18 13 14 Pawarenga - - 9 6 Rawene 15 18 13 11 Utakura 6 5 6 9 Wekaweka - - 14 14 Whininaki 11 10 4 3

BAY OF ISLANDS COUNTY TOTAL 11 ii- 225 224 230 216

Kawakawa 37 37 36 39 Kerikeri 47. 51 81 63 Matawaia 10 5 5 7 Moerewa 53 44 44 37 MOtatau 6 4 11 9 Ohaewai. 8 11 5 4 Okaihau 10 17 19 23 Otaua 4 6 3 7 Pahia/Waitangi 23 17 11 10 Russell 20 23 13 12 Te Ahuahu/Waimate North 7 9 2 5

KAIKOHE BOROUGH TOTAL - - - - -

WHANGAREI COUNTY TOTAL 11 12 158 184 175 175

Hukerenui 17 10 11 10 Mangapai 12 18 16 16 Marsden Point, 32 29 31 37 Maungakaramea 15 13 17 14 Pakotai. 18 11 7 10 Parua Bay 12 11 21 9 Purua - - 6 3 Ruatangata 4 10 8 9 Titoki 12 21 25 20 Waikiekie 14 16 9 10 Waipu 22 22 9 27 Whangarei Heads - 24 15 10

TABLE 3.10 : CONTINUED -

NAME OF PLAYCENTRE NO. OF PLAYCENTRES BY LOCAL AUTHORITY BY LOCAL AUTHORITY NO. ON ROLL NO. ON ROLL 1976 1980 1976 1980 M F M F

WHANGAREI CITY TOTAL - 7 7 196 186 191 189

Horahora 19 17 21 18 Kamo East 11 3 14 12 Maungatapere 21 18 20 18 Onerahi 39 46 48 51 Otangarei 39 44 18 20 Sherwood 14 14 25 30 Tikipunga 53 44 45 40

HIKURANGI T.D. TOTAL ------

HOBSON COUNTY TOTAL 5 7 51 59 76 79

Aranga 9 4 12 10 Arapohue 10 6 12 10 Kaihu Valley 15 13 18 15 Pauto 9 16 7 5 Tangowahine - - 10 9 TeKopuru 8 20 13 23 Tutantoe - - 4 7

DARGAVILLE BOROUGH TOTAL 1 1 21 17 5 20

Dargaville 21 17 5 20

OTAMATEA COUNT! TOTAL 3 3 71 62 71 78

Kaiwaka 26 21 16 20 Maungaturoto 29 29 43 45 Paparoa 16 12 12 13

TOTAL NORTHLAND 52 61 907 906 1,001 966

TOTAL NEW ZEALAND 698 684 11,695 11,106 8,515 7,933

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA FROM RESEARCH AND STATISTICS SECTION, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, PRIVATE BAG, WELLINGTON

Note: Refer Map 3.2, Northland, Location of Playcentres, Kindergartens and Child Care Centres, July 1980. TABLE 3.11 NORTHLAND, NUMBER OF KINDERGARTENS AND ROLL NUMBERS BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, AS AT I JULY 1976 AND 1980

NAME OF KINDERGARTEN NO. OF KINDERGARTENS NO. ON ROLL NO. ON ROLL BY LOCAL AUTHORITY 1976 1980 1976 1980 M F M F

MANGONUI COUNTY TOTAL ------

KAITAIA BOROUGH TOTAL 2 3 75 85 79 120

Ann West 42 38 31 50 Doubtless Bay K - - 11 27 Mission Place K 33 47 37 43

WHANGAROA COUNTY TOTAL ------

HOKIANGA COUNTY TOTAL ------

BAY OF ISLANDS COUNTY TOTAL - 1 - - 19 21

Pahia/Waitangi K - - 19 21

KAIKOHE BOROUGH TOTAL 2 2 73 68 69 66

Hillcrest K 50 30 40 38 Mangakahia K 23 38 29 28

WHANGAREI COUNTY TOTAL ------

WHANGAREI CITY TOTAL 7 9 255 247 331 291

Forest View K - - 40 36 Horahora K 40 33 41 39 KanoK 32 45 48 36 Mairtown K 38 42 49 33 Onerahi K - - 34 28 Portland K 17 17 19 19 Riverside K 44 34 23 25 Rualnanga K 43 37 47 32 Tikipunga K 41 39 30 43

HIKURANGI T.D. TOTAL 1 1 27 23 32 22

Parkva].e K 27 23 32 22

HOBSON COUNTY TOTAL ------

DARGAVILLE BOROUGH TOTAL 1 2 37 43 77 63

Dargaville K 37 43 30 32 Selwyn Park K - - 47 31

OTAX4ATEA COUNTY TOTAL 1 1 30 24 25 21

Ruawal K 30 24 25 21

TOTAL NORTHLAND 13 19 497 490 632 604

TOTAL NEW ZEALAND 17,230 16,845 20,005 19,069 424 L524

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA FROM RESEARCH AND STATISTICS SECTION, HEAD OFFICE, DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION, PRIVATE BAG, WELLINGTON

Note: Refer Map 3.2, Northland, Location of Playcentres, Kindergartens and Child Care Centres, July 1980. TABLE 3.12 : NORTHLAND, NUMBER OF CHILD-CARE CENTRES AND MAXIMUM NUMBER OF CHILDREN PERMITTED TO ATTEND BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, JULY 1980

NAME OF CHILD CARE CENTRE NO. OF CHILD MAXIMUM NO. PERMITTED BY LOCAL AUTHORITY CARE CENTRES TO ATTEND

MANGONUI COUNTY TOTAL - -

KAITAIA BOROUGH TOTAL 1 14 I.H.C. Day Care Centre 14

WHP1NGAROA COUNTY TOTAL - -

HOKIPiNGA COUNTY TOTAL - -

BAY OF ISLANDS COUNTY TOTAL - -

KAIKOHE BOROUGH TOTAL - -

WHANGAREI COUNTY TOTAL - -

WHANGAREI CITY TOTAL 3 70 St Nicholas Pre-School Special Care Centre 25 St Johns Child Care Centre 20 Whangarei thud Care Centre 25

HIKURANGI T.D. TOTAL - -

HOBSON COUNTY TOTAL - -

DARGAVILLE BOROUGH 2 40 Dargaville Creche 20 Memorial Park thud Care 20 Centre

OTAMATEA COUNTY TOTAL - -

TOTAL NORTHLAND 6 124

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA FROM COMMUNITY SERVICES SECTION, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE, PRIVATE BAG, WELLINGTON. Note: Refer Map 3.2, Northland, Location of Playcentres, Kindergartens and Child Care Centres, July 1980.

TABLE 3.13 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, EDUCATION LEVEL ATTENDED BY AGE GROUP, YEAR 1976

tdeny Pnhnoov 50000dary Secondary Other Starlst.al Am Seogedety u. School Sc, Technoai School. ufl T.onno.Itture Cotnb,c.yon. Too] Not So.atSd 1.1.Z. go-4-Irsioun. Call... lnttttutt t.to..i.. tattoo. Education College C°"°° I I I I I I Northland 15-19 131 81784 32 3 - 7 505 4 30 - - 9497 20-24 192 5.648 232 35 6 177 682 19 252 - 4 - 1.247 25-44 2.492 78,522 1.117 131 31 591 1.446 95 1.108 - 20 1 25.524 45 -84 9,927 8.620 667 60 9 259 474 SI 359 1 :25 8 20.602 65andoner 6.302 2.181 190 9 1 88 is 2 729 4 57 5 9.032 Total 19,074 43,755 2,238 238 47 7.122 3.782 lii 1,909 3 211 72 71.902

Total New Zealand 15-19 2.365 243,462 13.716 791 101 2,227 34.687 226 3.022 - 140 - 300.737 20-24 4,394 170,237 25.247 3.944 534 1,698 39.348 739 7,281 4 145 4 259.575 25-44 43.887 549,905 48,290 10,051 1.505 78,094 76,393 3.120 25.871 18 7,212 20 776.366 45-64 239.475 268.857 23,752 3.309 587 7.673 22,472 1,051 9.426 735 6.181 75 582.993 65 and over 76.804 7.768 454 100 3.059 3.285 133 3,137 143 2.812 102 279.507

Total 472.431 1.309,2 118,172 18.549 2,827 38.751 178.185 9.259 48.737 300 10.490 201 2.201.178

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS. BULLETIN 20, EDUCATION AND TRAINING. TABLE 1 EDUCATION LEVEL ATTENDED BY AGE GROUP FOR STATISTICAL AREAS.

-

TABLE 3.114 : NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, OTHER TERTIARY EDUCATION LEVELS ATTENDED (1) BY AGE GROUP, YEAR 1976

NI Mooc, Un,00,siyy Aflendeens. I Dantol Atoned I P0I0 Otorn,. Eccooston 00,cr to Nurotog Port.. Troin,na Cotitor j b00m0lresninp Profwelon.4 I Botinass I or Cu,,t,000d. I .ndAgeotonp I I I . tootroono I College Typing I once I tc.c.A. Tert,ta Total Schoollloly School School dci etc. 121 lr.,oicg spedfied Se"l School School I J S0000l Court. No,dnlac.d 15-79 9.036 248 5 5 1 6 12 I 4 19 3 3 - 59 35 9.497 20-24 6,768 238 33 2 3 8 75 5 9 24 1 7 1 34 41 7,247 25-44 24,074 536 85 39 20 57 218 36 42 68 31 31 12 132 37 25,524 45-64 19,950 251 20 21 5 35 71 25 24 47 23 23 24 38 45 20.602 SS .no ooer 6,944 26 - 6 - 9 6 1 4 12 4 t 7 3 9 9.032 Total 68,772 7,299 133 73 29 77? 442 68 83 770 62 65 50 266 268 77.902 Total New Zealand 15- 19 285,715 5.901 459 1.537 252 103 1.565 131 144 590 451 334 60 1815 1,444 300.717 20-24 239,451 8,570 871 1,516 703 527 2.188 231 375 878 437 408 210 1.613 1 633 259.575 25-44 18,157 2,149 3,008 1.409 2.301 5.680 1,254 726.203 2.660 3,238 1,375 1,134 1.052 4.592 4.154 778 269 318 1,512 1,760 559.564 8,212 606 1,015 563 1,338 1,877 1,106 593 1.054 1.953 1,514 562.993 45 and over . 276,174 9 461 707 969 50 140 68 194 260 216 114 312 337 84 279.507 Tore! 2.087.048 47.809 2.697 4.909 4.102 7.276 17.600 2,247 4.774 6,753 3.615 Z558 2.713 10.252 3.926 2201,778 (I P.r.on1 woo tepotned .eeweg onowee ewe wee edge TweS0m.ogeeet 05.4 how ..ee elge.dg to ate tint level .ge.d. I) No, hothy ot._.

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN 20 EDUCATION AND TRAINING, TABLE 2 OTHER TERTIARY EDUCATION LEVELS ATTENDED BY AGE GROUPS FOR STATISTICAL AREAS.

Note: Further information on highest post-primary places of learning attended for males and females 15 years and over for Northland Local Authorities and subdivisions thereof is available in: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin 3 Northland Statistical Area, Table 10 Highest Post Primary Places of Learning. Attended - Males and Females 15 years and over.

TABLE 3.15A : NORTHLAND, EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY - MAJOR DIVISIONS - PERSONS 15 YEARS AND OVER BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, YEAR 1971

SE RV ICES COMMERCE TRANS- FINANCE, AGRI- MINING ELEC- (INCL) PORT, COMMUNITY, NSURP.NCF CULTURE, AND MANU- TRICITY, CONST- HOTELS STORAGE, SOCIAL, & TOTAL LOCAL AUTHORITY SEX AND ACTIVELY FORESTRY, QUARRY- FACTUR- GAS AND RUCTION AND RES- AND PERSONAL BUSINESS ENGAGED ETC 1MG ING WATER TAURANTS COMMUNI- SERVICES CATION SERVICES

M 878 28 131 17 198 155 114 22 134 1,742. Mangonui County F 143 - 37 - 7 117 29 24 125 512 T 1,021 28 168 17 205 272 143 46 259 2,254 M 73 9 97 14 152 181 114 57 156 865 Kaitaia Borough F 9 2 34 1 6 136 23 36 178 435 T 82 11 131 15 158 317 137 93 334 1,300

K 221 13 52 - 37 33 32 3 47 444 Whangaroa County F 25 - 9 - 1 38 12 2 53 151 F 246 13 61 - 38 71 44 5 100 595

H 559 1 72 - 113 55 55 11 83 1,011 Hokianga County F 50 - 9 - - 53 16 4 118 277 T 609 1 81 - 113 108 71 15 201 1,288 K 1,125 27 1,065 34 307 359 316 68 353 3,714 Bay of Islands F 176 1 76 4 13 384 103 44 401 1,258 County T 1,301 28 1,141 38 320 743 419 112 754 4,972 M 54 1 177 42 116 162 98 39 I 123 818 Kaikohe Borough F 5 - 13 6 7 120 29 24 124 339 1 59 1 190 48 123 282 127 63 247 1,157 K 1,855 28 491 109 361 250 238 55 271 3,689 whangarei County F 381 1 96 2 10 244 68 53 264 •1,150 T 2,236 29 587 111 371 494 306 108 535 4,839 H 264 56 1,746 111 1,407 1,501 1,033 489 1,234 7,946 whangarei City F 44 1 322 6 59 1,024 181 337 1,333 3,374 F 308 57 2,068 117 1,466 2,025 1,214 826 2,567 11,320

H 25 5 84 5 37 33 32 4 29 255 Hikurangi ITO F - - 21 - 2 35 11 6 17 95 F 25 5 105 5 39 68 43 10 46 350 H 1,088 6 81 7 100 73 51 12 93 1,522 Hobson County F 189 - 23 6 2 65 15 18 119 445 F 1,277 6 104 13 102 138 66 30 212 1,967 M 99 18 209 48 206 195 90 46 170 1,093 Dargaville Borough F 5 - 49 8 10 145 34 29 178 465 F 104 18 258 56 216 340 124 75 348 1,558 K 1,087 17 172 14 137 102 92 24 121 1,779 Otamatea County F 181 - 61 4 - 76 43 15 115 504 F 1,268 17 233 18 137 178 135 39 236 2,283

M 7,328 209 4,377 401 3,171 3,099 2,265 830 2,814 24,878 TOTAL F 1,208 5 750 37 117 2,437 564 592 3,025 9,005 V 8,536 214 5,127 438 3,288 5,536 2,829 1,422 5,839 33,883

TOTAL NORTHLAND M 7,339 209 4,384 401 3,174 3,100 2,565 831 2,833 25,222 S.A. F 1,208 5 750 37 117 2,438 566 592 3,025 9,008 T 8,547 214 5,134 438 3,291 5,538 3,131 1,423 5,858 34,230

M 110,665 5088 207,089 12,106 90,671 117,237 84,863 37,811 110,883 784,969 TOTAL NEW ZEALAND F 18,229 177 74,022 1,168 3,017 81,078 18,320 26,963 105,640 333,866 T 128,894 5265 281,110 13,273 93,688 198,315 103,181 54,774 216,527 1,118,835

Includes persons not classifiable Kawakawa I.T.D. included in Bay of Islands. This may exceed the local authority total because it includes shipboard population and extra-county islands.

SOURCE: 1. 1971 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS SUPPLEMENT NO. 1 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 7 EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY-MAJOR DIVISIONS, PERSONS 15 YEARS AND OVER.

2. NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1971 NEW ZEALAND SUMMARY, TABLE 7 EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY-MAJOR DIVISIONS - PERSONS 15 YEARS AND OVER.

TABLE 3.15B : NORTHLAND, EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY - MAJOR DIVISIONS - PERSONS 15 YEARS AND OVER BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, YEAR 1976

SERVICES AGRIC- WHOLESAL] rRANS- ______MINING ELEC- & RETAIL PORT EINANCE, ULTURE, TOTAL SEX HUNTING, AND MANUFAC TRICITY CONST- TRADE & STORAGE, INSURANCE LOCAL AUTHORITY COMMUNiTY, ACTIVELY FORESTRY, QUARRY- TURING GAS AND RUCTION RESTAUR- AND REAL FISHING ING WATER ANTS AND .OMMUNI- ESTATE SOCIAL & ENGAGED HOTELS CATION BUSINESS PERSONAL SERVICES SERVICES K 901 19 157 28 246 176 128 41 149 1,934 Mangonui County F 189 1 52 2 1 185 33 28 186 725 F 1,090 20 209 30 247 361 161 69 335 2,659

K 115 16 114 18 188 183 134 61 202 11055 Kaitaia Borough F 12 1 23 1 7 156 32 50 207 509 F 127 17 137 19 195 339 166 111 409 1,564

K 225 14 48 - 58 38 26 7 65 496 Whangaroa County F 32 - 7 - 1 40 12 2 62 169 F 2$7 14 55 - 59 78 38 9 127 665

K 512 6 95 2 123 61 47 14 97 1,041 Hokianga County F 86 - 10 - 1 55 18 2 125 327 T 598 6 105 2 124 116 65 16 222 1,368

K 1,115 32 1,189 52 429 480 332 116 492 4,414 Bay of Islands F 267 1 148 8 15 542 140 94 502 1,827 County F 1,382 33 1,337 60 444 1,022 472 210 994 6,241

K 66 1 183 49 104 188 89 41 138 876 Kaikohe Borough F 18 - 12 7 12 131 42 32 134 401 T 84 1 195 56 116 319 131 73 272 1,277

K 1,771 28 666 157 568 374 293 98 357 4,450 Whangarei County F 500 - 133 14 44 319 72 81 404 1,639 T 2,271 28 799 171 612 693 365 179 761 6,089

N 306 41 1,972 133 1,796 1,615 1,097 530 1,394 9,233 Whangarei City F 56 - 470 20 106 1,190 229 365 1,617 4,287 T 362 41 2,442 153 1,902 2,805 1,326 895 3,011 13,520

N 20 6 98 5 57 34 34 3 28 301 Kikurangi T.D. F - - 26 - 2 28 14 6 29 118 F 20 6 124 5 59 62 48 9 57 419

M 1,044 5 86 7 98 93 60 20 82 1,534 Hobson County F 264 - 23 1 3 90 12 20 116 549 T 1,308 5 109 8 101 183 72 40 198 2,083

M 98 12 213 33 208 217 105 48 207 1,158 Dargaville Borough F 5 - 49 2 7 150 31 38 194 495 T 103 12 262 35 215 367 136 86 401 1,653

N 999 13 164 17 105 126 117 24 132 1,749 Otamatea County F 239 - 32 1 1 89 51 13 105 563 F 1,238 13 196 18 106 215 168 37 237 2312

M 7,172 193 4,985 501 3,980 3,585 2,462 1,003 3,343 28,241 TOTAL F 1,668 3 985 56 200 2,975 686 731 3.681 11,609 T 8,840 196 5,970 557 4,180 6,560 3,148 1,734 7,024 39,850

TOTAL NORTHLAND M 7,163 193 4,999 502 3,990 3,591 2,611 1,003 3,358 28,430 S.A. F 1,666 3 994 56 201 2,981 687 732 3,689 11,634 P 8,829 196 5,993 558 4,191 6,572 3,298 1,735 7,047 40,064

M 105,697 4839 223,721 13,768 107,295 123,259 87,764 44,888 132,599 865,098 TOTAL NEW ZEALAND F 25,203 220 82,003 1,561 4,842 92,863 23,523 34,904 130,650 407,235 T 128,900 5059 305,724 15,329 12,137 216,122 111,28779,792 263,249 1,272,333

Includes persons not classifiable. This may exceed the local authority total because it includes shipboard population and extra county islands.

SOURCE: 1. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS BULLETIN NO. 3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 7 EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY - MAJOR DIVISIONS - MALES! FEMALES 15 YEARS AND OVER.

2. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS BULLETIN NO. 12 NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SUMMARY, TABLE 7 EMPLOYMENT BY INDUSTRY - MAJOR DIVISIONS - 15 YEARS AND OVER

TABLE 3.16 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, MANUFACTURING - NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS BY INDUSTRY MAJOR GROUP, NUMBER OF PERSONS ENGAGED BY SEX, AND MAJOR USERS OF .PEISONNEL WITHIN EACH INDUSTRY MAJOR GROUP, FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 1977

WZSIC NO. OF MAJOR USERS OF PERSONNEL WITHIN EACH CODE INDUSTRY MAJOR GROUP ESTAB- NO. OF PERSONS ENGAGED INDUSTRY MAJOR GROUP (> 20%) 45% OF LISH- TOTAL PERSONS ENGAGED IN THAT GROUP MENTS M F T

311/312 Food manufacturing 37 2,035 293 •2,328 59% Meat export works 30% Coop dairy factories 313 Beverage industries 3 32 23 55 87% Soft Drinks & Cordials 314 Tobacco manufacturers - - - - 321 Manufacture of textiles 3 14 75 89 85% Knitting mills 322 Manufacture of clothing except 11 20 344 364 100% Clothing other than leather, fur footwear 323 Leather processing - - - - 324 Manufacture of footwear except - - - - rubber, plastic & wooden footwear 331 Manufacture of wood, & wood & 35 466 38 504 62% Sawmill cork products 332 Manufacture of furniture and 9 46 10 56 95% Wood furniture and upholstery fixtures except primarily of metal 341 Manufacture of paper and paper products - - - - 342 Printing and publishing 9 155 93 248 84% Printing & publishing, newspapers newspapers, peridocials periodicals & books and books 351 Manufacture of industrial 3 92 5 97 85% Chemical fertilisers chemicals 352 Manufacture of other chemical 1 7 - 7 100% Chemical, products, n.e.c. products - 353 Petroleum products 1 176 15 191 100% Petroleum refineries 354 Manufacture of miscellaneous - - - - products of petroleum & coal 355 Rubber products 1 18 1 19 100% Tyres & tubes/tyre retreading & vulcanising 356 Manufacture of plastic products 1 16 - 16 100% Manufacture of plastic products n.e.c. n.e.c. 361 Manufacture of pottery, china 1 3 - 3 100% Manufacture of pottery, china and earthernware and earthernware 362 Manufacture of glass and glass 2 224 31 255 100% Manufacture of glass & glass products products 369 Manufacture of other non- 18 520 22 542 54% Cement works, lime kilns, cement metallic mineral products lime & plaster n.e.c. 26% Precast concrete 371 Iron & steel basic industries - - - - 372 Non-ferrous metal basic industries - - - - 381 Manufacture of fabricated metal 25 253 17 270 49% Structured steel fabricating etc products except machinery 382 Manufacture of machinery except 23 189 20 209 48% Machinery & equipment except electrical electrical n.e .c. 21% Specialised industrial machinery and equipment 383 Manufacture of electric industry 2 15 2 17 100% Electrical industrial machinery machinery, apparatus & supplies and apparatus 384 Transport equipment 16 318 25 343 91% Ship building & repairing 385 Manufacture of measuring, - - - - photographic and optical equipment 390 Miscellaneous manufacturers 3 19 36 55 69% Manufacturing industries n .e .c. 31% Jewellery and related articles 300 Ancillary units servicing more - 2 1 3 100% Ancillary units servicing more than one industry group - 2 1 3 than one industry

TOTAL 2044,620 1,051 5,671

NZSIC = New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification

Source: Department of Statistics Bulletin, Census of Manufacturing Series B, covering production years 1976/77, Bulletin No. 2. Northland, Central Auckland, South Auckland-Bay of Plenty, Tables 1, 2 and 3.

TABLE 3.17 NEW ZEALAND, MANUFACTURING - NUMBER OF ESTABLISHMENTS BY INDUSTRY MAJOR GROUP, NUMBER OF PERSONS ENGAGED BY SEX, AND MAJOR USERS OF PERSONNEL WITHIN EACH INDUSTRY MAJOR GROUP, FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 1977

NZSIC NO. OF MAJOR USERS OF PERSONNEL WITHIN EACH CODE INDUSTRY MAJOR GROUP ESTAB- NO. OF PERSONS ENGAGED INDUSTRY MAJOR GROUP (> 20%) AS % OF LISH- TOTAL PERSONS ENGAGED IN THAT GROUP - MENTS H F T -

311/312 Food manufacturing 1,084 53,976 13,003 66,979 49% Meat export works 313 Beverage industries 117 3,405 1,307 4,712 39% Breweries 29% Soft Drinks and Cordials 27% Wine 314 Tobacco manufacturers 6 696 634 1,330 100% Tobacco manufacturers 321 Manufacture of textiles 408 10,008 9,558 19,566 35% Knitting mills 23% Woollen fibres, spinning & weavin 322 Manufacture of clothing except 762 3,139 18,850 21,989 98% Clothing other than leather & fur footwear 323 Leather processing 142 1,824 1,594 3,418 45% Leather & leather substitute products except footwear and clothing 43% Tanneries & leather finishing 324 Manufacture of footwear except 106 2,064 3,055 5,119 100% Manufacture of footwear except rubber, plastic & wooden footwear rubber, plastic & wooden footwea 331 Manufacture of wood & wood & cork 875 15,469 1,488 16,957 38% Sawmills products 23% Builders carpentry & builders joinery 332 Manufacture of furniture & 477 5,631 1,667 7,298 86% Wooden furniture & upholstery fixtures except primarily of metal 341 Manufacture of paper and paper 104 8,504 1,932 10,436 50% Pulp, paper & paperboard products 26% Corrugated board; paperboard & corrugated board boxes, cases & cartons 342 Printing and publishing newspapers, 570 12,113 5,964 18,077 50% Printing & publishing, newspapers periodicals, books periodicals & books 44% Job and general printing 351 Manufacture of industrial chemicalE 124 4,996 966 5,962 52% Synthetic resins,plastic material & man-made fibres except glass 24% Chemical fertilisers 352 Manufacture of other chemical 172 4,277 2,598 6,875 23% Paints, varnishes & lacquers products 22% Drugs and medicines 353 Petroleum products 13 340 28 368 100% Petroleum refineries 354 Manufacture of miscellaneous 18 327 46 373 79% Bituminous mixtures & products products of petroleum and coal 21% Petroleum and coal products n.e 355 Rubber products 83 3,615 987 4,602 48% Rubber products n.e.c. 42% Tyres and tubes 356 Manufacture of plastic products 198 3,921 2,301 6,222 100% Manufacture of plastic products n.e.c. n.e.c. 361 Manufacture of pottery, china 18 673 616 1,289 100% Manufacture of pottery, china, & and earthernware earthernware 362 Manufacture of glass and glass 67 2,205 465 2,670 100% Manufacture of glass & glass products - products 369 Manufacture of other non- 411 6,858 453 7,311 27% Precast concrete metallic mineral products 371 Iron and steel basic 44 3,139 263 3,402 59% Iron S steel basic products industries 41% Iron & steel forgings & castings etc 372 Non-ferrous metal basic 71 2,872 428 3,300 76% Non-ferrous basic metal products industries 24% Non-ferrous forgings & castings • etc 381 Manufacture of fabricated metal 1,253 20,362 3,965 24,327 29% Fabricated metal products (except products except machinery machinery & equipment) n.e.c. 382 Manufacture of machinery except 858 12,743 1,635 14,378 42% Machinery and equipment except electrical electrical n.e.c. 21% Agricultural machinery and equipment 383 Manufacture of electrical 299 11,153 6,349 17,502 30% Household durables & range making industry machinery apparatus 28% Radio, Television & communication & supplies . equipment & apparatus 384 Transport equipment 421 17,483 2,576 20,059 33% Motor vehicle assembly plants 385 Manufacture of measuring, 43 562 545 1,107 35% Photographic and optical goods photographic & optical 34% Medical, surgical equipment & equipment supplies n.e.c. 30% Laboratory & scientific equipment measuring, controlling equipment n.e.c. 390 Miscellaneous manufacturers 275 2,356 2,074 4,430 37% Manufacturing industries n.e.c. includes finacial data of 39020 300 Ancillary units servicing more - - - - than one industry group

TOTAL 9,019 219,046 87,131 306,177

NZSIC New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification

Source: Department of Statistics Bulletin, Manufacturing Series A No. 1, General Statistics 1976-77, Tables 1 and 2.

AO ONY SIVX St SNOSd - SdflO OLYW- SNOIJXdflD0 8 auavi AYWMflS aNmzz MN 1L61 SDNITI2MO aNY NOI3VIfldOd .80 SOSN2D UNYNZ M3N

AO UNY SUYA St SNOSNd - Sdfl0ID !OLW-SNOLLY6flDZ0 S 319VI YNY Ti313.SITXJ.S UNYIH.LON I ON J.N3W8IddflS SDNITIaMU UNY NOWIfldOT .80 SflSN83 1L61 301anos

sPu Ts T k4unoo eaqxo pue uoTndod poqdqs septvut IT eBneeq 44iotn tot eq peexe Avui stt CJI emeXemex S9pnu • aTqet;Tsse ou suosaad pue s83203 POUIXY sepnu

S888t11 LTTtTt 059611 t88L4 911Stt t88081 £OP9T 06868T .1. 998EEE 6S6LS SCTLT ZOLSP 8898E LPCOtT SSO1 OPPS .8 QNYIYaZ M2N 1Y3.OL 696P8L 891998 Sfl"Ttt 619T8 8IS9L tC0OL 8tCLT 086tS N

OETtE 690Tt ZOS8 LLTT 9T8C tOt ILP 618E 3 8006 819 0L11 tO"1 611t I69t It r2Lt .8 YS zzz l sz tSt"Ot ZC8L 9L8 L60T 608t 09 L60T N QmL0N 7Y301

88828 tL8Ot 06"8 EttT 8TCC L60P ILP LELE .1 9006 819 OLtI 668t 81TT 116ST IT TTLI .8 S1Y30L 8L8tT 98tOI OTEL VV8 960Z £OSI 09P ttOT N

C81T T8t 99tT PL OCT ç9T ST TIT .8 P08 18 8LT 18 TP OTT - .1 ñUflO3 PoIvum4o 6LLT OEP 8801T It 8L Sc cz L9 N

SSS I T 009 P6 ITT SET LTT OS 1 511 .8 cBao.roq c9rl TP 5 L9 £6 6(1 .8 1 lIT 9TTrAe6.rea 860T 65S 68 PS TPT 9L 6P CIT N

L96 1 T P08 L91T 99 LOT 98 L OTT .1 SPP IT L8T oc 6P 99 1 89 .8 hItmoo UOSOH TST 89T 080T 81 P5 11 9 LP N

058 061 9T TT LC PP £ Pt .8 96 6T - IT St Be - L .8 3I T.6W.VfrR SST TLT 91 6 TT 91 8 LT N

OTCTT 66PP 818 669 9851T 650T 911 6L5T .8 PLC 1 C 590 LC L5S 59P 89TT 5 0,69 .1 fi.7TO rqM 9fr6L PCZP 9LT TPC TOTT P6L ITT 888 N

6C8P LSTT PTTT P9T 861 168 98 168 .1 OSTT 86 898 TTT 611 L52 1 891 3 fi:;unoD T6U1!4 689C P97T 659T TL P9T SET 98 811 N

LSIl UP IS 86 991 161 PT 9LT 2 6CC 6 5 P9 L9 OTT - (9 3 qbflOZOff 9qoyTvy 918 fTP 9P PC 66 TL Pt CIT Al

TL6 1 f 6TLT TTCT TOP 688 L9P IS 015 2 85tT TP ELT OPT ILl 608 T 891 .8 SPUPTS.- 90 Mg PTLE 9L9T 88TI T91 891 9L1 15 151 H

981T (ST L19 TL 60, P9 91 lET .8 LLT L 05 TS It OP - 08 .J fi;uno 6tZer,(OH TTOT 9PT 1-95 IT 91 Pt 91 15 N

565 EPI SPZ 89 08 PP C 15 .8 15T 8 PT TP ST 08 - zt a ñUflOJ eOZ6tZEC(j. PPP SET ITT It ST PT £ 08 N

00CI 9TP IL 90T LOT ITT 01 LET .8 SEP 81 8 19 08 lET - 9TT 9 C(5fl0209 LTv4TPX 598 968 89 SP LTI 6L 01 TTT N

PSTT OLS EOOT 581 9(1 SET 91 95T 2 118 58 881 16 6P 86 1 OL .8 fi:;unoo rnuomw TPLT 888 599 PP 68 L( ST 99 N

s3ano8y-x - D33 .U8OYN2 SNO3YN26O SiDOOi dIfl3 SNU0M 5I0M SU0M 1YINH.L XlaAllov N2N IYNOI X8S LLXOH.LOY TYDOI 7viollUNY.L0dSNY1 3Itt3S 92IYS IY3I2ID tkI3YN3 -HSIA -SSa3Od SIaNNOM -SINIWOY NOI3DflCOd

1L61 HV3A A1IOHJJ1V 1V301 A g MAO QNV SN3A ST SNOS3d - SdflOH9 Horvw - SN0IJ.vdfl330aNV1HIU0N : V91J 31gYj.

TABLE 3.183 : NORTHLAND, OCCUPATIONS - MAJOR GROUPS - PERSONS 15 YEARS AND OVER BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, YEAR 1976

AGRICUL- TURAL, PRODUCTION ADMINIS- SERVICE ANIMAL WORKERS, PROFESS- TRATIVE wois TOTAL CLERICAL SALES HUSBANDRY TRANSPORT IONAL, AND MANAGE- WORKERS WORKERS ACTIVELY LOCAL AUTHORITY SEX (INCL. & FOREST & EQUIPMENT TECHNICAL RIAL ENGAGED ARMED WORKERS, OPERATORS, FORCES) FISHERMEN LABOURERS & HUNTERS M 112 34 45 96 59 880 642 1,934 Mangonul County F 121 2 129 95 108 183 49 725 F 233 36 174 191 167 1,063 691 2,659

M 148 46 89 129 50 106 470 1,055 Kaitaia Borough F 134 2 161 104 73 10 14 509 F 282 48 250 233 123 116 484 1,564

N 43 7 11 17 18 225 156 496 Whangaroa County F 24 2 29 22 40 32 9 169 F 67 9 40 39 58 257 165 665

Ii 62 8 20 41 22 529 286 1,041 Kokianga County F 71 3 42 28 62 85 8 327 F 133 11 62 69 84 614 294 1,368

M 422 114 170 250 210 1,144 1,979 4,414 Bay of Islands F 321 23 396 269 348 261 124 1,827 County F 743 137 566 519 558 1,405 2,103 6,241

N 116 42 64 105 44 54 429 876 Kaikohe Borough F 67 3 155 82 52 14 15 401 F 183 45 219 187 96 68 444 1,277

N 366 110 144 210 102 1,763 1,637 4,450 Whangarei County F 263 16 354 189 156 487 121 1,631 T 629 126 498 399 258 2,250 1,758 6,089

M 1,088 392 837 1,014 372 329 4,919 9,233 Whangarei City F 851 32 1,523 663 572 43 425 4,287 F 1,939 424 2,360 1,677 944 372 5,344 13,520

M 13 5 14 26 11 13 204 301 Hikurangi T.D. F 10 - 44 24 8 - 20 118 T 23 5 58 50 19 13 224 419

N 56 16 27 59 23 1,031 289 1,534 Hobson County F 77 4 66 61 45 253 27 549 F 133 20 93 120 68 1,284 316 2,083

M 138 53 73 132 51 96 600 1,158 Dargaville F 130 6 147 101 65 6 27 495 Borough 1 268 59 220 233 116 102 627 1,653

K 78 37 53 80 28 997 429 1,749 Otamatea County F 70 2 126 47 38 229 26 563 F 148 39 179 127 66 1,226 455 2,312

M 2,642 864 1,547 2,159 990 7,167 12,040 28,241 TOTAL F 2,139 95 3;172 1,685 1,567 1,603 865 11,601 T 4,781 959 4,719 3,844 2,557 8,770 12,905 39,850

TOTAL NORTHLAND M 2,679 865 1,551 2,162 1,016 7,158 12,165 28,430 S.A. F 2,150 95 3,175 1,687 1,570 1,601 872 11,634 T 4,829 960 4,726 3,849 2,586 8,759 13,037 40,064

M 104,857 38,035 70,019 77,618 46,351 108,649 403,071 865,098 TOTAL NEW ZEALAND F 731964 2,873 135,899 47,662 49,630 22,040 65,765 407,235 T 178,821 40,908 205,918 125,280 95,981 130,689 468,836 1,272,333

Includes persons not classifiable This may exceed the local authority total because it includes shipboard population and extra-county islands.

SOURCE: 1. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS BULLETIN NO. 3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 8 OCCUPATIONS-MAJOR GROUPS - MALES/FEMALES 15 YEARS AND OVER.

2. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS BULLETIN NO. 12 NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SUMMARY, TABLE 8 OCCUPATIONS-MAJOR GROUPS - MALES/FEMALES 15 YEARS AND OVER. FIGURE 3,1 : NORTHLAND AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, RATE OF WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION - TOTAL, MALE, FEMALE, MARRIED WOMEN, YEARS 1961, 1966, 1971, 1976 Rate per 1000

900 le

800

roe

rce

600

400 force

n in Workforce

300

011ie]

100

[I] YEAR

KEY: Northland New Zealand SOURCE: CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS (1961), (1966), (1971), (1976) Refer Table Note: For information on the calculation of the different Workforce participation rates, refer to Table 3.19. TABLE 3.19 : NORTHLAND AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, RATE OF WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION - TOTAL, MALE, FEMALE, MARRIED WOMEN, YEARS 1961, 1966, 1971, 1976

TOTAL WORKFORCE MALE WORKFORCE FEMALE WORKFORCE MARRIED WOMEN AREA AND YEAR PARTICIPATION PARTICIPATION PARTICIPATION PARTICIPATION RATE (1) RATE (2) RATE (3) RATE (4)

1976 NORTHLAND 637.3 892.8 375.0 329.2 NEW ZEALAND 662.1 892.9 427.4 357.2

1971 NORTHLAND 633.4 915.3 340.1 27.8 NEW ZEALAND 654.7 910.1 394.5 284.7

1966 NORTHLAND 620.9 932.0 286.7 184.8 NEW ZEALAND 648.8 929.5 359.9 217.0

1961 NORTHLAND 589.5 924.0 239.6 129.2 NEW ZEALAND 636.2 939.5 324.1 174.9

(1) Total workforce participation rate = total actively engaged 1000 total population 15-64 yrs X 1

(2) Male workforce participation rate = males actively engaged total male population 15-64 yrs 1

Female workforce participation rate = females actively engaged 1000 (3) X total female population 15-64 yrs 1

(4) Married women workforce participation rate = married women actively engaged 1222 total married women 16-64 yrs 1 SOURCE: 1 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN NO 12 NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SUMMARY TABLES 2 AND 6, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATION. 2 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, VOLUME 2 AGES AND MARITAL STATUS, TABLES 6 AND 16, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATION. 3 NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1971, NEW ZEALAND SUMMARY, TABLES 3 AND 6, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATION. 4 NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1971, VOLUME 2 AGES AND MARITAL STATUS, TABLE 16, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATION. 5 NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1966, VOLUME 4 INDUSTRIES AND OCCUPATIONS, TABLES 7 AND 14, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATION. 6 NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 196, VOLUME 2 AGES AND MARITAL STATUS, TABLES 5 AND 13, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATION. 7 NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1961, VOLUME 4 INDUSTRIES AND OCCUPATIONS, TABLES 7 AND 14, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATION. 8 NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1961, VOLUME 2 AGES AND MARITAL STATUS, TABLES 7 AND 16, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATION.

NOTE: WORKFORCE PARTICIPATION BY AGE GROUP Information on employment status (actively engaged, not actively engaged) by sex by age groups (in 5 year age cohorts from 15-75+ years) is available for Statistical Areas, Local Authorities and subdivisions thereof. It has not been presented here but is available from the 1976 Census, Table No. Rag. B.4, Marital Status by Employment Status by Sex by Age Groups, upon request to: Executive Officer, Population Section, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Lower Mutt. TABLE 320 : WHANGAREI EMPLOYMENT DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, PERCENTAGE OF LABOUR FORCE REGISTERED (1), UNEMPLOYED AT THE END OF MARCH AND SEPTEMBER, YEARS 1978-1981

YEAR AND WHPiNGAREI NEW ZEALAND 2 MONTH DISTRICT TOTAL

1978 March 2.44 1.56 September 2.95 1.92 1979 March 4.10 1.87 September 5.28 2.06 1980 March 5.88 2.28 September 6.64 3,34 1981 March 7.43 3.73 September 6.71 3.68

Note: (1) The figures for registered unemployed as a percentage of the labour force are based on place of residence labour force statistics from the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings.

(2) Whangarei Employment District boundary is equivalent to that of the Northland Statistical Area.

SOURCE: MONTHLY EMPLOYMENT OPERATIONS, PUBLISHED BY THE RESEARCH AND PLANNING DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR, HEAD OFFICE, WELLINGTON.

TABLE 3.21 : NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, NUMBER UNEMPLOYED AND (l) PER CENT OF LABOUR FORCE UNEMPLOYED, BY SEX, BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES, YEAR 1976

LOCAL AUTHORITY NO. UNEMPLOYED PER CENT UNEMPLOYED MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL

Mangonui County 93 76 169 4.8 10.5 6.4

Kaitaia Borough 21 24 45 2.0 4.7 2.9

Whangaroa County 20 15 35 4.0 8.9 5.3

Hokianga County 73 27 100 7.0 8.3 7,3

Bay of Islands County 116 110 226 2.6 6.0 3.6

Kaikohe Borough 15 14 29 1.7 3.5 2.3

Whangarei County 130 89 219 2.9 5.4 3.6

Whangarei City 317 271 588 3.4 6.3 4.3

Hikurangi T.D. 9 14 23 3.0 11.9 5.5

Hobson County 38 23 61 2.5 4.2 2.9

Dargaville Borough 17 15 32 1.5 3.0 1.9

Otamatea 41 31 72 2.3 5.5 3.1

NORTHLAND S.A. TOTAL 893 714 1,607 3.1 6.1 .4.0

NEW ZEALAND TOTAL 14,392 11,945 26,337 1.7 2.9 2.1

(1) The labour force is the total of those actively engaged recorded in the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings.

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN NO 3. NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 6. OCCUPATIONAL STATUS.

TABLE 3,22 : WHANGAREI EMPLOYMENT DISTRICT, AGE, SEX AND DURATION OF THE, REGISTERED UNEMPLOYED, AT THE END OF SEPTEMBER 1981

MALES

DURATION

UP TO 4 OVER 4/ AND OVER 8 AND OVER 13 AND OVER 26 TOTAL AGE GROUP WEEKS UP TO 8 UP TO 13 UP TO 26 WEEKS WEEKS WEEKS WEEKS

School leavers 0 19 11 21 26 48 125

15-19 years 38 26 28 67 143 302

20-24 years 48 47 42 91 164 392

25-29 years 29 31 22 75 110 267

30-39 years 47 24 32 82 106 291

40-59 years 34 26 33 86 123 302

60 years and over 1 0 2 2 2 7

TOTALS 216 165 180 429 696 1686

FEMALES

DURATION

UP TO 4 OVER 4 AND OVER 8 AND OVER 13 AND OVER 26 TOTAL AGE GROUP WEEKS UP TO 8 UP TO 13 UP TO 26 WEEKS WEEKS WEEKS WEEKS

School leavers (1) 30 20 29 41 85 205

15-19 years 34 29 29 91 151 334

20-24 years 27 16 16 46 103 208

25-29 years 9 7 11 20 39 86

30-39 years 11 16 8 23 24 82

40-59 years 13 7 4 24 40 88

60 years and over 0 0 0 1 0 1

TOTALS 124 95 97 246 442 1004

(1) School leavers are not included in any other age group.

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA FROM STATISTICS SECTION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR, PRIVATE BAG, WELLINGTON.

TABLE 3.23 : NEW ZEALAND, AGE, SEX AND DURATION OF THE REGISTERED UNEMPLOYED AT THE. E.ND.OF SEPTEMBER 1981

MALES

DURATION

UPTO4 OVER 4AND OVER- 8AND OVER 13^ AND OVER 26 TOTAL AGE GROUP WEEKS UP TO 8 Up TO 13 UP TO 26 WEEKS WEEKS WEEKS WEEKS

School leavers 327 209 172 221 ]i69: 109S

15-19 years 2179 1445 1028 1097 645 6394 20-24 years 2280 1656 1279 1463 984 7662

25-29 years 1294 89 934, 1.033 914 r, 30-39 years 1060 823 880 963 957 4683 40-59 years . 1004 739 9.21. 1000 1220 4884 60 years and over 25 13 14 41 49 142 TOTALS 8169 5784 5228 5818 4938 29937

FEMALES

• DURATION

UP TO OVER 4 AND OVER 8 AND OVER 13 AND OVER 26 TOTAL AGE GROUP WEEKS UP TO 8 UP TO 13 UP TO 26 WEEKS WEEKS WEEKS WEEKS

403School leavers 343 294 272 . 383 169.5

15-19 years 1807 1334 1010 1301 1072 6524

54120-24 years 1235 811 793 773 4153 1. 25-29 years 419 291 206 272 1555

342.30-39 years 394 259 177 242 1414

40-59 years 356 217 174 310 464. 1521

60 years and over 4 3 3 5, 8 23

TOTALS 4558 3209. 2383 3306 3429 16885 1

(1) School leavers are not included in any other age group.

SOURCE: MONTHLY EMPLOYMENT OPERATIONS SEPTEMBER 1981,. PUBLISHED BY THE RESEARCH AND PLANNING DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF LABOUR HEAD OFFICE, WELLINGTON TABLE 3.24 NORTHLAND, MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS PLANNED FOR THE DECADE 1981-1990

APPROXIMATE PROJECT SPONSOR PEAK ON-SITE CONSTRUCTION EARLIEST CONSTRUCTION DURATION CONSTRUCTION DATES MANPOWER (YEARS) START COMPLETION

Cement Modifications Wilsons Portland Cement 150 1½ October 1980 Early 1982 Refinery Expansion NZ Refining 1200 3 March 1981 Early 1984 Refined Products Pipeline NE Refining 200 1½ Late 1982 Early 1984 Pulp & Paper Mill NZ Forest Products 400 3 Early 1983 Early 1986 Pulp & Paper Mill Northern Pulp 250 3 1987 1990 Port Development Northland Harbour Board 120 2 1985 1987 Marsden Point Rail Link NE Railways 90 2 Early 1984 Early 1986

FIGURE 3.2 NORTHLAND, DURATION OF MAJOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECTS (EXCLUDING ELECTRIC POWER PROJECTS), YEARS 1980-1990

PROJECT 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989

Cement Modifications Refinery Expansion a Refined Products Pipeline Pulp & Paper Mill (NZFP) Pulp a Paper Mill (Nthn Pulp) Port Development Marsden Point Rail Link a

SOURCE: MAJOR PROJECTS ADVISORY GROUP NEWSLETTER - APRIL 1981, P 0 BOX 12041 WELLINGTON NORTH TABLE 325 : WHANGAREI EMPLOYMENT DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, AVERAGE WEEKLY EARNINGS IN SURVEYED INDUSTRIES AS AT FEBRUARY, 1980

INDUSTRY AVERAGE ORDINARY AVERAGE ORDINARY

SUB-DIVISION L WEEKLY WAGES AND OVERTIME ($) WEEKLY WAGES ($)

WHANGAREI N.Z. WHANGAREI N.Z.

Forestry and logging 170.45 176.13 182.70 190.03

Mining and qurrying 168.18 195.75 203.26 233.49

Manufacturing 174.32 179.48 194.80 201.98

Electricity, gas and Water 196.62 195.47 210.56 215.09

Construction 159.23 180.84 179.42 205.86

Trade, restaurants and hotels 137.41 155.88 144.30 162.67

Transport and coxnmunication 177.30 191.68 203.16 217.80

Finance, insurance, real estate etc. 156.99 185.57 158.52 188.49

Community and ipersonal services 179.28 182.97 182.63 187.62

ALL INDUSTRIES 167.94 178.37 180.08 192.31

SOURCE: SUPPLEMENTARY TABLES TO THE LABOUR AND EMPLOYMENT GAZETTE HALF YEARLY EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION SURVEY, FEBRUARY 1980. FIGURE 3.3 : NORTHLAND, AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND SELECTED COMMUNITIES, YEAR 1976

Selected communities include all those with more than 100 households.

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS. BULLETIN NO 3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA. TABLE 3.26 NORTHLAND, AVERAGE HOUSEHOLD INCOME BY CENSUS AREA UNIT, YEAR 1976

1976 TOTAL PERSONS AVERAGE TOTAL PRIVATE PER HOUSEHOLD AREA POPULATION HOUSEHOLDS HOUSEHOLD INCOME ($1 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA MANGONUX COUNTY TOTAL 7,734 2,059 3.8 5,847 wanu2 Community 238 . 57 4.2 6,071 Remainder County 7,496 2,002 3.8 5,841

KAITAIA BOROUGH 4,243 1,102 3.9 7,841

WHANGAROA COUNTY 2,068 513 4.1 6,136

HOKIANGA COUNTY TOTAL 4,351 1,088 4.0 4,901 Kohukohu Community 115 40 2.9 4,282 Rawene Community 336 92 3.7 5,832 Omapere Community 205 61 3.4 5,136 Remainder County 31695 895 4.2 4,817

BAY OF ISLANDS COUNTY TOTAL 16,623 4,104 4.1 8,145 Kerikeri Community 996 300 3.4 7,710 Russell Community 821 239 3.5 8,611 Paihia Community 1,495 340 4.4 13,072 Haruru Falls Community 365 70 5.3 13,665 Opus Community 268 89 3.1 6,514 Kawakawa Community 1,624 370 4.4 8,565 Moerewa Community 1,351 284 4.8 8,338 Remainder County 9,703 2,412 4.1 7,271

KAIKOHE BOROUGH 3,567 906 4.0 7,778

WHANGAREI COUNTY 15,843 4,435 3.6 7,266

WHANGAREI CITY 34,981 10,288 3.4 7,347

HIKURANGI T.D.I 1,174 322 3.7 5,932

HOBSON COUNTY TOTAL5,357 1,468 3.7 6,996 Ta Kopuru Community 494 142 3.5 5,141 Remainder County 4,863 1,326 3.7 7,195

DARGAVILLE BOROUGH 4,559 1,338 3.4 6,772

OTANATEA COUNTY TOTAL 6,243 1,749 3.6 6,896 Maungaturoto Community 771 211 3.7 7,353 Ruawai Community 508 150 3.4 6,734 Kaiwaka Community 351 90 3.9 6,600 Remainder County 4,613 1,298 3.6 6,860

NORTHLAND S.A.. TOTAL (1) 707,013 29,363 3.7 7,231

WHANGAREI URBAN AREA WHANGAREI CITY TOTAL 34,981 10,288 3.4 7,332 Kamo 5,037 1,417 3.6 8,269 Tiki pun ga 4,408 1,179 3.8 7,144 Whau Valley 2,148 718 3.0 7,766 Mairtown 1,957 803 2.5 5,843 Otangarei 2,221 571 3.9 5,273 Kensington 1,237 487 2.6 5,669 Western Hills 154 48 3.2 8,552 Regent 1,931 588 3.3 7,688 Vinetown Avenues 1,426 534 2.7 5,812 City 275 68 4.1 15,184 Riverside 728 229 3.2 7,681 Parahaki 815 227 3.6 7,442 Woodhill 1,639 504 3.3 7,853 !lorningside 1,965 558 3.6 7,237 Horahora 1,102 195 5.7 10,945 Mauflu 750 209 3.6 6,320 Raumanga Heights 1,304 345 3.8 6,661 Otaika 1,627 386 4.2 6,917 Port-Li meburners 116 27 4.3 6,917 Sherwood Rise 2,931 807 3.7 7,670 Onerahi 1,210 388 3.2 7,301

HIKUR?.NGI T.D. 1,174 322 3.7 5,932

WHANGAREI COUNTY (PART) 2,914 735 4.0 7,878

WHANGAREI URBAN AREA TOTAL 39,069 71,345 3.5 7,344

NEW ZEALANV TOTAL 3,129,383 923,257 3.4 8,009

(1) Includes extra-county islands and shipboard in all tables

SOURCE: 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN NO 3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 1 TOTAL POPULATION AND TEMPORARY RESIDENTS, TABLE 9 INCOMES BY AMOUNT GROUPS - MALES AND FEMALES 15 YEARS AND OVER, TABLE 13 HOUSEHOLDS. STATISTICS OF OFFENCES

These statistics relate to offences not offenders. One offender detected for ten offences appears ten times in the figures.

Offences are recorded by place of occurrence. It cannot be assumed that the offender resides in the same area. In Auckland, for example, a person may commit an offence in the Central Division but reside in the Northern Division.

The number of offences reported may be influenced by a number of factors such as the presence of police officers, attitudes of the police and judges to local problems/issues, and public reaction. Therefore some caution should be exercised in making regional comparisons and in the interpretation of data.

No time series data are provided. This is because trends over time could be affected by the use of different recording systems e.g. use of computers, rather than reflecting actual changes in the incidence of offences or in the percentage of offences cleared.

TABLE 3.27 WHANGAREI POLICE DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, SUMMARY OF STATISTICS OF OFFENCES, NUMBER AND RATE PER 1,000 MEAN POPULATION. CALENDAR YEAR 1980

TOTAL OFFENCES REPORTED

TYPES OF OFFENCE WHANGAREI NEW ZEALAND

NO. RATE NO. RATE

VIOLENCE Total homocide 4 0.0 82 0.0 Total kidnapping and abduction 2 0.0 83 0.0 Total robbery 14 0.1 529 0.2 Total grievous assault 6 0.1 182 0.1 Total serious assault 70 0.7 2969 0.9 Total minor assault 250 2.3 9562 3.0 Total intimidation/threats 67 0.6 2146 0.8 Total group assemblies 2 0.0 45 00 Total unspecified - - 14 0..0 TOTAL VIOLENCE 415 3.9 15612 4.9

SEXUAL OFFENCES Total sexual attacks 21 0.2 915 0.3 Other sexual offences 39 0.4 1780 0.6 TOTAL SEXUAL OFFENCES 60 0.6 2695 0.8

DRUGS AND ANTI-SOCIAL OFFENCES Total drugs (not cannabis) 36 0.3 925 0.3 Total drugs (cannabis only) 486 4.5 7824 2.5 Total liquor offences 850 7.9 14418 4.5 Total gaming 3 0.0 426 0.1 Total disorder and vagrancy offences 586 5.4 28972 9.1 Total Family offences( 2) 38 0.4 641 0.2 Total unspecified 1 0.0 22 0.0 TOTAL DRUGS AND ANTI-SOCIAL OFFENCES 2000 18.6 53228 16.8

DISHONESTY Total burglary 1105 10.3 54462 17.2 Total car conversions 699 6.5 37626 11.9 Total theft 2498 23.2 101983 32.1 Total receiving 44 0.4 1983 0.6 Total fraud 784 7.3 19502 6.1 Total unspecified - - 26 0.0 TOTAL DISHONESTY 5130 47.7 215582 67.9

PROPERTY DAMAGE TOTAL PROPERTY DAMAGE - 478 4.4 22016 6.9

PROPERTY ABUSES (For example, trespass, littering, firearm offences, postal service abuses) TOTAL PROPERTY ABUSES 355 3.3 16608 5.2

ADMINISTRATIVE (For example offences against justice procedure, re. births, deaths and marriages, immigration, race) TOTAL ADMINISTRATIVE 27 0.3 1871 0.6

TRAFFIC Total driver condition 324 3.0 9526 3.0 Total manner of driving 461 4.3 10074 3.2 Total non-drivers (offences by) 5 0.0 303 0.1 Total offences re vehicle 134 1.2 1661 0.5 Total unspecified 17 0.0 TOTAL TRAFFIC 924 8.6 21581 6.8

TOTAL ALL OF 9389 87.3 349193 110.0

The rates calculated for the Whangarei District are based on a population of 107,600, and for New Zealand on a population of 3,175,000. Because so many of the numbers involved are small, care should be taken when making comparisons between rates. This is particularly the case when rates are based on 500 offences or fewer. (1) Whangarei Police District boundary is slightly to the north of the Statistical Area boundary. In December 1980 the population within the Whangarei Police District was 107,600. (2) Not included in Family Offences are 157 complaints of domestic disputes in the Whangarei Police District (New Zealand total 15,339) . These are complaints which resulted in no offence being recorded. Comparisons between regions for such figures may not be reliable because of different methods of recording. SOURCE: NEW ZEALAND POLICE FOR FURTHER LNQUIRIES CONTACT: STATISTICS OPERATIONS RESEARCH, MANAGEMENT SERVICES, POLICE NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS, PRIVATE BAG, WELLINGTON. TABLE 3.28A : WHANGAREI SOCIAL WELFARE DISTRICT, CHILDREN AND YOUNG PERSONS COURT APPEARANCES FINLISED, IN THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1976, CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO COMPLAINTS AND CHARGES

WHANGAREI DISTRICT N.Z. TOTAL TOTAL WHANGAREI KAITAIA KAIKOHE DARGAVILLE

Complaints Under the Children and Young 51 19 18 14 - 2,780 Persons Act

Total offences against property 131 43 60 28 - 6,933

Total offences against person 1 - I - - 655

Drug offences - - - - - 61 offences against liquor licensing laws 3 3 - - - 766

Other Offences 11 6 4 1 - 1,694

Total 197 71 83 43 - 12,889

Young persons" includes all those under 17 years

- Data not available

SOURCE: STATISTICS UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE, HEAD OFFICE, PRIVATE BAG 21, POSTAL CENTRE, WELLINGTON 1

TABLE 3.28B : WHANGAREI SOCIAL WELFARE DISTRICT, CHILDREN AND YOUNG PERSONS COURT APPEARANCES FINALISED, IN THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1979, CLASSIFIED ACCORDING TO COMPLAINTS AND CHARGES

WRANGAREI DISTRICT N • Z. TOTAL TOTAL WHZ4NGAREI KAITAIA KAIKOHE DARGAVILLE

Complaints under the Children and Young 98 76 11 11 - 2,760 Persons Act

Total offences against property 302 220 23 59 - 7,747

Total offences against person 28 16 8 4 - 754

Drug offences 2 2 - - - 110

Offences against liquor licensing laws 5 4 - 1 - 937

Other offences 28 23 1 4 - 1,843 - 14,151 Total 463 341 43 79

"Young persons" includes all those under 17 years

- Data not available,. SOURCE: STATISTICS UNIT, DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WELFARE, HEAD OFFICE, PRIVATE BAG 21, POSTAL CENTRE, WELLINGTON Il

TABLE 3.29 : WHANGAREI AND KAIKOHE DISTRICT PROBATION OFFICES (COMBINED FIGURES) AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, NUMBER OF PROBATION ORDERS MADE BY COURTS BY AGE AND SEX, FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1980

WHANGAREI AND KAflCOHE COMBINED AGE GROUPS NEW ZEALAND MALE, FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL

Under 17 6 - 6 606 141 747 17 and under 18 34 2 36 794 206 1000 18 and under 20 30 5 35 1190 305 1495 20 and under 25 30 9 39 1356 437 1793 25 and under 30 15 4 19 561 188 749 30 and under 40 5 3 8 440 173 613 40 and under 50 7 - 7 187 52 239 50 and under 60 - - - 70 15 85 60 and under 70 - - - 16 - 16 7o and over - - 3 - 3 Totals 127 23 150 5223 1517 6740

TABLE 3,30 : WHANGAREI AND KAIKOHE DISTRICT PROBATION OFFICES (COMBINED FIGURES) AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, NUMBER RELEASED ON PROBATION, FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1980

WHANGAREI AND KAIKOHE COMBINED RELEASED ON PROBATION NEW ZEALAND ______MALE FEMALE TOTAL MALE FEMALE TOTAL

A. Number reporting 1 Jan last year 183 38 221 5610 1768 7378 B. Taken on to supervision during year (a) from court 127 23 150 5223 1517 6740 (b) transferred IN 101 26 127 2635 930 3565 Totals (A plus B) 411 87 498 13478 4205 17683

TABLE 3.31 WHANGAREI AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL,NUMBER ATTENDING RESIDENTIAL AND NON RESIDENTIAL PERIODIC DETENTION CENTRES, SELECTED WEEKLY RETURN FIGURES

AREA FOR WEEK ENDING 27/4/79 26/10/79 25/4/80 31/10/80

Whangarei 29 36 42 47 New Zealand 2109 2010 2206 2337

SOURCE: TABLES 3.29, 3.30, 3.31 UNPUBLISHED DATA FROM PROBATION DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, PRIVATE BAG, WELLINGTON.

Note: The area covered by the Whangarei and Kaikohe courts and the Whangarei Periodic Detention Centre basically coincides with the Northland Region as defined in Section 1. TABLE 3.32 : NORTHLAND, HOUSING CHARACTERISTICS BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, YEAR 1976

LOCAL AUTHORITY NATURE OF NUMBER OF TENURE PERMANENT PRIVATE DWELLING OCCUPANTS

HOUSEI FLAT OR OTHER TOTAL AVERAGE OWNED WITH RENTED OR OTHER TOTAL (INCL. APARTMENT OUT MORTGAGE LEASED NOT SPEC.

llangonui County 1,932 32 . 95 2,059 3.6 1,513 353 180 2,059 Kaitaia Borough 994 98 10 1,102 3.4 776 302 23 1,102 Whangaroa County 490 6 17 513 3.5 344 99 70 513 Hokianga County 1,039 11 38 1,088 3.8 757 156 161 1,088 Bay of Islands County. 3,800 170 134 4,104 3.6 2,812 924 352 4,104 kaikohe Borough 808 80 18 906 3.7 581 305 19 906 Whangarei County 4,223 52 160 4,435 3.4 3,028 923 450 4,435 Whangarei City 9,060 1,162 66 10,288 3.2 7,749 2,391 113 10,288 Hikurangi TD 315 2 5 322 3.6 253 63 6 322 Hobson County 1,436 4 28 1,468 3.6 1,014 202 252 1,468 Dargaville Borough 1,220 112 6 1,338 3.2 987 320 31 1,338 Otamatea County 1,694 13 42 1,749 3.5 1,128 374 236 1,749 TOTAL NORTHLAND S.A. 27,001 1,743 619 23,363 3.4 20,936 6,412 1,890 29,363

TOTAL NEW ZEALAND 792,083 117,970 13,204 923,257 3.2 640,645 61,205 31,327 923,257 Combined shop and dwelling, bach, hut. Per occupied permanent private dwelling. Free with job or loaned. SOURCE: 1. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS BULLETIN NO. 3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 14 NATURE OF OCCUPIED DWELLING, TABLE 15 PERMANENT PRIVATE DWELLINGS-TENURE. 2. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS BULLETIN NO. 12 NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SUMMARY, TABLE 14 NATURE OF OCCUPIED DWELLING, TABLE 15 PERMANENT PRIVATE DWELLINGS-TENURE. (1) TABLE 3.33 NORTHLAND, HOUSEHOLD AMENITIES BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, YEAR 1976

LOCAL AUTHORITY HOUSEHOLD AND OTHER AMENITIES MEANS OF COOKING HOT WATER SERVICE

TELEPHONEP ELEVISION AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC COAL, COKE ELECTRICiTY OTHER NONE (BlW & COLOUR) JWASH.MACH. AND GAS WOOD, OTHER AND GAS

N.a:i.j:.iti ()USltV 2,759 1, 76 7 555 2,959 89 1,871 79 .9 Kaitaia Borough 1,003 1,035 394 1,098 - 1,098 1 1 Whangaroa County 454 389 118 473 38 424 40 41 Jiokianga County 828 842 259 970 106 847 118 85 Bay of Islands County 3,396 3,603 1,373 3,914 168 3,743 182 111 Kaikohe Borough 760 830 358 892 6 893 5 3 Whangarei County 3,884 3,891 1,447 4,288 119 4,178 156 59 Whangarei City 9,307 9,488 3,724 10,132 69 10,082 127 5 Hikurangi TD 266 307 89 305 16 289 30 1 Hobson County 1,358 1,292 455 1,435 28 1,406 40 12 Dargaville Borough 1,249 1,204 524 1,324 12 1,312 14 4 Otamatea County 1,612 1,546 613 1,708 23 1,689 30 12 TOTAL NORTHLAND S A 25,865 26,187 9,903 28,487 676 27,821 823 404

TOTAL NEW ZEALAND 829,786 865,648 354,715 891,677 24,802 874,806 40,550 1,720

(1) The total number of households, i.e. the denominator for household amenities in Table 3.33 is the same figure as total permanent private dwellings, in Table 3.32 above. 98.4% Electricity 99.7% Electricity SOURCE: 1. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS BULLETIN NO. 3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 18 HOUSEHOLD AND OTHER AMENITIES, TABLE 19 MEANS OF COOKING AND TYPE OF HOT WATER SERVICE. 2. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS BULLETIN NO. 12 NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SUMMARY, TABLE 18, TABLE 19.

Note: For further information on housing quality, Refer Section 5, Health Risks, Environmental Services and Quality. TABLE 3.34 : NORTHLAND, HOUSEHOLDS WITH MOTOR CARS BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, YEAR 1971

LOCAL AUTHORITY HOUSEHOLDS WITH MOTOR CAR HOUSEHOLDS OWNED OR BUSINESS WITHOUT CAR AVAILABLE FOR USE CAR

ONE TWO OR MORE TOTAL

Mangonui County 1.044 304 1,348 389 Kaitaia Borough 497 197 694 161 Whangaroa County 269 66 335 121 Hokianga County 555 141 696 311 Bay of Islands County 1,998 644 2,642 829 Kaikohe Borough 424 154 578 212 Whangarei County 2,346 821 3,167 477 Whangarei City 4,767 1,982 6,749 1,732 Hikurangi T.D. 146 54 200 80 Hobson County 858 343 1,201 190 Dargaville Borough 709 255 964 242 Otanatea County 1,097 398 1,495 174 TOTAL NORTHLAND S.A. 14,692 5,359 20,051 4,951

TOTAL NEW ZEALAND 441,459 192,776 634,235 167,451

Kawakawa I.T. D Included in Bay of Islands County

SOURCE: 1. 1971 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS SUPPLEMENT NO. 1 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 19 F. HOUSEHOLDS - CARS, BOATS, HOLIDAY RESIDENCES, VEGETABLE PRODUCTION, FOWLS. 2. NEW ZEALAND CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS 1971 NEW ZEALAND SUMMARY, TABLE 19 F. HOUSEHOLDS - CARS BOATS, HOLIDAY RESIDENCES, VEGETABLE PRODUCTION, FOWLS. TABLE 3.35 : NORTHLAND, MEANS OF TRAVEL TO WORK BY LOCAL AUTHORITY, YEAR 1976

LOCAL AUTHORITY DRIVE CAR, PASSENGER IN MOTOR OR uic WORK AT TRUCK, OR CAR, TRUCK • VAN, TRAIN POWER CYCLE WALK ACTIVELY BUS HOME VAN OR FIRMS BUS OR BICYCLE ENGAGED No.

Mangonui County 37.4 8.3 2.3 0.2 2.1 8.8 32.1 2,659 Kaitaia Borough 51.0 7.1 1.5 0.3 4.2 27.0 3.8 1,564 Whangaroa County 39.8 5.7 0.3 0.2 3.0 11.3 31.7 665 RokiangaCounty 29.9 8.4 1.1 0.2 2.4 11.5 35.2 1,368 Bay of Islands County 39.7 7.8 2.4 0.2 3.1 17.6 19.8 6,241 Kaikohe Borough 46.4 8.5 2.7 - 2.5 33.0 3.8 1,277 Whangarei County 39.0 7.6 2.1 0.1 3.6 8.8 34.0 6,089 Whangarei city 56.1 13.0 7.2 0.04 4.5 11.3 2.4 13,520 liikurangi TO 49.2 10.5 10.5 - 3.3 17.2 3.3 419 Hobson County 26.7 5.6 1.3 - 4.1 4.7 53.7 2,083 Dargavilla Borough 53.7 7.3 0.3 0.2 5.4 27.7 2.8 1,653 Otamataa County 29.6 4.3 0.2 - 3.3 12.5 45.5 2,312 TOTAL NORTHLAND 44.5 9.2 3.8 0.1 3.7 13.5 18.7 40,064 TOTAL NEW ZEALAND 48.3 9.9 9.0 2.2 6.8 F11.2 8.8 Til 272,333 Includes other means, not specified and those persons unemployed. SOURCE: 1. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS BULLETIN NO. 3 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, TABLE 12 TRAVEL TO WORK. 2. 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS BULLETIN NO. 12 NEW ZEALAND REGIONAL SONMARY, TABLE 12 TRAVEL TO WORK. SECTION 4, HEALTH STATUS

INTRODUCTION

Health status is important in health planning as it provides an epidemiological baseline for determining which health problems need to be addressed and can raise questions about the emphasis and nature of health care,delivery. Data fork Northland and New Zealand have been provided so that differences can be noted and analysed. In addition, by comparing available resources with health status indicators, areas in need of changes in service provision can be identified..

Mortality

The age groups selected in the presentation of both mortality and hospitalisation data coincide as much as possible with lifecycle and lifestyle changes. They are used by WHO and in other Department of Health publications and should facilitate comparison with this data when necessary.

Infant mortality is a really important indicator of not only child health but of the overall health status of the population. Post-neonatal mortality is thought to more specifically reflect child care and health status. -

Information on infant mortality by birthweight has been included because of the high risk involved with low birthweight babies.

A detailed breakdown of post-neonatal mortality has been provided because this is a problem area in New Zealand and one where changes can hopefully be made.

Morbidity

The most extensive morbidity data system is the hospital admission and discharge system. However, hospitalisation rates are determined by the incidence of health disorders as well as a series of factors that decide the number and length of stay of persons in hospital. These factors include the distance to hospital, availability of beds, hospital policy and the availability of other community resources for the diagnosis and treatment of the disease or injury.

Other health status indicators included under the headings - community health and disability, dental health, notifiable diseases, immune status, child health screening and vision/hearing testing, provide a combination of information on both health status and service provision. Information from local surveys and epidemiological studies are often the only source of detailed comprehensive morbidity data. This information is not included in the handbook but should be used as a supplement to data already provided. 4/2

The Adequacy of Medical Statistics in New Zealand a report of a committee of the Medical Research Council of New Zealand, published in 1969, remains a very useful reference when considering health status data. Although some changes have occurred since its publication along the lines suggested by the committee, generally the statistics covered and the comments pertinent to them remain the same.

"Illness in New Zealand, both in incidence and in effects, is a largely unknown quantity. The incidence of sickness measured by hospital admissions and deaths is well known, whereas the incidence and impact of sickness outside of hospitals is not well known." (1) This statement from the Adequacy of Medical Statistics in New Zealand remains true, as there is a lack of readily available comprehensive morbidity data.

References

1 Adequacy of Medical Statistics in New Zealand; Report of an ad hoc committee of the Medical Research Council of New Zealand. - Wellington?: Medical Research Council of New Zealand, 1969. 4/3

TABLES AND FIGURES

MORTALITY Mortality Rates and Numbers Table 4.1 : New Zealand, trends in age specific death rates (number of deaths per 1,000 population), by sex, years 1951-1978. Table 4.2 Northland Hospital Board area and New Zealand total, deaths by age and sex, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, years 1974-1978. Cause of Death Table 4.3 : Northland Hospital Board area, mortality summary - major causes of death, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 mean population, 1974-1978. All ages. Table 4.4 : •New Zealand, mortality summary - major causes of death, number and rate per 1,000 mean population, 1978. All ages. Table 4.5 : Northland Hospital Board area, major causes of death, by sex, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1974-1978. Age, less than one year. Table 4.6 New Zealand, major causes of death, by sex, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1978. Age, less than one year. Table 4.7 : Northland Hospital Board area, major causes of death, by sex, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1974-1978. Age, 1-4 years. Table 4.8 : New Zealand, major causes of death, by sex, number and rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1978. Age, 1-4 years. Table 4.9 : Northland Hospital Board area, major causes of death, by sex, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1974-1978. Age, 5-14 years. Table 4.10 : New Zealand, major causes of death, by sex, number and rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1978. Age, 5-14 years. Table 4.11 Northland Hospital Board area, major causes of death, by sex, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1974-1978. Age, 15-24 years. Table 4.12 : New Zealand, major causes of death, by sex, number and rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1978. Age, 15-24 years. - Table 4.13 : Northland Hospital Board area, major causes of death, by-sex, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1974-1978. Age, 25-44 years. 4/4

Table 4.14 : New Zealand, major causes of death, by sex, number and rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1978. Age, 25-44 years. Table 4.15 Northland Hospital Board area, major causes of death, by sex, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1974-1978. Age, 45-64 years. Table 4.16 : New Zealand, major causes of death, by sex, number and rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1978. Age, 45-64 years. Table 4.17 Northland Hospital Board area, major causes of death, by sex, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1974-1978. Age, 45-64 years. Table 4.18 : New Zealand, major causes of death, by sex, number and rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1978. Age, 65-74 years. Table 4.19 : Northland Hospital Board area, major causes of death, by sex, average annual number and average annual rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1974-1978. Age, 75+ years. Table 4.20 : New Zealand, major causes of death, by sex, number and rate per 1,000 age specific mean population, 1978. Age, 75+ years. Infant Mortality Table 4.21 : Northland and New Zealand total,births and deaths by birthweight, rates per 1,000 births (total or live births as appropriate) for hospital board area in which mother lived, years 1975-1978 aggregated. Table 4.22 Northland Hospital Board area (mothers usual domicile), post- neonatal mortality by cause of death, year 1979. HOSPITALISATION Table 4.23 : Northland Hospital Board, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private),. 1979. All ages. Table 4.24 New Zealand, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), 1979. All ages. Table 4.25 Northland Hospital Board, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public only), by sex, 1979. Age, less than oneyear. Table 4.26 : New Zealand, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes 1 general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age, less than one year. Table 4.27 Northland Hospital Board, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals-(public and private), by sex, 1979. Age 1-4 years.

4/5

Table 4.28 New Zealand, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age 1-4 years. Table, 4.29 Northland Hospital Board, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age, 5-14 years. Table 4.30 New Zealand, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. I Age, 5-14 years. Table 4.31 Northland Hospital Board, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hôsptials (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age, 15-24 years. Table 4.32 : New Zealand, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age, 15-24 years. Table 4.33 : Northland Hospital Board, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age, 25-44 years. Table 4.34 New Zealand, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age, 25-44 years. - Table 4.35 Northland Hospital Board, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex; 1979. Age, 45-64 yeaks. Table 4.36 : New Zealand, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age, •45-64 years. Table 4.37 : Northland Hospital Board, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age 65-74 years. Table 4.38 : New Zealand, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age, 65-74 years. Table 4.39 : Northland Hospital Board, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by sex, 1979. Age, 75+ years.

Table 4.40 : New Zealand, total patient days and hospital admissions by major causes, general hospitals (public and private), by.sex, 1979. Age, 75+ years. 4/6

Table 4.41 : Northland Hospital Board residents, admissions and readmissions to psychiatric hospitals, psychiatric .units of public hospitals and salvation army institutions, by diagnosis, by sex, numbers and rates per 100,000 mean population, year 1979. Table 4.42 New Zealand total, admissions and readmissions to psychiatric hospitals, psychiatric units of public hospitals and salvation army institutions, by diagnosis, by sex, numbers and rates per 100,000 mean population, year 1979. Table 4.43 : Northland Hospital Board residents, specialist referrals to. public general hospitals by hospital board, excluding own board, by hospital department, patient admissions and days stay, by age and sex, year 1979. Table 4.44 : New Zealand public general hospitals, travellers in and out of each board (all patients except psychiatric), number and percentage, year 1978.. OTHER HEALTH STATUS INDICATORS Community Health and Disability Reference Blindness register. Table 4.45 Whangarei health district and New Zealand total, congenital anomalies notified according to the health district in which mother lived, number and rate per 1,000 notified births, July 1980-June 1981. Dental Health Table 4.46 : Whangarei health district and New Zealand total, mean number of missing and-filled permanent teeth per child in Form II, year 1981. Table 4.47 Whangarei health district, communities with fluoridated public water supplies, year 1980. Table 4.48 Whangarei health district and New Zealand total, number and percentage of population on public water supply receiving fluoridated water, year 1980. Notifiable Diseases Table 4.49 : Whangarei health district and New Zealand total, notifiable diseases reported for the years ended 31 December 1978, 1979, 1980. Immune Status Table 4.50 : Whangarei health district and New Zealand total, number and percentage of children immunised with triple, measles and rubella vaccines, years 1977 to 1980. Child Health Screening Table 4.51 : Whangarei health district and New Zealand-total, number and percentage of notifications completed.or received for infants examined at birth and at 9 months, and number of anomalies found, years 1980, 1981. 4/7

Child Vision/Hearin g Defects Table 4.52 Whangarei health district and New Zealand total, child vision testing, number tested and number and percentage with suspected defects, years ended 31 December 1979 and 1980. Table 4.53 Whangarei health district and New Zealand total, child hearing testing, number tested and number and percentage with suspected defects, years ended 31 December 1979 and 1980. TABLE 4.1 : NEW ZEALAND TRENDS OF AGE SPECIFIC DEATH RATES (NUMBER OF DEATHS PER 1,000 POPULATION), BY SEX, YEARS 1951-1978

TAge Group I 1951 1956 1961 1966 1971 1976 1978

Less than 1 year Male 34.0 26.6 28.1 20.4 18.8 16.0 15.9 Female 23.9 22.0 20.9 14.7 15.8 12.8 11.2 1-4 Male 1.9 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.8 Female 1.6 1.6 1.2 1.1 0.8 0.7 0.6 5-14 Male 0.8 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 Female 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3

15 - 24 Male 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.7 1.6 Female 0.9 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6

25-44 Male 2.5 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1 1.8 1.8 Female 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.1 45-64 Male 13.1 11.5 12.5 13.4 13.3 12.3 12.3 Female 9.4 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.3 7.2 7.0 65-74 Male 47.4 47.1 47.6 51.6 48.4 47.5 45.4 Female 32.6 29.8 29.7 29.2 25.5 25.2 23.9 75+ Male 124.5 125.2 124.7 139.3 137.6 129.9 114.9 Female 112.0 100.2 103.6 103.5 100.1 94.3 86.7

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1978 - PAGE 22. TABLE 6. NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 4.2 NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, DEATHS BY AGE AND SEX, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, YEARS 1974-1978

AGE GROUPS AREA SEX <1 1-4 5-14 15-24 25-44 45-64 65-74 75+ TOTAL

NUMBER (rounded to the nearest whole figure) Northland M 18 4 5 16 27 130 134 139 473 F 14 3 5 5 15 72 69 135 317

New Zealand H 484 109 142 483 745 3595 3880 4447 13884 F 332 85 92 166 468 2093 2483 5690 11408

RATE PER 1000 Northland M 18.2 0.8 0.4. 1.9 2.1 12.4 42.8 112.2 8.8 F 15.8 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.2 7.1 22.9 81.7 6.0

New Zealand M 17.8 0.9 0.4 1.7 1.9 12.4 46.4 125.7 8.9 F 12.8 0.7 0.3 0.6 1.2 7.1 25.2 92.0 7.3

Based on the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings The rate is calculated on the unrounded figure for number of deaths.

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA (1974) (1975) (1976) (1977) (1978), NEW ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORTS, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON. TABLE 4.3 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA, MORTALITY SUMMARY - MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 MEAN POPULATION, 1974-1978 ALL AGES

CAUSE I.C.D. AVERAGE AVERAGE CODE ANNUAL ANNUAL NUMBER RATE

Heart disease 410-429 246.2 2.3 • ischaemic 410-414 227.4 2.1 • other 420-429 18.8 0.2

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 164.6 1.5 • trachea, bronchus, lung 162 36.4 0.3 • colon, rectum 153,154 24.2 0.2 • genito-urinary 180-189 25.2 0.2 • breast 174 12.2 0.1 • other ---- 66.6 0.6

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 87.2 0.8

Respiratory diseases 460-519 61.6 0.6 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 26.6 0.2 • pneumonia 480-486 28.2 0.3 • other ---- 6.8 0.1

Accidents E800-999 68.6 0.6 • motor vehicle E810-827 31.4 0.3 • suicide E950-959 7.8 0.1 • other ---- 29.4 0.3

Diseases of arteries 440-448 22.2 0.2

Diabetes 250 20.0 0.2

Other causes ---- 120.0 1.1

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 790.4 7.4

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. Enquiries for further information should be directed to: Chief Health Statistician, National Health Statistics Centre, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington. TABLE 4.4 : NEW ZEALAND MORTALITY SUMMARY -MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, NUMBER AND RATE PER 1,000 MEAN POPULATION, 1978 ALL AGES

CAUSE I.C.D. CODE NO. RATE

Heart disease 410-429 7,785 2.5 • ischaemic 410-414 6,972 - 2.2 • other 420-429 813 0.3

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 5,211 1.7 • trachea, bronchus, lung 162 1,048 0.3 • colon, rectum 153,154 893 0.3 • genito urinary 180-189 845 0.3 • breast - 174 437 0.1 • other ---- 1,988 0.6

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 2,995 1.0

Respiratory diseases 460-519 2,510 0.8 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 1,207 0.4 • pneumonia 480-486 1,072 0.3 • other ---- 231 0.1

Accidents E800-999 1,866 0.6 • motor vehicle E810-827 697 0.2 • suicide E950-959 322 0.1 • other ---- 847 0.3

Diseases of arteries 440-448 709 0.2

Diabetes 250 342 0.1

Other causes ---- 3,260 1.0

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 24,678 7.9

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1978, NEW ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORT, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON, NZ. TABLE 4.5 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA, MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1974-1978 AGE, LESS THAN ONE YEAR

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I C D CAUSE -- CODE NO... RATE NO. RATE NO., RATE

Perinatal morbidity and mortality 760-779 9.2 9.5 7.8 8.7 17.0 9.1

Congenital anomalies 740-759 6.4 6.6 3.8 4.2 10.2 5.5

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 2.6 2.7 2.6 2.9 5.2 2.8

Respiratory diseases 460-519 36.8 38.1 24.8 27.6 61.6 33.1 • pneumonia 480-486 13.6 14.1 14.6 16.3 28.2 15.1 • other ---- 23.2 24.0 10.2 11.4 33.4 17.9

Infectious diseases 000-136 3.6 3.7 2.8 3.1 6.4 3.4

Other causes ---- 414.6 429.6 275.4 306.7 690.0 370.4

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 473.2 490.4 317.2 353.2 790.4 424.3

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA,NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

• 1

TABLE 4.6 : NEW ZEALAND MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, NUMBER ANI) RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1978 AGE, LESS THAN ONE YEAR

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I C D CAUSE CODE NO. RATE NO • RATE NO. RATE

Perinatal morbidity and mortality 760-779 134 5.1 95 3.8 229 4.4

Congenital anomalies 740-759 96 • 3.6 64 2.5 160 3.1

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 69 2.6 44 1.7 113 2.2

Respiratory diseases 460-519 51 1.9 40 1.6 91 1.8 pneumonia 480-486 41 1.6 29 1.1 70 1.4 other ---- 10 0.4 11 0.4 21 0.4

Infectious diseases 000-136 24 0.9 10 0.4 34 0.7

Other causes ---- 45 1.7 31 1.2 76 1.5

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 419 15.9 284. 11.2 703 13.6

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1978, NEW ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORT, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON, NZ. TABLE 4.7 NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA, MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1974-1978 AGE, 1-4 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I. C D. CAUSE - - CODE NO." RATE NO. BATE NO. RATE

Accidents E800-999 1.8 0.4 1.6 0.4 3.4 0.4 • motor vehicle E810-827 0.4 0.1 0.6 0.1 1.0 0.1 • other ---- 1.4 0.3 1.0 0.2 2.4 0.3

Congenital anomalies 740-759 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.1 1.6 0.2

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 - - 0.2 0.0 0,2 0.0

RespiratorydiSeaSeS 460-519 0.2 0.0 - - 0.2 0.0

Infectious diseases 000-136 0.4 0.1 - - 0.4 0.0

Other causes ---- 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.8 0.1

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 3.8 0.8 2.8 0.6 6.6 0.7

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.8 NEW ZEALAND MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, NUMBER AND RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1978 AGE, 1-4 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I . C. D. CAUSE CODE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE

Accidents E800-999 43 0.4 27 0.3 70 0.3 motor vehicle E810-827 14 0.1 12 0.1 26 0.1, other ---- 29 0.3 15 0.1 44 0.2

Congenital anomalies 740-759 11 . 0.1 8 0.1 19 0.1

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 5 0.0 13 0.1 18 0.1

Respiratory diseases 460-519 9 0.1 7 0.1 16 0.1

Infectious diseases 000-136 10 0.1 0 - 10 0.0

Other causes ---- 12 0.1 9 0.1 21 0.1

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 90 0.8 64 0.6 154 0.7

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1978, NEW ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORT, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON, NZ. TABLE 4.9 NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA, MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1974-1978 AGE, 5-14 YEARS

I. C. D. MALE FEMALE TOTAL CAUSE CODE - NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE

Accidents . E800-999 4.2 0.3 1.6 0.1 5.8 0.2 motor vehicle E810-827 2.4 0.2 0.8 0.1 3.2 0.1 other ---- 1.8 0.1 0.8 0.1 2.6 0.1

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 0.6 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.8 0.0

Respiratory diseases 460-519 - - 0.4 0.0 0.4 0.0

Congenital anomalies 740-759 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.0

Other causes - ---- 0.2 0.0 2.2 0.2.2.4 0.1

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES - 5.4 0.4 4.6 0.4 10.0 0.4

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.10 : NEW ZEALAND MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, NUMBER AND RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1978 AGE, 5-14 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL CAUSE CODE NO., RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE

Accidents E800-999 74 0.2 27 0.1 1017 0.2 • motor vehicle E810-827 27 0.1 17 0.1 44-40.1 • other ---- 47 0.1 10 0.0 57 0. 1,

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 15 0.0 13 - 0.0 28 0.0

Respiratory diseases 4607519 8 0.0 - 9 0.0 17 0.0

Congenital anomalies 740-759 8 0.0 6 0.0 14 0.0

Other causes ---- 19 0.1 21 0.1 40 0.1

.1 TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 124 0.4 76 0.3 200 0.3

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1978, NEW ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORT, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON, NZ.

TABLE 4.11 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA, MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND, AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1974-1978 AGE, 15-24 YEARS

• MALE FEMALE TOTAL I.C.D. CAUSE - - CODE NO. --RATE NO.. RATE - NO. RATE

Accidents\ E800-999 12.6 1.5 3.0 0.4 15.6 09 • motor vehicles E810-827 8.4 1.0 2.6 0.3 11.0 0.7 .. _suicide E950-959 0.6 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.8 0.0 • other ---- 3.6 0:4 0.2 0.0 "3.8 0.2 -

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 0.8 0.1 0.6 0.1 1.4 0:1

Respiratory diseases 460-519 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.1 0:8 0.0

Heart disease 410-429 ------

Other causes ---- 2.6 0.3 0.4 0.0 3.0 0.2

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES - 16.2"- 1.9 4.6 0.6 20:8 1.2

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENT.E : DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 4.12 : NEW ZEALAND MAJOR CAUSES OF. DEATH, BY SEX, NUMBER AND RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1978 - AGE. 15-24 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I C D CAUSE CODE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO, RATE

Accidents E800-999 369 1.3 101 0.4 470 0.8 • motor vehicle E810-827 212 0.7 71 0.3 283W 0.5 • suicide E950-959 47 0.2 8 0.0 55 0.1 • other ---- 110 0.4 22 0.1 132 .0.2

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 23 041 17 0.1 40 0.1

Respiratory dieases 460-519 20 0.1 9 0.0 29 0.1

Heart disease 410-429 15 0.1 5 0.0 20 0.0

Other causes ---- 55 0.2 32 0.1 87 0.2

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 482 1.6 164 0.6 646 1.1

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1978, NEW-ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORT, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON, NZ. TABLE 4.13 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA, MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1974-1978 AGE, 25-44 YEARS

- MA FEMALE TOTAL I C D CAUSE CODE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE

Accidents E800-999 13.2 1.0 2.2 0.2 15.4 0.6 motor vehicle E810-827 5.6 0.4 1.2 0.1 6.8 0.3 • suicide E950-959 2.0 0.2 0.6 0.0 2.6 0.1 • other ---- 5.6 0.4 0.4 0.0 6.0 0.2

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 4.6 0.4 5.4 0.4 10.0 0.4

Heart disease 410-429 4.6 0.4 2.6 - 0.2 - 7.2 0.3 ischaemic 410-414 4.4 0.3 2.0 0.2 6.4 0.3 • other 420-429 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.8 0.0

Respiratory diseases 460-519 0.6 0.0 0.4 0.0 1.0 0.0

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 0.6 0.0 1.8 0.1 2.4 0,1

Other causes- ---- 3.8, 0.3 - 2.8 0.2 - 6.6 0.3

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 27.4, 2.1 15.2 1.2 42.6 1.7

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.14 NEW ZEALAND MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, NUMBER AND RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1978

AGE, 25-44 YEARS (\.

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I . C. D. I] CAUSE CODE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE

Accidents E800-999 330 0.8 96 0.2 426 0.5 • motor vehicle E810-827 104 0.3 34 0.1 138 0.2 • suicide E950-959 64 0.2 30 0.1 94 0.1 • other ---- 162 0.4 32 0.1 194- . O. 2

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 147 0.4 150 0.4 297 0.4

Heart disease. 410-429 106 0.3 52 0.1 158 .0.2 • ischaemic 410-414 89 0.2 37 0.1 126 0.2 • other 420-429 17 0.0 15 0.0 32 0.0

Respiratory diseases 460-519 43 0.1 40 0.1 83 0.1

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 24 0.1 28 0.1 52 0.1.

Other causes ---- 93 0.2 90 0.2 183 0.2

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 743 1.8 456 1.1 1199 1.5

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1978, NEW ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORT, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON, NZ.

TABLE 4.15 NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA, MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1974-1978 AGE, 45-64 YEARS

I C D. MALE FEMALE TOTAL - CAUSE - CODE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE

Heart disease 410-429 53.2 5.1 17.2 1.7 70.4 3.4 ischaemic, 410-414 51.6 4.9 15.6 1.5 67.2 3.3 other 420-429 1.6 0.2 1.6 0.2 3.2 0.2

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 31.8 3.0 27.6 2.7. 59.4 2.9 trachea, bronchus, lung 162 11.6 1.1 4.0 0.4 15.6 0.8 ;• colon, rectum 153,154 4.6 0.4 4.4 0.4 9.0 0.4 • genito urinary 180-189 3.0 0.3 4.6 0.5 .7.6 0.4 • breast 174 - - 6.0 0.6 6.0 0.3 • other ------•- 12.6 1.2 8.6 0.9 21.2 1.0 -

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 7.0 0.7 6.4. 0.6 13.4 0.7

Accidents E800-999 .10.0 1.0 2.6 0.3 12.6 0.6 • suicide E950-959 3.0 0.3 0.6 0.1 3.6 0.2 4motor vehicle E810-827 3.8 0.4 1.6 0.2 5.4 0.3 • other ---- 3.2 0.3 0.4 0.0 3.6 0.2

Respiratory diseases 460-519 7.6 0.7 3.8 0.4 11.4 0.6

Diseases of liver . 570-577 1.6 0.2 1.6 0.2 3.2 0.2

Diabetes 250 3.6 0.3 3.4 0.3 7.0 0.3

Other causes ---- 15.2 1.5 9.4 0.9 24.6 1.2

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 130.0 12.4 72.0 7.1 202.0 9.8

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. - TABLE 4.16 : NEW ZEALAND MAOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, NUMBER AND RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1978 AG, 45-64 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL ICD CAUSE CODE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE

410-429 1428 5.0 431 1.5 1859 3.2 Heart disease • ischaemic 410-414 1348 4.7 408 1.4 1756 3.1 other 420-429 80 0.3 23 0.1 103 0.2

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 938 3.3 822 2.9 1760 3.1 • trachea, bronchus, lung 162 305 1.1 101 0.4 406 0.7 • colon, rectum 153,154 151 0.5 139 0.5 290 0.5 • genito urinary 180-189 82 0.3 148 0.5 230 0.4 • breast 174 3 - 0.01 197 0.7 200 0.3 • other ---- 397 1.4 237 0.8 634 1.1

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 235 0.8 200 0.7 435 0.8

Accidents E800-999 234 0.8 117 0.4 351 0.6 • suicide E950-959 61 0.2 55 0.2 116 0.2 • motor vehicle E810-827 72 0.3 38 0.1 110 0.2 other ---- 101 0.4 24 0.1 125 0.2

Respiratory diseases 460-519 218 0.8 131 0.5 349 0.6

Diseases of liver 570-577 77 0.3 33 0.1 110 0.2

Diabetes 250 52 0.2 36 0.1 88 0.2

Other causes ---- 348 1.2 247 0.9 595 1.0

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES - 3530 12.3 2017 7.0 5547 9.6

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1978, NEW ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORT, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON, NZ. TABLE 4.17 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA, MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1974-1978 AGE, 65-74 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I C D CAUSE CODE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE

Heart disease 410-429 55.0 17.6 23.8 7.9 78.8 12.8 • ischaemic 410-414 53.0 17.0 22.8 7.6 75.8 12.3 • other 420-429 2.0 0.6 1.0 0.3 3.0 0.5

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 38.0 12.2 15.8 5.2 53.8 8.8 • trachea, bronchus, lung 162 12.8 4.1 3.0 1.0 15.8 2.6 • genito-urinary 180-189 5.4 1.7 2.2 0.7 7.6 1.2 colon, rectum 153,154 4.2 1.3 2.8 0.9 7.0 1.1 • breast 174 - - 1.8 0.6 1.8 0.3 other ---- 15.6 5.0 6.0 2.0 21.6 3.5

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 13.6 4.4 7.2 2.4 20.8 3.4

Respiratory diseases 460-519 7.6 2.4 4.4 1.5 12.0. 2.0 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 5.2 1.7 1.4 0.5 6.6 1.1 • pneumonia 480-486 2.0 0.6 2.0 0.7 4.0 0.7 • other ---- 0.4 0.1 1.0 0.3 1.4 0.2

Diseases of arteries 440-448 3.6 1.2 1.8 0.6 5.4 0.9

Accidents E800-999 2.8 0.9 2.2 0.7 5.0 0.8

Digestive system diseases 520-577 3.4 1.1 1.4 0.5 4.8 0.8

Other causes ---- 9.8 3.1 12.4 4.1 22.2 3.6

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 133.8 42.8 69.0 22.9 202.8 33.0

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.18 : NEW ZEALAND MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, NUMBER AND RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1978 AGE, 65474 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I.C.D. CAUSE CODE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE

Heart disease 410-429 1574 18.0 831 8.1 2405 12.7 ischaemic 410-414 1502 17.2 785 7.7 2287 12.1 • other 420-429 72 0.8 46 0.4 118 0.6

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 955 10.9 659 6.4 1614 8.5 • trachea, bronchus, lung 162 322 3.7 78 0.8 400 2.1 • genito-urinary 180-189 167 1.9 126 1.2 293 1.5 • colon, rectum 153,154 121 1.4 131 1.3 252 1.3 • breast 174 1 0.0 99 1.0 100 0.5 • other ---- 344 3.9 225 2.2 569 3.0

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 412 4.7 349 3.4 761 4.0

Respiratory diseases 460-519 416 4.8 169 1.7 585 3.1 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 301 3.4 85 0.8 386 2.0 • pneumonia 480-486 89 1.0 65 0.6 154 0.8 • other ---- 26 0.3 19 0.2 45 0.2

Diseases of arteries 440-448 119 1.4 54 0.5 173 0.9

Accidents E800-999 97 1.1 55 0.5 152 0.8

Digestive system diseases 520-577 75 0.9 71 0.7 146 0.8

Other causes ---- 313 3.6 264 2.6 577 3.0

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES ---- 3961 45.4 2452 23.9 6413 33.8

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1978, NEW ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORT, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON, NZ. TABLE 4.19 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA, MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1974-1978 AGE, 75+ YEARS

MALE I C D FEMALE TOTAL CAUSE CODE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. - RATE

Heart disease 410-429 50.0 40.4 39.6 24.0 89.6 31.0 • ischaemic 410-414 43.6 35.2 34.4 20.9 78.0 27.0 • other 420-429 6.4 5.2 5.2 3.2 11.6 4.0

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 20.6 16.6 29.8 18.1 50.4 17.5

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 21.8 17.6 17.2 10.4 39.0 13.5 • colon, rectum 153,154 3.0 2.4 3.4 2.1 6.4 2.2 • genito-urinary 180-189 7.2 5.8 1.4 0.9 8.6 3.0 • trachea, bronchus, lung 162 3.4 2.7 1.2 0.7 4.6 1.6 • breast 174 - - 3.0 1.8 3.0 1.0 • other ---- 8.2 6.6 2.2 1.3 16.4 5.7

Respiratory diseases 460-519 18.4 14.9 13.4 8.1 31.8 11.0 • pneumonia 480-486 9.0 7.3 10.4 6.3 19.4 6.7 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 8.2 6.6 2.2 1.3 10.4 3.6 • other ---- 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.5 2.0 0.7

Diseases of arteries 440-448 5.8 4.7 7.2 4.4 13.0 4.5

Accidents E800-999 4.0 3.2 5.8 3.5 9.8 3.4

Digestive system diseases 520-577 2.8 2.3 5.4 3.3 8.2 2.8

Other causes ---- 15.6 12.6 16.2 9.8 31.8 11.0

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 139.0 112.2 134.6 . 81.7 273.6 94.8

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.20 : NEW ZEALAND MAJOR CAUSES OF DEATH, BY SEX, NUMBER AND RATE PER 1,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION, 1978 AGE, 75- YEARS

MALE FEMALE I C D TOTAL CAUSE CODE NO. RATE NO. RATE NO. RATE

Heart disease 410-429 1502 40.5 1834 28.6 3336 33.0 • ischaemic 410-414 1316 35.5 1485 23.2 2801 27.7 • other 420-429 186 5.0 349 5.4 535 5.3

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 583 15.7 1155 18.0 1738 17.2

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 715 19.3 732 11.4 1447 14.3 • colon, rectum 153,154 123 3.3 187 2.9 310 3.1 • genito-urinary 180-189 179 4.8 97 1.5 276 2.7 • trachea, bronchus, lung 162 173 4.7 45 0.7 218 2.2 • breast 174 2 0.1 95 1.5 97 1.0 • other ---- 238 6.4 308 4.8 546 5.4

Respiratory diseases 460-519 682 18.4 658 10.3 1340 13.2 • pneumonia 480-486 294 7.9 462 7.2 756 7.5 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 347 9.4 120 1.9 467 4.6 • other ---- 41 1.1 76 1.2 117 1.2

Diseases of arteries 440-448 192 5.2 251 3.9 443 4.4

Accidents E800-999 97 2.6 181 2.8 278 2.7

Digestive system diseases 520-577 91 2.5 168 2.6 259 2.6

Other causes ---- 396 10.7 579 9.0 975 9.6

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES ---- 4258 114.9 5558 86.7 9816 97.0

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1978, NEW ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORT, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON, NZ. TABLE 4,21 NORTHLAND AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, BIRTHS AND DEATHS BY BIRTHWEIGHT, RATES PER 1,060 BIRTHS (TOTAL OR LIVE BIRTHS AS APPROPRIATE) FOR HOSPITAL BOARD AREA IN WHICH MOTHER LIVED, YEARS 175-1978 AGGREGATED

BIRTHS AND DEATHS NORTHLAND NEW ZEALAND MC. (4 year total), AND BIRTHWEIGHT BIRTHWEIGHT RATE PER 1000 WEIGHT SPECIFIC <2500 2500 Total incl. <2500 >2500 Total incl. TOTAL/LIVE BIRTHS (4 year average) grins grins not weighed grins grins not weighed

Total Births No. 458 7121 7596 12167 206196 218628

Late Fetal Deaths Rate 59.0 2.7 6.1 80.6 3.3 7.7 Perinatal Deaths Rate 196.5 4.9 16.9 162.7 5.6 14.3

Live Births No. 431 7102 7550 11186 205520 216952

Early Neonatal Deaths Rate 146.2 2.3 10.9 89.3 2.4 7.0 Neonatal Deaths Rate n.a n.a 11.7 n.a n.a 8.3 Post Neonatal Deaths Rate n.a n.a 6.4 n.a n.a 6.3 All Infant Deaths Rate n.a n.a 18.0 n.e n.a 14.5

SOURCE: 1. INFANT AND FETAL DEATHS, (1975) (1976) (1977) (1978), PUBLISHED BY THE NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON. 2. UNPUBLISHED DATA AVAILABLE FROM THE NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE.

Definitions:

Late fetal death rate: number of late fetal deaths (still-births) per 1000 total births (live plus late fetal deaths).

Early neonatal death rate: numbers of deaths occurring before the 168th completed hour of life (7 days) per 1,000 live births.

Perinatal death rate: number of late fetal deaths (still-births) plus early neonatal deaths (under 168 hours) per 1000 total births (live plus late fetal deaths)

Neonatal death rate: number of deaths before the 28th day of life per 1000 live births.

Post-neonatal death rate: number of deaths between the 28th day and first year of life per 1000 live births.

Infant death rate: number of deaths before the first year of life is completed per 1000 live births.

Further information on infant mortality in New Zealand may be obtained in the recent publication; FRASER, J. - Post-neonatal mortality. Results of a National Survey 1978-79. - Wellington : Department of Health, 1982. - (Special report series NZ Dept of Health ; no. 61). TABLE 4,22 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD AREA (MOTHERS USUAL DOMICILE), POST-NEONATAL MORTALITY BY CAUSE OF DEATH, YEAR 1979

I.C.D. NUMBER CAUSE OF DEATH TOTAL

036 Meningococcal infection 1 320 Bacterial meningitis 2 422 Acute myocarditis 1 485 Bronchopneumonia, organism unspecified 1 741 Spina bifida 1 747 Other congenital anoms circulatory system 1 758 Chromosomal anomalies 1 768 Intrauterine hypoxia and birth asphyxia 1 798 Sudden death, cause unknown 5 TOTAL 14

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

Enquiries for further information should be directed to: Chief Health Statistician National Health Statistics Centre P0 Box 6314 TeAro Wellington TABLE 4.23: NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), 1979. ALL AGES

TOTAL I. CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS No No

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 13,694 8.9 202 1.3

Accidents N800-999 19,492 12.7 2,472 16.4 • fracture upper, lower limbs N810-829 8,036 5.2 602 4.0 • other ---- 11,456 7.5 1,870 12.4

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 13,132 8.5 732 4.9 cerebral paralysis, epilepsy etc 340-349 9,247 6.0 167 1.1 • other ---- 3,585 2.5 565 3.8

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 7,518 4.9 994 6.6

Mental disorders 290-315 14,316 9.3 443 2.9

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 7,523 4.9 617 4.1 genito-urinary 180-189 1,315 0.9 122 0.8 colon, rectum 153,154 1,503 1.0 71 0.5 • lung 162 1,115 0.7 79 0.5 breast 174 806 0.5 67 0.4 • other ---- 2,784 1.8 278 1.8

Heart disease 410-429 7,944 5.2 580 3.9 • ischaemic 410-414 3,605 2.3 335 2.2 • other 420-429 4,339 2.8 245 1.6

Musculoskeletal diseases 710-738 6,397 4.2 709 4.7 • arthritis, rheumatism 710-718 2,113 1.4 176 1.2 other ---- 4,284 2.8 533 3.5

Respiratory diseases 460-519 10,042 6.5 1,754 11.6 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 3,053 2.0 432 2.9 • pneumonia 480-486 2,431 1.6 266 1.8 • other ---- 4,558 3.0 1,056 7.0

Digestive system diseases 520-577 11,178 7.3 1,576 10.5

Supplementary classifications Y00-Y79 5,896 3.8 955 6.3

Diseases of arteries 440-448 7,524 4.9 111 0.7

Diseases of female genital organs 610-629 5,239 3.4 932 6.2

Other causes --- 23,724 15.4 2,986 19.8

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 153,619 100 15,063 100

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. Enquiries for further information should be directed to: Chief Health Statistician, National Health Statistics Centre, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington. 42 TABLE 4.24: NEW ZEALAND TOTALPATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), 1979. ALL AGES

I.C.D.TOTAL CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS No No

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 630,993 11.3 7,279 1.8

Accidents N800-999 590,721 10.6 52,910 13.4 • fracture upper, lower limbs N810-829 288,573 5.2 13,644 3.4 other ---- 302,148 5.4 39,266 9.9

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 536,896 9.6 26,966 6.8 • cerebral paralysis, epilepsy etc 340-349 400,819 7.2 5,458 1.4 other ---- 136,077 2.4 21,508 5.4

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 531,914 9.5 25,212 6.4

Mental disorders 290-315 394,526 7.0 10,366 2.6

6.8 23,r45 5.8 Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 378,601 4,800 1.2 180-189 73,343 1.3 • genito-urinary 2,518 0.6 153,154 59,620 1.1 colon, rectum 2,635 0.7 162 42,683 0.8 Lung 1,932 0.5 174 32,433 0.6 • breast 3.0 11,260 2.8 • other ---- 170,522

Heart disease 410-429 377,245 6.7 17,628 4.5 • ischaemic 410-414 180,200 3.2 11,418 2.9 • other 420-429 197,045 3.5 6,210 1.6

Musculoskeletal diseases 710-738 346,445 6.2 21,101 5.3 • arthritis, rheumatism 710-718 203,917 3.6 6,346 1.6 other ---- 142,528 2.6 14,755 3.7

Respiratory diseases 460-519 336,236 6.0 40,425 10.2 bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 132,303 2.4 12,126 3.1 • pneumonia 480-486 97,933 1.7 4,987 1.3 • other ---- 106,000 1.9 23,312 5.9

Digestive system diseases 520-577 290,318 5.2 34,985 8.8

Supplementary classifications Y00-Y79 146,267 2.6 27,289 6.9

Diseases of arteries 440-448 128,363 2.3 3,895 1.0

Diseases of female genital organs 610-629 112,996 2.0 20,656 5.2

83,838 21.2 Other causes ---- 795,329 14.2

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 5,596,850 100 395,655 100

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. Enquiries for further information should be directed to: Chief health Statistician, National Health Statistics Centre, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellingtoi. TABLE 4.25: NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC ONLY), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, LESS THAN ONE YEAR

FEMALE TOTAL I C D ______CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS No No No No No % No

Peririatal morbidity 760-779 52 9 59 5 111 3.7 14 2.9

Congenital anomalies 740-759 91 10 143 13 244 7.8 23 4.8

Respiratory diseases 460-519 503 78 215 40 718 23.9 118 24.6 • acute respiratory infection 460-466 363 56 112 24 475 £5.8 80 16.7 • pneumonia 480-486 72 9 51 10 123 4.1 194.0 other ---- 68 13 52 6 120 4.0 19 4.0

Supplementary classifications YO0-Y79 219 42 290 59 509 16.9 101 21.0

Infectious diseases 000-136 165 27 210 27 375 12.5 54 11.3 intestinal infection 000-009 151 23 91 21 242 8.0 44 9.2 other ---- 14 4 119 6 133 4.4 10 2.1

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 81 18 21 10 108 3.6 28 5.8

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 71 13 208 13 279 9.3 26 5.4 • ear 380-389 39 9 26 5 65 2.2 14 2.9 other ---- 32 4 182 8 214 7.1 12 2.5

Accidents N800-999 29 5 83 8 112 3.7 13 2.7

Endocrine, nutritional, metabolic, - diseases 240-279 22 4 46 8 68 2.3 12 2.5

Hernia 550-553 199 41 42 5 241 8.0 46 9.6

Other causes ---- 118 23 137 22 255 8.5 45 9.4

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 1,556 270 1,454 210 3,010 100 480 100

. No private hospital admissions SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 4.26: NEW ZEALAND TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HbSPITALS (PUBL IC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, LESS, THAN ONE YEAR

MALE FEMALE TOTAL PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS % No NO NO NO No No

22,480 1,848 48.505 35.9 4,079 24.6 perinatal morbidity 760-779 26.025 2.231

8,640 724 19,238 14.2 1,597 9.6 Congenital anomalies 740-759 10,598 873

5,986 917 16,667 12.3 2,316 14.0 hespiratory.diseases 460-519 10,681 1,399 3,025 582 9,332 6.9 1,471 8.9 • acute respiratory infection 460-466 6,307 889 2,154 240 5,045 3.7 563 3.4 • pneumonia 480-486 2,891 323 807 95 2,290 1.7 282 1.7 • other ---- 1,483 187

891 13,489 10.0 2,028 12.2 Supplementary classifications y00-Y79 6,758 1,137 6,731

748 11,132 8.2 1,662 10.0 infectious diseases 000-136 5.989 914 5,143 335 7,672 5.7 1,241 7.5 000-009 4,352 706 3,320 • intestinal infection 213 3,460 2.5 421 2.5 • other -.-- 1,637 208 1,823

2,648 763 6,096 4.5 1,684 10.2 Symptoms, ill defined conditions 80-796 3,448 921

292 4,433 3.3 670 4.3 Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 2,508 378 1,925 157 1,693 1.3 355 2.1 • ear 380-389 775 198 918 133 2,740 2.0 315 1.9 other --- 1,733 180 1,007

194 3,626 2.7420 2.1 Accidents N800-999 1,402 226 2,224

EndocrLne, %utritional, metabolic 1,769 205 3,062 2.3 396 2.4 diseases 240-279 1,293 191

113 2,459 1.8 700 4.2 tIcrflJa 550-553 2,080 507 379

2,691 348 6,306 4.7 1,029 6.2 Other causes .--- 3,615 681

7,043 135.013 100 16,581 100 roVAL: ALL CAUSES 74,397 9,538 60,616

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH TABLE 4.27: NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 1-4 YEARS

MALE - FEMALE TOTAL I.C.D. CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS No No No No No % No

Respiratory diseases 460-519 845 240 651 155 1,496 32.9 395 39.8 acute respiratory infection 460-466 266 71 154 45 420 9.2 116 11.7 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 196 65 246 38 442 9.7 103 10.4 • pneumonia 480-486 189 32 105 20- 294 . 6.5 52 5.2 • upper respiratory tract disease 500-508 193 71 141 51 334 7.3 122 12.3 • other ---- 1 1 5 1 6 0.2 2 0.2

Accidents N880-999 481 99 286 72 767 16.9 171 17.2 • burns N940-949 116 12 - 58 7 174 3.8 19 1.9 • fracture upper, lower limbs N810-829 115 15 20 6 , 135 3.0 21 2.1 44 - - 21 12 9 56 1.2 30 - 3.0 adverse effects - - N960-99 - -19-71 • head injuries N850-854 38 18 33 1.6 37. 3.7 - • other ---- 168. 33 163 31 331 7.3, 64 6.5

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 226 53 69 25 295 6.5 78 7.9 ear 380-389 79 16 34 13 113 2.5 29 2.9 cerebral paralysis, epilepsy etc 340-349 55 7 23 5 78 1.7 12 1.2 eye - 360-379 61 27 12 7 73 1.6 34 3.4 • other -- 31 3 - - 31 0.7 3 0.3

Congenital anomalies 740-759 121 - 15 215 13 336 7.4 28 2.8

Infectious diseases 000-136 359 34 - 259 35 618 13.6 69 7.0 • intestinal infection - 000-009 345 27 - 231 28 576 12.7 55 5.5 • other ---- 14 7 28 7 - 42 0.9 14 1.4

Symptoms, ill defined conditions - 780-796 .100 33 , 106 24 206 4.5 57 5.7

Supplementary classifications YOO-Y79 53 15 - 91 - 10 144 3.2 25 2.5

Mental disorders 290-315 25 4 - - - 25 0.5 4 0.4 mental retardation - 310-315 ------psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 25 4 - - 25 0.-5 4 0.4

Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 71 26 32 7 - 103 2.3 33 3.3 • male genital organs 600-607 58 20 - - 58 1.3 20 2.0 kidney, urinary system 580-599 13 6 32 7 45 1.0 13 1.3 other ------

Skin diseases 680-709 96 15 98 18 194 4.3 33 3.3

Hernia 550-553 87 24 9 6 96 2.1 30 3.0

Other causes ---- 163 38 104 31 267 5.9 69 7.0

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 2,627 596 1,920 396 4,547 100 992 100

SOURCE- UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.28: NEW ZEALAND TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 1-4 YEARS

1 MALE FEMALE TOTAL I C 0 CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS I No No No No No % No

Respiratory diseases 460-519 16.416 4,402 11,127 2,779 27,543 24.6 7,180 29.8 • acute respiratory infection 460-466 5,106 1,412 3,495 839 8,601 7.7 2.251 9.4 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 4,590 1,332 2,704 735 7,294 6.5 2,067 8.6 • pneumonia 480-486 3,044 524 2,299 380 5,343 4.8 904 3.8 upper respiratory tract disease 500-508 2,850 1,063 2,290 771 5,140 4.6 1,834 7.6 • other ---- 826 71 339 53 1,165 1.0 124 0.5

Accidents N800-999 12,866 2,309 8,063 1,667 20,929 18.7 3,976 16.3 burns ,N940-949 4,504 320 3,541 240 8,045 7.2 560 2.3 • fracture upper, lower limbs N810-829 3,479 292 1,809 202 5,288 4.7 494 2.1 adverse effects N960-999 1,563 697 693 444 2,256 2.0 1,141 4.7 • head injuries N850-854 1,120 414 508 288 •1,628 1.5 702 2.91 • other ---- 2,200 586 1,512 493 3,712 3.3 1,079 4.5

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 8.434 2,055 5,786 1,667 14,220 12.7 3,722 15.5 • ear 380-389 3,914 1,403 2,182 1,310 6,096 5.4 2,413 10.0 • cerebral paralysis, epilepsy etc 340-349 3,025 190 1,915 146 4,940 4.4 336 1.4 3.6 eye 360-379 874 406 913 461 1,787 1.6 867 0.4 other ---- 621 56 776 50 1,397 1.2 106

5.7 Congenital anomalies 740-759 6,061 818 4,942 559 11,003 9.8 1,377

6.5 Infectious diseases 000-136 5,197 1,109 4,069 946 9,266 8.3 2,055 1,521 6.3 intestinal infection 000-009 3,475 815 2,796 706 6.271 5.6 2.2 other --- 1,722 294 1,273 240 2,995 2.7 534

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 2,864 762 2,669 625 5,533 4.9 1,387 3.8

Supplementary classifications Y00-Y79 2,489 281 2,129 239 4,618 4.1 520 2.2

174 0.7 Mental disorders 290-315 1,114 81 2,004 93 3,118 2.8 90 0.4 mental retardation 310-315 731 35 1,631 55 2,362 2.1 84 0.3 psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 383 46 373 38 756 0.7

2.7 886 3.7 Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 2,217 716 855 170 3,072 605 2.5 • male genital organs 600-607 1,177 605 - - 1,177 1.0 265 1.1 • kidney, urinary system 580-599 1,038 110 824 155 1,862 1.7 0.0 16 0.1 other ---- 2 1 31 15 33

2,724 2.4 548 2.3 Skin diseases 680-709 1,467 279 1,257 269

1,815 1.6 704 19 ilernie 550-553 1,404 518 - 411 186

8,303 7.4 1,540 6.4 Other causes ---- 4,480 845 3,823 695

112,144 100 24,070 100 TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 65,009 14,175 47,135 9,895

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 4.29: NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 5-14 YEARS

MALE FEMAlE I C D TOTAL CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS No No No No No % No

Accidents N800-999 1,722 326 799 178 2,521 24.4 504 26.8 • fracture upper, lower limbs N810-829 685 109 378 72 1,063 10.3 181 9.6 • lacerations M870-907 400 49 149 30 549 5.3 79 4.2 • burns N940-949 119 15 13 2 132 1.3 17 0.9 • head injuries N850-954 158 61 92 37 250 2.4 98 5.2 skull fracture N800-809 109 20 77 5 186 1.8 25 1.3 • other ---- 251 72 90 32 341 3.3 104 5.5

Respiratory diseases 460-519 929 251 1.047 261 1,976 19.1 512 27.2 upper respiratory tract disease 500-508 636 180 732 188 1,368 13.2 368 19.6 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 79 28 122 32 201 1.9 60 3.2 pneumonia 480-486 106 19 136 21 - 242 2.3 40 2.1 other ---- 108 24 57 20 165 1.6 44 2.3

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 394 62 300 50 694 6.7 112 6.0 ear 380-389 231 40 272 40 503 4.9 80 4.3 cerebral paralysis, epilepsy etc 340-349 139 11 7 4 146 1.4 15 0.8 • other ---- 24 11 21 6 45 0.4 17 0.9

Congenital anomalies 740-759 334 51 182 23 516 5.0 74 3.9

Musculoskeletal diseases 710-738 467 28 369 31 836 8.1 59 3.1 osteomyelitis etc 720-729 430 21 288 22 718 7.0 43 2.3 • other ---- 37 7 81 9 118 1.1 16 0.9

Digestive system diseases 520-577 580 95 452 71 1,032 10.0 166 8.8 • appendicitis 540-543 403 59 387 58- 790 7.6 117 6.2 other 560-569 177 36 65 13 242 2.3 49 2.6

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 325 69 290 78 615 6.0 147 - 7.8

Mental disorders 290-315 8 5 37 8 45 0.4 13 0.7 psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 5 4 37 8 42 0.4 12 0.6 mental retardation 310-315 3 1 - - 3 0.0 1 0.1

Circulatory system diseases 390-458 220 13 383 16 603 5.8 29 1.5 rheumatic fever 390-392 208 10 293 14 501 4.9 - 24 1.3 • other ---- 12 3 90 2 102 1.0 5 0.3

Infectious diseases 000-136 186 37 119 26 305 3.0 63 3.3

• Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 246 46 155 30 401 3.9 76 4.0 kidney, urinary system 580-599 139 12 121 21 260 2.5 33 1.8 other ---- 107 34 34 9 141 1.4 43 2.3

Other causes ---- 419 67 365 59 - 784 7.6 126 6.7

TOTAL; ALL CAUSES 830 1,050 4,498 831 10,328 100 1,881 100 T51

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 4.30: NEW ZEALAND TOTAL. PATIENT D AYS .HOSPITAL, ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR, CMffSES,. GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 5-14 YEARS

• FEMALE. CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAY.Sd ADMISSIONS, PATIENT DAYS-, 2DM1S5tcNs; AOMIS5I.Cs No No No No No % No

Accidents N800-999 30,917 5,222 18,029 3,144 48,946 20.1 8,366 19.8 • fracture upPer, lower limbs N810-829 12,576 1,586 5,985 • lacerations 993 18,561 7.6- 2,579 6.1, N870-907 4,765 807 • burns 2,268 428 7:,333, 29 1,235- 2.9 N940-949- 3,232 189 head injuries- 2,702. 15T, 5,934 . 2.4. 340, N850-854 2,874 1,198 2,515 • skull fracture 741 5,389 2.2 1,939 4.6 N800-809 2,238 363 • other 1,333 180 3,571 1.5 543 1.3 ---- 5,232 1,079 3,226 651 8,458 3.5 1,730 4.1

Respiratory disea se s 460-519 18,921 5,511 17,061 4,945 3-5,,982 14.3 10,456..24.7: • unper respiratory tract disease 500-508 8,366 3,282 8,477 3,396 bronchitis, erohsema, asthma. 16,843 , 6.9 6,678. 15.31 490-493 5,514 1,260 3,76 pneumonia 850 9,219 3.8 2,110 s.o 480-486 2,781 439 other 2,005 304 4,786 2.0 743 1.8 ---- 2,260 530 2,814 395 5,074 2.1 925 2.2

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 19,060 3,705 12,355 2,970 31,41:5 12.9 6, i 61,7. 5 ear 380-389 7,911 2,663 6.381 • cerebral paralysis, epilepsy etc 2,134 141,292 , 5.9 4,.797 11.3 340-349 4,608 . 351 other . 3,803 275 , E11 3.5 66 1.5 ---- 6,541 691 2,171 561 8,,712 3L6 1,251 3.0

Congenital anomalies 740-759 14,624 2,060 12,047 780 26,671 11.0 2,540 6.7

Musculoskejetal diseases 710-738 10,612 632 6,566 533 171,178 7.1 1,2l5- 2.9 • osteomyelitis etc 720-729 6,664 423 3,697 other 253 10,361 " 4.3 67.6. 1.6 ---- 3,948 259 2,869 280 6,817 2.8 539 1.3

Digestive system diseases 520-577 8,659 1,776 7,319 1,419 15,978 6.6 3,195 , 7.6 540-543 5,518 903 4,814 776 10,332- , 4.2. 1,679 40 560-569 3,141 873 2,505 643 5,646 2.3 1,516. , 3.6

Syrstcs, ill defined conditions 780-796 7,150 1,540 5.602 1,448 12,752 5.2 2,988 7.1

Mental cisorders 290-315 4,839 236 5,542 233 10,381 4.3 :, 469 L.1. • psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 3,965 207 3,447 176 7,412 3.0.. 383. 0.91 rental retsrdaton 310-315 874 29 2,095, 57. 2,969 , 1.2 86 02.

Circulatory system diseases 390-458 4,325 182 . 4,647 170 8.972 3.7 352 0.8 • rheumatic fever . 390-392 3,450 114 3,300 102 6,750 2.3 216 0.5 - other ---- . 875 , 68 1,347; 2-72,2,222, 0,9 L 136. .

Infect 4 ous diseases 000-136 4,977 771 3,213 542 8,190 3.4 . 1,313 3.1.

Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 4,074 908 2,655 480 61729 2.8 1,388 33 1OnCY, urarar-, system - 580-599 2,283 233 2,153 352 4,436, 1.8 585 1.4 1,791 675.. 502- 128.,293 0.8 803 .

Other oases --_ 11,281 1,640 9,094 1,406 20,375 6.4 3,046 7.2

TOTAL, AL CAUSLS 139,439 24,233 104.130 18,070 24.56 100 42,303 100

1CJ?CE, UNPOBLIShEO :;A-A. NATIONAL HEALTh STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTHENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 4.31: NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR SES. GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 15-24 YEARS

I.C.D. MALE FEMALE TOTAL CAUSE CODE 1PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DArSJ ADMISSIONS PATIT DAYS ADtIS1ONS

INo No No No No No S f Accideritu N800-999 1 4,232 576 1,190 184 5,422 39.4 760 32.6 • fracture upper, lower ., - limbs N810-829 1,698 124 434 29 2,132 15.5 153 6.6 skull fracture N800-809 735 76 153 15 888 6.5. 91 .3.9 lacerations N870-907 698 116 81 23 779 5.7 139 6.0 head injuries N850-854 388 118 100 :39 488 3.5 157 6.7 • adverse effects N960-999 110 30 116 34 226 1.6 64 2.7 • other ---- 603 112 306 44 909 6.6 156 6.7

Mental disorders 290-313 646 50 . 462 . 31 1,108 8.0 81 3.5 psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 618 48 462 1 31 1,090 7.8 79 3.4 mental retardation 310-315 28 2 - . - 28 0.2 2 0.1

Digestive system diseases 520-577 576 99 449 1 . 102 1,025 7.4 201 8.6 • appendicitis 540-543 254 42 212 : 36 466 3.4 . 73 3.3 • other . ---- 322 . 57 237 66 559 4.1 123 5.3

Complications of. pregnancy, abortion . 630-678 - 441 . 159 441 3.2 159 6.8 • abortion . 640-645 - - 253 ill 253 1.8 111 4.8 • complications of pregnancy 630-634 - - 150 37 150 1.1 . 37 1.6 • complicated delivery 650-662 - - 4 1 4 0.0 1 0.0 • urinary infections, toxaemia 635-639 - - 16 3 . 16 0.1 3 0.1 • other ------18 7 18 0.1 7 0.3

Musculoskeletal diseases 710-738 374 62 362 .51 736 5.3 113 4.8 osteomyelitis etc 720-729 285 49 238 . 28 523 3.8 77 3.3 • other ---- 89 13 124 23 213 1.5 36 1.5

espiratory diseases 460-519 428 82 477 119 905 6.6 201 3.6 • upper respiratory tract disease 500-508 186 42 268 66 . - .454 3.3 108 4.6 other ---- 242 40 209 53 451 3.3 93 4.0

Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 157 36 1,037. 173 1,194 8.7 209 . 9.0 • kidney, urinary system 580-599 30 4 171 28 201 1.5 32 1.4 breast, ovary, fallopian • tube 610-616 . 21 8 259 51. 280 2.0 59 2.5 • uterus . 620-629- - 607 . 94. 607 4.4 94 4.0 other ---- 106 24 - - 106 0.8 . 24 1.0

Supplementary classifications YOO-179 195 19 323 102 . 518 3.9 121 5.2

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 234 57 342 109 576 4.2 165 7.1

Circulatory system diseases 390-458 194 17 106 11 300 2.2 28 1.2

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 244 37 107 . 30 351 2.6 67 2.9

Skin diseases 680-709 280 41 199 . 32 479 3.5 73 3.1

infectious diseases T 000-136 118 31 88 35 206 1.5 66 2.8 Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 50 6 . 4 . . 3 . 54 0.4 9 0.4

Congenital anomalies - 740-759 22 , 7 102 . 10 124 0.9 17 0.7 -r Other causes ---- 116 19 209 41 325 2.4 60 2.6 TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 7,866 1,139 5,898 1 1,191 1 13.764 100 2,330 100

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DE?ARTUB4T OF HEALTM. .TABLE 4.32: NEW ZEALAND TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE. 15-24 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I.C.D. DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT

NO No NO No NO % No

120,872 34.3 15,901 28.0 Accidents N800-999 95,535 11,844 25,337 4,057 39,666 11.2 3,329 5.9 fracture upper, lower limbs N810-829 32,830 2,761 6,936 568 23,327 6.6 2,024 3.6 • skull fracture N800-809 18,807 1,618 4,520 406 12,754 3.6 2,227 3.9 • lacerations N870-907 10,016 1,747 2,738 480 11,391 3.2 3,309 5.8 • head injuries N850-854 8,752 2,525 2,639 784 10,984 3.1 1,162 2.0 adverse effects N960-999 7,195 714 3,789 448 22,750 6.4 3,850 6.8 • other ---- 17,935 2,479 4,815 1,371

26,354 7.5 1,644 2.9 Mental disorders 290-315 10,652 752 15,702 892 25,972 7.4 1,618 2.8 • psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 10,434 736 15,538 882 382 0.1 26 0.1 • mental, retardation 310-315 218 16 164 10

4.897 8.6 Digestive system diseases 520-577 12,612 2,410 12,039 2,487 24,651 7.0 11,601 3.3 2,064 3.6 appendicitis 540-543 6,246 1,100 5,355 964 13,050 3.7 2,833 5.0 other ---- 6,366 1,310 6,684 1,523

5,994 10.6 Complications of pregnancy, abortion 630-678 - - 24,492 5,994 24,492 6.9 640-645 - - 7,499 3,276 7,499 2.1 3,276 5.8 abortion 1.7 1,203 2.1 • complications of pregnancy 630-634 - - 6,134 1,203 6,134 5,738 1.6 764 1.3 • complicated delivery 650-662 - - 5,738 764 486 0.9 • urinary infections, toxaemia 635-639 - - 4,238 486 4,238 1.2 883 0.3 265 0.5 • other ------883 265

22,080 6.3 3,020 5.3 Musculoskeletel diseases 710-738 11,598 1,681 10,482 1,339 14,608 4.1 1,990 3.5 • osteomyelitis etc 720-729 8,793 1,279 5,815 71.1 7,472 2.1 1,030 1.8 • other ---- 2,805 402 4,667 628

21,243 6.0 5,176 9.1 Respiratory diseases 460-519 9,769 2,164 11,474 3,012 10,085 2.9 3,205, 5.6 upper respiratry tract disease 500-508 4,439 1,384 5,646 1,821 11,158 3.1 1,971 3.5 other --- 5,330 780 5,828 1,191

3,378 17,858 5.1 4,191 7.4 Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 4,653 813 13,205 5,525 1.6 852 1.5 • kidney, urinary system 580-599 2,304 293 3,221 559 breast, ovary, fallopian tuba 610-616 294 87 5,294 1,106 5,588 1.6 1,193 2.1 • uterus 620-629 - - 4,690 1,713 4,690 1.3 1.713 3.0 - 2,055 0.6 433 0.8 other ---- 2,055 433 -

3,068 16,230 4.6 3,413 6.0 Supplementary classification s Y00-Y79 1,289 345 14,941

1.3,252 3.8 3,705 6.5 Symptoms, ill, defined conditions 780-796 4,369 1,224 8,883 2,481

435 11,720 3.3 842 1.5 Circulatory system diseases 390-458 4,345 407 7,375

11,005 3.1 1,738 3.1 Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 5,860 900 5,145 838

8,247 2.3 1,610 2.8 .kin iis.us.s 680-709 4,244 852 4,003 758

1,448 2.6 Infectious diseases 000-136 4,054 624 4,126 824 8,180 2.3

2,920 255 8.158 2.3 659 1.2 Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 5,238 404

3,335 444 7,169 2.0 922 1.6 Congenital anomalies 740-759 3,834 478

1,091 11,351 3.2 1,623 2.9 Other causes -- 4,643 532 6,708

170,167 31,353 352,862 100 56,783 100 TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 183.695 25,430

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.33: NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 25-44 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I C D - ADMISSIONS CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS No No No No No % No % 3,791 17.1 544 14.7 Accidents N800-999 2,733 375 1,058 169 fracture upper, lower N810-829 729 67 290 27 1,019 4.6 94 2.5 limbs 46 1.2 skull fracture N800-809 291 38 65 8 356 1.6 2.1 99 2.7 adverse effects N960-999 216 53 240 46 456 8.8 305 8.3 other ---- 1,497 217 463 88 1,960 570 15.4 Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 275 45 2,689 525 2,964 13.4 620-629 - - 2,077 408 2,077 9.4 408 11.0 • uterus 51 1.4 kidney, urinary system 580-599 156 16 218 35 374 1.7 breast, ovary, fallopian 610-616 15 3 394 82 409 1.8 85 2.3 tube 26 0.7 • other ---- 104 26 - - 104 0.5 13.6 Supplementary classifications YO0-Y79 277 93 1,799 409 2,076 9.4 502 Y40-Y49 74 73 1,451 296 1,525 6.9 369 10.0 • preventive measures 133 3.6 • other ---- 203 20 348 113 551 2.5 385 10.4 Digestive system diseases 520-577 996 204 902 181 1,898 8.6 • liver, gallbladder, 56 1.5 pancreas 570-577 90 14 319 42 409 1.8 441 2.0 70 1.9 intestine 560-569 286 38 155 32 4.7 259 7.0 other ---- 620 1 152 428 107 1,048 233 6.3 Circulatory system diseases 390-458 533 97 878 136 1,411 6.4 450-458 269 51 722 107 991 4.5 158 4.3 veins 75 2.0 other ---- 264 46 156 29 420 1.9 157 4.2 Mental disorders 290-315 599 45 2,055 112 2,654 12.0 156 4.2 psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 595 44 2,055 112 2,650 12.0 1 0.0 mental retardation 310-315 4 1 - - 4 0.0 1,339 6.0 196 5.3 Musculoskeletal diseases 710-738 830 120 509 76 1,042 4.7 138 3.7 • osteomyelitis etc 720-729 688 93 354 45 7 0.0 58 1.6 • other, ---- 142 27 155 - 31

Nervous system, sense organ 5.9 137 3.7 diseases 320-389 855 68 445 69 1,300 multiple sclerosis, 3.0 32 0.9 epilepsy etc 340-349 633 23 39 9 672 105 2.8 • other -- 222 45 406 60 628 2.8

Complications of pregnancy, 733 3.3 207 5.6 abortion 630-678 - - 733 207 296 1.3 58 1.6 complications of pregnancy 630-634 - - 296 58 640-645 - - 362 134 362 1.6 134 3.6 • abortion 0.1 3 0.1 complicated delivery 650-662 - - 32 3 32 43 0.2 12 0.3 other ------43 12 556 2.5 69 1.9 Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 151 17 405 52 958 3.9 167 4.8 Respiratory diseases 460-519 333 70 525 97 upper respiratory tract 305 1.4 71 1.9 disease 500-508 162 39 143 32 553 2.5 96 2.6 other ---- 171 31 382 65

Symptoms, ill defined 781 3.5 208 5.6 conditions 780-796 264 79 517 129 393 1.8 77 2.1 Benign neoplasms 210-228 74 19 319 58

Endocrine, nutritional, 1 575 2.6 73 2.0 metabolic diseases 240-279 355 37 220 36 441 2.0 70 1.9 Infectious diseases 000-136 314 39 127 31 1.8 100 Other causes ---- 216 45 183 55 399 100 3,695 TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 8,805 1,353 13,364 2,342 22,169 100!

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.34: NEW ZEALAND TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 25-44 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I.C.D.______CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS No No No No No No T1

Accidents N800-999 63,423 7,777 21,703 3,512 85,126 14.1 11,289 12.1 • fracture upper, tower limbs N810-829 17,343 1,597 3,409 392 20,752 3.4 1,989 2.1 • skull fracture N800-809 14,068 1,097 4,239 292 18,307 3.0 1,389 1.5 • adverse effects N960-999 4,100 808 5,946 1,300 10,046 1.7 2,108 2.3 • other ---- 27,912 4,275 8,109 1,528 36,021 6.0 5,803 6.2

Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 7,656 1,262 63,555 11,707 71,211 11.8 12,969 13.8 • uterus 620-629 - - 48,994 8,931 48,994 8.1 a,3l 9.5 • kidney, urinary system 580-599 5,530 696 5,104 805 10,634 1.8 1,501 1.6 breast, ovary, fallopian tube 610-616 142 42 9,457 1,971 9,599 1.6 2,013 2.1 other ---- 1,984 524 - - 1,984 0.3 524 0.6

Supplementary classifications YOO-Y79 7,100 3,124 43,472 12,085 50,572 8.4 15,209 16.2 • preventive measures Y40-Y49 3,968 2,373 19,673 6,140 23,641 3.9 8,513 9.1 other ---- 3,132 751 23,799 5,945 26,931 4.5 6,696 7.1

Uiqestive system diseases 520-577 24,022 4,257 26,112 3,855 50,134 8.3 8,112 8.7 liver, gallbladder, pancreas 570-577 4,001 413 11,380 1,227 15,381 2.6 1,640 1.8 intestine 560-569 5,705 782 6,259 862 11,964 2.0 1,644 1.8 • other ---- 14,316 3,062 8,473 1,766 22,789 3.8 4,898 5.2

Circulatory system diseases 390-458 25,958 2,584 22,588 3,137 48,546 8.1 5,721 6.1 veins 450-458 8,332 1,290 12,325 2,228 20,657 3.4 3,518 3.8 • other ---- 17,626 1,294 10,263 909 27,889 4.6 2,203 2.4

Mental disorders 290-315 14,396 1,252 30,753 1,865 45,149 7.5 3,117 3.3 psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 14,319 1,243 30,155 1,852 44,474 7.4 3,095 3.3 • mental retardation 310-315 77 9 598 13 675 0.1 22 0.0

Musculoskeletal diseases 710-738 23,104 3,186 18,198 2,270 41,302 6.9 5,456 5.8 • osteomyelitis etc 720-729 17,507 2,275 9,988 1,160 27,495 4.6 3,435 3.7 • other ---- 5,597 911 8,210 1,110 13,807 2.3 2,021 2.1

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 17,768 1,673 20,654 2,001 38,422 6.4 3,674 3.9 multiple sclerosis, epilepsy etc 34034L9 10,188 375 12,339 464 22,527 3.7 839 0.9 • other ---- 7,580 1,298 8,315 1,537 15,895 2.6 2,835 3.0

Complications of pregnancy, abortion 630-678 - - 33,556 6,881 33,556 5.6 6,881 7.3 complications of pregnancy 630-634 - - 9.707 1,634 9,707 1.6 1,634 1.7 • abortion 640-645 - - 8,957 3,498 8,957 1.5 3,498 3.7 complicated delivery 650-662 - - 8,248 907 8,248 1.4 907 1.0 • other ------6,644 842 6,644 1.1 842 0.9

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 11,317 1,067 16,933 1,691 28,250 4.7 2.758 2.9

Respiratory diseases 460-519 14,487 2,543 12,179 2,473 26,666 4.4 5,016 5.4 upper respiratory tract disease 500-508 8,037 1,549 3,812 1,096 11,849 2.0 2,645 2.8 other ---- 6.450 994 8,367 1,377 14,817 2.5 2,371 2.5

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 8,125 2,002 13,935 2,924 22,060 3.7 4,926 5.2

Benign neoplasms 210-228 1,592 428 12,357 1,869 13,949 2.3 2,297 2.5

Endocrine, nutritional, metabolic diseases 240-279 4,128 445 9,128 971 13,256 2.2 1,416 1.5

Infectious diseases 000-136 7,168 781 5,102 670 12,270 3.0 1,451 1.5

Other causes ---- 9,487 1,345 11,687 3,018 21,174 3.5 3,363 3.6

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 239,731 33,726 361,912 59,929 601,643 100 93,655 100

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.35: NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 45-64 YEARS

TOTAL

CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS IPATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS No No No No No No %

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 1,595 134 1,307 105 2,902 9.8 239 8.0 genito-urinary 180-189 162 20 151 19 313 1.1 39 1.3 1.1 colon, rectum 153,154 226 18 393 15 619 2.1 33 1.4 • lung 162 517 32 122 11 639 2.2 43 1.0 • breast 174 - - 355 31 355 1.2 31 3.1 other ---- 690 64 286 29 976 3.3 93

Nervous system, sense organ 146 4.9 diseases 320-389 2,686 71 528 75 3,214 10.8 multiple sclerosis, paralysis agitans, etc 340-349 2,343 26 179 16 2,522 8.5 42 1.4 • other --- 343 45 349 59 692 2.3 104 3.5 13.7 Digestive system diseases 520-577 2,298 245 1,604 167 3,902 13.2 412 liver, gallbladder, 2.8 pancreas 570-577 308 24 811 60 1,119 3.8 84 3.0 hernia 550-553 794 71 137 19 931 3.1 90 75 2.5 intestine 560-569 581 47 405 28 986 2.3 163 5.4 • other ---- 615 103 251 60 866 2.9 207 6.9 Muaculoskeletal diseases 710-738 992 112 122 95 1,714 5.8 710-718 510 43 248 25 758 2.6 68 2.3 arthritis, rheumatism 77 2.6 osteomyelitis 720-729 406 47 268 30 674 2.3 62 2.1 • other ---- 76 22 206 40 282 1.0 208 6.9 Heart disease 410-429 1,771 145 531 63 2,302 7.8 410-414 1,317 96 349 44 1,666 5.6 140 4.7 iscbaemic 2.3 • other 420-429 454 49 182 19 636 2.1 68 8.1 285 9.5 Accidents N800-999 1,271 147 1,141 138 2,412 fracture upper, lower 68 2.3 limbs N810-829 184 24 441 44 625 2.1 217 7.2 • other ---- 1,087 123 700 94 1,787 6.0

Symptoms • ill defined 3.7 200 6.7 conditions 780-796 544 104 541.. 96 1,085 10 0.3 senility, ill defined 790-796 23 2 101 8 124 0.4 3.2 190 6.3 other 780-789 521 102 440 88 961 95 3.2 Mental disorders 290-315 434 39 810 56 1,244 4.2 95 3.2 • psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 434 39 810 56 1,244 4.2 • mental retardation 310-315 ------379 12.6 Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 736 96 1,822 283 2,558 8.6 620-629 - - 1,443 218 1,443 4.9 218 7.3 uterus 48 1.6 600-607 369 48 - - 369 1.2 male genital organs 113 3.8 • other --- 367 48 379 65 746 2.5 1.9 37 1.2 Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 381 26 177 11 558 5.0 179 6.0 Respiratory diseases 460-519 518 76 977 103 1,495 bronchitis, emphysema, 2.2 82 2.7 asthma 490-493 161 23 496 59 657 838 2.8 97 3.2 other ---- 357 53 481 44 1,295 4.4 162 5.4 Diseases of veins 450-458 578 66 717 96

-Endocrine, nutritional, 4.4 87 2.9 metabolic diseases 240-279 721 45 579 42 - 1,300 896 3.0 57 1.9 diabetes 250 415 30 481 27 404 1.4 30 1.0 • other ---- 306 15 98 15 576 1.9 44 1.5 Diseases of arteries 440-448 481 34 95 10 1.8 461.5 Infectious diseases 000-136 347 24 181 22 528 8.6 280 9.3 Other causes - -- 1,428 121 1,131 159 2,559 3,006 100 TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 16,781 1,485 12,863 1,521 29,644 j 100

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.36: NEW ZEALAND AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, TOTAL PATIENTH DAYS GENERAL SPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979. AGE, 45-64 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOlAL DAYS ADMISSIONS CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT No No No No No % No % 4,552 121,599 12.4 8,774 10.9 Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 59,128 4,222 62,471 18,764 1.9 1,509 1.9 genito-urinary 180-189 7,440 595 11,324 914 18,581 1.9 963 1.2 • colon, rectum 153,154 10,258 487 8,323 476 16,452 1.7 1,167 1.5 • lung 162 12,302 856 4,150 311 12,309 1.3 919 1.1 breast 174 40 7 12,269 912 55,493 5.7 4,216 5.2 other ---- 29,088 2,277 26,405 1,939

Nervous system, sense organ 109,478 11.2 4,512 5.6 diseases 320-389 42,936 2,136 66,542 2,376

multiple sclerosis, 1,077 1.3 paralysis agitans etc 340-349 29,230 553 52,362 524 81,592 8.3 27,886 2.9 3,435 4.3 other ----14,180 1,583 14,180 1,852 79,463 8.1 9,115 11.3 Digestive system diseases 520-577 46,446 5,482 33,017 3,633 liver, gallbladder, 2.6 2,199 2.7 pancreas 570-577 11,463 920 13,662 1,279 25,125 19,084 2.0 2,577 3.2 • hernia 550-553 15,414 2,142 3,670 435 18,521 1.9 1,745 2.2 intestine 560-569 9,044 886 9,477 859 16,733 1.7 2,594 3.2 other ---- 10,525 1,534 6,208 1,060

Musculoskeletal diseases 710-738 35,197 3,138 43,600 3,171 78,797 8.1 6,309 7.8 • arthritis, rheumatism 710-718 19,101 1,129 26,547 1,177 45,648 4.7 2,306 2.9 • osteomyelitis 720-729 12,406 1,251 10,181 926 22,587 2.3 2,177 2.7 other ---- 3,690 758 6,872 1,068 10,562 1.1 1,826 2.3

Heart disease 410-429 54,906 5,093 22,210 1,955 77,116 7.9 7,048 8.8 ischaemic 410-414 44,156 4,064 15,289 1,359 59,445 6.1 5,423 6.7 other 420-429 10,750 1,029 6,921 596 17,671 1.8 1,625 2.0

Accidents N800-999 38,849 3,639 30,221 2,507 69,070 7.1 6,146 7.6 iracture upper, lower limbs N810-829 11,354 810 13,618 768 24,972 2.6 1,578 2.0 other ---- 27,495 2,829 16,603 1,739 44,098 4.5 4,568 5.7

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 11,899 2,421 56,620 2,047 68,519 7.0 4,468 5.6 senility, ill defined 790-796 1,081 159 46,048 242 47,129 4.8 401 0.5 • other 780-789 10,818 2,262 10,572 1,805 21,390 2.2 4,067 5.1

Mental disorders 290-315 37,860 1,236 26,122 1,328 63,982 6.5 2,564 3.2 • psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 37,444 1,232 25,779 1,323 63,223 6.5 2,555 3.2 mental retardation 310-315 416 4 343 5 759 0.1 9 0.0

Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 17,295 2,376 38,243 6,199 55,538 5.7 8,575 10.7 uterus 620-629 - - 29,304 4,921 29,304 3.0 4,921 6.1 • male genital organs 600-607 9,077 1,320 - - 9,077 0.9 1,320 1.6 other ---- 8,218 1,056 8,939 1,278 17,157 1.8 2,334 2.9

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 28,463 984 27,060 737 55,523 5 • 7 1,721 2.1

Respiratory diseases 460-519 23,680 2,666 16,627 1,998 40,307 4.1 4,664 5.8 bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 13,341 1,247 9,289 982 22,630 2.3 2,229 2.8 other ---- 10,339 1,419 7,338 1,016 17,677 1.8 2,435 3.0

Diseases of veins 450-458 14,151 1,643 14,442 1,933 28,593 2.9 3;576 4.4

Endocrin^, nutritional, metabolic- diseases 240-279 13,320 866 13,348 1,078 26,668 2.7 1,)44 2.4 • diabets 250 9,277 563 7,323 475 16,600 1.7 1,038 1.3 • other ---- 4,043 303 6,025 603 10,068 1.0 906 1.1

Diseases of artZies 440-448 13,660 962 8,707 384 22,367 2.3 1,346 1.7

Infectious diseases 000-136 14,705 507 5,998 460 20,703 2.1 967 1.2

Other causes j ---- 22,924 3,354 36,671 5,367 59,595 6.1 8,721 10.8

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 475,419 40,725 501,899 39,725 977,318 100 80,450 100

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.37: NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 65-74 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I C D CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAY ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS No No No No - No 1 - No

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 1,069 39 938 25 2,007 8.8 64 4.5

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 1,571 48 2,049 43 3,620 15.8 91 6.4 • cerebral paralysis, paralysis agitans etc 340-349 1,189 18 1,803 15 2,992 13.1 33 2.3 • other ---- 382 30 246 28 628 2.7 58 4.1

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 1,417 103 719 60 2,136 9.3 163 11.4 • genito-urinary 180-189 359 25 258 16 617 2.7 41 2.9 lung 162 306 26 10 3 316 1.4 29 2.0 • colon, rectum 153,154 164 8 168 8 332 1.4 16 1.1 • breast 174 - - 74 12 74 0.3 12 0.8 other ---- 588 44 209 21 797 3.5 65 4.5

Heart disease 410-429 983 105 910 78 1,893 8.3 183 12.8 ischaemic 410-414 584 57 543 52 1,127 4.9 109 7.6 • other 420-429 399 48 367 26 766 3.3 74 5.2

Musculoskeletal diseases 710-738 460 48 553 30 1,013 4.4 78 5.4 • arthritis, rheumatism 710-718 242 17 176 11 418 1.8 28 2.0 other ---- 218 31 377 19 595 2.6 50 3.5

Accidents N800-999 813 50 812 48 1,625 7.1 98 6.8 • fracture lower limbs N820-829 188 6 497 13 685 3.0 19 1.3 other ---- 625 44 315 35 940 4.1 79 5.5

Respiratory diseases 460-519 666 51 469 41 1,135 5.0 92 6.4 bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 300 22 181 15 481 2.1 37 2.6 • other ---- 366 29 288 26 654 2.9 55 3.8

Digestive system diseases 520-577 822 97 513 56 1,335 5.8 153 10.7

Mental disorders 290-315 470 21 358 16 828 3.6 37 2.6 psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 470 21 358 16 828 3.6 37 2.6 • mental retardation 310-315 . ------

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 423 55 295 41 718 3.1 96 6.7 senility, ill-defined 790-796 147 10 43 4 190 0.8 14 1.0 Symptoms 780-789 276 45 252 37 528 2.3 82 5.7

Diseases of arteries 440-448 680 24 1,591 17 2,271 9.9 41 2.9

Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 781 72 542 30 1,323 5.8 102 male genital organs 600-607 693 59 - - 693 3.0 59 4.1 • other ---- 88 13 542 30 630 2.8 43 3.0

Endocrine, nutritional, metabolic diseases 240-279 588 18 434 40 1,022 4.5 58 4.1 • diabetes 250 542 16 386 35 928 4.1 51 3.6 • other ---- 46 2 48 5 94 0.4 7 0.5

Other causes ---- 947 85 1,024 91 1,971 8.6 176 12.3

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 11,690 816 11,207 616 22,897 100 1,432 100

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 4.38: NEW ZEALAND TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 65-74 YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I C 0 CAUSE CODE PATIENT MSIONS (PATIENT DAYS I ADMISSIONS PATIENT 0AYS ADMISSIONS

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 74,119 1,200 68,576 1,013 142,695 14.9 2,213 5.1

7.1 Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 46,796 1,440 81,891 1,597 128,687 13.4 3,037 • cerebral paralysis, paralysis 37,183 504 69,612 478 106,795 11.2 982 2.3 agitans etc 340-349 4.8 other ---- 9,613 936 12,279 1,119 21,892 2.3 2,055

2,828 105,933 11.1 6,347 14.8 Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 54,232 3,519 51,701 19,071 2.0 1,305 3.0 • nit-.riflary 180-189 11,365 829 7,706 476 162 12,980 776 4,128 241 17,108 1.8 1,017 2.4 • i unq 16,596 1.7 793 1.8 • culon, rectum 153,154 7,468 409 9,128 384 174 348 4 7,501 407 7,849 0.8 411 1.0 1,501 23,238 1,320 45,309 4.7 2,821 6.6 • tlitt 22,071

Heart disease 410-429 49,640 2,839 39,070 2,014 88,710 9.3 4,853 11.3 410-414 25,485 1,892 20,628 1,367 46,113 4.8 3,259 7.6 xschaemic 3.7 • other 420-429 24,155 947 18,442 647 42,597 4.4 1,594

6.8 Musculoskeletai. diseases 710-738 20,826 1,226 44,406 1,686 65,232 6.8 2,912 710-718 15,811 740 35,206 992 51,017 5.3 1,732 4.0 arthritis, rheumatism 2.7 other ---- 5,015 486 9,200 694 14,215 1.5 1,180

2,796 6.5 Accidents N800-999 17,066 1,150 39,486 1,646 56,552 5.9 7,626 269 24,995 607 32,621 3.4 876 2.0 • fracture lower limb N820-829 4.5 other ---- 9,440 881 14,491 1,039 23,931 2.5 1,920

2,929 6.3 Respiratory diseases 460-519 34,240 1,873 21,350 1,056 55,590 5.8 24,283 1,165 9,025 562 33,308 3.5 1,727 4.0 • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 1,202 2.8 other ---- 9,957 708 12,325 494 22,282 2.3

4,399 10.2 Digestive system diseases 520-577 27,515 2,525 24,624 1,874 52,199 5.5

1,054 2.5 Mental disorders 290-315 20,977 456 31,182 598 52,159 5.4 15,765 454 30,683 595 46,448 4.9 1,049 2.4 • psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 5 0.0 mental retardation 310-315 5,212 2 499 3 5,711 0.6

2,401 5.6 Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 20,779 1,254 28,011 1,147 48,790 5.1 790-796 10,790 208 20,925 319 31,715 3.3 527 1.2 senility, ill-defined 17,075 1.8 1,874 4.4 Symptoms 780-789 9,989 1,046 7,086 828

35,561 3.7 1,283 3.0 Diseases of arteries 440-448 22,159 854 13,402 429

3.1 2,984 6.9 Genito-urinary system diseases 580-629 17,963 1,856 11,693 1,128 29.656 600-607 13,585 1,344 - - 13,585 1.4 1,344 3.1 male genital organs 16,071 1.7 1,640 3.8 other ---- 4,378 512 11,693 1,128

Endocrine, nutritional, metabolic 585 26,290 2.7 978 2.3 diseases 240-279 10,949 393 15,341 391 20,738 2.2 681 1.4 250 9,391 290 11,347 diabetes 103 3,994 1,94 5,552 0.6 297 0.7 • other__ 1,558

34,914 2,492 69,371 7.2 4,799 11.2 Other causee ---- 34,457 2,307

20,093 957,425 100 42,985 100 TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 451,778 22,892 505,647

SOURCE: UNFULLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.39: NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 75+ YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I C D. CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS No No No No No % No %

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 - 1,363 39 9,675 44 11,038 23.4 83 6.7

Symptoms • ill defined conditions 780-796 2,580 49 849 44 6,429 7.3 93 7.5

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 2,203 28 1,176 47 3,379 7.1 75 60 cerebral paralysis, paralysis agitans etc 340-349 1,991 6 800 13 2,791 5.9 19 1.5 • other ---- 212 22 376 34 588 1.2 56 4.5

Heart disease 410-429 2,184 61 1,206 76 3,390 7.2 137 11.0 ischaemic 410-414 269 25 418 35 684 1.4 60 4.8 other 420-429 1,915 36 791 41 2,706 5.7 77 6.2

Mental disorders 290-315 1,764 23 6,648 33 8,412 17.8 56 4.5 • psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 1,764 23 6,648 33 8,412 17.8 56 4.5 • mental retardation 310-315 ------

Accidents N800-999 752 32 2,090 65 2,842 6.0 97 7.8 fracture lower limb N820-829 524 11 1,690 35 2,199 4.7 46 3.7 • other --- 228 21 400 30 643 1.4 51 4.1

Musculoskeletal diseases 710-738 114 12 591 37 705 1.5 49 3.9 • arthritis, rheumatism 710-718 77 7 380 19 457 1.0 26 2.1 other ---- 37 5 211 18 248 0.5 23 1.8

Respiratory diseases 460-519 830 55 629 35 1,459 3.1 90 7.2 • pneumonia 480-486 262 23 418 22 680 1.4 45 3.6. • bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 534 27 174 9 708 1.5 36 2.9 • other ---- 34 5 37 4 71 0.2 9 0.7

Cal cer, malignant disease 140-207 926 73 927 59 1,853 3.9 132 10.6

Diseases of arteries 440-448 4,091 10 554 11 4,645 9.8 21 1.7

Digestive system diseases 520-577 774 67 691 62 1,465 3.1 129 10.3

Endocrine, nutritional, metabolic diseases 240-279 140 9 120 6 260 0.6 15 1.2 diabetes 250 140 9 103 5 243 0.5 14 1.1 other ---- - - 17 1 17 0.0 1 0.1

Other causes ---- 2,185 137 2,198 133 4,383 9.3 270 21.7

TOTAL: ALL CAUSES 19,906 595 27,354 652 47,260 100 1,247 100

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 4.40: NEW ZEALAND TOTAL PATIENT DAYS AND HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS BY MAJOR CAUSES, GENERAL HOSPITALS (PUBLIC AND PRIVATE), BY SEX, 1979 AGE, 75+ YEARS

MALE FEMALE TOTAL I C D. CAUSE CODE PATIENT DAYS ADMISSIONS PATIENT DAYS ADMISSION PATIENT DAIS ADMISSIONS No No No No No % No

Cerebrovascular disease 430-438 109,062 1,114 314,119 1,881 423,181 19.1 2,995 13.7

Symptoms, ill defined conditions 780-796 83,446 1,264 271,466 2,389 354,912 16.0 3,653 9.4

Nervous system, sense organ diseases 320-389 58,859 1,090 140,377 1,848 199,236 9.0 2,938 7.6 cerebral paralysis, paralysis agitans etc 340-349 49,566 414 122,115 704 171,681 7.7 1,118 2.9 Other ---- 9,293 676 18,262 1,144 27,555 1.2 1,820 4.7

Heart disease 410-429 58,898 1,814 139,877 2,518 198,775 9.0 4,332 11.1 ischaemic 410-414 24,645 885 42,914 1,121 67,559 3.0 2,006 5.2 other 420-429 34,253 929 96,963 1,397 131,216 5.9 2,326 6.0

Mental disorders 290-315 38,124 478 154,984 836 193,108 8.7 1,314 3.4

psychoses, neuroses etc 290-309 38,088 476 154,984 836 193,072 8.7 1,312 3.4 mental retardation 310-315 36 2 - - . 36 0.0 2 0.0

Accidents N800-999 26,555 857 159,045 3,159 185,600 8.4 4,016 10.3 fracture of lower limb N820-829 17,946 376 115,001 1,837 132,947 6.0 2,213 5.7 other ---- 8,609 481 44,044 1,322 52,653 2.4 1,303 4.6

Musculoskeleta1. diseases 710-738 23,659 585 96,055 1,400 119,714 5.4 1,985 5.1 arthritis, rheumatism 710-718 18,814 387 74,403 913 93,217 4.2 1,300 3.3 other ---- 4,845 198 21,652 487 26,497 1.2 685 1.8

Respiratory diseases 460-519 49,491 1,606 63,547 1,082 113,038 5.1 2,688 6.9

pneumonia 480-486 14,819 479 39,776 432 54,595 2.5 911 2.3 bronchitis, emphysema, asthma 490-493 27,384 865 18,094 392 45,478 2.1 1,257 3.2 other ---- 7,288 262 5,677 258 12,965 0.6 520 1.3

Cancer, malignant disease 140-207 51,249 2,300 58,106 1,823 109,355 4.9 4,123 10.6

964 2.5 32,317 519 35,152 445 67,469 3.0 ,ses of arteries 440-448

1,651 60,395 2.7 3,034 7.8 Digestive system diseases 520-577 19,457 1,383 40,938

Endocrine, nutritional, metabolic 36,511 511. 52,720 2.4 776 2.0 diseases 240-279 16,209 265 30,567 370 43,865 2.0 573 1.5 diabetes 250 13,298 203 62 5,944 141 8,855 0.4 203 0.5 other ---- 2,911

84,111 3,151 139,373 6.3 6,050 15.6 Other causes ---- 55,262 2,899

1,594,288 22,694 2,216,876 100 38,868 100 TOTAL ALL CAUSES 622,588 16,174

SOURCE UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICE CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 4.41 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD RESIDENTS, ADMISSIONS AND READMISSIONS TO PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALS, PSYCHIATRIC UNITS OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS AND SALVATION ARMY INSTITUTIONS, BY DIAGNOSIS, BY SEX, NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 MEAN POPULATION, YEAR 1979

FIRST ADMISSIONS READMISSIONS TOTAL I.C.D. DIAGNOSIS CODE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE

NUMBER

Psychosis 291-299 19 16 35 67 54 83

Neuroses 300 9 17 7 22 16 39

Alcoholism 303 16 1 12 4 28 5 Behaviour problems 301, 307-308 4 5 3 8 7 13

Mental retardation 310-315 1 2 3 3 3 Other diagnoses 302, 304-306, 5 3 6 1 11 4 309

TOTAL 54 42 65 105 119 147

RATE PER 100,000

Psychosis 291-299 17.1 14.4 31.4 60.1 48.5 74.5

Neuroses 300 8.1 15.3 6.3 19.7 14.4 35.0

Alcoholism 303 14.4 0.9 10.8 3.6 25.1 4.5

Behaviour problems 301, 307-308 3.6 4.5 2.7 7.2 6.3 11.7

Mental retardation 310-315 0.9 - 1.8 2.7 2.7 2.7

Other diagnoses 302, 304-306, 4.5 2.7 5.4 0.9 9.9 3.6 309

TOTAL 48.5 37.7 58.3 94.2 106.8 131.9

The Northland rates are based on a 1979 population figure retrospectively estimated from the 1981 Census figures. Three-fifths of the increase in population between 1976 and 1981 has been added to the 1976 Northland Hospital Board figures giving the total of 111,433.

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

Enquiries for further information should be directed to: Chief Health Statistician National Health Statistics Centre P0 Box 6314 Te Aro Wellington

TABLE 14. 142 : NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, ADMISSIONS AND READMISSIONS TO PSYCHIATRIC HOSPITALS, PSYCHIATRIC UNITS OF PUBLIC HOSPITALS AND SALVATION ARMY INSTITUTIONS, BY DIAGNOSIS, BY SEX, NUMBERS AND RATES PER 100,000 MEAN POPULATION, YEAR 1979

FIRST ADMISSIONS READMISSIONS TOTAL I.C.D. DIAGNOSIS CODE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE

NUMBER

Senile and pre-senile 120dementia 290 152 37 53 157 205

Psychosis 291-299 654 760 1,485 2,144 2,139 2,904

Neuroses 300 299 581 225 573 524 1,154

Alcoholism 303 773 188 1,393 291 2,166 479 Behaviour problems 301, 307-308 315 343 328 418 643 761

Mental retardation 310-315 83 59 453 250 536 309 Other diagnoses 302, 304-306, 199 206 220 204 419 410 309

TOTAL 2,443 2,289 4,141 3,933 6,584 6,222

RATE PER 100,000 Senile and pre-senile - dementia 290 3.8 4.9 1.2 1.7 5.0 6.6

Psychosis 291-299 20.9 24.3 47.5 68.6 68.5 92.9

Neuroses 300 9.6 18.6 7.2 18.3 16.8 36.9

Alcoholism 303 24.7 6.0 44.6 9.3 69.3 15.3 Behaviour problems 301, 307-308 10.1 11.0 10.5 13.4 20.6 24.4

Mental retardation 310-315 2.7 1.9 14.5 8.0 17.2 9.9 Other diagnoses 302, 304-306, 6.4 6.6 7.0 6.5 13.4 13.1 309

TOTAL 78.2 73.3 132.5 125.9 210.7 199.1

The New Zealand rates are based on the 1979 estimated mean population of 3,124,400 (Demographic Specialist Studies, Department of Statistics). SOURCE: MENTAL HEALTH DATA 1979, NEW ZEALAND HEALTH STATISTICS REPORT, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON..

TABLE 4L43 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD RESIDENTS, SPECIALIST REFERRALS TO PUBLIC GENERAL HOSPITALS BY HOSPITAL BOARD, EXCLUDING OWN BOARD, BY HOSPITAL DEPARTMENT, PATIENT ADMISSIONS AND DAYS STAY, BY AGE AND SEX, YEAR 1979

DEPT BOARD AND DEPARTMENT SEX PATIENTS DAYS STAY CODE 0-64 YEARS 65+ YEARS TOTAL 0-64 YEARS 65+ YEARS{ TOTAL

AUCKLAND HOSPITAL BOARD - 1 - 3 3 Cardiology M 1 3 F 2 - 2 18 - 18 4 Cardiothoracic M 1 - 1 25 - 25 23 160 6 Ear, Nose and Throat M 14 1 15 137 F 5 - 5 17 - 17 7 Eye M 1 1 2 4 6 10 F 3 - 3 9 - 9 47 9 General Surgery M 2 1 3 6 41 11 Neurosurgery H 13 3 16 105 40 145 F 9 1 10 63 29 92 12 Orthopaedic M 6 - 6 151 - 151 F 7 - 7 156 - 156

- 1 - 9 13 Paediatric - Surgical M 1 9 F 1 - 1 71 - 71 14 Plastic M 1 - 1 18 - 18 15 Professional Unit - Surgical M 4 - 4 68 - 68 F 4 2 6 20 4 24 19 Urology H 1 - 1 5 - 5 34 General medicine M 6 1 7 188 5 193 F 7 1 8 137 1 138 36 Haematology H 2 - 2 84 - 84 - 1 2 40 Oncology M 1 2 - F - 1 1 - 1 1 41 Paediatric - Medical M 1 - 1 1 - 1 F 3 - 3 8 - 8 48 Rehabilitation M 9 - 9 221 - 221 71 Burns F 1 - 1 17 - 17 73 Coronary Care Unit M 1 - 1 4 - 4 F - 1 1 - 14 14 77 Geriatric (Assess. & Rehab.) H - 1 1 - 8 8 79 Gynaecology F 1 - 1 35 - 35 85 Obstetrics F 2 - 2 31 - 31 89 Spinal Unit H 5 - 5 137 - 137 TOTAL H 70 8 78 1,168 123 1,291 F 45 6 51 582 49 631

NORTH CANTERBURY 79 Gynaecology F 1 - 1 2 - 2 83 Neonatal Intensive Care Unit H 1 - 1 2 - 2 (Special Care Baby Unit) 87 Radiotherapy H - 2 2 - 53 53

TOTAL H 1 2 3 2 53 55 F 1 - 1 2 - 2

TAURANGA 44 Psychiatric F 1 - 1 7 - 7

TOTAL F 1 - 1 7 - 7

TABLE 4.43 : CONTINUED

DEPT BOARD AND DEPARTMENT SEX PATIENTS PAYS STAY CODE 0-64 YEARS 65+ YEARS TOTAL 0-64 YEARS 65+ YEARS TOTAL

WAIXATO - 6 Ear, Nose and Throat M 4 - 4 70 - 70 9 General Surgery F 1 - 1 5 - 5 12 Orthopaedic M 1 1 2 5 54 59 F 1 - 1 •101 - 101 34 General Medicine F 1 - 1 1 - 1 41 Paediatric - Medical F 1 - 1 1 - 1 Rheumatology F 1 1 2 127 45 172 79 Gynaecology F 1 - 1 2 - 2

TOTAL N 5 1 6 75 54 129 F 6 1 7 237 45 282

WELLINGTON 7 Eye F 1 - 1 10 - 10 14 Plastic M 1 - 1 8 - 8 $5 Obstetrics F 1 - 1 5 - 5

TOTAL M 1 - 1 8 - 8 F 2 - 2 15 - 15

GRAND TOTAL N 77 11 88 1,253 230 1,483 F 55 7 62 843 94 937

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 4.44 : NEW ZEALAND PUBLIC GENERAL HOSPITALS, TRAVELLERS IN AND OUT OF EACH BOARD (ALL PATIENTS EXCEPT PSYCHIATRIC), NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE, YEAR 1978

DISCHARGES/DEATHS DOMICILE OF PATIENTS HOSPITAL BOARD TOTAL TRAVELLERS IN TOTAL TRAVELLERS OUT NO. % OF ALL NO. % OF ALL DISCHARGES PATIENTS

Northland 13,908 726 5.2 14,252 1,070 7.5 Auckland 65,118 3,787 5.8 63,576 2,245 3.5 Thames 4,102 765 18.6 4,246 909 21.4 Waikato 32,842 3,250 9.9 31,959 2,367 7.4 Tauranga 7,522 760 10.1 7,560 798 10.6 Bay of Plenty 5,025 249 5.0 6,059 1,283 21.2 Taumnarunui 2,400 899 37.5 1,772 271 15.3 Waiapu 577 48 8.3 794 265 33.4 Cook 4,882 413 8.5 4,996 527 10.5 Hawkes Bay 17,317 749 4.3 17,664 1,096 6.2 Waipawa 1,056 98 9.3 1,441 483 33.5 Taranaki 12,141 350 2.9 12,391 600 4.8 Wanganui 8,292 462 5.6 9,187 1,357 14.8 Dannevirke 1,165 194 16.7 1,334 363 27.2 Palmerston North 12,764 2,175 17.0 12,008 1,419 11.8 Wairarapa 4,489 264 5.9 5,332 1,107 20.8 Wellington 34,577 2,788 8.1 32,885 1,096 3.3 Marlborough 4,840 298 6.2 4,998 456 9.1 Nelson 5,974 344 5.8 6,165 535 8.7 West Coast 5,000 255 5.1 5,360 615 11.5 North Canterbury 31,466 2,536 8.1 30,125 1,195 4.0 Ashburton 2,732 209 7.7 3,249 726 22.3 South Canterbury 6,400 374 5.8 7,017 991 14.1 Waitaki 2,112 278 13.2 2,611 777 29.8 Otago 18,488 4,090 22.1 15,060 662 4.4 South Otago 1,865 143 7.7 2,506 784 31.3 Maniototo 410 59 14.4 605 254 42.0 Vincent 1,402 389 27.8 1,748 735 42.0 Southland 11,826 477 4.0 12,935 1,586 12.3

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. BLINDNESS REGISTER

A blindness register is maintained by the National Health Statistics Centre and has been operating since 1963. Information is forwarded from the Blindness Foundation, Auckland, and includes such data as domicile, age and sex.

For further information please write to:

The Chief Health Statistician National Health Statistics Centre Department of Health P0 Box 6314 TEARO Wellington. TABLE 14145 : WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, CONGENITAL ANOMALIES NOTIFIED ACCORDING TO THE HEALTH DISTRICT IN WHICH MOTHER LIVED, NUMBER AND RATE PER 1,000 NOTIFIED BIRTHS, JULY 1980 - JUNE 1981

HEALTH DISTRICT NO. OF INFANTS NOTIFIED ACCORDING TO THE DISTRICT IN WHICH MOTHER LIVED

BIRTHS NOTIFIED CONGENITAL ANOMALIES. RATE PER 1000 NOTIFIED NO. BIRTHS

Whangarei 1,863 24.2

New Zealand 48,096 22.2

The prevalence of reported congenital anomalies in infants of mothers living within the Whangarei Health District is not statistically different from that of New Zealand as a whole.

SOURCE: CONGENITAL ANOMALY MONITORING SYSTEM, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON

Note:

Some districts report very few cases of common anomalies (e.g. Talipes dislocated hips). Informal discussions with a few medical practitioners have revealed that at least some doctors are unaware of the requirements to notify minor anomalies. Until there is uniformity in the notification system the objectives of the monitoring programme cannot be fully achieved. (Congenital Anomaly Monitoring, Statement for January 1981, Chief Health Statistician, National Health Statistics Centre.)

For further information on Congenital Anomaly Monitoring; Refer Table 4.51, Whangarei Health District and New Zealand total, number and percentage of notifications completed or received for infants examined at birth and at 9 months, and number of anomalies found, years 1980, 1981. TABLE 4,46 : WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, MEAN NUMBER OF MISSING AND FILLED PERMANENT TEETH PER CHILD IN FORM II, YEAR 1981

AREA MEAN NO. MISSING AND FILLED TEETH PER CHILD

Whangarei 5.58

New Zealand^i 4.4

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, DIVISION OF DENTAL HEALTH, DEPARTMENT, OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON. i. TABLE 4147 : WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT.. COMMUNITIES WITH FLUORIDATED PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES, YEAR 1980

COMMUNITY LOCAL AUTHORITY POPULATION

Kaitaia Kaitaia Borough 4,243

SOURCE: 1980 GRADING OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN NEW ZEALAND, BOARD OF HEALTH REPORT SERIES: NO 27, A REPORT PREPARED FOR THE BOARD OF HEALTH BY THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, PUBLISHED 1980.

TABLE 4.48 : WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION ON PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY RECEIVING FLUORIDATED WATER.. YEAR 1980

AREA TOTAL POPULATION POPULATION RECEIVING POPULATION RECEIVING ON PUBLIC WATER FLUORIDATED WATER FLUORIDATED WATER SUPPLY No No

Whangarei 65,704 4,243 6.5

New Zealand 2,750,264 1,786,751 64.9

SOURCE: 1980 GRADING OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN NEW ZEALAND, BOARD OF HEALTH • REPORT SERIES: NO 27, A REPORT PREPARED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH FOR THE BOARD OF HEALTH, PUBLISHED 1980.

TABLE 4.49 : WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, NOTIFIABLE DISEASES REPORTED FOR THE YEARS ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1978, 1979, 1980

DISEASE WHANGAREI NEW ZEALAND 1978 1979 1980 1978 1979 1980

Acute infective encephalitis - - - 3 1 2 Ancyclostomiasis - - - 6 118 469 Campylobacter Infection - - 2 - - 271 Diphtheria - - - 1 1 1 Dysentery - Amoebic - - 1 8 36 116 Bacillary 29 8 10 670 345 228 Eclampsia 1 - - 8 7 7 Enteric fever - Paratyphoid - - - 3 1 4 Typhoid - - 1 6 13 15 Food poisoning - 6 20 494 455 574 Hydatids 1 - - 8 5 7 Hepatitis - A 61 98 153 1,359 1,628 1,649 B 5 12 U 303 385 393 Non AorB - - 2 2 4 5 Leprosy - - - 7 7 8 Leptospiral infections 38 59 88 437 677 582 Malaria - 2 - 16 23 65 Meningococcal infections - - - 18 49 26 Ophthalmia neonatorum - - 12 4 5 Pemphigus neonatorum - - - 30 10 14 Poliomyelitis - - - - - Puerperal infections - - - 14 15 16 Salmonella infections 54 65 27 723 1,024 799 Staphylococcal pneumonia or Septicaemia of the nwborn - - - - 2 2 Tetanus - - 10 2 2 Tuberculosis - Pulmonary 19 5 9 513 348 309 Other forms 2 2 1 82 73 71 Occult - - - - 121 94 Undulant fever 5 4 6 45 58 49 Actinomycosis ------Bilharzia - - - - 1 Cholera - - - - - 1 Chronic lead poisoning - - - 4 1 1 Congenital rubella - - - - - 16 Cysticercosis ------Dengue fever - - - 4 3 5 Legionellosis - - - - - Listeriosis - - - 2 - 32 Ornithosis - - - 3 3 1 Ross River Fever - - - - - 1 Taeniasis - - - - 4 4 Trachoma - - - 1 3 - TOTAL 215 261 331 4,992 51426 5,856

Became notifiable from June 1980.

SOURCE: THE PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH FOR THE YEARS ENDED 31 MARCH 1979, 1980, 1981.

Note: Reporting of Notifiable diseases The diseases listed above are only those notified by general practitioners to the District Health Office. The percentage of diseases reported does not appear to be consistent through time or space and this may account for some variation that occurs. TABLE 4.50 : WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF CHILDREN IMMUNISED WITH TRIPLE, MEASLES AND RUBELLA VACCINES, YEARS 1977 TO 1980

DISTRICT NO. OR 1 1977 1978 1979 1980 PERCENT

TRIPLE (infants)

Whangarei 1,348 1,201 No. 1,122 1,180 Percent 70.3 66.2 64.0 64.9

32,436 New Zealand No. 33,548 36,046 36,767 Percent 59.9 65.7 68.9 72.7 MEASLES (infants and after 12m)

Whangare i 1,336 1,351 No. 1,476 1,344 Percent 71.4 70.4 81.3 76.7

New Zealand No. 32,464 40,494 46,803 40,397 Percent 58.9 74.7 91.7 77.3 RUBELLA (Form 1 girls)

Whangarei No. n.a. n.a. 1,155 1,153 Percent n.a. n.a. 99.1 96.7 New Zealand No. I n. a. n. a. 27,626 26,781 Percent n. a. n. a. 93.4 1 93.8

SOURCES: (1) ALL IMMUNISATION FIGURES: Department of Health immunisation statistical returns, except for rubella figures after 1978 - these came from the Department of Health separate rubella annual returns. For triple (whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus) vaccinations in infants it is assumed that every 2 doses given represented 1 child immunised. (2) LIVE BIRTH FIGURES ON WHICH TRIPLE AND MEASLE PERCENTAGES ARE BASED: • for Whangarei Health District - National Health Statistics Centre Infant and Fetal Death publications up to 1978; Department of Health immunisation statistical returns from 1979. • for New Zealand - Department of Statistics, Monthly Abstract of Statistics. Percentages calculated on registered live births for the year closest to recommended age for immunisation as follows: • triple in infant, year of immunisation • measles, previous year (3) FORM 1 GIRL FIGURES ON WHICH RUBELLA PERCENTAGES ARE BASED: Rubella Annual Returns The rubella rate is the percentage of Form 1 girls immunised either previously or during the immunisation year. (Prior to 1979 the rubella vaccine was administered to 5 year old boys and girls)

TABLE 4.51 : WHANGARE! HEALTH DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE OF NOTIFICATIONS COMPLETED OR RECEIVED FOR INFANTS EXAMINED AT BIRTH AND AT 9 MONTHSJ AND NUMBER OF ANOMALIES FOUND, YEARS 19801 1981.

EXAMINATION AT BIRTH EXAMINATION AT 9 MONTHS

HEALTH DISTRICT NO. (1) % (2) NO. (3) NO. % (4) NO. AND YEAR NOTIFI- NOTIFI- ANOMA- NOTIFI- NOTIFI- P.NOMA- CATIONS CATIONS LIES CATIONS CATIONS LIES COMPLETED RECEIVED

YEAR 1980

Whangarei 1,788 97.3 51 736 42 70

New Zealand 46,179 92.2 1,101 11,997 23.7 756

YEAR 1981

Whangarei 1,878 104.2 48 874 46.4 41

New Zealand 50,107 97.1 1,092 11,995 25.1 885

(1) These include notifications received, where the section on anomalies has been completed.

(2) The percentage is based on the number of completed notifications divided by the number of neonates discharged, transferred or dying in hospital plus still births plus home births, according to the district in which the birth took place.

(3) Uniformity does not exist in the notification of common anomalies. (Refer Congenital Anomaly Monitoring Statement for January 1982.)

(4) The percentage is based on the number of notifications received divided by the number of births 9 months previous.

SOURCE: EXAMINATION AT BIRTH DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH FORM H661, COMPILED FROM DISTRICT HEALTH OFFICE RETURNS, CONGENITAL ANOMALY MONITORING MONTHLY STATEMENTS, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, P0 BOX 6314, TE ARO, WELLINGTON. EXAMINATION AT 9 MONTHS DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH FORM H620, COMPILED FROM DISTRICT OFFICE QUARTERLY RETURNS, FAMILY HEALTH BRANCH, DIVISION OF HEALTH PROMOTION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, P0 BOX 5013 ., WELLINGTON. TABLE 4.52 WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, CHILD VISION TESTING, NUMBER TESTED AND NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE WITH SUSPECTED DEFECTS, YEARS ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1979 AND 1980

1979 1980 % WITH AREA NO. NO. WITH % WITH NO. NO. WITH SUSPECTED AND TESTED SUSPECTED SUSPECTED TESTED SUSPECTED DEFECTS AGE AT TEST DEFECTS DEFECTS DEFECTS

PRE SCHOOL 16.8 Whangarei 818 30 3.7 524 88 3.4 New Zealand 17,077 665 3.9 16,189 546

SCHOOL ENTRY 17.7 Whangarei 3,134 417 13.3 3,199 567 7.5 New Zealand 68,806 4,636 6.7 58,847 4,433

FORM 1 8.8 Whangarei 2,720 211 7.8 1,648 145 5.7 New Zealand 59,158 3,203 5.4 57,392 3,253

SOURCE: VISION/HEARING TESTING ANNUAL RETURNS, UNPUBLISHED DATA, DIVISION OF HEALTH PROMOTION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON.

TABLE 4,53 : WHANGARE! HEALTH DISTRICT AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, CHILD HEARING TESTING, NUMBER TESTED AND NUMBER AND PERCENTAGE WITH SUSPECTED DEFECTS, YEARS ENDED 31 DECEMBER 1979 AND 1980

1979 1980

AREA NO. NO. WITH WITH NO. NO. WITH % WITH AND TESTED SUSPECTED SUSPECTED TESTED SUSPECTED SUSPECTED AGE AT TEST DEFECTS DEFECTS DEFECTS DEFECTS

PRE SCHOOL 23.1 Whangarei 124 33 26.6 91 21 6.8 New Zealand 14,388 984 6.8 12,505 851

SCHOOL ENTRY 19.8 T,thangarei 2,637 604 22.9 2,733 542 New Zealand 71,243 7,689 10.8 60,814 7,562 12.4

FORM 1 -, 2,691 225 8.4 1,515 126 8.3 Whangarei 4.8 New Zealand 61,291 4,085 6.7 56,514 2,713

SOURCE: VISION/HEARING TESTING ANNUAL RETURNS, UNPUBLISHED DATA, DIVISION OF HEALTH PROMOION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON. SECTION 5. HEALTH RISKS

INTRODUCTION

The importance of lifestyle and environment in causing morbidity and mortality is increasingly recognised. Modifications to lifestyle and environment were also strongly emphasised as being key factors in bringing about further improvements in health status:

"It is the thesis of this report that further improvements in the health of the American people can and will be achieved - not alone through increased medical care and greater health expenditures - but through a renewed national commitment to efforts designed to prevent disease and to promote health. ... the health of this Nations citizens can be significantly improved through actions individuals can take themselves, and through actions decision makers in the public and private sectors can take to promote a safer and healthier environment for all Americans at home, at work and at play. For the individual often only modest lifestyle changes are needed to substantially reduce risk for several diseases. And many of the personal decisions required to reduce risk for one disease can reduce it for others" (1. p.3,10).

Some of the lifestyle hazards became established before they were recognised as risks and now appear difficult to modify. The environmental risks covered are those associated with our living and working environment and are often beyond the scope of the individual to change.

If we want to intervene effectively in order to reduce their effects there is a wide range of information we need to know so that treatment and prevention programmes and facilities can be tailored to suit the at risk groups. If such programmes are to be effective additional information on attitudes, beliefs and habits may also be important. Such qualitative information has not been included in the handbook, but has an important place in health planning if services are to be responsive, and relevant to the needs of the population.

Lifestyle

Under lifestyle risks, information on accidents, alcohol abuse and cigarette smoking is presented. We would have liked to include data on other areas such as diet and exercise but there is no suitable information available for assessing regional differences. If such information is available through local surveys it should be considered.

Accidents: Accidents rank as one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in the community. Particularly alarming is the impact accidents have on premature mortality where they rank first among the causes of years of life lost between 1 and 70.

The impact of accients is felt more strongly in some age groups than in others, and males and females of different ages are at risk from different types .of accidents. For example, young adults and especially men are most at risk from motor vehicle accidents, elderly women from accidental falls while the death rate from suicide shows a gradual increase with age. Therefore, information is needed on type of accident as well as age and sex. 5/2

Alcohol Abuse: Alcohol consumption has been increasing steadily in New Zealand over the last 20 years and today its effects rate as a major public health problem.

As alcohol consumption has increased so too has the number of alcohol related deaths and admissions to general and psychiatric hospitals. These figures are only the tip of the iceberg and many of the effects of alcohol abuse are only picked up indirectly, for example, through motor vehicle accidents and those seeking assistance through welfare agencies for family problems.

Unfortunately there is very little information available to assess regional differences in consumption patterns of alcohol. Regional figures for beer consumption are available but not those for wine or spirits. It is hoped that information on retail outlets and total value of sales by region will be an indicator of consumption. However, these figures appear to underestimate the true amount of alcohol consumed in New Zealand. There is other information also not available, which is desirable if we want to develop programmes to modify consumption. This would include information on drinking habits by age, sex, occupation and marital status etc.

It is hoped that the gross indicators presented here will be an indication of the situation as it may exist regionally and give direction as to what further information needs to be assembled.

Cigarette Smoking: Although lung cancer is the most frequently cited example of ill health resulting from smoking, cigarettes are also a major cause of coronary heart disease and the main cause of chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

Through the inclusion of smoking questions in both the 1976 and 1981 censuses, a vast amount of information is now available on smoking patterns by a number of social variables. Most of the information on cigarette smoking patterns by social variables is available only at the national level. Regional information is more restricted. It includes cigarette smoking practise by age by sex by ethnic group and number of cigarettes smoked by age by sex by ethnic group. Both these data sets are available for Statistical Areas, Statistical Divisions, Urban Areas, local authorities and subdivisions thereof. Much of the regional data has been presented but further data can be requested from the Department of Statistics. Data from the 1981 census was not available at the time data for the handbook was assembled and so the statistics presented refer only to 1976.

Because more detailed information on cigarette smoking patterns is not available at a regional level, comment on the national situation is included. Although slight variations between regions may exist, it is thought that the patterns described for New Zealand can be equally applied throughout the country. In compiling these comments, reference was made to the national 10 per cent sample from the 1981 census. 5/3

At the national level, regular cigarette smoking practise by both men and women is more likely to be found in the lower income groups and among blue collar workers. Particularly of concern is the high percentage of cigarette smokers among Maori women.

Through an extensive educational programme, New Zealand is experiencing a gradual decline in per capita consumption. However, this decline is not occurring evenly across the population. It is the higher income earners and those in professional occupations, whether they be men or women, who are more likely to have given up smoking. Data from the 1981 census showed that while fewer young men are now starting smoking, the proportion of young women who start has shown little change.

The data presented in the handbook indicating differences in smoking patterns between different local authorities, age, sex and ethnic groups, along with the knowledge of patterns and trends at a national level, should be useful in planning a range of educational and other preventive programmes to reach all sectors of the community.

In conclusion, it is hoped that the information on lifestyle risks will be of use in planning and developing not only effective treatment, rehabilitation and support for those suffering from the effects of our lifestyle, but will also enable effective primary prevention programmes to be implemented.

Environment

The conquest of infectious diseases both in New Zealand and overseas remains an outstanding tribute to improvements in the physical and social environment. Infectious diseases are now rare because of efforts to develop and upgrade public water supply and sewerage disposal systems.

In 1980 piped water from a public water supply, where the quality is monitored and controlled, was provided for 87 per cent of New Zealands population.

Seventy-seven per cent of the total population have sewerage services, 22 per cent rely on household septic tanks, and less than 1 per cent on pit privies or nightsoil collection.

Although most communities with a population over 500 are sewered and connected to a public water supply, there are still a few that are not.

Most urban communities in New Zealand have a weekly refuse collection provided by the area local authority, and 95 per cent of soild waste is disposed of by landfilling, the balance by composting and incineration.

It is hoped that the data provided will enable environmental services to be reviewed and assessed so that an adequate and if possible high standard of environmental health services will be maintained for those already served and extended to those who are not. 5/4

The quality of housing, the style of new developments as well as the standard of old ones is thought to have some effect on physical and mental health. Inadequate heating (or a form of heating which is too expensive for a resident) can give rise to hypothermia in old people. Substandard dwellings along with overcrowding is thought to increase the incidence of airborne diseases. Those same conditions can probably also be associated with increased psychological stress. However it has also been stated that such associations are not easy to prove with an individual case. "The associations between an unsatisfactory physical environment and respiratory problems and between housing conditions and mental wellbeing have been studied, but an association is much less easy to prove in an individual case" (2. p.100). Although the issue of the effects of housing on health is complex, being associated with various other social aspects of the environment, it may. be reasonably hypothesised that good housing promotes the attainment of good health.

Other aspects of environmental health not covered in the handbook but important in maintaining a high quality of life include, quality control of food and food premises and restrictions on exposure to harmful and toxic substances including noise, smells and smoke. Information on aspects of environmental pollution is particularly important because of growing industrial and urban complexity. Enquiries about further environmental data should be directed to the district health office or local authority responsible.

Comment on the influence of the occupational environment on health has been largely covered under Section 3, Social and Economic Charactieristics. In spite of the complexity surrounding the influence of occupationon health certain industries do seem to be more dangerous to work in than others. As far as accidents are concerned, mining and quarrying appear to be the most accident prone industry, followed by manufacturing which includes as high risk areas, food (including meat processing), petroleum, coal, iron and steel manufacturing.

Information on industries and occupations is therefore important in. planning accident prevention programmes, in the location of occupational health centres and in the continuing move towards improving environmental conditions at work and medical supervision of the workforce.

References:

U.S. Surgeon Generals Office. - Healthy people : the Surgeon Generals report on health promotion and disease prevention, 1979. - Rockville, Md. : US Dept of Health Education and Welfare, Public Health Service, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health.

2 MUIR GRAY, J.A. - Housing, health, and illness, in Br. Med. J - v.2 (8 July 1978) p. 100-101.

5/5

TABLES AND FIGURES

LIFESTYLE Accidents Table 5.1 Northland Hospital Board residents, deaths (total number for 5 years, and average annual rate per 100,000 age specific mean population), by type of accident, by age and sex, years 1974-1978.

Table 5.2 E New Zealand, deaths (total number for 5 years, and average annual rate per 100,000 age specific mean population), by type of accident, by age and sex, years 1974-1978. Table 5.3 Nàrthland Hospital Board, public hospital admissions (average annual number and average annual rate per 100,000 age specific mean population) and total bed days (average annual number), by type of accident, by age and sex, years 1974-1978. Table 5.4 : New Zealand, public hospital admissions (average annual number and average annual rate per 100,000 age specific mean population) and total bed days (average annual number), by type of accident, by age and sex, years 1974-1978.

Notes Compensated accidents 1980. Table 5.5 Northland, locality of compensated accidents for earners (work and non-work) and non-earners, year 1980. Alcohol abuse Figure 5.1 : New Zealand, estimated consumption of absolute alcohol per head of total population, years 1955-1980.

Table 5.6 New Zealand, estimated consumption of absolute alcohol per head of total population, years 1955-1980.

Table 5.7 North Auckland industry region, beer consumption per capita for years ended March 1978, January 1980. Table 5.8 Northland statistical area and New Zealand total, retail outlets - wine and spirit merchants and wine resellers, total number of stores and rate of stores per 100,000 adult population, total value of sales and rate of sales per head of adult population, years 1967-68, 1972-73, 1977-78. Table 5.9 : Northland statistical area and New Zealand total, retail outlets - licensed hotels, motels, taverns and chartered clubs, total number of outlets and rate of outlets per 100,000 adult population, total value of sales and rate of sales per head of adult population, years 1968, 1973, 1978. able 5.10 : Northland Hospital Board residents, alcohol related causes of death, average annual number and average annual rate per 100,000 mean adult population, years 1974-1978. Table 5.11 : New Zealand, alcohol related causes of death, average annual number and average annual rate per 100,000 mean adult population, years 1974-1978. able 5.12a : Northland Hospital Board residents, alcohol-related discharges and deaths from hospital (public, private and psychiatric combined), number and rate per 100,000 mean adult population, year 1978. 5/6 Table 5.13a New Zealand, alcohol-related discharges and deaths from hospital (public, private and psychiatric combined), number and rate per 100,000 mean adult population, year 1978. Table 5.12b Northland Hospital Board residents, alcohol-related discharges and deaths from hospital (public, private and psychiatric combined), number and rate per 100,000 mean adult population, year 1979. Table 5.13b New Zealand, alcohol-related discharges and deaths from hospital (public, private and psychiatric combined), number and rate per 100,000 mean adult population, year 1979. Cigarette Smoking Table 5.14 : New Zealand total, Northland statistical area, Northland statistical area Maori population, and local authorities, cigarette smoking practice expressed as a percentage, by age and sex, subject population 15 years and over, year 1976. (Regional level data are high priority, local authority data are low priority.) Table 5.15 : New Zealand total, Northland statistical area, Northland statistical area Maori population, and local authorities, number of cigarettes smoked by regular smokers expressed as a percentage, by age and sex, subject population 15 years and over, year 1976. (Regional level data are high priority, local authority data are low priority.) ENVIRONMENT Environmental Services and Quality Table 5.16 Whangarei health district, communities with public water supply, the grading of that water supply and source, years 1975 and 1980. Part (A) water supplies under the control of local authorities. Part, (B) water supplies under the control of central government. Notes Grading of public water supplies. - Table 5.17 Whangarei health district, communities not on public water supply, year 1980. Reference Northland, fluoridated water supplies. Table 5.18 : Whangarei health district, survey of sewerage systems, communities with a population 500 and over (1976 census), year .1978. Table 5.19 : Whangarei health district, the grading of refuse disposal sites under the control of local authorities, year 1977.

Reference Housing quality. V Industrial and Occupational Health Table 5.20 : Whangarei health district, notification of diseases arising from occupation, years 1978-1980. Table 5.21 : New Zealand total, notification of diseases arising from occupation, years 1978-1980. TABLE 5.1 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD RESIDENTS, DEATHS (TOTAL NUMBER FOR 5 YEARS, AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 100,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION), BY TYPE OF ACCIDENT, BY AGE AND SEX, YEARS 1974-1978

.4. DEATHS MALE FEMALE I • C. D. TYPE OF ACCIDENT TOTAL NUMBER AVERAGE TOTAL NUMBER AVERAGE NUMBER By AGE GROUP 5 YEARS ANNUAL RATE 5 YEARS ANNUAL RATE

E810-827 ROAD VEHICLE ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 15 16.7 7 8.2 15-24 " 42 99.7 13 31.5 25-44 " 28 43.9 6 9.5 45-64 " 19 36.4 8 15.9 65+ " 15 68.7 4 17.2 TOTAL 119 44.1 38 14.4

E850-869 ACCIDENTAL POISONING BY DRUGS, MEDICAMENTS, AND OTHER SOLIDS OR LIQUIDS 0-14 YEARS 1 1.1 - 15-24 " - - - - 25-44 " 3 4.7 1 1.6 45-64 " - - - - - 65+ - - - - TOTAL 4 1.5 ]. 0.4

E880-887 ACCIDENTAL FALLS 0-14 YEARS 1 1.1 1 1.2 15-24 " 1 2.4 - - 25-44 " 4 6.3 - - 45-64 " 1 1.9 - - 65+ " 8 36.7 32 137.3 TOTAL 15 5.6 33 12.5

E930-936 SURGICAL AND MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS AND MISADVENTURES 0-14 YEARS - - - - 15-24 " - - 1 2.4 25-44 - - . - - 45-64 " - - - - 65+ " - - - - TOTAL - - 1 0.4

E950-959 SUICIDE AND SELF INFLICTED INJURY 0-14 YEARS - - - - 15-24 " 3 7.1 1 2.4 25-44 10 15.7 3 4.7 45-64 " 15 28.7 3 6.0 65+ 2 9.2 2 8.6 TOTAL 30 11.1 9 3.4

E960-969 HOMICIDE AND INJURY PURPOSELY INFLICTED BY OTHERS 0-14 YEARS 1 1.1 1 1.2 15-24 - - - - 25-44 " 1 1.6 - - 45-64 " 1 1.9 - - 65+ - - - - TOTAL 3 1.1 1 0.4

OTHER ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 16 17.8 8 9.3 15-24 " 17 40.4 - - 25-44 20 31.4 1 1.6 45-64 " 14 26.8 2 4.0 65+ 9 41.2 2 8.6 TOTAL 76 28.2 13 4.9 TOTAL: ALL ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 34 37.9 17 19.8 15-24 63 149.5 15 36.3 25-44 66 103.5 11 17.4 45-64 " 50 95.7 13 25.8 65+ " 34 155.8 40 171.6 TOTAL 247 91.6 96 36.4

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON. TABLE 5.2 : NEW ZEALAND DEATHS (TOTAL NUMBER FOR 5 YEARS, AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 100,000 AGE SPECIFIC: MEAN POPULATION), BY TYPE OF ACCIDENT, BY AGE AND SEX, YEARS 1974-1978

DEATHS MALE FEMALE I . C. B. TYPE OF ACCIDENT TOTAL NUMBER AVERAGE TOTAL NUMBER AVERAGE NUMBER BY AGE GROUP 5 YEARS ANNUAL RATE 5 YEARS ANNUAL RATE E810-827 ROAD VEHICLE ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 251 10.6 185 8.1 15-24 " 1,208 84.8 310 22.5 25-44 " 566 28.7 171 8.9 45-64 " 364 25.1 168 11.5 65+ 258 43.4 214 26.7 TOTAL 2,647 33.9 1,048 13.4

E850-869 ACCIDENTAL POISONING BY DRUGS, MEDICAMENTS, AND OThER SOLIDS OR LIQUIDS 0-14 YEARS 12 0.5 1 0.0 15-24 24 1.7 8 0.6 25-44 " 24 1.2 22 1.1 45-64 " 19 1.3 16 1.1 65+ " 5 0.8 3 0.4 TOTAL 84 1.1 50 0.6

E880-887 ACCIDENTAL FALLS 0-14 YEARS 46 1.9 24 1.1 15-24 ." 62 4.4 12 0.9 25-44 • 73 3.7 14 0.7 45-64 " 109 7.5 39 2.7 65+ " 501 84.2 1,242 154.8 TOTAL 791 10.1 1,331 17.0

E930-936 SURGICAL AND MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS AND MISADVANTURES 0-14 YEARS 1 0.0 1 0.0 15-24 " - - 1 0.1 25-44 " 2 0.1 3 0.2 45-64 - - - - 65+ 0 - - 3 0.4 TOTAL 3 0.0 8 0.1

E950-959 SUICIDE AND SELF INFLICTED INJURY 0-14 YEARS 6 0.3 3 0.1 15-24 204 14.3 51 3.7 25-44 " 328 16.6 161 8.4 45-64 335 23.1 205 14.0 65+ " 171 28.7 80 10.0 TOTAL 1,044 13.4 500 6.4

E960-969 HOMICIDE AND INJURY PURPOSELY INFLICTED BY OThERS 0-14 YEARS 29 1.2 30 1.3 15-24 33 2.3 15 1.1 25-44 ," 40 . 2.0 23 1.2 45-64 0 36 2.5 6 0.4 65+ 0 4 0.7 5 0.6 TOTAL 142 1.8 79 1.0 OTHER ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 343 14.5 165 7.3 15-24 " 370 26.0 56 4.1 25-44 :," . . 565 28.7 70 3.6 45-64 390 26.9 81 5.5 65+ 207 34.8 207 25.8 TOTAL 1,875 24.0 579 7.4 TOTAL: ALL ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 688 29.0 409 18.0 15-24 1,901 133.4 453 32.9 25-44 " 1,598 81.1 464 24.2 45-64 " 1,253 86.5 515 35.1 65+ 1,146 192.6 1,754 218.5 TOTAL 6,586 84.3 3,595 . 45.9

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON. TABLE 5.3 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD, PUBLIC HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS (AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 100,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION) AND TOTAL BED DAYS (AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER)., BY TYPE OF ACCIDENT, BY AGE AND SEX YEARS 1974-1978

HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS HOSPITAL BED DAYS FEMALE MALE FEMALE I.C.D. TYPE OF ACCIDENT NUMBER BY AGE GROUP NUMBER RATE NUMBER RATE NUMBER NUMBER

E810-827 ROAD VEHICLE ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 107 599 84 491 763 517 15-24 " 265 3,150 102 1,229 2,358 798 25-44 " 88 690 42 329 786 311 45-64 " 40 379 21 209 1,125 505 65+ " 14 330 12 249 165 234 TOTAL 515 955 260 492 5,198 2,366

E850-869 ACCIDENTAL POISONING BY DRUGS, MEDICAMENTS, AND OTHER SOLIDS OR LIQUIDS 0-14 YEARS 38 213 35 202 61 50 15-24 " 5 62 4 53 11 15 25-44 " 2 19 3 27 6 12 45-64 " 2 17 2 16 17 5 65+ 1 32 1 17 35 9 TOTAL 49 91 45 85 130 92 E880-887 ACCIDENTAL FALLS 0-14 YEARS 185 1,029 126 736 891 481 15-24 " 67 798 22 269 750 112 25-44 " 70 548 26 204 445 157 45-64 " 41 394 43 431 457 489 65+ " 33 747 89 1,904 1,196 2,884 TOTAL 395 733 307 581 3,738 4,124 E930-936 SURGICAL AND MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS AND MISADVENTURES 0-14 YEARS 9 52 10 58 74 88 15-24 8 100 10 119 55 69 25-44 10 80 19 152 92 141 45-64 " 11 109 16 159 155 167 65+ 11 257 12 266 195 217 TOTAL 51 94 67 128 572 682

E950-959 SUICIDE AND SELF INFLICTED INJURY 0-14 YEARS 0 2 1 5 8 6 15-24 "5 57 12 145 14 32 25-44 " 6 47 14 111 18 60 45-64 " 2 23 3 34 27 22 65+ " - - 1 21 - 6 TOTAL 14 25 31 59 68 126

E960-969 HOMICIDE AND INJURY PURPOSELY INFLICTED BY OTHERS 0-14 YEARS 2 13 1 5 48 17 15-24 26 309 5 63 163 20 25-44 17 133 10 79 94 40 45-64 6 61 1 14 31 6 65+ " 1 23 1 13 3 1 TOTAL 53 98 18 34 339 85 OTHER ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 175 975 96 557 1,516 793 15-24 " 174 2,063 49 588 1,045 291 25-44 " 168 1,318 48, 380 1,234 288 45-64 92 787 26 262 856 238 65+ " 21 490 14 292 315 265 TOTAL 620 1,150 232 440 4,967 1,874 TOTAL: ALL ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 517 2,884 352 2,053 3,362 1,952 15-24 551 6,537 204 2,466 4,396 1,338 25-44 361 2,835 162 1,281 2,676 1,010 45-64 185 1,770 113 1,124 2,670 1,433 65+ " 82 1,879 129 2,762 1,909 3,617 TOTAL 1,697 3,146 960 1,818 15,012 9,348

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON.

TABLE 5.4 : NEW ZEALAND, PUBLIC HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS (AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 100,000 AGE SPECIFIC MEAN POPULATION) AND TOTAL BED DAYS (AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER), BY TYPE OF ACCIDENT, BY AGE AND SEX, YEARS 1974-1978

HOSPITAL ADMISSIONS HOSPITAL BED DAYS MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE I • C. D. TYPE OF ACCIDENT NUMBER BY AGE GROUP NUMBER RATE NUMBER RATE NUMBER NUMBER

E810-827 ROAD VEHICLE ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 1,637 345 1,229 271 13,907 8,363 15-24 " 4,700 1,649 1,546 562 53,035 14,748 25-44 " 1,654 420 620 161 19,509 6,271 45-64 " 718 248 434 148 12,874 7,177 65+ 313 263 297 185 6,695 6,869 TOTAL 9,022. 578 4,125 263 106,021 43,428 E850-869 ACCIDENTAL POISONING BY DRUGS, MEDICAMENTS, AND OTHER SOLIDS OR LIQUIDS 0-14 YEARS 865 183 639 141 1,439 981 15-24 71 25 44 16 166 101 25-44 " 48 12 37 10 141 143 45-64 36 12 26 9 192 193 65+ • 20 17 27 17 207 540 TOTAL 1,041 67 772 49 2,144 1,957 5880-887 ACCIDENTAL FALLS 0-14 YEARS 2,549 538 1,640 361 13,502 6,889 15-24 " 1,332 467 369 134 9,650 2,166 25-44 1,060 269 406 106 9,120 2,964 45-64 856 295 839 286 11,286 12,967 65+ 917 771 2,913 1,815 32,624 132,873 TOTAL 6,713 430 6,167 393 76,181 157,860 5930-936 SURGICAL AND MEDICAL COMPLICATIONS AND MISADVENTURES 0-14 YEARS 363 77 286 63 3,234 2,297 15-24 " 327 115 404 147 3,207 3,184 25-44 431 109 855 223 5,088 8,967 45-64 " 605 209 598 204 10,647 10,482 65+ " 538 452 558 347 11,692 13,075 TOTAL 2,264 145 2,700 172 33,868 38,005 5950-959 SUICIDE AND SELF INFLICTED INJURY 0-14 YEARS 15 3 65 14 112 282 15-24 393 138 790 287 1,667 3,018 25-44 " 333 85 645 168 1,439 3,044 45-64 " 109 38 225 77 775 1,395 65+ " 33 28 51 32 414 711 TOTAL 883 57 1,776 113 4,406 8,450 E960-969 HOMICIDE AND INJURY PURPOSELY INFLICTED BY OTHERS 0-14 YEARS 63 13 49 11 1,238 1,083 15-24 " 713 250 151 55 2,486 501 25-44 " 474 120 166 43 2,217 726 45-64 127 44 37 13 821 269 65+ " 17 14 6 4 166 230 TOTAL 1,394 89 409 26 6,929 2,809 OTHER ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 3,050 643 1,692 373 25,136 13,624 15-24 " 3,674 1,289 912 331 25,702 6,424 25-44 3,218 816 884 230 30,721 8,347 45-64 " 1,562 539 635 217 18,112 7,655 65+ 467 392 546 340 8,299 17,972 TOTAL 11,971 766 4,669 298 107,969 54,021 TOTAL: ALL ACCIDENTS 0-14 YEARS 8,544 1,802 5,601 1,233 58,567 33,519 15-24 11,210 3,934 4,216 1,531 95,912 30,141 25-44 7,218 1,831 3,612 940 68,235 30,462 45-64 4,012 1,385 2,794 953 54,706 40,138 65+ 2,305 1,937 4,397 2,739 60,098 172,270 TOTAL 33,288 2,131 20,620 1,316 337,518 306,530

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON. COMPENSATED ACCIDENTS 1980

The following statistics relate to accidents occurring in the calendar year 1980. All statistics are confined to compensated claims -- that is, where a claim has been made to the Accident Compensation Corporation and the Corporation has paid compensation to victims or their dependents for any of the following:

(a) Loss of earnings beyond the first week of incapacity.

(b) Permanent loss or impairment of bodily function.

(c) Other non-economic loss.

(d) Funeral expenses.

(e) Damage to teeth, artificial aids, or clothing.

(f) Medical treatment or transport expenses.

(g) Cost of home help.

(h) Rehabilitation costs.

(i) Certain other unusual costs.

Accordingly, the table largely excludes cases resulting in incapacity of seven days or less, and those entailing medical treatment only. (In the first, the Corporation is not required to pay compensation, and in the second the doctor is normally reimbursed direct.)

In addition, the Corporation does not always receive claims for injured non- earners, even in fatal cases. This limits the significance of the figures for non-work injuries, especially those to children and elderly people.

Suicides and self-inflicted injuries are not normally compensable. Any that appear in the table are the result of the Corporations discretion to pay compensation in certain circumstances, or the fact that some compensation was paid before it was established that the injury was self-inflicted.

Since claims continue to be received and processed some months after the end of 1980, these statistics must be treated as provisional only. All numbers and compensation amounts are as recorded at 31 July 1981.

The Accident Compensation Corporation records quite a wide range of information on compensated accidents and welcomes further enquiries.

Besides the information on locality presented here, they also hold data on such variables as environment, occupational status of earners and non-earners, industry group, cause, fatality or permanent or temporary disability, age and sex.

To help ensure that the, best answer is given the A.C.C. asks enquirers to state their requirements as specifically as possible, their reasons for wanting the Information, and how they intend using the statistics.

Please write to the Chief Research Officer, Accident Compensation Corporation, Private Bag, Wellington. SOURCE: The above comments are extracted from an unpublished report, "Compensated Accidents 1980", released by the Accident Corporation.

TABLE 5,5 NORTHLAND.. LOCALITY OF COMPENSATED ACCIDENTS FOR EARNERS (WORK AND NON-WORK) AND NON-EARNERS, YEAR 1980

LOCALITY EARNER NON-EARNER TOTALS WORK NON-WORK

City Whangarei 536 468 198 1,202

Boroughs Dargaville 107 89 43 239 Kaikohe 81 94 26 201 Kaitaia 78 133 36 247

Towns Awanui 13 16 8 37 Hikurangi 21 29 8 58 Kaeo 10 14 2 26 Kaiwaka 15 2 5 22 Kawakawa 35 58 9 102 Kerikeri 37 40 16 93 Kohukohu 3 3 0 6 Maungaturoto 20 17 6 43 Moerewa 263 38 10 311 Omapere 0 1 0 1 Opua 5 6 4 15 Paihia 8 19 7 34 Rawene 7 10 2 19 Ruawai 39 23 2 64 Russell 15 15 5 35 Te Kopuru 17 8 4 29

Counties Bay of Islands 118 119 43 280 Hobson 102 52 17 171 Hokianga 68 54 21 143 Mangonui 91 104 43 238 Otamatea 55 32 25 112 Whangarei 288 242 86 616 Whangaroa 16 12 9 37

NORTHLAND TOTAL 2,048 1,698 635 4,381

NEW ZEALAND TOTAL 46,970 40,903 16,312 104,185

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, ACCIDENT COMPENSATION CORPORATION, WELLINGTON. FIGURE 5,1 : NEW ZEALAND, ESTIMATED CONSUMPTION OF ABSOLUTE ALCOHOL PER HEAD. OF TOTAL POPULATION, YEARS 9

L

8

7

6

0 0

U)

cn

3

2 ITS

1

1955 1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 YEAR SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, ALCOHOLIC LIQUOR ADVISORY COUNCIL, WELLINGTON. TABLE 5.6 : NEW ZEALAND, ESTIMATED CONSUMPTION OF ABSOLUTE ALCOHOL PER HEAD OF TOTAL POPULATION, YEARS 1955-1980

YEAR BEER WINE SPIRITS TOTAL (litres) (litres) (litres) (litres)

1955 3.956 0.272 1.218 5.446 1956 4.008 0.224 1.260 5.492 1957 4.144 0.240 1.092 5.476 1958 3.836 0.304 0.882 5.022 1959 3.588 0.304 0.840 4.732 1960 3.996 0.336 1.008 5.340 1961 4.000 0.320 1.050 5.370 1962 4.132 0.336 0.966 5.434 1963 4.048 0.368 1.050 5.466 1964 4.080 0.416 1.176 5.672 1965 4.160 0.448 1.218 5.826 1966 4.296 0.512 1.176 5.984 1967 4.408 0.592 1.134 6.134 1968 4.424 0.672 0.966 6.062 1969 4.452 0.784 1.008 6.244 1970 4.672 0.891 1.050 6.613 1971 4.852 1.047 1.134 7.033 1972 4.844 1.132 1.218 7.194 1973 5.008 1.288 1.470 7.766 1974 4.916 1.319 1.638 7.873 1975 5.052 1.230 1.764 8.046 1976 4.792 1.358 1.974 8.124 1977 4.900 1.316 1.974 8.190 1978 5.096 1.610 1.974 8.680 1979 4.740 1.582 2.214 8.536 1980 4.836 1.864 1.941 8.641

NOTES: 1 Estimated Consumption The statistics are based on estimates of production, plus imports less exports. Appropriate adjustments are made for changes in stock held in bond and elsewhere and for storage losses and wastage. No account has been taken of home produced beverages. 2 Absolute Alcohol Content of Beer, Wine and Spirits 1.979 Beer 4% alcohol by volume - 3.2% by weight Taken from a weighted average of values given from a survey conducted by the DSIR. The weightings for the different types of beer were provided by Lion Breweries. Wine Fortified Wine 18% alcohol by volume - 14.4% by weight Table Wine 11% alcohol by volume - 8.8% by weight Average 14% alcohol by volume - 11.2% by weight These figures were obtained from the Wine institute of New Zealand and are in line with a survey of New Zealand wines undertaken by the OSIR in 1976. For the preceding years, the following averages were supplied by the Wine Institute: 1975 14.3% alcohol by volume - 11.4% by weight 1974 14.5% alcohol by volume - 11.6% by weight 1973 14.8% alcohol by volume - 11.8% by weight 1972 14.9% alcohol by volume - 11.9% by weight 1971 15.4% alcohol by volume - 12.3% by weight 1970 15.9% alcohol by volume - 12.7% by weight Pre 1970 16.0% alcohol by volume - 12.8% by weight (Pre-1970 figures on the proportion of fortified and table wines consumed are not currently available so the estimate of 16% is used.) Spirits 42% alcohol by volume - 33.6% by weight This was obtained from the Customs Department.

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, ALCOHOLIC LIQUOR ADVISORY COUNCIL., WELLINGTON. (BASED ON STATISTICS COLLECTED BY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS.) TABLE 57 : NORTH AUCKLAND INDUSTRY REGION BEER CONSUMPTION PER CAPITA FOR YEARS ENDED MARCH 1978, JANUARY 1980

INDUSTRY REGION LITRES PER HEAD OF POPULATION YEAR 1978 YEAR 1980

North Auckland 141 130

New Zealand total 128 115

(1) North Auckland Industry Region (Sales District) is considerably larger than the Northland Hospital Board area, and includes Huapai, Riverhead and Albany.

Note: Consumption figures on a sub-national basis are not available for either wine or spirits. The consumption pattern of these is thought to differ from that of beer. Therefore, although beer consumption may be above the national average, total alcoholic liquor consumption at a regional level may have a different relationship to the national figures.

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, ALCOHOLIC LIQUOR ADVISORY COUNCIL, WELLINGTON. (BASED ON STATISTICS PROVIDED BY LION BREWERIES LIMITED.)

TABLE 5.8 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, RETAIL OUTLETS - WINE AND SPIRIT MERCHANTS AND WINE RESELLERS, TOTAL NUMBER OF STORES AND RATE OF STORES PER 100,000 ADULT POPULATION, TOTAL VALUE OF SALES AND RATE OF SALES PER HEAD OF ADULT POPULATION, YEARS 1967-68, 1972-73, 1977-78

STATISTICALSTORES SALES $ AREA 196748 1972-73 1977-78 1967-68 1972-73 1977-78 Total No Total No Total No Total $ Total $ Total 5

Northland 7 11 17 649,000 1,782,000 5,709,000 (1,717,000) (3,420,000) (5,826,000) 131,171,000(2) New Zealand 192 271 379 10,900,000 39,000,000 (28,836,000) (74,856,000) (133,848,000)

Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate N01100,000 No/100,000 N01100,000 S/head S/head S/head

Northland 14.0 20.6 27.2 13 33 91 (34) (63) (93)

New Zealand 12.3 16.0 19.9 7 23 69 (19) (44) (70)

(1) Based on the adult population, 20 years and over, for the census years 1966, 1971, 1976.

(2) Incomplete. Constant dollars - inflation adjusted. The deflator used is the Consumer Price Index, Base December Quarter 1977. Source; New Zealand Official yearbook 1981, p.922.

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, ALCOHOLIC LIQUOR ADVISORY COUNCIL, WELLINGTON (BASED ON INFORMATION FROM THE CENSUS OF DISTRIBUTION, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS).

TABLE 5.9 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA AND NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, RETAIL OUTLETS - LICENSED HOTELS", MOTELS" , TAVERNS AND CHARTERED CLUBS, TOTAL NUMBER OF OUTLETS AND RATE OF OUTLETS PER 100,000 ADULT POPULATION", TOTAL VALUE OF SALES AND RATE OF SALES PER HEAD OF ADULT POPULATION YEARS 1968, 19731 1978

STATISTICAL RETAIL OUTLETS - SALES $ - AREA 1968 1973 1978 1968 1973 - 1978 Total No Total No Total No Total $ Total $ Total $

Northland 54 55 69 4,531,000 8,846,000 19,587,000 (11,648,000) (1519101000) (18,478,000)

New Zealand 1,338 1,414 11541 129,000,000 260,800,000 537,682,000 (331,620,000) (467,626,000) (507,247,000)

Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate Rate N01100,000 No/100,000 N01100,000 $/head S/head S/head

Northland 107.7 103.1 110.6 90 166 314 (231) (299) (296)

New Zealand 85.8 83.6 81.1 83 154 283 (213) (277) (267)

(1) In 1968 Census of Distribution, licensed hotels were asked to supply sales of beer, wine, spirits, tobacco and cigarettes only, with the appropriate related employment and wage data for that area only. In the 1973 Census, sales or turnover, labour force and salaries and wages for licensed hotels also include accommodation services and "a la carte" dining rooms where meals are charged for separately to guests (i.e. not included in tarrif), and the general public. Also included in the 1973 figures are 22 licensed hotels (with total sales of $4.9 million for which accommodation services is the predominant-activity and which are therefore classified as service establishments, but a large proportion of turnover (less than 50%) is attributed to retail sales. For this table these hotels have been included with all predomixiantly classified retail licensed hotels in 1973. -

(2) Motels were not covered in the 1968 Census; in a separate category in the 1973 Census; and included with licensed hotels in the 1978 Census. Taverns are separated from hotels and listed with chartered clubs in the 1978 Census because they are now classified by sale of alcoholic drinks under licence rather than by accommodation.

(3) Based on the adult population 20 years and over for the census years 1966, 1971, 1976.

(4) The breakdown of sales for licensed hotels only is:-

Retail Sales $147.8 Million Accommodation services 26.0 M Wholesale sales 11.3 M Miring & Leasing Services 0.1 M

$185.2 M

Constant dollars - inflation adjusted. The deflator used is the Consumer Price Index, Base December Quarter 1977. Source; New Zealand Official Yearbook 1981, p.923.

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, ALCOHOLIC LIQUOR ADVISORY COUNCIL, WELLINGTON (BASED ON INFORMATION FROM THE CENSUS OF DISTRIBUTION, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTIC

TABLE 5.10 : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD RESIDENTS, ALCOHOL RELATED CAUSES OF DEATH, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 100,000 MEAN ADULT POPULATION YEARS 19714-1978

DISEASE I.C.D. MALE FEMALE TOTAL CODE NO RATE NO RATE NO RATE

Alcoholic psychosis N291 0.2 0.6 - - 0.2 0.3

Alcoholism N303 1.2 3.8 - - 1.2 1.9

Cirrhosis of liver N571 2.8 8.9 1.4 4.5 4.2 6.7

Accidental poisoning by alcohol E860 0.6 1.9 - - 0.6 1.0

TOTAL 4.8 15.3 1.4 4.5 6.2 9.9

(1) Based on the adult population 20 years and over from the 1976 census.

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 5.11 : NEW ZEALAND, ALCOHOL RELATED CAUSES OF DEATH, AVERAGE ANNUAL NUMBER AND AVERAGE ANNUAL RATE PER 100,000 MEAN ADULT POPULATION YEARS 19714-1978

DISEASE I.C.D. MALE FEMALE TOTAL CODE NO RATE NO RATE NO RATE

Alcoholic psychosis N291 3.4 0.4 0.8 0.1 4.2 0.2

Alcoholism N303 56.2 6.0 10.4 1.1 66.6 3.5

Cirrhosis of liver N571 109.8 11.7 55.4 5.7 165.2 8.7

Accidental poisoning by alcohol E860 7.0 0.7 1.2 0.1 8.2 0.4

TOTAL 176.4 18.9 67.8 7.0 244.2 12.8

(1) Based on the adult population 20 years and over from the 1976 census.

SOURCE: MORTALITY AND DEMOGRAPHIC DATA 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 5.12A : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD RESIDENTS, ALCOHOL-RELATED DISCHARGES AND DEATHS FROM HOSPITAL (PUBLIC, PRIVATE AND PSYCHIATRIC COMBINED), NUMBER AND RATE PER 100,000 MEAN ADULT POPULATION, YEAR 1978

DISEASE I C D MALE FEMALE TOTAL CODE NO RATE NO RATE NO RATE

Alcoholic psychosis N291 1 1.6 2 3.2 3 4.8 Alcoholism N303 62 99.4 19 30.4 81 129.8 Cirrhosis of liver N571 4 6.4 6 9.6 10 16.0 TOTAL 67 107.4 27 43.3 94 150.6

(1) Based on the adult population 20 years and over from 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings for Northland S.A., 62405.

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 5.13A : NEW ZEALAND, ALCOHOL-RELATED DISCHARGES AND DEATHS FROM HOSPITAL (PUBLIC, PRIVATE AND PSYCHIATRIC COMBINED), NUMBER AND RATE PER 100,000 MEAN (1) ADULT POPULATION J YEAR 1978

DISEASE I.C.D.MALE FEMALE TOTAL CODE NO RATE NO RATE NO RATE

Alcoholic psychosis N291 206 10.8 61 3.2 267 14.0 Alcoholism N303 3349 176.2 914 48.1 4263 224.3 Cirrhosis of liver N571 312 16.4 182 9.6 494 26.0 TOTAL 3867 203.5 1157 60.9 5024 264.4

(1) Based on the adult population 20 years and over from the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, 1900441.

SOURCE: 1 HOSPITAL AND SELECTED MORBIDITY DATA 1978, PUBLISHED BY NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. 2 UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 5.12B : NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD RESIDENTS, ALCOHOL-RELATED DISCHARGES AND DEATHS FROM HOSPITAL (PUBLIC, PRIVATE AND PSYCHIATRIC COMBINED), NUMBER AND RATE PER 100,000 MEAN ADULT POPULATION w, YEAR 1979

DISEASE MALE c D FEMALE TOTAL CODE NO RATE NO RATE NO RATE

Alcoholic psychosis N291 5 8.0 2 3.2 7 11.2 Alcoholism N303 80 128.2 27 43.3 107 171.5 Cirrhosis of liver N571 11 17.6 21 33.7 32 51.3 TOTAL 96 153.8 50 80.1 146 234.0

(1) Based on the adult population 20 years and over from 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings for Northland S.A., 62405.

SOURCE: UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH.

TABLE 5.13B : NEWZEALAND; ALCOHOL-RELATED DISCHARGES AND DEATHS FROM HOSPITAL (PUBLIC, PRIVATE AND PSYCHIATRIC COMBINED), NUMBER ANDRATE PER 100,000 MEAN ADULT POPULATION (1), YEAR 1979

DISEASE MALE FEMALE I C D TOTAL CODE NO RATE NO RATE NO RATE

Alcoholic psychosis i N291 182 9.6 74 3.9 256 13.5 Alcoholism N303 3655 192.3 955 50.3 4610 242.6 Cirrhosis of liver N571 251 13.2 222 11.7 473 24.9 TOTAL 4088 215.1 1251 65.8 5339 280.9

(1) Based on the adult population 20 years and over from the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, 1900441.

SOURCE: 1 HOSPITAL AND SELECTED MORBIDITY DATA 1979, PUBLISHED BY NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. 2 UNPUBLISHED DATA, NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. TABLE 5.14 : NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, NORTHLAND STATISTICAL. AREA, NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA MAORI POPULATION, AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES, CIGARETTE SMOKING PRACTICE EXPRESSED AS A PERCENTAGE, BY AGE AND SEX, SUBJECT POPULATION 15 YEARS AND OVER, YEAR 1976

NEVER (1)l DONT SMOKE NOT AGE GROUP SEX SMOKED SMOKE NOW2 REGULARLY (3) SPEC. TOTAL

NEW ZEALAND TOTAL POPULATION

15 - 24 M 54.7 7.6 34.1 3.7 100 F 56.0 77 33.4 2.9 100

25 - 44 M 37.2 18.0 42.2 2.5 100 F 49.7 12.1 35.8 2.4 100

45 - 64 M 25.1 30.9 41.1 2.9 100 F 52.5 13.4 30.9 3.2 100

65-74 M 25.3 39.1 31.9 3.8 100 F 65.1 13.0 16.9 5.0 100

75+ M 31.5 39.3 22.5 6.7 100 F 75.6 8.3 7.4 8.7 100

TOTAL M 37.5 21.0 38.3 3.2 100 F 54.8 11.2 30.7 3.3 100 NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA TOTAL P0PULAT:

15 - 24 M 53.3 7.8 35.2 3.7 100 F 53.9 8.5 34.2 3.4 100

25 - 44 M 38.3 18.2 41.5 2.0 100 F 48.6 12.5 36.4 2.5 100

45 - 64 M 26.9 29.6 40.7 2.7 100• F 51.0 13.7 31.6 3.7 100

65 - 74 M 27.5 36.2 33.0 3.3 100 F 63.3 13.7 18.1 4.9 100

75+ M 33.2 39.3 22.3 5.2 100 F 74.1 9.6 7.9 8.4 100

TOTAL M 37.4 21.4 38.4 2.8 100 F 52.9 11.9 31.7 3.5 100 TABLE 5.14 : CONTINUED

NEVER 1 DONT 2 SMOKE (3) NOT AGE GROUP SEX I SMOKED SMOKE NOW REGULARLY SPEC. TOTAL

NORTHLAND STATISTIC L AREA MACRI POPULATION

15 - 24 M 38.3 8.0 47.3 6.4 100 F 34.3 8.7 51.2 5.7 100

25 - 44 M 27.2 13.0 56.8 3.0 100 F 24.4 11.6 60.8 3.2 100

45 - 64 M 30.7 17.6 48.3 3.4 100 F 35.7 14.0 44.4 5.9 100

65 - 74 M 33.9 20.4 41.4 4.3 100 F 48.9 15.5 30.7 4.9 100

75+ M 5.0 24.8 33.3 6.8 100 F 59.0 14.3 20.0 6.7 100

TOTAL M 32.1 13.2 50.3 4.4 100 F 32.1 11.5 51.5 4.8 100

MANGONUI COUNTY TOTAL POPULATION

4.7 100 15-24 M 53.4 5.4 36.5 F 48.4 7.4 39.2 5.0 100

25 - 44 M 39.7 16.3 42.2 1.7 100 F 44.0 13.6 39.7 2.7 100

2.7 100 45-64 M 29.4 25.5 42.4 F 48.6 15.1 32.7 3.6 100

3.7 100 65-74 M 21.8 30. 43.9 F 63.6 8.9 22.4 5.1 100

3.2 100 75+ M 32.3 37 6 26.9 F 67.1 10.1 13.9 8.9 100

3.0 100 TOTAL M 37.5 18.9 40.6 F 48.9 12.1 35.1 3.9 100 TABLE 5114 : CONTINUED

NEVER DONT SMOKE NOT AGE GROUP SEX SMOKED SMOKE NOW REGULARLY SPEC. TOTAL

KAITAIA BO: ROUGH TOTA L POPULATI

15 - 24 M 54.2 10.1 33.7 2.1 100 F 50.6 13.0 34.0 2.5 100

25 - 44 M 371 19.6 42.3 1.0 100 F 49.3 14.9 34.9 0.9 100

45 - 64 M 28.7 25.2 44.2 1.9 100 F 49.2 12.5 34.0 4.3 100

65 - 74 M 32.2 30.6 35.5 1.7 100 F 67.4 12.1 17.7 2.8 100

75+ M 39.3 34.4 21.3 4.9 100 F 73.7 11.8 13.2 1.3 100

TOTAL M 38.1 20.8 39.5 1.7 100 F 52.5 13.4 31.7 2.3 100

WHANGAROA COUNTY TOTAL POPULATION

15 - 24 M 58.8 4.6 32.8 3.8 100 F 52.3 10.2 36.7 0.8 100

25-44 M 38.2 16.3 45.1 0.4 100 F 49.1 9.7 40.3 0.9 100

45 - 64 M 28.8 28.3 42.9 100 F 52.6 10.9 35.5 0.9 100

65 - 74 M 28.4 36.5 33.8 1.4 100 F 67.9 13.2 15.1 3.8 100

75+ M 22.2 51.9 22.2 3.7 100

F 78.6 10.7 7.1 3.6 100

TOTAL M 37.6 21.3 39.9 1.2 100 F 53.8 10.5 34.4 1.3 100

TABLE 5,14 : CONTINUED

NEVER (1 DONT SMOKE NOT AGE GROUP ,^ SEX SMOKED SMOKE NOW 2 REGULARLY SPEC. TOTAL

HOKIANGA C( )UNTY TOW L POPULATIC IN 15 - 24 M 48.8 6.1 40.9 4.2 100 F 46.6 12.6 36.8 4.0 100

25-44 M 35.6 17.7 44.9 1.9 100 F 42.6 11.4 43.9 2.1 100

45 - 64 M 24.3 22.5 50.7 2.5 100 47.0 9.0 40.0 4.0 ico

65 - 74 M 34.4 25.4 36.1 4.1 lOo F 48.0 21.6 27.5 2.9 100

75+ 35.4 22.9 35.4 6.3 100 62.2 16.2 16.2 5.4 100

TOTAL M 35.1 17.3 44.7 • 3.0 100 F 45.8 11.8 39.1 • 3.2 100

BAY OF ISLANDS COUNTY TOTAL POPULATION

15 - 24 M 52.5 7.3 35.4 4.8 100 F 51.8 7.9 36.2 4.1 100

25 - 44 M 36.9 17.8 43.6 1.7 100 F 44.4 13.1 40.2 2.4 100

45 - 64 M 28.4 30.8 38.1 2.7 100 F 48.9 14.8 32.2 4.1 100

65 - 74 M 29.6 37.1 30.0 3.3 loo F 61.1 15.3 18.5 5.1 100

75+ M 36.4 39.8 19.9 4.0 100 F 73.0 10.7 10.2 6.0 100

38.1 TOTAL M 37.2 21.8 2.9 100 F 49.9 12.5 33.9 3.7 100

TABLE 5114 CONTINUED

NEVER (1) DONT SMOKE NOT AGE GROUP SEX SMOKED SMOKE NOW2 REGULARLY (3) SPEC. TOTAL

KAIKOHE BO: ROUGH TOl AL POPULATL

15 - 24 M 46.3 7.7 41.3 4.7 100 F 51.5 9.5 35.0 4.0 100 25 - 44 M 37.3 17.6 41.2 3.9 100 F 45.0 10.0 41.8 3.2 100

45 - 64 •M 25.9 27.9 43.5 2.7 100 F 53.9 13.5 29.6 3.0 100 65 - 74 M 24.7 40.7 34.6 100 F 57.7 21.2 19.2 1.9 100 75+ M 28.2 28.2 41.0 2.6 100 72.2 5.6 16.7 5.6 100 TOTAL M 35.5 19.7 41.4 3.5 100 F 51.0 11.7 34.0 3.3 100

WHANGAREI COUNTY TOTAL POPULATION

15 - 24 M 58.7 6.7 31.6 3.1 100 F 57.8 6.0 32.1 4.2 100

25-44 M 41.5 18.2 37.9 2.4 100 F 52.5 12.7 32.2 2.6 100

45-64 M 28.3 31.2 36.9 3.5 100 F 53.8 14.1 27.8 4.3 100

65 - 74 M 29.6 31.7 34.6 4.1 100 61.0 12.3 18.0 8.8 100

75+ M 35.7 33.1 21.4 9.7 100 F 75.7 5.4 8.8 10.1 100

TOTAL M 40.3 21.0 35.4 3.2 100 55.4 11.4 29.1 4.2 100

TABLE 5,114 : CONTINUED

NEVER (1) DONT 2 SMOKE NOT AGE GROUP SEX SMOKED SMOKE NOW REGULARLY SPEC. TOTAL

WHANGAREI C ITY TOTAL POPULATION 15 - 24 M 51.2 9.2 36.0 3.6 100 F 53.9 9.2 34.0 3.0 100

25-44 M 35.9 19.8 42.5 1.8 100 F 47.5 12.9 37.1 2.4 100

45 - 64. M 24.4 30.8 42.3 2.5 100 F 50.1 14.3 32.2 3.4 100

65 - 74 M 26.1 41.8 28.4 3.6 100 F 64.1 14.9 16.7 4.2 100

75+ M 29.7 46.3 19.7 4.3 100 F 73.2 11.1 5.7 10.0 100

TOTAL M 35.4 .23.0 38.8 2.7 100 F 52.8 12.4 31.3 3.5 100

HIKURANGI T.D. TOTAL POPULATION

10.1 100 15 - 24 M 55.1 6.7 28.1 F 44.0 7.1 46.4 2.4 100

100 25 - 44 M 25.0 18.1 51.3 5.6 F 40.5 11.5 41.9 6.1 100

5.7 100 45-64 M 19.5 27.6 47.1 F 41.4 5.7 41.4 11.5 100

6.5 100 65-74 M 25.8 25.8 41.9 F 63.2 7.9 21.1 7.9 100

100 75+ M 47.4 36.8 5.3 10.5 F 80.0 10.0 10.0 100

7.0 100 TOTAL M 31.9 19.2 42.0 F 45.0 8.7 39.5 6.8 100 TABLE 5.14 : CONTINUED

NEVER (1 DONT SMOKE NOT AGE GROUP SEX SMOKED SMOKE NOW 2 REGULARLY SPEC. TOTAL

HOBSON COL NTY TOTAL POPULATION

15 - 24 M 58.3 6.3 32.8 2.6 100 F 60.1 9.9 27.7 2.3 100

25 - 44 M 45.3 16.0 36.7 2.0 100 F 53.8 11.9 31.6 2.7 100

45 - 64 M 28.4 31.0 37.5 3.1 100 F 56.5 14.1 26.7 2.7 100

65 - 74 M 25.2 35.9 37.4 1.5 100 H F 66.7 6.9 23.5 2.9 100

75+ M 35.8 41.5 20.8 1.9 100 F 84.4 8.9 4.4 2.2 100

TOTAL M 41.5 20.4 35.6 2.4 100 F 57.6 11.7 28.1 2.6 100

DARGAVILLE BOROUGH TOTAL POPULATION

15 - 24 M 48.8 10.7 37.1 3.4 100 F 56.2 6.6 35.3 1.9 100

25 - 44 M 41.1 16.6 40.8 1.5 100 F 54.2 8.5 34.3 3.0 100

45-64 M 27.4 30.2 40.9 1.4 100 F 568 9.2 30.9 3.2 100

65-74 M 23.8 41.1 31.8 3.3 100 F 68.9 11.4 13.8 6.0 100

75+ M 32.9 38.2 25.0 3.9 100 F 82.1 3.3 7.3 7.3 100

TOTAL M 36.5 23.0 38.4 2.2 100 F 60.0 8.1 29.5 3.4 100

TABLE 5.1 14 : CONTINUED

NEVER (1 DONT 2 SMOKE NOT AGE GROUP SEX SMOKED SMOKE NOW REGULARLY SPEC. TOTAL

OTAMATEA COUNTY TOTAL POPULATION

58.2 7.5 32.7 15-24 M 1.6 100 F 62.0 6.9 26.9 4.3 100

43.6 16.8 37.6 25-44 M 1.9 100 F 58.1 11.1 28.1 2.7 100

38.4 45 . - 64 M 28.4 29.5 3.6 100 F 52.3 13.0 31.3 3.4 100

36.6 65-74 M 29.7 32.2 1.5 100 F 68.3 11.0 16.5 4.3 100

27.8 23.6 75+ M 37.5 11.1 100 F 76.9 5.1 .6.4 :11.5 lo0

TOTAL M 41.6 19.7 36.1 2.6 100 F 58.9 10.5 26.8 3.7 100

(1) Never smoked cigarettes regularly or never smoked them at all.

(2) Do not smoke now, but used to smoke regularly (one or more cigarettes per day).

(3) Now smoke regularly (one or more cigarettes per day).

SOURCE: NEW ZEALAND

1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN NO. 24 - CIGARETTE SMOKING.

NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES

UNPUBLISHED DATA, 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, POPULATION SECTION, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS.

TABLE 515 : NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA, NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA MAORI POPULATION, AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES, NUMBER OF CIGARETTES SMOKED BY REGULAR SMOKERS EXPRESSED AS A PERCENTAGE, BY AGE AND SEX, SUBJECT POPULATION 15 YEARS AND OVER, YEAR 1976

NUMBER OF CIGARETTES SMOKED AGE GROUP SEX UNDER 10 10-19 J 20-39 I 40+ I NOT SPEC. I TOTAL

NEW ZEALAND TOTAL pi )PULATION

15-24 M 21.8 33.8 32.7 4.7 7.0 100 F 29.1 36.5 26.4 2.4 5.6 100

25-44 M 12.2 28.1 45.7 7.5 6.5 100 F 20.7 36.7 34.0 3.0 5.5 100

45-64 M 11.8 27.8 43.0 8.6 8.8 100 F 21.9 38.6 28.8 2.6 8.1 100

65-74 M 21.4 36.4 28.6 3.5 10.1 100 F 33.6 37.7 17.0 1.5 10.2 100

75+ M 34.0 34.2 18.0 2.2 11.6 100 F 46.7 28.4 11.6 1.2 12.1 100

TOTAL M 15.3 30.0 40.3 6.8 7.6 100 F 24.3 37.1 29.4 2.6 6.6 100

NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA TOTAL POPULATION 15-24 M 22.9 35.6 29.4 4.6 7.4 100 F 33.3 36.7 20.9 1.6 7.4 100

25-44 M 13.6 29.5 42.2 7.2 7.4 100 F 22.8 37.1 30.9 2.6 6.5 100

45-64 M 13.6 29.5 39.1 7.8 10.1 100 F 24.6 36.4 28.2 2.8 8.0 100

65-74 M 19.8 36.6 30.1 3.8 9.7 100 F 34.2 34.0 18.1 0.9 12.8 100

75+ M 28.6 38.0 19.6 1.8 12.0 100 F 47.7 19.2 16.9 1.5 14.6 100

TOTAL M 16.4 31.5 37.2 6.5 8.5 100 F 26.8 36.5 26.9 2.3 7.6 100

TABLE 5.15 : CONTINUED

NUMBER CIGARE FTES SMOKED AGE GROUP SEX UNDER 10 10-19 ) 20-39 40+ NOT SPEC. TOTAL

NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA MAORI POPULATION

15-24 M 24.6 36.5 26.3 3.0 9.5 100 F 34.7 32.7 19.0 2.4 11.2 100

25-44 M 18.5 33.2 28.5 6.7 13.0 100 F 26.8 35.0 24.8 3.1 10.4 100

45-64 M 17.4 34.7 26.8 6.7 14.4 100 F 32.1 31.4 21.0 2.9 12.5 100

65-74 M 26.4 34.0 27.8 2.1 9.7 100 F 36.8 28.4 12.6 3.2 18.9 100

75+ M 28.2 23.1 30.8 2.6 15.4 100 F 38.1 23.8 19.0 - 19.0 100

TOTAL M 20.6 34.5 27.5 5.3 12.1 100 F 30.8 33.3 21.7 2.8 11.4 100

MANGONUI CC IJNTY TOT2 L POPULATION

7.4 100 15-24 M 21.7 36.4 29.5 5.1 F 33.0 32.1 22.2 2.8 9.9 100

8.2 8.2 100 25-44 M 15.1 27.7 40.7 F 25.1 35.6 32.4 2.9 4.1 100

9.5 100 45-64 M 10.1 36.3 36.6 7.5 F 26.5 34.2 27.8 3.8 7.7 100

2.5 10.1 100 65-74 M 16.0 37.8 33.6 F 33.3 29.2 25.0 2.1 10.4 100

100 75+ M 8.0 48.0 20.0 8.0 16.0 F 54.5 18.2 27.3 100

6.7 8.9 100 TOTAL M 14.7 33.9 35.8 F 28.3 33.5 27.9 3.1 7.2 100

TABLE 515 : CONTINUED

NUMBER CIGARETTES SMOKED AGE GROUP SEX UNDER 10 10-19 I 20-39 I 40+ I NOT SPEC. TOTAL

KAITAIA BO ROUGH TOT] L POPULATI

15-24 M 32.0 33.0 25.8 2.1 7.2 100 F 39.0 33.3 24.4 0.8 2.4 100

25-44 M 15.5 29.5 46.4 5.0 3.6 100 F 25.1 38.5 31.0 2.7 2.7 100

45-64 M 14.5 26.1 49.1 6.7 3.6 100 F 21.9 38.3 35.2 1.6 3.1 100

65-74 M 23.3 48.8 25.6 2.3 100 F 36.0 40.0 16.0 8.0 100

100 75+ M 23.1 38.5 30.8 7.7 F 60.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 100

TOTAL M 19.0 30.9 41.4 4.6 4.1 100 F 29.2 36.8 29.2 1.9 3.0 100

WHANGAROA COUNTY TOTAL POPULATION

4.7 100 15-24 M 18.6 46.5 30.2 F 44.7 36.2 19.1 100

15.2 4.8 109 25-44 N 18.1 26.7 35.2 F 23.0 31.0 41.4 3.4 1.1 100

6.8 2.3 100 45-64 M 18.2 42.0 30.7 F 24.0 44.0 22.7 4.0 5.3 100

8.0 100 65-74 M 36.0 36.0 20.0 F 12.5 50.0 25.0 12.5 100

75+ M 16.7 50.0 33.3 100 F 100 100

9.0 3.4 100 TOTAL M 19.9 36.3 31.5 F 28.3 37.0 29.2 2.7 2.7 100

TABLE 515 : CONTINUED

NUMBER CIGARETTES SMOKED

AGE GROUP,I SEX I UNDER 10 10-19 I 20-39 I 40+ I NOT SPEC. TOTAL

HOKIANGA CC )UNTY TOT) L POPULATI

15-24 M 20.0 35.6 37.8 2.2 4.4 100 F 44.0 28.6 16.5 3.3 7.7 100

25-44 M 17.0 34.9 32.1 5.0 11.0 100 F 27.0 39.3 21.8 1.9 10.0 100

45-64 M 17.2 29.4 31.7 6.8 14.9 100 F 26.9 36.3 26.3 1.3 9.4 100

65-74 M 20.5 38.6 31.8 6.8 2.3 100 F 25.0 32.1 25.0 3.6 14.3 100

75+ M 11.8 41.2 29.4 17.6 100 F 33.3 33.3 16.7 16.7 100

TOTAL M 17.8 33.5 33.1 5.0 10.6 100 F .30.0 35.9 22.4 2.0 9.7 100

BAY OF ISLANDS COUNTY TOTAL POPULATION

15-24 M 23.8 37.4 28.7 4.2 5.3 100 F 33.3 39.1 16.1 2.6 8.8 100

25-44 M 14.8 28.9 41.0 8.5 6.8 100 F 23.5 38.6 27.1 2.9 8.0 100

45-64 M 15.0 28.4 39.0 10.7 6.9 100 F 29.5 35.8 26.1 2.7 5.9 100

65-74 M 17.6 35.9 34.6 3.9 7.8 100 F 36.3 33.8 18.8 1.3 10.0 100

75+ M 42.9 20.0 17.1 - 20.0 100 F 50.0 22.7 27.3 100

TOTAL M 17.5 30.9 37.0 7.8 6.8 100 F 28.5 37.5 23.8 2.? 7.6 100

TABLE 5.15 : CONTINUED

NUMBER CIGARETTES SMOKED AGE GROUP SEX UNDER 10 10-19 I 20-39 I 40+ I NOT SPEC. TOTAL

KAIKOHE BCROUGH TOTE L POPULAT]

15-24 M 29.8 36.3 21.0 2.4 10.5 100 F 37.5 33.3 13.5 1.0 14.6 100

25-44 M 11.3 33.3 36.9 7.1 11.3 100 F 22.2 35.7 30.4 4.7 7.0 100

45-64 M 17.2 25.8 34.4 7.0 15.6 100 F 15.9 31.8 34.1 3.4 14.8 100

65-74 M 14.3 32.1 32.1 3.6 17.9 100 F 55.0 30.0 5.0 10.0 100

75+ M 18.8 25.0 25.0 31.3 100 F 66.7 16.7 16.7 100

TOTAL M 18.3 31.7 31.3 5.4 13.4 100 F 27.0 33.3 25.2 3.4 11.0 100

WHANGAREI COUNTY TOTAL POPULATION

15-24 M 22.3 36.8 28.4 3.7 8.8 100 F 31.5 40.8 21.7 1.1 4.8 100

100 25-44 M 13.5 29.4 43.4 5.8 7.8 F 23.7 36.3 29.8 3.0 7.2 100

45-64 M 13.3 27.8 39.6 6.6 12.7 100 F 23.1 37.7 27.4 3.1 8.7 100

13.8 100 65-74 M 17.5 28.8 35.6 4.4 F 30.6 30.6 22.2 1.4 15.3 100

12.1 6.1 6.1 100 75+ M 33.3 42.4 F 23.1 15.4 38.5 23.1 100

100 TOTAL M 15.9 30.6 38.0 5.5 10.0 F 25.7 37.3 26.9 2.5 7.6 100

TABLE 515 : CONTINUED

NUN3ER CIGARETTES SMO KED AGE GROUP SEX UNDER 10 10-19 20-39 40+ NOT SPEC. TOTAL

WHANGAREI CITY TOTAL POPULATION

15-24 M 20.7 34.5 31.2 5.1 8.5 100 F 31.5 36.7 23.2 1.4 7.0 100 -

25-44 M 12.0 29.3 44.8 7.1 6.8 100 F 21.2 35.4 34.5 . - 2.8 6.1 100

45-64 M 13.3 27.4 40.6 7.7 11.1 100 F 23.2 34.0 30.8 3.3 8.7 100

65-74 M 19.6 38.5 28.0 .4.7 9.1 100 F 35.9 35.3 16.8 0.5 11.4 100

75+ M 37.3 41.0 14.5 - 7.2 100 F .43.2 20.5 13.6 - 22.7 ião

TOTAL M 15.3 30.7 38.8 6.5, 8.7 .100 F 25.5 35.2 292 2.4 7.5 100

HIKtJRANGI T.D. TOTAL POPULATION

15-24 M 24.0 36.0 32.0 8.0 100 F 41.0 25.6 20.5 - 12.8 100

25-44 M 12.2 26.8 47.6 3.7 9.8 100 F 12.9 35.5 37.1 1.6 12.9 100

45-64 M 4.9 29.3 43.9 4.9 17.1 100 F 22.2 38.9 22.2 - 16.7 100

65-74 M 46.2 15.4 15.4 15.4 7.7 100 F 37.5 50.0 12.5 100

75+ M - 100.0 100 F

TOTAL M 14.8 28.4 41.4 . 5.6 9.9 100 F 24.1 34.5 26.9 0.7 13.8 100•

TABLE 5.15 : CONTINUED

NUMBER CIGARETTES SMOKED

AGE GROUP I SEX I UNDER 10 10-19 I 20-39 I 40+ I NOT SPEC. TOTAL

HOB SON COtT TY TOTAL POPULATION

21.4 7.1 15-24 M 22.9 43.6 5.0 100 F 36.8 33.7 16.8 1.1 11.6 100

25-44 M 14.8 32.9 38.7 9.1 4.5 100 F 26.4 38.0 29.3 1.4 4.8 100

M 12.1 37.7 36.7 9.2 45-64 4.3 100 F. 25.2 44.5 22.7 3.4 4.2 100

28.6 38.8 20.4 2.0 65-74 M 10.2 100 F 29.2 37.5 16.7 16.7 100

75+ M 27.3 45.5 9.1 18.2 100 F 100.0 100

16.9 37.4 32.5 8.0 TOTAL M 5.2 100 F 28.8 38.6 24.1 1.8 6.7 100

DARGAVILLE BOROUGH TOTAL POPULATION

29.6 5.6 6.5 15-24 M 22.2 36.1 100 F 27.6 42.1 22.1 1.4 6.9 100

25-44 M 15.4 31.8 40.7 6.1 6.1 100 F : 22.4 44.8 24.7 1.1 6.9 100

45-64 M 14.8 34.7 38.1 5.7 6.8 100 F 27.0 40.9 23.4 1.5 7.3 100

2.1 65-74 M 22.9 29.2 39.6 6.3 100 F 30.4 17.4 17.4 34.8 100

5.3 100 75+ M 26.3 26.3 42.1 F 55.6 22.2 11.1 11.1 100

TOTAL M 17.5 33.1 37.7 5.5 6.2 100 F 26.2 41.2 23.0 1.2 8.4 100 TABLE 515 : CONTINUED

NUMBER CIGARETTES SMOKED

AGE GROUP I SEX I UNDER 10 10-19 I 20-39 I 40+ I NOT SPEC. TOTAL

OTAMATEA COUNTY TOTAL POPULATION

28.4 29.6 4.9 5.6 100 15-24 M 31.5 F 35.6 34.7 23.8 5.9 100

43.1 6.4 7.3 100 25-44 M 12.8 30.4 F 19.5 42.3 29.8 0.9 7.4 100

29.2 39.2 5.7 13.2 100 45-64 M 12.7 F 22.0 42.1 25.6 10.4 100

18.9 1.4 14.9 100 65-74 M 17.6 47.3 F 33.3 44.4 11.1 11.1 100

47.1 17.6 17.6 100 75+ M 17.6 F 40.0 60.0 100

36.4 5.3 9.5 100 TOTAL M 17.2 31.6 F 24.4 41.0 26.0 0.4 8.2 100

SOURCE: NEW ZEALAND

1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, BULLETIN NO 24- - CIGARETTE SMOKING.

NORTHLAND STATISTICAL AREA AND LOCAL AUTHORITIES

UNPUBLISHED DATA, 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS, POPULATION SECTION, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS. For further information on Cigarette Smoking from the 1976 Census; National Data: - Refer to: 1) Bulletin No. 24. Cigarette Smoking - for published :data. This includes cigarette smoking habits by a number of social variables. 2) Miscellaneous Series No. 9, The Range and Availability of National Statistics - lists published and unpublished data. Regional data: Refer to: Miscellaneous Series No. 8. The Range and Availability of Regional Statistics - lists unpublished data. The statistics presented in Tables 5.14 and 5.15 are also available by ethnic group; NZ Maori, Cook Island Maori, Tokelauan, Niuean, Samoan, Tongan, Other Pacific Island Polynesian and Total Pacific Island Polynesian, for each local authority and subdivision thereof. An areal breakdown in greater detail to that presented is also available for urban areas.

Requests for unpublished data should be directed to: Executive Officer, Population Section, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Christchurch.

TABLE 5,16 WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT, COMMUNITIES WITH PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY, THE GRADING OF THAT WATER SUPPLY AND SOURCE, YEARS 1975 AND 1980

PART (A) WATER SUPPLIES UNDER THE CONTROL OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES

COMMUNITY PERMANENT LOCAL AUTHORITY GRADING SOURCE DESCRIPTION POP. 1975 1980 SUPPLIED 1980

Baylys 300 Hobson County A- Pb Dargaville B Water Supply Dargaville 4,700 Dargaville Borough P.b Pb Kathu River Glinks Gully 100 Hobson County Bc Cc Springs (2) Hikurangi 1,400 Hikurangi Town D Cc Pb Upland Surface Catchment Kaikohe - Kaikohe Borough -- A Squires Springs Kaikohe - Kaikohe Borough Ac A Monument Mill Bore Kaikohe 3,600 Kaikohe Borough Ac Pb Omapere Lake Kaitaia 4,243 Kaitaia Borough Db Pb Kauri Creek Kawakawa 1,624 Bay of Islands Co Pb Ac Tirohonga River Kerikeri 1,207 Bay of Islands Co Cb Bb Puketotara Stream Langs Beach Waipu Cove 600 Whangarei County Ba Bb Waipu Cove Mangawhai 16 Otamatea County -- Db Mangawhai Beads Maungaturoto 825 Otamatea County Pb Pb Unnamed Stream McLeods Bay Kaurikura 970 Whangarei County Bb Pb Unnamed Stream McLeods Moerewa 1,350 Bay of Islands Co Pb Pb Kawakawa Water Supply Ngawha 127 Bay of Islands Co - Pb Mangamutu Stream Okaihau 553 Bay of Islands Co Dd Ce Shallow Well Opononi/Omapere 400 Hokianga County Db Co Waiarohia Stream Paihia 2,700 Bay of Islands Co -- Bb Waitangi River puwera 170 Whangarei County -- Ab Maunu Springs Rawene 600 Hokianga County Cb Pb Pioitahi Stream Ruakaka 2,900 Whangarei County Aa Pb Ruakaka River Ruawai 500 Otamatea County Pb Pb Deep Wells (3) Springs Flat 360 Whangarei County Ba Pb Wakoropupu Tamatersu 310 Whangarei County Bb Pb Taihu Stream Waipu Township 660 Whangarei County Ba Bb Waionepu Stream Whangarei - Whangarei City Aa S Kaxao Spring Wnangarei - Whangarei City -- A Poroti Springs Whangarei - Whangarei City Pb A Maunu Whangarei 35,000 Whangarei City Pb Aa Whau Valley Darn

PART (B) WATER SUPPLIES UNDER THE CONTROL OF CENTRAL GOVERNMENT

COMMUNITY PERMANENT GOVT DEPT GRADING SOURCE POP DESCRIPTION SUPPLIED 1975 1980

Maungatapere 35 Energy -- Co Spring Paznapuria 13 Energy Pb BC Roof water tank supply Aupouri - Forest Service Bd C Unnamed lake Aupouri 50 Forest Service Rd AC Bore Glerthervie - Forest Service Ad A Bore Glenbervie 35 Forest Service Bd Cb Spring Omahuta 20 Forest Service -- DC Karakarere Stream Waipoua I 30 Forest Service Bd Cc Stream Waitangi Hotel 306 Tourist Motel Corp - Bb Waitangi Springs

Whangarei Health District, Total population on public water supplies 65,704 New Zealand, Total population on public water supplies = 2,750,264 GRADING OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES

Grading is based on a system of merit and demerit marks for the main features of the supply and distribution systems.

The supply grading assesses health risks associated with th water at source and the degree to which these risks are reduced by water treatment processes and other relevant factors.

For the distribution system demerit marks are given for a number of factors which affect the quality of the water in the distribution system and are consequently a risk to health.

The method of marking allocates merit or demerit marks on an absolute basis and, for example, does not account for the efficiency of operation of unit processes in a treatment plant which would require a detailed engineering investigation which is not practicable in a survey of this type. Also the marks do not make allowance for the size of community served by a system, which tends to demerit small water supplies where sophisticated equipment cannot always be justified.

In each case, marks are divided into categories of acceptability as follows:

MARKS SUPPLY GRADING DISTRIBUTION DESCRIPTION

2 or less A a Completely satisfactory 3 to 6 B b Satisfactory 7 to 10 C C Marginal - may have to be accepted in some small communities 11 to 15 D d Not satisfactory - high degree of risk 16 and over E e Completely unsatisfactory

SOURCE: (1) 1980 GRADING OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN NEW ZEALAND, BOARD OF HEALTH REPORT SERIES NO. 27, A REPORT PREPARED FOR THE BOARD OF HEALTH BY THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, PUBLISHED 1980.

(2) UNPUBLISHED DATA FROM THE 1980 SURVEY OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES, DIVISION OF PUBLIC HEALTH, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, P0 BOX 5013, WELLINGTON.

Note: For further information, direct enquiries to: Medical Officer of Health, Whangarei District Health Office, P0 Box 137, Whangarei. TABLE 5.17 : WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT, COMMUNITIES NOT ON PUBLIC WATER SUPPLY, YEAR 1980

COMMUNITY CONTROLLING AUTHORITY POPULATION

Opua Bay of Islands Co. 280 Russell Bay of Islands Co. 820 Te Kopuru Hobson County 470 Awanui Mangonui County 250 Kaiwaka Otamatea County 340 Kaeo Whangaroa County 204

TOTAL . 2,364

NEW ZEALAND

Total population not on Public Water Supplies 155,795 Total number of communities 383 That population not likely to be served by a public water supply due to the scattered nature of the communities 87,767 Number of these communities 244

(1) Townships and localities with more than 200 inhabitants have been included.

SOURCE: 1980 GRADING OF PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES IN NEW ZEALAND, BOARD OF HEALTH REPORT SERIES NO. 27, A REPORT PREPARED FOR THE BOARD OF HEALTH BY THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, PUBLISHED 1980.

REFERENCE; NORTHLAND, FLUORIDATED WATER SUPPLIES. For information on the above, please refer to Section 4, Health Status, Table 4.47 Whangarei Health District, Communities with Fluoridated Public Water Supplies, Year 1980 and Table 4.48 Whangarei Health District and New Zealand Total, Number and Percentage of Population on public water supply receiving fluoridated water, Year 1980.

TABLE 5.18 REI HEALTH DISTRICT, SURVEY OF SEWERAGE SYSTEMS, COMMUNITIES WITH A lION 500 AND OVER (1976 CENSUS), YEAR 1978

LOCAL AUTHORITIES AND POP OCCUPIED DWELLINGS CONNECTED DWELLINGS WHICH COULD BE COMMUNITIES THEREIN 1976 DWELLING TO SEWERAGE SYSTEM CONNECTED WITH EXISTING CENSUS 1976 CENSUS FACILITIES WHICH ARE NOT AT PRESENT NO NO I % NOI

Bay of Islands Co. Kawakawa Comm. 1,624 375 375 100 0 0 Kerikerj Comm. 996 369 5 1 0 0 Moerewa Comm. 1,351 324 0 0 0 0 Paihia Comm. 1,495 780 20 3 0 0 Russell Comm. 821 372 38 8 63 22 Dargaville 8 4,559 1,350 1,290 95 20 1 Kaikohe B 3,567 1,019 932 91 20 2 Kaitala B 4,243 1,200 1,120 93 70 6 Mangonui Co.

Ahipara T 803 230 0 0 0 0 Otamatea Co.

Maungaturoto Comm. 771 215 0 0 0 0 Ruawhai Comm. 508 152 0 0 o 0 Whangarei City 34,981 10,000 8,800 88 12 0 Whangarei Co.

Hikurangi T.D. 1,174 450 450 100 0 0 Maungatapere T. 544 140 0 0 0 0 Portland T. 609 118 108 91 0 0 Ruakaka T. 684 79 79 100 0 0 Waipu T. 579 180 0 0 0 0 TOTAL 59,309 17,353 13,217 76.2 185 1.4

.1. SOURCE UNPUBLISHED, SURVEY, PUBLIC HEALTH DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, WELLINGTON.

Note: 1 Changes since time of survey

As at 23 March 1982, Paihia, Maungaturoto and Waipu are now fully sewered. Kaiwaka, a community less than 500 in population, is also fully sewered.

2 Department: of Health priorities resulting from the 1978 Survey

Mangonui to Taipu (combined pop. over 500) - high priority Ruawhai - high priority

Kerikerj - entering medium priority Moerewa - entering medium priority Ruakaka-Masden Point - entering medium priority Mangawhai Heads - entering medium priority TABLE 5.19 WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT, THE GRADING OF REFUSE DISPOSAL SITES UNDER CONTROL OF LOCAL AUTHORITIES, YEAR 1977

CONTROLLING AUTHORITY SITE NAME GRADING Bay of Islands County Council Okaihau C Bay of Islands County Council Moerewa D Bay of Islands County Council Whangae E Bay of Islands County Council Russell I) Dargaville Borough Council Awakino Rd C Hikurangi Town Council Hikurangi C Hobson County Council Chadwicks Rd 0 Hobson County Council Glinks Gully o Hobson County Council Roanga Rd C Hobson County Council Mosquito Gully o Hobson County Council Qntainarj D Hobson County Council Tangiteroria C Hobson County Council Clean St, Te Kopuru 0 Hobson County Council Te Maire E Hokianga County Council iforeke B Rokianga County Council Kohukohu B Rokianga County Council Mangasiuka C Hokianga County Council Pakanae D Hokianga County Council Rawene D Kai.kohe Borough Council Kaikohe S Kaitaia Borough Council Kaitaia A Mangonui County Council Ahipara C Mangonui County Council Awanui C Mangonui County Council Rerekino D Mangonui County Council Pukenui C Mangonui County Council Taipa (Paranui) C Otamatea County Council Kaiwaka C Otamatea County Council Mangawhai Heads C Otaxnatea County Council Mangawhai Old C Otanatea County Council Maungaturoto C Otainatea County Council Pahl Rd, Paparoa C Otamatea County Council Te Kowhai, Ruawai C Otamatea County Council Tincpaj C Whangarei City Corp. Pope Island c Whangarei County Council Maungakaramea C Whangarei County Council Ruatangata C Whangarei County Council Uretiti B Whangarei County Council Waiotira C Whangaroa County Council Totara North E Whangaroa County Council Whangaroa 0

Grading The information contained in the above table is from the 1977 survey of refuse disposal sites in New Zealand. All refuse disposal sites have been compared on the same basis, regardless of size. Each landfill characteristic was assigned a number of demerit marks varying from 0, for the highest standard, to between 4 and 12, for the lowest standard considered appropriate for that characteristic. The demerit marks when taken as a whole reflect the nature and standard of operation of each refuse site. The total demerit marks give the grading for each site as follows: Marks Grading Description o - 20 A Complies with recognised standards 21 - 40 B Partially complies with recognised standards 41 - 60 C Marginal - may have to be accepted for some small communities 61 - 80 D Not satisfactory - some degree of risk 81 and over E Completely unsatisfactory

SOURCE: 1977 GRADING OF SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL SITES IN NEW ZEALAND, BOARD OF HEALTH CYCLOSTYLED REPORT SERIES NO. 9, A REPORT PREPARED FOR THE BOARD OF HEALTH BY THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH. Note: Further Information The information presented from the 1977 survey may now be outdated as sites are filled. For more recent data and further information on refuse disposal sites, direct enquiries to: Medical Officer of Health, Whangarei District Health Office, 20 Box 137, Whangarei; or to the local authority concerned. HOUSING QUALITY Published information on housing characteristics and quality is at present available from two main sources.

A 1976 CENSUS OF POPULATION AND DWELLINGS (AND PREVIOUS CENSUSES)

(1) 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin No. 3 Northland Statistical Area

Table 14 Nature of Occupied Dwellings Table 15 Permanent Private Dwellings - Tenure Table 17 Means of Home Heating Table 18 Household and other Amenities Table 19 Means of cooking and type of Hotwater Service Table 20 Nature of Permanent Private Dwellings by Ceiling and Outer Wall Insulation.

(2) 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin 12 New Zealand Regional Summary

This contains the same tables as listed above with reference to New Zealand as a whole.

(3) Miscellaneous Series No.8, 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, The Range and Availability of Regional Statistics

This publication lists further unpublished data on private households and dwellings that are available at a regional level or for each local authority and subdivisions thereof, upon request to: Executive Officer, Population Statistics Section, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Wellington.

Selected data from the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings is already provided in the Northland Regional Health Data Handbook, Section 3 Social and Economic Characteristics, Lifecycle/Lifestyle Table , Housing

B NATIONAL HOUSING COMMISSION

(1) Urban Housing Stock in New Zealand Voluimi 1 : Northland Statistics from the Valuation Departments Land Use Data Records

Research Paper 79/6 Author Naresh Nana. Published by the National Housing Commission, Wellington, June 1979.

Included are tables on type of dwelling, construction of dwelling, floor area, condition, age etc. as well as various combinations of these variables. This publication refers to urban housing stock in Whangarei City and the rest of the Northland Statistical Area. Urban housing stock has been defined as private, solely residential use properties in towns and cities that had a 1976 population of 1,000 inhabitants or more..

Information from this publication has not been included in the handbook but copies of this publication can be obtained on request to: The Secretary, National Housing Commission, P0 Box 1789, Wellington.

Unpublished data on housing quality may also be available from local authorities or from the Whangarei District Health Office. TABLE 5.20 : WHANGAREI HEALTH DISTRICT, NOTIFICATION OF DISEASES ARISING FROM OCCUPATION, YEARS 1978-1980

CAUSE OF DISEASE 1978 1979 1980 M F T M F T M F T

1 Skin diseases due to Chrome ------1 1 2 Natural products ------1 0 1

SUBTOTAL ------2 1 3

2 Diseases due to dust, fumes, gases, vapour, or mist - Metal fume fever - - - 1 0 1 - - - Organophosphorus insecticide poisoning - - - 2 0 2 2 0 2 Poisoning by other agricultural chemicals 1 0 1 3 0 3 1 0 1 Poisoning by organic solvents - - - 1 0 1 - - -

SUBTOTAL 1 0 1 7 0 7 3 0 3

3 Diseases due to physical agents - Hearing loss 1 0 1 ------

SUBTOTAL 1 0 1 ------

4 Diseases due to infectious agents - Leptospirosis 35 0 35 44 6 50 74 6 80 Undulant fever (brucellosis) 1 0 1 2 0 2 6 0 6 Other - - - 1 2 3 - - -

SUBTOTAL 36 0 36 47 8 55 80 6 86

TOTAL CASES 38 0 38 54 8 62 85 7 92

SOURCE: NOTIFIABLE OCCUPATIONAL DISEASE RECORDS, UNPUBLISHED DATA, DIVISION OF PUBLIC HEALTH, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, P0 BOX 5013, WELLINGTON.

Note: 1 Further detail in terms of industry, occupation, age, race and notifying agency is available from the above source. 2 Further Information An Occupational Health profile consisting of a register of hazardous industries is at present being assembled. For information on this or other aspects of occupational health, direct enquiries to: Medical Officer of Health, Whangarei District Health Office, P0 Box 137, Whangarei.

TABLE 5.21 : NEW ZEALAND TOTAL, NOTIFICATION OF DISEASES ARISING FROM OCCUPATION, YEARS 1978-1980

CAUSE OF DISEASE 1978 1979 1980 M F P M F P M F T

1 Skin disease due to - Mineral oils 7 2 9 10 0 10 3 3 6 Grease 1 0 1 1 2 3 - - - Organic solvents 11 4 15 11 1 12 6 0 6 Cement 2 0 2 2 0 2 - - - Chrome 4 1 5 8 1 9 11 1 12 Resins and chemicals used in manufacture of plastics 10 2 12 3 1 4 6 5 11 Hairdressing chemicals - - - 1 0 1 0 2 2 Photographic chemicals - - - 1 1 2 - - - Other chemicals 28 14 42 31 5 36 16 4 20 Natural products - wool, tobacco etc. 9 8 17 8 5 13 13 5 18 Physical causes - - - 2 2 4 1 1 2 Other causes 17 3 20 9 1 10 12 3 15

suOrAx.. 89 34 123 87 19 106 68 24 92

2 Diseases due to dusts, fumes, gases, vapours, or mist -

Lead poisoning 4 3 7 12 0 12 3 1 4 Metal fume fever 2 0 2 9 0 9 9 0 9 Organophosphorus insecticide poisoning 6 1 7 11 0 11 3 1 4 Poisoning by other agricultural chemicals 9 2 11 5 0 5 7 1 8 Poisoning by fumigants - - - 5 0 5 2 0 2 Poisoning by refrigerants ------0 1 1 Poisoning by other lung irritants II 1 12 12 0 12 9 1 10 Poisoning by other gases 3 0 3 4 1 5 15 0 15 Poisoning by organic solvents 6 2 8 8 1 9 6 2 8 Any other respiratory disease 7 0 7 3 2 5 13 0 13 Any other condition caused by the above agents - other than respiratory 1 1 2 2 1 3 4 1 5

SUBTOTAL 49 10 59 71 5 76 71 8 79

3 Diseases due to physical agents -

Eye conditions not due to accident 2 0 2 2 1 3 1 0 1 Hearing loss 142 1 143 380 5 385 172 2 174 Other conditions - - - 8 0 8 5 1 6

SUBTOTAL 144 1 145 390 6 396 178 3 181

4 Permanent damage to vision due to accident -

SUBTOTAL 3 0 3 1 1 2 10 0 10 5 Diseases due to infectious agents - Leptospirosis 341 24 365 545 65 610 448 38 486 Undulant fever (brucellosis) 22 1 23 38 1 39 33 4 37 Other 49 4 53 66 6 72 121 1 122

SUBTOTAL 412 29 441 649 72 721 602 43 645

TOTAL CASES 697 74 771 1,198 103 1 1 301 929 78 1,007

SOURCE: ANNUAL REPORTS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH FOR THE YEARS ENDED 31 MARCH 1979, 1980, 1981.

Note: Further detail in terms of industry, occupation • age and race is available from the Division of Public Health, Department of Health. Information on the notifying agency is available from the Annual Reports quoted above. INVENTORY

NORTHLAND HEALTH SERVICES

PI:i1 CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION

MAP OF NORTHLAND

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

Introduction 1 Staff 1 Expenditure 2 Services Audio-visual testers 3 Dental services 3 Health education officer 6 Inspectors of health 6 Medical officers 9 Mobile ear clinic 10 Occupational health it Otangarei health centre 12 Public health nurses 12

HOSPITALS

ST MARYS HOSPITAL 15 NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD Descriptions of hospitals Northland. Base 16 Kaitaia 16 Dargaville 17 Bay of Islands 17 Rawene 17 Kae o 17 Kaikohe 17 Homes for the elderly 17 Expenditure 18 Patient statistics Availability and occupancy of beds 19 Beds in homes for the elderly 20 Inpatients 21 Outpatients 22 Daypat i ent s 23 Staff statistics Total staff by department or service 24 Total staff by type 25 Other professional and technical staff 26 Services Child Health Clinic 27 Dietary departments 28 Domiciliary services 29 Family Health Counselling Service 30 Northland Alcohol Advisory Service 31 Occupational therapy services 32 Pathology laboratories 33 Physiotherapy services 34 Psychiatric wards and services 36 Radiology services 37 Services for the elderly 37 Other services provided at hospitals Hospital chaplain - see voluntary organisations Rehabilitation officers (hospital service) - see voluntary organisations

OTHER STATUTORY AUTHORITIES

Accident Compensation Corporation 39 Department of Social Welfare 40 Local authorities 41 Northland United Council 43 Psychological Service of the Department of Education ri

PRIVATE AGENCIES

Dental technicians 45 Dentists 45 General medical practitioners 47 Medical specialists 49 Northland Pathology Laboratory 50 Northland Radiology Laboratory 51 Occupational health nurses 51 Optometrists 52 Pharmacists 52 Physiotherapists 53 Podiatrists 53 Practice nurses 54 Shalom 55

VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS

Aged, Widows and Invalids Beneficiaries Association 57 Al—Anon, Al—Ateen 57 Alcoholics Anonymous 58 Arthritis and Rheumatism Foundation 59 Asthma Society 60 Birthright 61 Cancer Society 62 Catholic Social Services 62 Child Abuse Prevention Society 63 Child Cancer Foundation 64 Citizens Advice Bureau Whangarei 65 Civilian Maimed Association 66 Court Aid/Prisoners Aid and Rehabilitation Society 67 Crippled Children Society 68 Diabetes Society 70 Family Care 71 Family Planning Association 72 Federation of Sports Medicine 73 Flatsville Trust 73 Foster Care Association 74 Foundation for the Blind 75 Friends of the Hospital 76 Happiness Club 77 Headway 77 Hearing Association 78 Help for Hyperactive Children 78 Home Aid Scheme 79 Home Line - see Life Line Hospital Chaplain 80 IYDP Committee 81 Kaitaia Information Centre 81 Kaitaia Social Services Council 82 Kamo Home 82 La Leche League 83 Life Line 85 Marriage Guidance Council 87 Mastectomy Association 88 Mauriu Child Health Camp 89 Multiple Sclerosis Society 90 National Heart Foundation 91 Natural Family Planning Association 92 Northern Wairoa Citizens Advice Bureau 93 Northern Wairoa Welfare Association 93 Northland Association for Mental Health 94 Northland Medical Foundation 94 Ostomy Society 95 Paraplegics and Physically Disabled Association 96 Parent Help - see Child Abuse Prevention Society Parenthood Education Committee 97 Plunket Society 97 Pregnancy Support 98 Presbyterian Social Services Association 99 Prisoners Aid and Rehabilitation Society - see Court Aid Red Cross 100 Rehabilitation Officers (Hospital Service) 102 Residential Nursery and Creche 102 Riding for the Disabled Association 103 Salvation Army 104 Selwyn Park 106 Society for the Intellectually Handicapped 107 St John 107 St Johns Day Care Centre 109 Switzer Home iog Tikipunga Protestant Childrens Home 110 Trust Houses 111 Whangarei Child Care Centre 111 Whangarei Council of Social Services, 112 Womens Division Federated Farmers113

HEALTH PROMOTION IN NORTHLAND 115

INDEX OF ORGANISATIONS AND WORKERS BY TYPE OF SERVICE 116 INTRODUCTION

This is the second inventory produced by FTHSACs advisory staff and like the 1979 inventory it has enabled the advisory officers to meet with a wide range of health workers and organisations in the voluntary, private and public sectors throughout Northland and to discuss the services and facilities provided by them.

I would like to thank all these people for their cooperation and the time they have devoted to seeing the advisory staff, checking drafts and answering enquiries.

It is intended to review the inventory every two or three years as this type of information quickly becomes out of date. I see the inventory undergoing further development as each review is done and the range of services included each time may well be expanded.

It has been heartening to watch the progress of the service planning concept in Northland and its acceptance as a valuable way of improving health services. As a further aid to service development an index has been included in this booklet which lists:thd Services provided in differnt service areas. We feel this index is an integral part of the inventory.

It is intended that .the inventory will be regularly reviewed and updated. Our decisions regarding the place- ment of the various services in the service index may be open to comment. If you have any suggestions about the index or any other aspect of the inventory they will be most welcome.

J B Crompton Chairman MAP OF NORTHLAND

REI

U

i Heads oint

T e

RuawaJ$.MflaWhai

Ov./ellsford

0 1elens yule 3

Services

Audio-visual Testers Two testers are employed by the department to test the hearing and vision of Northland children. Three pure tone audiometers on loan from the National Acoustics Centre in Auckland are used for testing, one of which is on call for the occupational health nurse when she requires it. New entrants are tested as soon as possible after reaching school. All those in form 1 are tested, with boys being checked for their colour vision. Retests are done on those who failed or missed the previous years tests. These retests total almost the same number as the first time tests on new entrants and form 1 children combined. All children who go to the Maunu Health Camp are tested. Special referrals are made to the clinic held fortnightly at the departments district office. These come through general practitioners, teachers, speech therapists, public health nurses etc. Preschoolers are tested for vision, at present mostly by public health nurses. Public health nurses also do some new entrant vision tests to assist with the workloads of the testers. This will change when the proposed third vision/hearing tester is appointed. After a child has been retested and a hearing loss confirmed, a letter is sent to the parents with a copy of the audiogram for the familys general practitioner. The general practitioner then sends back to the Department of Health his findings and treatment. Lists of those with hearing or vision defects go to the schools concerned, health department medical officers, public health nurses and the public health nurse manning the mobile ear clinic to which children are referred when appropriate for impedance testing and possible treatment. Contact is had with the Department of Educations Advisor on Deaf Children to whom health department medical officers refer profoundly deaf children.

Dental Services The school dental service has the responsibility to educate children to develop practices conducive to good dental health, and to encourage early enrolment and provide or refer for regular dental care. The emphasis is on health education and prevention as well as the provision of dental treatment,

Dept Health services 4

Treatment can be undertaken from the age of 2- although mothers are encouraged to enrol babies for health education purposes. Routine 6 monthly examinations are then an automatic procedure until the child leaves form two. Regular dental treatment should then be provided by a contracting dentist of the parent . choice. This continues until the 18th birthday if still at school, or the 16th birthday if not attending school. Any treatment beyond the scope of the school dental nurse is referred to a dentist whose services are paid for by the department as a special dental benefit. Orthodontic treatment is not provided under the school dental service or the dental benefit scheme but advice on any irregularity is given to the parents by the school dental nurse. Clinics are situated in school grounds and are maintained by the Education Board. The Department of Healths Division of Dental Health maintains a close liaison with the Education Board particularly regarding the siting of clinics at new schools. The Department of Health provides the staff, stores and equipment for the clinics. The size of patient groups varies but it is based on the ratio of one nurse to 431 patients in a non-fluoridated area. In fluoridated areas the ratio is one nurse to 621 patients. (The only area in this district with a fluoridated water supply is the Kaitaia Borough). Currently there are 58 dental nurses and 2 supervising dental nurses. The larger schools have one or two nurses stationed permanently throughout the year,eg Whangarei Primary and Tikipunga. Smaller schools often have a small clinic attached and have a nurse stationed for perhaps 2 to 3 months of each 6 monthly treatment period. This is called a sub-base. Every school is catered for with small schools contributing to a main treatment centre or a sub-base. School committees assist with the local administration of the affairs of the clinics ie they administer a clinic grant from the 1pepartment of Health and provide liaison between the school dental nurse and the community. The clinic grant covers laundry charges, cleaning, wages, electricity, telephone and water charges.

Dept Health services

1

DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH

Introduction The district office is headed by the medical officer of health who must be a medical practitioner with a special qualification in community/public health. Each district office operates its own local administration but is respon- sible to the directOr general of health for carrying out departmental policy. The medical officer of health has a number of statutory powers vested in him including the control of infectious arid notifiable diseases. Aspects of the work covered by the Whangarei district office throughout Northland are discussed in the following sections. Staff Table 1 Department of Health Whangarei District Office taff - full time equivalents as at 31 March 1981 Staff Type Permanent Temporary Wage - Total FT PT FT PT

Clerical/executive 15 15

Typists 2 2

Technicians 4 1 5

Medical 1 2 0.5 3.5

Nursing 28 0.6 28.6

Health education 1 1

Health inspection 7 7

Dental 59 1.3 60.3

117 3 1.8 - 0.6 122.4

Dept Health intro ; staff 2. Expenditure Table 2 Department of Health Whangarei District Office expenditure year ended 31 March 1981 Type of Service Benefits Other Subsidies Including etc Admin - Total

Hospital treatment 78 087 78 087 Pathology 418 567 418 567 Radiology 71 870 71 870 Dental - school 920 597c 920 597 - adolescent 348 029 10.279 358 308 Medical practitioner - GMS (plus supervising - school hostels) 1 361 753 22 668 1 384 421 - maternity 305 153 305 153 - immunisation 17 546 17 546 - rural practice 86 154 86 154 - specialists (includes other special - - benefits) 94 726 94 726 Nurses - practice 447 992 447 992 Mlic health - cluding all - - - related expenses) 572 387 - 572 387 Pharmaceutical 4 747 067 4,747 067 Physiotherapy 50 672 50 672 Disease prevention, mobile Xray unit, port health 53 372 53 372 Environmental health 119 767 119 767 Occupational health 10 305 - 10 305 Health education 16 210 16 210 Administration 219 430 219 430 Public health and environmental protection ------(includes foods, nutrition) 45 944 45 944 Child health 95 078 95 078 Aged accommodation 7 500 7 500 Total 8 045 421 2 075 732 10 121 153

Dept Health expenditure Table 3 Department of Health Whangarei Health District number of dental clinics 1981

Type of Clinic Number Main treatment centres 40

Sub-bases 57 The clinics are categorised according to size and function: A type - has or has provision for two electric dental units 27 B type - has or has provision for one electric dental unit 42 C type - has portable equipment 1

In some outlying areas with very small schools, use is made of rooms other than clinics. These are certainly. not ideal working conditions for the nurses involved, but provide an access to dental care for the patient groups in each instance eg school rooms are being used at To Hapua, Motuti, Opua and To Tii. A hallroom is being used at Pouto, Health Clinics at IViatihetihe and Pawarenga. Dental Caravans Two mobile dental caravans are used for treating remote schools. The Mangakahia mobile serves 9 schools - Poroti, Kokepu, Parakao, Pakotai, Awarua, Tautoro, To Horo, Purua and Tutamoe. Mangakahia Area School has its own clinic, The Mid-Northland mobile also serves 9 schools - Omanaia, Waima, Horeke, Oromahoe, Pakaraka, Orauta, Waiomio, Karetu and Waikare. Equipment The department is at present in the midst of a re-equipment programme. Eleven new modern units are now installed in this district. Intermediate clinics are using high speed turbine units and have pump-up chairs. Eighteen motorised flow-line chairs have been installed at clinics throughout the district.

Dept Health services Table 4 Department of Health Whangarei Health District school dental clinic patient statistics 1981

Type of patient Number - Preschool 3 371 School (primer 1 - form 2) 19 488 Total (as at 30 June 1981) 22859 Form 2 patients eligible for general dental benefits (1980) 2 406 Form 2 patients enrolled for general dental benefits: number (year ended 31 March 1981) 2 153 % of those eligible (as at 1 December 1981) 89%

Health Education Officer The Health Education Officer (HEO) acts as a specialist advisor in health education inethods, information and media, The HEO advises plaiining committees and management in identifying priority areas and objectives for health education programmes and in planning, coordinating and evaluating programmes. In addition the HEO is encouraged to assist education and health workers involved. with groups, individuals, organisations orcommmiiies. It h.s been recognised that individuals must be encouraged to take a more active interest in and responsibility for their health. Essential to this approach is the need to inform the public of the risks arising from a particular course of behaviour. One of the groups most likely to be receptive to health teaching is school children. As an example of their work the HEO in Northland has-been actively involved with schools throughout the region in developing appropriate health education programmes for their pupils. - Inspectors of Health The medical officer of health has an overall statutory supervisory role in all matters of environmental health including the spread of disease, and gives guidance from an epidemiological viewpoint. Through the principal inspector of health the medical officer of health is responsible for the activities of the inspectors of health. They perform a egulatory and advisory role in the field of environmental health and sanitation, disease control and food protection. Certain functions are delegated to local authorities.

Dept Health services 7 In the Whangarei district office the health inspection services are carried out by a principal inspector of health, a senior inspector of health and 5 inspectors of health. In their laboratory they have the usual range of equipment, including 2 d.rager gas detectors, 2 sound survey meters, 2 dosimeters and one velometer. A chrome mist and lead—in-#air detector is on loan from Auckland.. Chemical inspectors are employed on a regional basis. The one based in Auckland is available to advise Whangarei, Auckland, Rotorua and Hamilton on matters relating to chemical inspection. The department carries out inspection services for Hobson County, Dargaville Borough, Whangaroa County and Otamatea County and supervises the services carried out by the health inspectors employed by Kaitaia Borough, Bay of Islands County, Kaikohe Borough, Whangarei County, Hikurangi Town Council, Whangarei City, Hokianga County and Mangonui County Council. The functions of the inspectors of health are: Food standards and quality control a food premises inspected 3 monthly b control of manufacturing standards by routine sampling, labelling, inspection and seizure if required c laboratory tests and complaints investigated as required d certification of export food e checking of imported food Occupational health a monitoring dust fumes and gases by monthly inspection b factory can-teens inspected 3 monthly c noise level surveys conducted as required d monitoring the use of agricultural chemicals e identifying and investigating hazards f investigation of poisons g health education h radiation monitoring - the National Radiation Laboratory in Christchurch is also responsible for radiation monitoring throughout New Zealand Toxicology and poisons control a control Of poisons by administering the Poisons Act and the Agricultural Chemicals Regulations

Dept Health services ru Lu b licensing and 6 monthly inspection of poison license holders c labelling of poisons d noxious substances e investigation and containment of chemical spillages Disease control a investigation and containment of notifiable infectious diseases - b other communicable diseases c , diseases arising from occupations Waste water treatment and water pollution control a regular inspection and samplirig of water supplies b monitoring and control of sewage treatment plants c septic tank approval d consideration of applications for loans and subsidies Surveillance of oyster industry a oyster sampling surveillance and approval for export certificates b monthly inspections and water sampling for analysis Inspection of premises a schools inspected every 3 years b swimming pools inspected monthly in summer c government institutions inspected 6 monthly d cemeteries inspected annually e harbour buildings and installations inspected 6 monthly f airport buildings and installations inspected as required Quarantine and port health a inspections as required.; includes surveillance., sanitation and fumigation b commercial and private ships and planes

Dept Health services Health education a for specific groups in industry or the community b in the course of carrying out occupational health duties Civil defence a participation in exercises and planning b advising on health matters Joint responsibility with local authorities a statutory nuisances inspected on complaint b refuse tips inspected 3 monthly c hydatids dosing inspected 4 monthly d pest control e air pollution f environmental noise g offensive trades h town planning and building plans i inspection of substandard housing j pensioner housing and old peoples homes k inspection of food premises, licensed premises, wine manufacturers, boarding houses and hotels, hair- dressers and camping grounds

Medical Officers The department employs 2 medical officers whose concern is the health and welfare of Northland children.. Routine examinations are carried out on infants, preschool children and new entrant school children. In addition to routine examinations, selective examinations are made following referrals from public health nurses, teachers, preschool group leaders and parents. They arrange for children to attend the Maunu health tamp where appropriate and supervise children attending the camp. Special class and special school children receive ongoing medical supervision to determine if there is a medical reason for their retardation. Children receiving schooling by correspondence are visited by medical officers where possible so that checks can be made on each childs development.

Dept Health services 10

Medical officers are concerned with health education on an informal basis.through talks to groups of school childien on such topics as - care of teeth, care of feet, colds and personal hygiene. Lectures on sex education are given to children at intermediate and secondary school levels. Medical examinations are arranged in liaison with the Department of Maori Affairs for Maori school leavers who are taking up apprenticeships. The medical officers advise public health nurses and audio—visual testers on professional and technical aspects of preschool and school health care. They maintain close liaison with general practitioners and hospital medical staff. Special campaigns are held as the need arises in remote areas of Northland where access to general practitioners is difficult. Public health nurses working in the areas concerned arrange for children of all ages to be brought to the schools in these areas to coincide with the medical officers visit. The medical officers have been involved in some recent clinical studies including perinatal mortality and in- fants with congenital defects such as spina bifida. They have also assisted in planning of preschool services.

Mobile Ear Clinic The mobile ear clinic is a specially equipped caravan on loan from the Deafness Research Foundation in Auckland. 1tis an integral part of the Department of Healths hearing conservation programme, is supervised by a consultant otologist and the departments medical officers and operated by a specially trained public health nurse. The mobile ear clinic is set up for 3 week periods at, Northlandschools where screening is done for children with suspected conductive ear defects. These children are referred from the audio—visual testers ormedicalofficers of the Department of Health, GPs, public health and plunket nurses, parents and schools. Between clinics held-at schools the clinic operates at the Mauriu Health Camp for the benefit of local children and health camp children.

Dept Health services 11 Children are also referred for regular daily treatment of chronic ear infections which are often associated with perforated eardrums. Treatment consists of irrigation with an antibiotic solution until the ear is free from infection. At this point the perforation may heal spontaneously, be patched with tissue paper to aid healing, or be referred for ENT consultants action. Screening consists of microscopic examination of the ear, removal of plugs of wax or foreign bodies from the ear canal, and careful examination of the eardrum to note clinical abnormalities and to ensure the eardrum is mobile. If the. drum is not mobile an impedance test is carried out. Arrangements can be made for pure tone audiometry to be done. Children are referred for follow-up to their own doctor or for an ENT consultants opinion. Health education forms a major part of the hearing conservation programme and is carried out continually for children of all ages, parents and many interested groups in the community. The clinic operates from a 6 metre caravan and equipment includes a microscope-with 2 teaching arms, a suction machine, a head light, an impedance audiometer supplied by the Country Womens Institute, an ear model, ENT charts and necessary instruments. The 2 teaching arms on the microscope are a valuable asset as they enable 2 others besides the operator to view the eardrum and treatments in great detail. This removes some of the mystery regarding ear problems and assists greatly with the health education programme.

Occupational Health Occupational health services are provided by public health nurses, inspectors . ofhealth and the occupational health centre in Thangarei. Public health nurses involved in occupational health include in their programmes both clinical treatment and prevention, counselling, rehabilitation and health education. Communication is an important aspect of the work, providing liaison between.the managerial level and the workforce in the area of health education and safety. In rural areas and especially iu the agricultural community, public.., health nurse involvement in occupational health will be increasingly encouraged. The inspectors of health are involved in a range of occupational health duties. These include environmental monitoring and control such as measuring noise levels, the use of chemicals and poisons, the inspection of

Dept Health Services 12

premises, investigating cases of occupation related illness and health education of industrial groups. The Occupational Health Centre, situated on the corner, of Port Rd and Okara Drive Whangarei, opened in November 1981. It is staffed by 1 full time public health nurse, with medical and physiotherapy services being developed in cooperation with private practitioners. One public health nurse, working from the district office, spends two days at the centre to develop resources and assist public health nurses in occupational health throughout Northland. The centre provides preventive and educational activities and clinical treatment. The modular unit consists of a clinical room, a seminar room,a physiotherapy area, a hearing testing room,a reception area, office, kitchen and 2 toilets. Supervision will be maintained through the district office. Health education programmes will include visits by the nurses to industry and the arrangement of suitable training programmes to enable the provision of first aid on site. The centre will also be used by ACC and by unions for seminars and meetings. Facilities such as family counselling and family planning will be made available as the need arises. The planning of the centre and its services was initiated by local industry and labour and the future role of the centre will be monitored by a user committee representing local industry and workers. The centre was built with funds from the Accident Compensation Corporation and the Industrial Welfare Deposit Account.

Otangarei Health Centre Cnr William Jones Drive and Rata Place Whangarei The centre serves as a base for the local public health nurse and is available for use by other health and social agencies, public, private and voluntary and for user community groups. The property was purchased using community care funds and is owned by the Northland Hospital Board.

Public Health Nurses

The public health nursing staff in Northland. consists - of 1 principal public health nurse (phn), 2 supervising phns, a senior phn based in Kaitaia, and 27 public health nurses, 2 of whom work in occupational health

Dept Health services 13 and one at present in the mobile ear clinic. The nurses operate from 21 bases throughout the region. They work in urban and rural areas on either a 5 or 7 day week basis depending on the availability of other health services in their areas. Three health assistants work from the Whangarei, Kaikohe and Kaitaia offices. Public health nurses carry out a wide range of activities concerned with the health of people in homes, work places and schools. Health promotion through health education is an integral part of the work. The public health nurses responsibilities include infant and preschool child health programmes which involve developmental assessments, the surveillance of family health and giving advice and guidance in relation to health promotion. Visits are made to homes and child care centres. Obstetric units and paediatric wards are visited weekly to coordinate services. Public health nurses supervise the health of school children. Each school in a nurses area is visited every 2 to 4 weeks depending on need, and follow up home visits are made where necessary. They also participate in school health education programmes. Communicable disease control plays a part in their work. They carry out the annual mass programmes of BOG immunisation of form 3 pupils and rubella vaccination of form 1 girls, and complete the primary immunisation of children who are not taken to general practitioners. Other services provided includeoccupational health programmes, care of the elderly, emergency domiciliary nursing care and participation in surveys and projects related to community health. Public health nurses liaise with Other health and social services to .aid coordination. Contact with general practitioners is on a regular basis in some areas and meetings with social workers from other government departments are held at 4 to 6 weekly intervals. Regular contact is maintained with Northlands only private hospital and 5 privately owned old peoples homes to ensure satisfactory standards of care, to check narcotics and prescription poisons and to advise on proposed programmes.

Dept Health services 14

Ongoing inservice education programmes are arranged for public health nurses. Planned programmes of lectures and public health field experience of 2 weeks for student general nurses and 2 days for student enrolled nurses are provided by the public health nursing staff.

Dept Health services

15

HOSPITALS

ST MARTS HOSPITAL Location Whangarei Heads Rd Onerahi Phone 160689 St Marys is the only private hospital in Northland. It has been run by the Sisters of Mercy since 1962 and has specialised in surgical services since 1972. One block contains all services - administration, operating theatre, wards, tv room, laundry, kitchen and boiler house. There are 22 beds available, 5 of these in the childrens ward. A separate block houses the nurses home and convent. The hospital has 9 visiting specialists who do a total of 9 sessions weekly, and 3 visiting anaesthetists. All types of surgery are catered for with the exception of cardiac surgery and neurosurgery. Table 5 St Marys Hospital staff by type September 1981 Type full time part time Medical surgeons 9 anaesthetists 3 Nursing principal nurse 1 registered nurses 3 6 enrolled nurses 5 3 Non-treatment staff cooks 1 2 kitchen hands 4.4 laundry 2 gardeners 2 domestic hands 1 15 27.4

St Marys 16

NORTHLAND HOSPITAL BOARD

Descriptions of Hospitals

Northland Base Hospital, Whangarei The hospital consists of two multi-storey ward wings connected by a multi-storey service wing and communicating with an old single stoey ward wing. The hospital kitchen and cafeteria is a single storey structure connected at lower ground floor. level. In addition there is a detached wooden single storey building which was formerly a maternity ward but is now used as a geriatric day-care centre. The seven storey ward wing commissioned in 1961 contains five inpatient wards, an A& E department, an outpatient department at ground floor level, and pharmacy and orthotic departments at lower ground floor level. The six storey wing commission- ed in 1976 has the board offices and board room on the ground floor and contains five inpatient wards including two ,obstetric wards with an attached delivery suite. The service wing contains the xray department, physiotherapy department, occupational therapy, central sterile supply, operating theatres, laboratory, and medical and nursing administration. A chapel is accessible from the hospital at lower ground floor level. Other buildings on thehospital site are a child health clinic occupying an old house, the laundry and boiler house, stores and workshops, as well as an extensive staff residence consisting of three wings built at different periods. A 24 bed residential unit for the intellectually handicapped is in the final stages of planning and should be built shortly on a site detached and some little distance from the hospital.

Kaitaia Hospital The main ward block of the hospital is a three storey struct- ure with a maternity unit on the ground floor and surgical and medical wards above, It is connected with a single storey block containing the operating theatres and the administration and an old single story wooden structure housing physiotherapy, occupational therapy, central sterile supply, xray and laboratory. The paediatric ward is a detached structure. Also on the site aree-a number of staff houses and the staff residence which has been built in two stages.

Hospital Board descriptions 17

Dargaville Hospital The main block is a single storey structure containing a medióal ward, surgical ward, a geriatric ward, and a maternity ward. The childrens ward is in a detached building. The theatres, xray, laboratory, physiotherapy, occupational therapy and administration offices are part of the main building. There is a staff residence in the grounds and also the Laura Ambury Lodge for the aged containing 12 beds.

Bay of Islands Hospital, Kawakawa The hospital is a single storey structure, the main block containing two adult general wards, the opeia.ting theatres, outpatient department, laboratory, physiotherapy, xray department and administration offices; the childrens ward and the maternity ward are two separate detached buildings.

Rawene Hospital A 2 storey wooden building containing two adult general wards and a small paediatric ward with a small maternity unit below. The outpatient department whiOh serves as ,a health clinic is housed in the same building.

Kaeo Hospital A small wooden hospital containing two Wards for medical and surgical patients. Part of the staff residence, which is a detached building in the same grounds, has been converted for use for geriatric patients with ten beds and is known as Kauri Lodge.

Kaikohe Hospital The maternity unit is at present closed temporarily and permanent closure is under consideration. A 19 bed long stay geriatric unit has just been commissioned. The Puriri Lodge for elderly peoples residential accommodation is in the same building with 26 beds.

Homes for the Elderly Puriri Lodge Kaikohe 26 available beds Kauri Lodge, Kaeo 10 U Laura Ambury Lodge, Dargaville 12 It Potter Memorial Home, Whangarei 41 of U

Hospital Board descriptions 18

Expenditure Table 6 Northland Hospital Board expenditure Year ended 31 March 1981

Expenditure type r $ Hospital treatment 12869.478 Diagnostic services 1 333 248 Domiciliary services 457861 Dietary 1 736.437 Laundry 458 646 Housekeeping 2 840 485 Maintenance & engineering 2 732 178. Transport - ambulance 218 195 437 201 - other 219 006 3 Administration 3 122 330 Special areas 95 138 Total 26 083 002

Hospital Board expenditure Table 7 Northland Hospital Board availability of beds by type and hospital Year ended 31 March 1981

Average occupied beds shown in brackets CD

Hospital Bay Board Beds available base Kaitaia Darg. of Is. Rawene Kaeo Kaikohe Total

med/surgical 218(150.7) 68(54.8) 52(38.9) 35(26.5) 28(12.0) 23(14.6) 424(297.5) geriatric 60(56.7) 16(13.2) 17(11.1) 15(11) 108(92.0) paediatric 30(13.1) 23(409) 18(6.0) 19(6.6) 90(30.6) psychiatric 16(1496) 16(14.6) obstetric 48(38.8) 23(6.7) 14(6.4) 17(12.4) 6(1.9) 5(0.7) 113(66.9)

Total 372(27309) 114(66.4) 100(64.5) 71(45.5) 51(25.0) 28(15.3) 15(11) 751(501.6)

H bi hospital ward beds only 0 - a cf

CD cI Table 8 Northland Hospital Board homes for the elderly: beds by location Year ended 31 March 1981

Location -

Potter LauraLaura Kauri Puriri Home Anibury Lodge Lodge Lodge, Darg. Kaeo Kaikohe Total • Beds Whangarei N) C

available 41 12 10 26 89

average occupied 38.4 10.6 8.1 22.6 82.8 PPPP-

Table 9 Northland Hospital Board inpatient statistics by hospital Year ended 31 March 1981

Bay of Board base Kai-taia Darg. Islands Rawene Kaeo average/total patient admissions 9164 2169 1938 2975 432 765 17 443 % occupancy general beds 72.6 65.6 67.6 61.3 51.3 63.5 68.0 average days stay general 7.9 12.0 10.7 6.1 6.2 6.2 NA average days stay obstet. 7.6 7.6 6.8 8.4 6.1 5.3 NA no. of live births 1118 232 208 271 39 45 1913

0 Cl) Id P. ci- H comprises medical /surgical, geriatric, paediatric and psychiatric td 0 NA = not available a

ci-- P. CD

C)) Table 10 Northland Hospital Board number of first attendances by outpatients by . type and hospital Year ended 31 March 1981 Total outpatient attendances shown in brackets

Hospital

Bay of Board Outpatient type base Kaitaa Dargaville Islands Rawene Kaeo, Total

52(197) 9180(12777) A & E 7703(11064) 520(522) - 905(994) IV general 5628(17089) 1161(3922) 1098(2591) 948(1677) 389(3949) 4675(7837) 13899(37065) obstetric 996(3255) 322(1581) 188(555) 426(1972) 42(312) 144(549) 2118(8224) other 10168(44663) 1817(10282) 343(812) 1821(3836) 913(1275) 15062(60868)

Total 24495(76071) 3820(16307) 1629(3958). 4100(8479) 483(4458) 5732(9661) 40259(118934)

comprises medical/surgical, geriatric, paediatric and psychiatric Table 11 Northland Hospital Board number of new day patients by type and hospital Year ended 31 March 1981 All day patients shown in brackets

Hospital Day patient Bay type base Kaitaia Darg. of Is. Rawene Kaeo Board Total

medical/surgical 116(139) 345(556) 119(119) 168(174) 20(43) 32(81) 800(1112) geriatric 115(2590) 115(2590) paediatric 7(12) 47(119) 54(131)

7(765) N) psychiatric 7(765) Lu 77(1066) other 27(1003) 32(45) 18(18) 0 CO

FJ - 272(4509) 424(720) 137(137) 168(174) 20(43) 32(81) 1053(5664) cl- Total

0 c) a includes obstetrics

CD

C,- U)

Table 12 Northland Hospital Board total staff by department or service Full time equivalents year ended 31 March 1981

Staff type Hospital Bay of Board base Kaitaia Darg. Islands Rawene Kaeo Kaikohe P. Home Total General treatment 492.3 95.9 94.0 76.6 24.0 21.2 17.5 5.5 827.0 Physiotherapy 10.5 1.8 2.4 2.1 , 16.8 Pathology 28.8 6.0 6.4 7.2 48.4 0.8 22.8 Xray 14.1 2.7 1.9 3.3 2.!7 Housekeeping 5.9 5.7 3.0 1.6 0.9 4.7 6.4 30.9 Dietary 44.9 7.2 9.9 11.9 3.3 4.1 4.2 2.8- 88.3 Engineering 28.3 9.6 7.0 6.6 0.9 5.8 1.0 59.2 Building 15.5 4.0 4.0 4.5 1.9 2.0 31.9 3.0 2.0 1.9 24.7 Grounds 6.8 3.7 3.9 3.4 I) Administration 27.6 7.6 7.8 8.5 4.1 2.3 58.0 6.6 Transport 4.4 1.0 1.2 1.0 36.4 j1 Domiciliary - 20.0 3.4 5.2 4.4 2.4 0 2.5 Cl) Family-Counselling 1.5 1.0 ------: -. Day Care Centre 6.0 1.9 7.9 1.2 H Study leave 1.2 w 0.6 1.2 14.6 0 PEP Workers 5.8 1.6 1.5 3.9

Pi Hospital Board staff ,

CO Board admin. ci- 1 3.6 Central Store 33.6 Central Laundry 3.9 Central Linen 7134 151.1 149.0 135.0 41.9 44.3 27.3 14.7 1362.4 Total Table 13 Northland Hospital Bbard total staff by type Full time equivalents year ended 31 March 1981

Staff type Hospital hospital board Bay Potter Board only base Kaitaia Darg. of Is. Rawene Kaeo Kaikohe Home total

Medical 40.8 5.2 3.5 3.5 2.7 2.0 57.7

Nursing 380.8 85.5 87.5 70.9 21.9 20.0 17.4 5.5 689.5 Other professional and technical 69.0 7.3 5.4 6.9 0.2 0.1 88.9

Non-treatment 85.5 222.8 53.1 52.6 53.9 17.1 22.3 9.8 9.2 52603 149.0 135.2 1362.4 Total 35.5 713.4-151.1 41.9 44.3 27.3 14.7 0 Co Id I-I.

H td 0

Pi

Co

I-4) H

Table 14 Northland Hospital Board other professional and technical staff Full time equivalents year ended 31 March 1981

Hospital Bay of Board base Kaitaia Dargaville Islands Rawene Kaikohe Total

2.5 Dietitians C-.- Lab, technologists qualified 8.4 2.0 1.7 2.0 14.1 students 10.0 10.0 1.1 2.1 10.9 gadiog:rphers 6.0 1.7 occuptinai. therapists general treatment 5.2 O-5_ __ 1.1 6.9 Day Care Centre 1.0 1.0 Physiotherapists general treatment 8.6 1.8 1.4 1.1 12.9 Day Care Centre 1.0 0.3 1.3 Social workers 0 4.4 cJ domiciliary 4.4 Family Counselling 1.0 1.0 2.0 Other qualified pharmacist 0.2 0.1 0.2 4.6 td 4.1 0.6 0 dentist 0.6 domiciliary 1.0 1.0 general treatment 3.2 3.2 C, c Other unqualified 1.0 0.5 2.5 social w. gen. treat. 1.0 11.0 other technical 11.0 Total 690 7.3 5.4 6.9 002 0.1 88.9 27

Services

Child Health Clinic The Whangarei Child Health Clinic was opened in 1955 and was transferred to the Northland Base Hospital in 1973. It bccupies a building in Hospital Road separate from the main hospital buildings. It provides assessment and guidance in management for families and for those caring for children with complex medical, learning or emotional problems. This includes such groups as - New born babies - An infant at risk or with clearly recognised delayed development or with suspected developmental delay. Early intervention programmes are of particular value to such children and their families. - Children born with severe congenital disabilities such as obvious cerebral palsy or meningomyelocele and hydrocephalus. In such cases the clinic calls upon the resources not only of its own staff but also on people from other disciplines such as an orthopaedic surgeon, urologist, splint maker, boot maker, rehabilitation officer, inpatient and outpatient nursing staff, and the staff of voluntary agencies, teachers, Department of Social Welfare, speech therapists, and so on. - The intellectually handicapped of all ages. The clinic acts as an assessment, advisory and follow up service for the intellectually handicapped of Northland and their families. - Children and families with complex problems of behaviour or learning disabilities, - Children with complex problems referred by the Department of Social Welfare, the police, the courts or voluntary agencies. This includes children who are the subjects of non—accidental violence.

The Child Health Clinic building also serves as the regular childrens outpatients clinic for the Northland Base Hospital.

Referrals come from within the hospital, general practitioners, other doctors in the public and private sectors, the Psychological Service of the Deparment of Education, public health nurses, plunket nurses and voluntary agencies.

The Child Health Clinic is essentially a family oriented clinic with parents encouraged and expected to attend. Parents also take part in discussion, in decisions and in the implementation of programmes,

Hospital Board services 28

Including psychologists seconded from the Psychological Service of the Department of Education the Child Health Clinic has a staff of eight from various disciplines, some full time, some part time, under the general direction of a paediatrician. It seeks to promote and ensure free and informal contact amongst its staff members, families and voluntary workers in the fields of health, education and welfare of children in Northland.

Dietary Departments The principal function of a hospital dietary department is the provision of a food service for inpatients and hospital staff. The Northland Hospital Board employs a total of 88.3 full time equivalent staff in the dietary departments of its hospitals. This figure includes dietitians, dietary, assistants, general kitchen staff and clerical staff. The board employs 2.5 fte dietitians, all at the base hospital. Dietitians are trained. to apply the science of nutrition to the needs of people in health or disease. The principles of nutrition are applied to the organisation. and control of food services through menu planning, food preparation and food service. In addition, modified diets to suit those with special needs are designed. Other staff at the base hospital dietary department includes an administration officer, 5fte dietary assistants and 35.2 fte kitchen staff. Two full time supervisors work in the kitchen (open 6am to 8pm seven days a week), and 2 supervisors, one full time and one part time, work in the staff cafetaria. The staff are supervised by the Dietitian-in-Charge vtho also acts as consulting dietitian for the peripheral hospitals. Patients at the base hospital are given a menu from which they choose the size and content of their meals. These cards are returned to the kitchen by the dietary assistants and meals are served for each ward onto heated bases. These are then taken to the wards and distributed among patients by the nursing staff. Dietary facilities at the hospital have recently been upgraded. The new kitchen area was opened in December 1980 and the central tray service has been operating since February 1981.

Hospital Board services 29

Special diets are prepared for some patients, including diabetic, high roughage, milk free, weight reduction and high or low protein. General practitioners refer people to the dietitians for help with their diets, mostly of the diabetic and weight reduction types. The Dietitian—in—Charge gives lectures to student nurses, including budgeting for food and food consumption patte rns . Talks about nutrition are given to community groups and occasionally high schools.

Domiciliary Services The domiciliary service staff plan programmes so that all aspects of domiciliary patient care are attended to. These services help to limit the need for some people to come into hospital and enable the continuation of treatment at home after discharge. Services include: District nursing Medical social Occupational therapy Physiotherapy Child therapy Rehabilitation Home help Meals on wheels Linen service Loan equipment The District Nursing Service

- supports and assists the general practitioner in the community - aids in rehabilitation; teaches "health in the home" by prevention of disease and basic nursing care

- helps free acute hospital beds for more urgent patients by preventing admission and facilitating early discharge from hospital - helps relieve the congestion in chronic wards by teaching relatives to nurse their own family The Medical Social Department

- assesses the domestic and social circumstances of patients receiving inpatient and outpatient care to assist in their diagnosis, treatment, conval&scence and rehabilitation

- aims to help people function better in their social environment

Hospital Board services 30

- provides individual,marital and family counselling - offers support and help with the social and emotional aspects of physical and mental ill health - offers help and advice on the care of dependant relatives The hospital based occupational therapists on referral of patients by medical practitioners offer the following services in addition to their institutional activities: preventive - advice on architectural and environmental modifications therapeutic - including aids to daily living supportive - advice and demonstrations consultative - such as to voluntary organisations There is one part time domiciliary physiotherapist employed to advise, assist and treat as necessary home bound individuals at the request of a medical practitioner. Frequently chest disorders, neurological conditions and orthopaedic conditions can be treated in the home environment. Training to members of the family is also given. A home treatment service by a child thera:pist is provided principally to help handicapped children (cerebral palsy, spin bifida, intellectual retardation) and to advise the family on management and training. The meals on wheels and home help services are available as support to maintain people in their own homes. All people referred for meals on wheels are subject to assessment for need and urgency and are reassessed at regular intervals. The home help service is operated by the district nursing service and provides domestic assistance for patients being attended by a district nurse. A linen service and loan equipment are available to patients in their own homes. Requests are assessed by the district nurses.

Family Health Counselling Service The Family Health Counselling Service is n.in by the Northland Hospital Board and has two full time counsellors, one in Whangarei and the other in Dargaville.

Hospital Board services 31

Whangarei Location 14 Second Ave Phone Whangarei 82079 ext 686 (work) 7124(home) Director Cohn Edwards The Director is based in Whangarei and is responsible for the extension and support of counselling services throughout Northland as Well as for the development of preventive programmes. He supervises the Dargavihle office, rims the voluntary counselling service in Kaitaia and offers referral advice to anyone who wishes to find out which agency is the most suitable for a particular need. Talks and courses can be arranged on a variety of counselling related topics and the "Community Care" course is rim throughout Northland in cooperation with the Northland Community College. Dargaville

Location Medical Centre Hokianga Rd Dargaville

Address Box 262 Dargaville

Phone Dargaville 7279 The full time counsellor in Dargaville offers a comprehensive range of counselling services covering marriage, de facto, family, personal, teenage and sexual difficulties. Clients may come on their own or together, be referred from doctors, lawyers or from family courts, seek help on their own initiative or follow a friends recommendation. In addition to counselling talks and courses can be arranged for any local group and the "Community Care" course is scheduled regularly.

Northland Alcohol Advisory Service Location Northland Base Hospital Whangarei, immediately behind the staff hostel Phone 82079 Coordinator ol Community Alcohol Programmes Mrs Olwyn Frith The Alcohol Advisory Service was set up in March 1981. The coordinator has as her task the assessment of needs in Northland in relation to alcohol and the setting up of

Hospital Board services 32 a wide range of services ranging from detoxification to rehabilitation and education. Another aim IE to coordinate existing services and to promote and support any community based alcohol related service. A part time medical officer was appointed in 1981. Clinics: or groups have been set up in several locations around Northland. There are plans to provide assessment for people with an alcohol problem and a follow up service for recovering.alcoholics who have returned from treatment outside Northland and need some support in the community. An urgent priority is the provision of adequate alcoholism counselling. Anyone is encouraged to phone whether it be for information, educational or resource material, advice or supervision of case management.

Occupational Therapy Services Occupational therapy aims to assess the type and extent of peoples disabilities, the effects these have on their home, work and social lives, and to improve their situations to enable them to cope with life more successfully. This improvement may take two forms: treatment and rehabilitation (either improving performance or using compensatory methods or adaptive aids), or education aimed at preventing further deterioration or disability. The, hospital board has 7.9 fte qualified therapists, one of whom works in the Day Care Centre for the elderly at the base hospital. Five aids are also employed. Services are provided at six hospitals, the base, Kaitaia, Bay of Islands, Dargaville, Rawene and Kaeo. Four aspects of disability are looked at: perception, intellectual ability, social relationships and emotional state, and physical capability. The therapists look at what is malfunctioning and attempt to restore this to the maximum level of which a person is capable. Occupational therapy relates treatment to the lifestyle and activities of those they assist. This distinguishes it from physiotherapy which has as its main concern the restoration of strength and range of movement and the easing of pain. The types of people occupational therapist .s treat include: - those with general medical problems (stroke, multiple sclerosis, fractures etc)

Hospital Board services 33

- head injury patients, especially to help them cope with disruption of mental functions and reduced motivation - the elderly - teaching inpatients to function as independently as possible and helping those who wish to remain in their own homes to manage independently - those with mental health problems - therapy for inpatients and outpatients in the form of relaxation programmes, group therapy and confidence—building skills - children with sensory integration problems - helping those with delayed physical and learning development - work skills assessment - 3 to 4 weeks full time assessment of a persons suitability for work The occupational therapy department at Northland Base Hospital has a general workshop. a heavy workshop (mainly carpentry with a technical instructor), and a remedial flat with kitchen, bathroom and toilet which are used to teach people skills to help them cope at home.

Pathology Laboratories Pathology staff are skilled in the scientific aspects of disease diagnosis. The Northland Hospital Board has laboratories in 4 of its hospitals, the base hospital, Bay of Islands Hospital in Kawakawa, Kaitaia Hospital and Dargaville Hospital. Each laboratory is headed by a charge technologist who is assisted by a staff technologist. The board employs 1.4 fte pathologists who are located at the base hospital and oversee the 47 fte other staff distributed among the 4 laboratories. Each laboratory has 4 main sections: a haematology, the study of the physical characteristics of blood to determine the presence of disease. This includes among other things counting the different types of blood cells and identifying abnormal cells, allowing the diagnosis of certain diseases such as leukaemia and some forms of anaemia. This section includes the blood bank facilities where blood supplies are prepared and stored and donor blood is matched with that of patients needing transfusions.

Hospital Board services 34

b chemical pathology, the diagnosis of disease by analysis of chemical changes in the blood and other body fluids. Chemical pathology also involves monitoring treatments, for example the blood glucose count of a diabetic can be checked overa period of time after a course of insulin is begun. c microbiology, the detection of infections and infectious diseases. Disease—producing bacteria or fungi are isolated from patients so that tests maybe carried out to determine the most effective and suitable antibiotic. As part of the laboratories public health function, tests are carried out on samples of milk from milk treatment stations and on samples from some water. supplies (especially non—public ones) which inspectors of health from the Department of Health suspect may contain harmful organisms. In addition, water from oyster farms is monitored for microbial contamination,,. d histopathology, the study of body. tissues removed during operations in order to ascertainthe presence of disease, especially where cancer, eg. of the breast or bowel, is suspected. Northland has a relatively high prevalence of skin cancer and a number of specimens of skin tissue are sent to the laboratories for analysis each week during the summer period.

Physiotherapy Services Physiotherapy is the treatment of injury, disease and disabilityusing physical, electrical or mechanical means to assist in rehabilitation and restoration of function. - Prevention is an important part of physiotherapy. In addition to advising patients on how to prevent future problems, lectures are given to nurses on such things as correct methods of lifting so they may avoid back injuries. The hospital board as 12.5 full time equivalent qualified physiotherapists who are assisted by 4 fte aids. Physiotherapy services are available at 4 Northland hospitals, the base hospital, Kaitaia, Bay of Islands and Dargaville.

The work of the therapists may be divided into 3 groups, inpatients, outpatients and domiciliary. inpatient work includes:

Hospital Board services 35

- treatment of disabilities of the bones, joints and muscles due to trauma and to inflammatory and degenerative diseases. - antenatal and postnatal work - deformities in children resulting from congenital disease - chest and asthma problems - orthopaedics - providing exercise while patients are in traction and rehabilitation when they are no longer bedridden - the elderly - making them as mobile as possible to help ease nursing work loads - pre-surgery preparation and post-surgery assessment of the effects of general anaesthetics - intensive care - monitoring patients progress while on life-sustaining equipment - psychiatric wards - exe rc ise and relaxation programmes - In addition to treating patients within hospitals physiotherapists also help outpatients, who attend either on referral from general practitioners or for rehabilitative help after being discharged from hospital. The base hospital physiotherapy department has a variety of facilities and means of treatment for outpatients. In addition to physical mobilisations and massage these include electrical /stimulation, the application of dry heat (infrared and short- wave diathermy), ultraviolet, ultrasound and damp heat using packs and hot wax.. Among the physical and mechanical types of treatment used are traction, especially for neck and back problems, weights and slings to resist or assist movement, respirators for asthma patients, a swimming pool and a gymnasium. At the base hospital one physiotherapist works full time in ward 10 which provides a day care service for the elderly. This therapist works with the elderly people who do not have a severe enough problem to be in hospital but who benefit from additional help such as this. One physiotherapist spends some time in the community as a domiciliary worker, visiting houses and institutions where people, mainly the elderly, need help.

Hospital Board services 36

The physiotherapists are on call 24 hours a day for emergency situations such as asthma attacks and severe respiratory problems. A programme for building the confidence of post- surgical and post infarct cardiac patients is being run at the base hospital. They are taught how to monitor their own body processes so they can determine the proper level of exercise that should be adopted. Exercise is a valuable preventive measure and one which cardiac patients should be encouraged to adopt. Referrals to this programme come from hospital specialists, general practitioners and the rehabilitation officers.

Psychiatric Wards and Services The psychiatric wards and services have 3 main facets: acute inpatients, outpatients and community work. There are no long stay beds. There are 16 inpatient beds for acute cases which warrant hospital admission but do not need to be committed. Northland Base Hospital outpatient services comprise the equivalent of 3 sessions per week held by the psychiatrist, 4 sessions per week by the psychologist and one session each per week by the part time doctor and the house surgeon. (one session = one half day). The psychiatrist holds one or two out- patient sessions per month in Kawakawa, and one per month in Kaitaia. Kaeo, Rawene and Dargaville are visited occasionally.. Relaxation classes are held at Northland Base Hospital and in the Bay of Islands. The psychiatric district nurse spends as much time as possible in the community, helping former patients adjust to life on their own. Some contact is had with other organisations, especially Alcoholics Anonymous, Whangarei Marriage Guidance Council, Life Line, Flatsville and the Department of Soc ial Welfare. Table 15 Northland Hospital Board psychiatric staff Year ended 31 March 1981 Staff . Pull time equivalent Psychiatrist 1 House surgeon Medical officer 0.3 (2 sessions per week -. .inpatients, outpatients

Hospital Board services 37

Senior psychologist Occupational therapist OT aid 0.5 Charge nurse 1 Staff nurses 4.5 Psychiatric district nurse 1 (charge nurse grading) Psychiatric social worker 1.5 (base 0.5,Bay of Islands 0.5, Kaitaia 6.5) Secretary 1 Total 13.8

Radiology Services The radiology departments of the Northland Hospital Board provide diagnostic xray services and ultrasound services to the community. The board has 1.9 full time equivalnt radiologists who supervise 11 radiographers at Kaitaia, Dargaville, Bay of Islands, and Northland Base Hospitals. The base hospital department also has a part time nurse. Neither of the 2 special area hospitals at Kaeo and Rawene have radiographic staff although they do have some radiographic facilities run by the general staff. The board has its most specialised equipment at the base hospital. It has 3 radiographic rooms: one general, one for screening, and one multipurpose for arteriography (using substances injected into the arteries which reflect xrays) and tomography (a technique which images tissue structures at a predetermined depth from the skin). A fourth room with an ultrasound sector scanner (a semiportable unit which instantly relays an image of the body) is due to come into operation soon. There are 2 automatic film processors, a mobile image intensifier (a machine used in operating theatres which produces moving images on a tv—like screen), 3 portable xray machines and an operating theatre.

Services for the Elderly The services for the elderly are provided by team of medical, nursing, medical social, physiotherapy and occupational therapy staff.

Hospital Board services 38

The medical social department ensures that necessary supportive domiciliary services are provided for patients such as home help and meals on wheels, and monitors how patients cope in their own homes by visiting them and offering supp9rt and friendship to the elderly and their families. At Northland Base Hospital 2 wards provide longstay and assessment services (all acute care is provided in the general wards). One important aspect of their service is to provide intermittent relief for families caring for their elderly relatives by temporary periods of admission of dependant elderly. Dargaville and Kaikohe hospitals each have a geriatric ward which provides a longstay inpatient service. In other hospitals provision is made for geriatric beds in the general wards. In Whangarei there is a day-ward for outpatients attending for assessment, rehabilitation and treatment. It has been in operation since February 1978, adapted from part of the former maternity annex. Each patient attending has an individual assessment to establish a programme of treatment, and rehabilitation of up to 20 sessions during which there is a weekly review. The programme is geared to assist the elderly to be re-established in their usual way of life with maximum independence. Patients attend the day ward 2 or 3 times a week on average. A typical daily session includes 2 half-hour physiotherapy sessions and similar oc.cupational therapy sessions. Aids within the patients house and alterations to improve access are a consideration of the occupational therapist. In Kaitaia there is a similar day ward providing a rehabilitation service for outpatients. This also caters for younger physically disabled and a few intellectually handicapped people. In Whangarei, Dargaville, Kaitaia and Kaikohe there are hospital board residential homes for the elderly. For these refer to page 17 and table 8.

Hospital Board services 39 OTHER STATUTORY AUTHORITIES

Accident Compensation Corporation

District Office Dairy House, Lower Tarewa Road Whangare i

Phone 81139

The accident compensation scheme was introduced on 1 April 1974 with three objectives: accident prevention

2 rehabilitation of accident victims 3 realistic monetary compensation The Accident Compensation Amendment Act 1980, replacing the Accident Compensation Commission by the Accident Compensation Corporation, came into effect on 1 January 1981. A new management structure was introduced and as a priority emphasis was given to the functions of accident prevention and rehabilitation.

Accident cover embracing all 3 objectives extends to everyone in New Zealand who is injured in an accident regardless of fault. It includes earners and non—earners eg. children, housewives, pensioners and overseas visitors. The accident can happen anywhere - at school, work, home, recreation or on the road.

The corporations safety role in Northland is carried out by 2 safety consultants. One covers all towns with a population of 5 000 or less (ie. all Northland except Whangarei) the other being concerned with Whangarei city and concentrating on industrial safety. Both officers deal with home safety. Their role involves accident prevention, safety promotion and investigation. They offer educational programmes and courses on safety in the home, industry and in schools. Publications and pamphlets are available on a variety of injuries and hazards.

There are also 3 rehabilitation officers who coordinate the rehabilitation and medical services available to accident victims. Geographically they divide Northland into 3 regions and Whangarei into 3 parts. They are eaøh responsible for one region of Northland and me of Whangarei. Their duties are to:

- interview injured people individually and maintain supervision throughout the rehabilitation programme, The rehabilitation officer is actively involved with people, their problems and working towards their overall rehabilitation

Statutory E, Lei

- advise people of their entitlements. The spearhead of this work is carried out in hospitals. Peripheral hospitals are visited fortnightly - liaise with government departments, doctors and health services mainly for people with disabilities - provide general public relations including speaking to groups The ACC is also concerned with increasing the occupational health services in Northland and has donated a sum of money towards the occupational health centre in Port Road Whangarei. The emphasis will be on health promotion and health education. The ACC activities in Northland are directed from the district office. The staff consists of an office manager, one senior claims officer and 3 claims officers. All claims are handled initially by the State Insurance Office in Wharigarei. The majority are dealt with locally and those claims not within the delegated authority of the district office are sent to Auckland or Wellington.

Department of Social Welfare Whangare i Location Government Life Building Robert St (opposite Chief Post Office) Phone Whangarei 89899 Dargavilie Location Supermarket Plaza Phone Dargavilie 8053 Kaitaia Locatibn Red.an.Rd Kaitaia Phone Kaitaia 780 Kaikohe Location Harrisons Building, Marino Place Phone Kaikohe 125 Statutory 41

While the Department of Social Welfare is chiefly responsible for the payment of benefits and pensions and child welfare it has an overall responsibility for the well being of the community. Social workers are available to assist with problems, home help services are provided for those in need and a range of financial benefits is available through the department. This includes a disability allowance to those of limited income who incur additional costs due to a physical or mental disability and a handicapped child allowance for children who require extra attention due to a debilitating handicap. The department is also responsible for the administration of the Disabled Persons Community Welfare Act (1975) which provides financial and other assistance for the disabled and to volun- tary and private organisations concerned with providing facilities for the community welfare of disabled people. The main provisions include family care, expenses for those undergoing treatment, alterations to homes, the provision of aids and work training.

Local Authorities Local authorities have a statutory responsibility with regard to health inspection. However, these statutory responsibilities may only form one aspect of the duties of the local body health inspector who performs a wide range of duties, many with minimal or no health involvement. In some areas the Department of Health provides health inspection services for some territorial local authorities and the local authorities pay the department for prOviding the service. The department provides health inspection services for Hobson County, Dargaville Borough, Whangaroa County and Otamatea County. The remaining local authorities in the district provide a health inspection service themselves. However, the department does have a supervisory responsibility to ensure that a satisfactory service is provided. Kaitaia Borough One full time inspector and a part time clerical assistant are employed. They are housed at the Kaitaia Borough Council offices.

Statutory 42

Bay of Islands County Two full time inspectors and one part time clerical assistant are employed. The inspectors work from the Bay of Islands County Council offices at Kawakawa. Kaikohe Borough The Borough is serviced by the Bay of Islands County Council,an office being provided by the Kaikohe Borough Council. Whangarei County One full time inspector and a part time clerical assistant are employed. Their offices are at the Whangarei County Council building at Kamo. Whangarei City The establishment for health inspectors is set at 4 comprising 3 inspectors and one trainee. Hokianga County One part time inspector is employed. Hikurangi Town Council One part time inspector is employed Mangonui County One full time health and plumbing and drainage inspector is employed.

The services provided by local authority health inspectors are mainly in the areas of environmental monitoring and control, buildings and inspection of premises. They are also concered with health education,welfare and civil defence. In the area of environmental health local authorities are concerned in particular with the monitoring and control of some sewage treatment, air pollution, noise levels, offensive trades and statutory nuisances, pest control and refuse disposal. Health inspectors comment along with departmental inspectors on environmental impact reports. The Whangarei City Council has access to a water and sewage treatment laboratory. The testing is, carried out by the councils engineering department and the results are checked by departmental inspectors.

Statutory 43

Health inspectors are involved in approval of building plans, urban renewal, substandard housing, town planning, pensioner housing and old peoples homes. The premises inspected include food premises, public swimming pools, recreation places, hair—dressers, camping grounds, boarding houses, apartment buildings, mote] 1 hote1s, other licensed premises, other sanitary works, mortuaries,funeral directors and cemeteries.

Northland United Council Location Municipal Chambers (old Town Hall) Bank St Whangarei Phone Whangarei 82579 Regional Planning Director Mr Greg limes Under the provisions of the Town and Country Planning Act 1977, united councils are responsible for regional planning and the coordination of civil defence activities. The regional planning process provides a valuable means of commun- ication and coordination for the appropriate development of resources in each region. The Northland United Council whose membership is composed of elected representatives from the territorial local authorities within Northland is preparing the first section of a Northland Regional Planning Scheme which contains an outline of the councils functions, general planning guidelines for Northland and future planning priorities of the Council. The council is concerned With such matters as the provision of social and economic opportunities appropriate to peoples needs, the provision of public utilities, the protection and management of natural resources and the future growth and development of the region. One of the councils objectives is to support provisions for increasing the efficiency of health services and to promote a healthy and safe environment for the people of Northland.

Statutory 44

Psychological Service of the Department of Education Whangare i Location McKays building 38 Water St Address Box 911 Whangarei Phone Whangarei 87677 or 87678 Kaikohe Location Harrison buildings Marino Place Address Box 466 Kaikohe Phone Kaikohe 1092 or 1102 Psychologists at the Psychological Service assist children whose progress at school or whose behaviour creates special difficulties. They deal mainly with those at the preschool, primary and secondary school levels up to school leaving age. They also help handicapped or retarded people of any age. Parental consent is required before a child can be individually assessed by the psychologist. The Whangarei office has a staff establishment of 3 who cover the area from Kaiwaka to Hukerenui coast to coast. The 2 psychologists in Kaikohe cover the area from Towai northwards. The main responsibilities of the psychologists are: - psychological assessment of children - counselling of children and their parents - acting as advisors to those concerned with the educational progress of children, including teachers and medical and social welfare workers - advising those charged with selecting children for special education - selected therapy - inservice training of teachers on aspects of child and adolescent development and on how teachers can help those with problems - involvement in research related to children - widely based professional and community education Children are referred to the Psychological Service by teachers, parents, vocational guidance officers, doctors, the Whangarei Child Health Clinic, the Society for the Intellectually Handicaped, Depart- ment of Social Welfare, plunket nurses, and public health nurses and medical officers from the Department of Health.

Statutory 45

PRIVATE AGENCIES

Dental Technicians Dental technicians are concerned with the construction, renewal, alteration or repair of dentures and of restorative and corrective dental appliances. They are principally engaged in providing technical or laboratory services to dentists, but may deal directly with the public in the repair of dentures. Table 16 Distribution of dental technicians in Northland 1981

Location Number Whangarôi 6 Kaitaia 1 Kaikohe 1

Northland 8

Northlands ratio of dental technicians to population in 1981 wasi to 14 269. The 1980 figure for NZ was 1 to 10 378. Dentists• General Practitioners

There are at present 25 dental practitioners in Northland. In 6 practices 2 or 3 dentists work together in association. They provide services for the following age groups: a preschool, primary and intermediate children - when referred by the school dental service and treated for specific problems on a fee for service basis b secondary school students aged between 13 and 18 and employed adolescents up to age 16 treated under the General Dental Benefit Scheme c adult population on a private fee for service basis. Specialists In addition there is one specialist orthodontist working full time ii both private practice and the hospital. Services Dentistry embraces the promotion and maintenance of oral health through prevention and education and the treatment of diseases and abnormalities of the teeth and their supporting tissues. Private

46

Their services include - preventive advice and services - conservation of the teeth through maintenance and restoration - the replacement of teeth with-dentures (prosthetics) - oral surgery the prevention and correction of irregularities of the teeth and jaws (orthodontics) - treatment of diseases occurring in the gums and tissue supporting the teeth (periodontics) - treatment of diseases and injuries affecting the nerve and surrounding soft tissue (endodontics). In addition, some practitioners provide a variety of anaesthetic and sedative services. Facilities - All practices have modern fully equipped multiple surgeries with modern equipment including a full range of xray facilities, high and . lbw speed hand pieces, suction, air and water spray systems. In addition to these there are waiting rooms, offices, storage space and laboratory facilities. - Table 17 Distribution of general dental practitioners in Northland December 1981 Location Number Whangarei 12 Dargaville 3 Kerikeri 3 Kaitaia 3 Paihia 2 Kawakawa 1 Kaikohe - 1• Northland 25

This gives Northland a ratio of general dental practitioners to population in 1981 of 1 to 4 566. The 1980 figure for New Zealand was 1 to 3 378.

Private 47

General Medical Practitioners

The nature of the general practitioners role

General practitioners (GPs) aim to help their patients adapt physically, socially and psychologically to their environment. They may also use their status to help patients change their environment. Their concern goes beyond the need for treat- ment of an illness into examining all aspects of patients problems. In the past GPs have often provided care for a whole family over a long period of time but this occurs less nowadays because of the increasing mobility of the population.

A GPs primary responsibility is to a patient and his or her family. Responsibility to the community is normally secondary, only becoming paramount when the patient has problems which may threaten other people such as a dangerous mental illness or a highly infectious disease. GPs have a great diversity of styles, personalities and practice organisation. This enables patients to find a style of practice which suits their needs.

Specific activities

- Treatment of episodic acute illness, from myocardial infarction at one extreme to minor respiratory infections at the other. - Treatment of chronic illness eg ischaemic heart disease, diabetes, hypertension, gout, long term psychiatric illness. - Obstetric care.

- Preventive medicine such as immunisation, antenatal care, screening for hypertension, prophylactic advice, early detection of illness.

- Education of patients about health and disease on a one to one basis eg. instruction on breast self- examination. - Referral to: a the appropriate specialist if necessary b non-medical health workers eg. physiotherapists, occupational therapists, social workers, nurses o voluntary organisations such as Alcoholics Anonymous and Weight Watchers.

Private 48

- Family planning advice. - Minor surgery such as removal of lumps and moles. - Providing 24 hour cover for urgent problems. - Treatment for accidents of all kinds not severe enough to require hospital services. - Counselling of individuals, families and married couples. - Anaesthetics is undertaken as a speciality by some GPs. - Involvement in GP vocational training. This applies only to some practices. - Acting as an advocate for patients to maintain the quality of care administered by various bodies. - Using their status to manipulate certain features of a patients environment such as installation of telephones, improving housing quality, advocating special conditions at school. - Involvement in planning health and medical services eg. membership of NZ Medical Association, government and hospital board committees. - Industrial medicine - advice on the design and safety of machinery, working conditions, pre-employment screening etc. - Involvement with community groups concerned with health eg. St John Ambulance, Alcoholics Anonymous, Asthma Society. - Lectures and instruction to interested groups such as St John Ambulance and Plunket. - Legal medicine and police medical services. - Carrying out various legal responsibilities - death certificates, certification of people as mentally ill or addicted to drugs etc. - Continuing medical education - journals, lectures, seminars, post-graduate courses.

Private 49

Table 18 Distribution of GPs in Northland excluding the Hokianga and Whangaroa special areas December 1981

Location full time part time

Kaitaia 5 1 Coopers Beach 1 Kerikeri 3 - - - Paihia 1 Opua 1 Russell 1 Kaikohe 2 1 Moerewa 2 Kawakawa 3 Ngunguru. 1 Hikurangi 1 1 Whangarei 23 3 Ruakaka 1 Waipu 1 Dargaville . 6 - 1 Ruawai 1 Paparoa 1 Maungaturoto I Northland 53 9

The 62 GPs represent 57.5 full time equivalents. The Northland ratio of fte GPs to population in 1981 was 1 : 1 864. The NZ figure in 1981 was 1 : 2 092.

Medical Specialists Table 19 gives an estimate of the full time equivalents of private specialists in Northland. Where specialists work part time , in hospitals the full time equivalent given is the time spent in hospitals subtracted from one.

Private 50

Table 19 Northland private medical specialists Full time equivalents year ended 31 March 1981

Specialt5w. Number Estimated time in private specialty in full time equivalents

Anaesthetics 3 .3

Dermatology 1 .7

Obstetrics and gynaecology 2 .4

Ophthalmology 1 .5

Orthopaedic surgery 2 .6

Otolaryngology 1 .5

Paediatrics 2 .6

Pathology 2 .6

Physical medicine 1 .2

Radiology 1 1.0 General surgery 3 .5 Urology 1 .2 Total 20 6.1

Northland Pathology Laboratory There is one private medical laboratory in Whangarei. The staff include 2 pathologists, 4 medical technologists, 2 full time nurses, 3 part time nurses, 10 laboratory assistants, one full time receptionist and one part time receptionist. The laboratory occupies 280 square metres in leased premises in the National Mutual Building in James Street. It has the usual range of equipment including one automatic blood cell counting apparatus, one digital haemoglobinometer, 7 centrifuges, .2 oscillatory blood mixers, one automatic colorimeter, one manual spectro- photometer, one automatic chemical analysis system, one electrophoresis apparatus, and appropriate ancillary apparatus and chemicals. Virtually all diagnostic services which are provided fall under social security health benefits.

Private 51

Northland Radiology Laboratory

Northlands only private i(ray firm is located in Alexander Street, Whangarei. It employs 3 radiographers, 1 technician and 2.5 receptionists. The building, owned freehold, has 2 xray plants each located in its own room, 2 automatic processors and 4 changing rooms. Patients are referred to the laboratory through either GPs or specialists. The government pays a subsidy to private laboratories according to the type of examination carried out.

Occupational Health Nurses The function of the occupational health nurse encompasses a number of different areas - both clinical and preventive work, counselling, rehabilitation, health education and training and concern with the conditions of the working environment. There are 6 occupational health nurse positions in private industry in Northland. These are at NZ Window Glass Ltd, Hellabys freezing works, Portland Cement Company in Whangarei, NZ Refining Company at Marsden Point and 2 at AFFCO freezing works in Moerewa. With the expansion of the refinery it is proposed that an occupational health unit will be developed there. This will employ one full time and possibly one part time nurse. The occupational health nurse adapts her programme to serve the health needs of the work force with respect to type of industry, location and company. The services they provide include:

- clinical care, covering minor illnesses and injuries as well as major medical emergencies - preventive care, based on periodic health interviews, screening and immunisations - counselling and the provision of stress management programmes

- rehabilitation of employees on their return to work after illness or accident - health education and training of first aid workers.

A significant component of the occupational health nurses role is the maintenance of liaison and communication with both management and labour in all areas of health education and safety. It is also important for the nurse to regularly walk around the workplace, to familiarise herself with working conditions and to make herself accessible to the workers.

Private 52

Optometrists Six full time optometrists practise in Northland. Five operate from 3 practices in Whangarei, the other working in Kaitaia. Each full time optometrist provides more than 2 000 consultations each year. Optometrists from 2 of the Whangarei practices visit 4 other towns. Contact numbers for these are:

Dargaville (visited weekly) phone Dargaville 814. Kawakawa (fortnightly) phone Kawakawa 225 Kaikohe (fortnightly) phone Kaikohe 256 Kerikeri (fortnightly) phone Kerikeri 78003 Services provided by the optometrist include: - examinations to determine the presence of vision defects or malfunctions - prescribing lenses and optical aids for detected vision problems - advising on exercises to preserve, restore or improve vision efficiency - examinations to ascertain the health status of. the eye. If an eye disease is detected the patient is referred to an ophthalmologist - supplying and servicing of prescribed optical aids. Low vision aids for the partially sighted, industrial vision consultation and education on eye safety are further services that optometrists offer.

Northlands ratio of optometrists to population in 1981 was 1 tO 19 026. The New Zealand figure for 1980 was 1 to 13 015.

Pharmacists Pharmacists are responsible for the procurement, safekeeping and dispensing of prescription medicines, including danger— cue drugs as well as the sale of non—prescription medicines. The pharmacist plays an important role in advising on the use of, and disseminating information about medicines to general practitioners and, increasingly, to the public. Northland has the equivalent of 58.5 pharmacists who are located in 18 towns throughout the area, the only major, locality without a pharmacist being the Kaiwaka/Mangawhai area.

Private 53

Physiotherapists Physiotherapy is the treatment of injury and disability using physical or electrical means. Aims: To assist in patient rehabilitation and restoration of function, helping them regain or increase their abilities. To educate people in the prevention of injury. To foster public awareness of the importance of sound physical health. Table 20 Northland private physiotherapists by location August 1981. Location Full time Part time Kaikohe 1

Moerewa 1

Kerikeri 1

Whangare i 4 Waipu 2 Maungaturoto 1 Northland 6 4

This gives approximately 8 full time equivalent private physiotherapists in Northland, with a ratio to the areas population in 1981 of 1 to 14 270. The New Zealand ratio in 1980 was 1 to 10 607.

Podiatrists The podiatrist diagnoses and treats disorders of the foot using physical therapy techniques for relief of some conditions as well as making and fitting corrective appliances. This involves treatment for all foot ailments including corns and bunions, dressings for the relief of painful excretions and advice on how to prevent conditions recurring.Malalignments and weaknesses in the foot can be treated by the use of supports. Patients with conditions suggesting an underlying physical weakness or organic problem which may require medical treatment are referred to a medical practitioner. Since 1970 New Zealand has had a 3 year training course at the Central Institute of Technology leading to the diploma in podiatry.

Private 54

There are 2 full time podiatrists in Northland. Services are provided on a fee for service basis. Patients may be referred by general practitioners and by district nurses and are visited in their homes when necessary. Mrs Geursen can be contacted forappointments at Coutts Chemist in Whangarei (phone 83 139). She visits the elderly in Selwyn Park Home every 4 weeks and Kamo Home and Potter Memorial Home every 5 - 6 weeks. She provides a regular service at Northland Base Hospital one day a fortnight primarily for the long stay geriatric patients but she also visits the other wards whenever necessary. Mrs Geursen spends one day every 2 months at Kaitai.a Hospital where patients are referred by district nurses and public health nurses. These services are paid, for by the hospital board. Mr Edmondson can be contacted in Whangarei(phone 88 429). He also visits the far north 2 days a week. Other areas he visits are: Dargaville - first Tuesday each month (Vodanovich Pharmacy phone 8325) Maungaturoto - first Thursday every second month Kaikohe - second and fourth Tuesday each month (Marino Medical Centre phone 256) Kerikeri - second Wednesday each month (Kerikeri Pharmacy phone 78003) Paihia - third Tuesday each month (Paihia Pharmacy phone 27034) Kaeo - fourth Tuesday each month (Kaeo Hospital phone 48) Coopers Beach -.fourth Tuesday each month (Mangonui Pharmacy phone 44A) Kaitaia - fourth Wednesday each month(Kaitaia Pharmacy phone 27S) Residents of Puriri Lodge in Kaikohe are seen once a month and those at Switzer Home in Kaitaia are seen as required.

Practice Nurses There are 54 practice nurses in Northland, which makes them the largest group of community based nurses in the area. A practice nurse is employed by a general medical practitioner and her work varies according to the general practitioners concept of her role, his expectations of her, and her experienbe and skill. Her functions include prevention, treatment, rehabilitation and delegated medical care for those seeking the services of the practice.

Private 55

Specific services.she may provide include: - Preparation of the patient prior to medical consultation - weight recording, urine testing etc. - Carrying out activities specified by the GP eg. taking blood samples and ECGs and providing treatments such as dressings and injections. - Acting as a person of first contact by dealing with calls of a medical nature. Immunisation of both ,children and adults. - Maintenance of files of laboratory results - xrays, letters, ECGs etc (this is sometimes done by a nurse receptionist). - Assistance with small operations and procedures such as IUDs, diaphragms, surgical removals. - Helpingwith emergencies both in and out of the surgery. - Ensuring adequate supplies of drugs, equipment and stock. - Maintenance of equipment. - Supervision in consultation with GP of chronic conditions such as diabetes, asthma and hypertension. - Home visits - emergency calls and social visits to the elderly and chronically ill.. - Prevention and health education, including informing patients about help provided by voluntary agencies. - Liaison with other nursing groups - district, plunket and public health nurses.

Shalom Shalom is a private rest home situated at 62 Mill Road Whangarei. It aims to provide a high quality home environment for elderly people and is run as much as possible as an extended home. The home is licensed to accommodate 9 people. It caters for predominantly long stay residents from the independent and mobile to the terminally ill. Short stay accommodation is offered when beds are available. Current residents range in age from 79 to 96 years old.

Private 56

Shalom provides 24 hour nursing supervision. It is staffed by 2 full time registered nurses and 3 part timehome aids who assist with cooking and cleaning. The house doctor visits monthly although residents may retain their own GP if they wish. There are 4 bedrooms with residents sharing rooms. Facilities include a lounge/dining room, 2 bathrooms with separate shower and bath, and 3 toilets, which accommodate wheelchairs. Every resident has an individual call bell and the home has emergency lighting. Residents are encouraged to make useof community services such as Day Ward 10 at the base hospital and the Civilian Maimed Association.

Private 57

VOLUNTARY ORGANISATIONS

Aged, Widows and Invalids Beneficiaries Association Kaikohe branch

President Mrs Wharerau phone Kaikohe 876

Secretary Mrs Maxwell phone Kaikohe 1057 Ngawha Springs branch

President Mr Searell phone Rawene 736

Secretary Mrs Hall phone Kaikohe 244

Caretaker Mrs Shepherd phone Kaikohe 952 X

Location Ngawha Springs Flats The Aged, Widows and Invalids Beneficiaries Association aims to assist the aged, to work in the interests of the widowed and to help the invalid in all ways to improve their wellbeing and welfare. The Kaikohe branch and Ngawha Springs branch are affiliated with the Aational body. Meetings are held monthly and outings and bus trips are arranged for branch members. The main function of the association is to administer the flats at Ngawha Springs which were established for the benefit of the disabled and those suffering from arthritis. These are available to any N Z member of AWl. There are 2 flats (with 2 bedrooms each) which accommodate a total of 8 people and 3 double flats which accommodate a total of 6 people. Rental is limited to a maximum period of one month. The resident caretaker is responsible for the running and maintenance of the flats and for booking arrangements. A government subsidy assisted with the initial building of the flats. Funding comes from the rental and each branch raises funds through stalls, a street appeal and donations.

Al-Anon, Al-Ateen Contacts Pearl phone Whangarei 84 368 Doreen phone Whangarei 61 036 Al-non groups aim to help friends and families of compulsive drinkers who are in any way affected by that persons drinking.

Voluntary 58

The groups offer hope, comfort and friendship and provide the opportunity for people to develop a spiritual basis for their lives to allow them to cope with other peoples drinking problems. They are essentially supportive and offer mutual help through sharing of experiences. They do not exist to provide advice. Anyone who seeks help can,be assured that confidentiality will be maintained. There is one group operating permanently in Whangarei which meets each Wednesday evening. One of the members has attended a training course to help her deal with teenagers with drinking problems. Any teenagers who want help can contact Doreen at the number above.

Alcoholics Anonymous Whangare I Phone Whangarei 87 481 (24 hour service) Contacts Cyril, Don, Ron, Andrea, Nell, Janet Dargaville Contacts Tom Phone Dargaville 7188 Keith Phone Dargaville 8590 Kaikohe Contacts Jean Phone Kaikohe 413 Dennis Phone Kaikohe 2771V1 Paihia Contacts Mike Phone Russell 604 Jeff Phone Paihia 27 030 Northland has 4 formal groups of PA, these being in Whangarei, Dargaville, Kaikohe and Paihia. Some support is available in Kerikeri and Kaitaia although no formal groups exist there. The groups hold weekly meetings, the Whangarei group meeting Monday nights at 8 oclock in Markwick House, Norfolk Street. A problem drinker is any person who suffers detrimental effects from alcohol consumption or whose actions cause suffering for family and friends.. Such a person is considered to need help from AA Members assist and support each other by sharing experiences and gaining an understanding of the nature of alcoholism. The most important steps are acceptance of being an alóoholic and regular attendance at PA meetings.

Voluntary An assessment can be arranged at the alcohol unit at Northland Base Hospital. Those who require treatment outside Northland are usuaüy referred to Wolfe Home in Auckland, and a few may choose to go to Queen Mary Hospital in Canterbury. Temporary accommodation may be given for a night at 111 Bank Street and members visit homes and hospitals as required. Talks are given to community groups and secondary schools as requested: Funding comes purely from AA members themselves, with collections held at the weekly meetings. The aim of this is to encourage reliance on their own resources and thus develop confidence in themselves to tackle their problem. The General Services Office in Wellington, the national office of AA, receives funds from branches throughout the country to maintain office and staff and to print a monthly magazine called "Mainstay".

Arthritis and Rheumatism Foundation Northland Division

Location Community Care Centre Bank Street Whangarei

Address Box 4112 Kamo Whangarei Hours 10am - 3pm, Monday - Friday Phone Whangarei 83 741 President Mr Sanderson phone Whangarei 82 135 Secretary Mrs Bessie Faithfull phone Whangarei 83 741 Contacts in other centres Dargaville Mrs D Geraghty phone Dargaville 7481 Kaikohe Mrs M Gill phone Kaikohe 382 The Arthritis and Rheumatism Foundation aims to advise and support those people affected by arthritis and rheumatism and to provide an educational service to increase public awareness. The Northland Division has a committee of approximately 27, responsible for business and administration and the organisation of public meetings. A patient education subcommit- tee organises seminars for the public and general practitioners. The socialwelare group looks after the social needs of members and friends through social afternoons, with guest speakers and social outings. Northland membership stands at approximately 620.

Voluntary M.

Members are encouraged to call in for information or for a chat and a cuppa. The Field Officer Mrs Mary Hawker works from this office. She maintains liaison between members, patients, general practitioners, the occupational therapy and physiotherapy departments at hospitals and with the foundation subcommittees. Her activities include visiting members at home, assisting where necessary with advice and referral for services such as home help or meals on wheels and speaking to-interested groups. A social function is held twice monthly at the Red Cross rooms Dent Street Whangarei. Social groupshave been formed in Dargaville and Kaikohe, each with their own small committee, which are part of the Northland Division. They have social afternoons and raise money for local activities. The Dargaville group meets on the third Friday of each month in the ambulance hail. The Kaikohe group meets on the fourth Monday of each month at the senior citizens hail. The division runs seminars each year in Whangarei, Dargaville and Kaikohe on "living with arthritis" and public meetings are held with overseas speakers. A variety of fund raising activities are held such as a lottery, the sale of badges and a trading table. Funds are also raised through membership fees and the annual street appeal.

Asthma Society Northland Branch President Mrs M Milburn Secretary. Mrs Pat Searle phone Whangarei 81583 (work) New Zealand has a high incidence of asthma sufferers - about 1 in 10 of our population is affected to some degree. The Asthma Society assists, advises and educates asthma sufferers and their families. The latest information on medicines and their usage is distributed among its members, with support being given by pharmaceutical firms in the form of demonstrations and films. Teaching is given on physiotherapy techniques so that asthma sufferers can employ the most beneficial forms of exercise. Swimming lessons are normally held. over the winter months on a weekly basis and , are attended by instructors from the local swimming club. Asthmatic children from Northland, accompanied by 2 helpers, are able to attend a holiday camp at Eastern Beach in Auckland in January.

Voluntary 61

The Northland branch is ran by a committee of 12 which organises public meetings at 2 or 3 monthly intervals. Half of the small subscription goes to the NZ Asthma Society which is based in Wellington. The national society publishes a magazine called Timohu l several times a year. The Asthmatic Foundation has recently been set up in Wellington to undertake research into the ailment. The local society has one of its medical advisors as a member of the foundation. Finance for the society is raised mainly through fund raising schemes organised by its members every second year. Donations from the public also play an important part and a small subscription is charged to the members,

Birthright. Northland Branch

Location Community Care Centre Bank Street Whangare i

Address Box 7 Whangarei Phone Whangarei 83 165 President Mr Len Hersey

Secretary Mrs Erin Sprey

Birthright is a national organisation formed to give advice, guidance and assistance to families Where the support of one parent is no longer available. The Northland branch is headed by a president and an executive committee, assisted by a secretary. Birthright has 11 family visitors which includes members of the executive committee. They act as friends and helpers to those in need, and believe that having someone call on a regular basis to offer emotional support and practical assistance benefits both parents and children. If they encounter problems outside their scope they enlist professional help to deal with them. The family visitors give assistance with educational and legal matters and provide grocery vOuchers, school uniforms and tuition fees for children.

Birthright works in close cooperation with other agencies in Whangarei, for example. Flatsville, Prisoners Aid and Rehabilitation Society and the Department of Social Welfare. They also receive assistance from local service clubs.

The families they deal with can be divided into 4 groups of which unmarried mothers make up the smallest. The largest group is composed of families where the marriage has broken down but has not been legally resolved. Widowed parents make up the next largest group and families with Voluntary 62

divorced parents the third largest. Funding comes from avariety of sources. The main ones are the L W Nelson Trust, the lottery fund, Birthright NZ Inc and donations. There is a house which is used for storage purposes and looked after by a caretaker.

Cancer Society Auckland Division Liaison Officer, Northland Mr Ken Hall

Phone Kaitaia 1174S

Address Box 270 Kaitaia The Auckland Division is one of 6 divisions of the-Cancer Society of New Zealand Inc and includes Northlarc3, Auckld, Thames—Coromandel, Waihi—Paeroa and Gisborne. It is a non—profit organisation which receives its funds from donations, legacies, bequests and memberships. A voluntary executive committee is responsible for the activities of the division. To promote research into prevention and treatment the Auckland Division maintains its own cancer research laboratory which is located in the Auckland School of Medicine. Summaries of all research projects are included in the annual report. In Northland the division has a liaison officer based in Kaiaia whose salary and travelling expenses are paid by the society. This is a new appointment which commenced in June 1981. He coordinates his activities with the medical social worker and visits people in their homes to assess their needs. Help is given in the form of night nursing care, short term family relief and petrol vouchers for families who travel for treatment. The society also provides financial assistance in cases of need. The Auckland Division owns and operates a lodge close to Auckland Hospital where out of town patients and their families can stay while receiving outpatient treatment. Another main part of the liaison officers function is education in the field of prevention and early detection. He arranges evening talks and educational programmes in the local community and through service clubs.

Catholic Social Services Neighbourhood community groups:

Voluntary 63

Tikipunga Phone Whangarei 70664

One rahi Phone Whangarei 60126

Kamo Phone Whangarei 51237 Catholic Social Services is a subcommittee of the Whangarel Parish Council. It has formed neighbourhood community groups in the three areas of Whangarei listed above. The groups, while independent, are coordinated by the Whangarei Parish Council. Each group aims to provide social services for particular sections of their local community such as young people and the elderly and has set up subgroups to provide assistance for each of these. The subgroups are composed of volunteers who provide personal help with for example transport and meals on wheels. St Vincent de Paul Society looks after immediate material needs. Some people may be referred elsewhere for further help. Anybody can ask for help - the service is not confined to Catholics.

The Supervisor of Domiciliary Nursing at Northland Base Hospital and Meals an Wheels are contacted regularly to help identify people needing help. People who are in key positions in social services such as Prisoners Aid and Rehabilitation Society, Citizens Advice Bureau and Pregnancy Support are also sources of information about people who might need help.

Child Abuse Prevention Society

President Mr J Corkill

Secretary Mrs D Daly phone Whangarei 50652

Parent Help Phone Whangarei 88852 The society aims to focus public awareness on the incidence of child abuse, to introduce measures to prevent this abuse as far as possible and to develop a system of help for parents and children in difficulty. The local society was formed in 1980 and is one of a number of similar organisations throughout the country. Each local spciety is independent and no national coordinating body exists as yet although the National Council on Child Abuse in Wellington may play a part in establishing such a body.

Voluntary 64

The society hopes to fulfil its educative role by sponsoring publicity and articles in the media and by arranging seminars for interested people. Small groups are approached for pre and post natal discussions. The society hopes to produce a statistical analysis of the incidence of child abuse in Northland. This will be done probably in association with the University of Auckland either directly or through the local community college. The society is compiling a directory of the large number of other organisations with which they will be , cooperating. This directory will be mainly for their own use but will be available to anyone who wants it. A telephone help service has been established under the name Parent Help. This service aims to provide support for parents who need help and to create a situation where .abused children are made safe • The action taken may range from removing the chil d from the home at one extreme to simply calming down the parents at the other. Life Line receives the calls and makes the initial decision about what to. do which willgenerally involve direct contact with an appropriate person in Parent Help but may mean referral t o some other organisation. Fund raising will take place probably in the form of appeals to appropriate bodies such as trusts, local bodies and government organisations. Through the training schemes run by the Department of Labours special employment programme the society has permission to have a paid coordinator for one year while.they are setting themselves up on a more permanent basis.

Child Cancer Foundation Auckland Division, Kaitaia Branch Address Box 430 Kaitaia

President Mrs L McCarthny Phone Kaitaia 592

Secretary Mr R Irving Phone Kaitaia 762 The Child , Cancer Foundation is concerned with the special needs of children with cancer and their families. Based in Auckland the foundation was formed with the following. aims:

Voluntary 65

- to assist patients and their families

- to assist with education about child cancer for the family, professional workers and the public

- to work towards the establishment of a new compre- hensive childrens hospital in Auckland - to encourage the exchange of information by sponsoring visits by New Zealand and overseas specialists - to assist with research

Kaitaia has its own committee which meets monthly. It offers help to parents said families through a network of supporters, often from others undergoing similar. stress. The foundation provides assistance with accommodation and travel expenses and financial assistance where needed. It aims to assist children with cancer and their families to make their lives as normal as possible.

Members of the committee are also involved in education to increase public awareness. They have spoken to many groups and service clubs in Kaitaia and hope to set up other support groups in out lying areas. The foundation is administered by a voluntary board comprising lay and professional people which is assisted by a medical committee. Funds for thfoundations activities are raised through donations, bequests, sale of summer hats, staging of fashion parades, raffles, stalls and other functions. Close contact is maintained with the Cancer Society liaison officer and the Crippled Children Society field officer, both based in Kaitaia.

Citizens Advice Bureau Whangarei Location Community Care Centre Bank St Whangarei Address Box 15 Whangarei Hours 9 am - .4.30 pm, Mon - Fri Phone Whangarel 88046, 88043 The Citizens Advice Bureau (CAB) is the responsibility of the Whangarei Council of Social Services. Its functions are:

Voluntary - to help any person with information and advice on any matter they care to bring - to provide information regarding the community social services available from the various organisations and agencies - to give advice regarding organisations requiring volunteers and accept offers of service in community social work - to keep up to date records of all community social service organisations and their contact points.

Essentially it is a referral service. It offers friendly, confidential free advice and assistance to anyone needing help. The problems people bring in or telephone in listened to and then the alternatives are explained. Often there is a range of government and voluntary agencies available to give assistance. People choose the agency that they feel will best meet their need. Matters of concern include consumer enquiries, services for senior citizens, short term emergency accommodation, budgeting and matters of a general social nature. A free legal advice, service is offered on Saturday mornings from 10 am to 12 noon. Lawyers give their time on a voluntary basis.

The bureau is staffed by a convenor, a secretary and trained voluntary workers who work on a roster basis. Two staff are available at all times. Their rooms contain a reception area, office and interview room. During the year ending July 1981 3341 calls were received on a wide range of subjects.

Civilian Maimed Association Northland Branch

President Mr McLeod phone Whangarei 72481

Secretary Mrs Cranch phone Whangarei 81910 The Civilian Maimed Association (CMA) aims to assist by the most effective means the social rehabilitation of adult persons unable to cope fully with employment or normal daily living by reason of diminished physical or mental capacity however caused. CMA aims to establish and support day centres where guests are offered a wide range of craft activities such as cane work, painting, poker work, leather work, sewing and knitting.

There is a friendly comfortable atmosphere, with morning tea provided at the beginning of a typical CMA day at 10 am. Lunch is also served, with most day centres

Voluntary 67 asking for a small cover charge. Day centres usually close mid—afternoon. Northland CMA operates 17 day centres, 6 in Whangarei, 2 in Dargaville and one each in.T6 Kopuru, Bream Bay, Omapere, Kaikohe, Kaitaia, Maungaturoto, Mangawhai, Paparoa and Moerewa/Kawakawa. These are held once a week, usually in community halls, and cater for over 400 guests. Guests are normally referred to a CMA. assessor from a doctor, district nurse, occupational therapist, physiotherapist or other source. The assessor uses her judgement in deciding whether a proposed guest might benefit from CMA facilities and makes the necessary arrangements.

Centres aim for a ratio of one voluntary helper to one guest • Voluntary staff at day centres consist of a supervisor and helpers in the kitchen and at the craft tables. Transport can in some cases be arratged for guests but they are encouraged to make their own arrangements. In the Whangarei area the OMA operates a wheelchair ambulance which was donated to the branch. Donations also assist with the running and maintenance of the ambulance.

Court Aid, Prisoners Aid and Rehabilitation Society

President Mrs Jean Dufty Secretary/Treasurer Mrs Rose Jensen Phone Whangarei 88202 Court Aid and the Prisoners Aid and Rehabilitation Society (PARS), run by the same group of people, operate in se parate but closely related areas of concern. Court Aid works through the legal system and helps accused people before their appearances in court. Legal aid forms are completed and Court Aid volunteers work with reference to the duty solicitors. Prisoners are seen in their cells and are brought books, tobacco and clothes.

PARS looks after sentenced inmates and those returned from prison and their wives and families. It aims to provide stability and security by ensuring that the appropriate benefits are received and by helping with clothes, grocery orders and budgeting. In practice however the society looks after a wide variety of people. PeQple who lack a secure background

Voluntary often visit the societys house and receive active encouragement which increases their self esteem and self reliance. Temporary accommodation is provided for those in urgent need, for example for members of families who are experiencing marital problems.

The two organisations are coordinated by a committee which includes a legal executive, a budgeting advisor, a police sergeant, a city councillor and staff from the house. Voluntary staff number about eight. PARS also has an alcohol counsellor and people from the Periodic Detention Centre provide practical help such as mowing lawns. The society works in closely with the police.

OHara House at 111 Bank St Whangarei acts as the focus for the activities of Court Aid and PARS. It has its rates remitted by the Whangarei City Council and its power by the Department of Social Welfare. Finance comes from community donatiOns and from the national body of PARS in Wellington.

Crippled Children Society Auckland Branch, Northland Subcentre

Location Busck Memorial Centre, 295 Kaino Road Whangarei

Address Box 8035 Kensington

Phone Whangarei 71214 Sec retary/Manáger Mr E Parker

Field Officers Mrs L McInnes Whangarei, Mr Ken Murray Kaitaia The aim of the Crippled Children Society (CCS) is to ensure that those with handicaps receive proper help and treatment. Support, encouragement and advice is given to parents of handicapped people, and the society maintains links with the handicapped through their teenage and adult years. Referrals can be made by. doctors, teachers, social workers, the Department of Health, hospital staff or by any member of the community. Assistance is given to those who wish to purchase their own car. Parents receive other types of financial assistance for example fares, specialist referral fees and footwear expenses. Requests are considered and recommendations made by the Cases Committee to the 21

Voluntary member Executive Committee. Kaitaia and Kaikohe each have a committee made up of service clubs and other interested people. These have an advisory function and also allocate funds upon recommendation of the Field Officer. In addition they have a fund raising function in their areas.

The society supervises 300 people in the Northland area, it employs 2 full time field officers, each with a car. One is based in Whangarei and covers the area from Wellsford to Ohaeawai. The other is based in Kaitaia, spending part of his time with the Society for the Intellectually Handicapped and covering all of the far north, east to Kerikeri and part of Hokanga County. An honorary orthopaedic surgeon holds a weekly clinic at Kaitaia Hospital which is attended when necessary by people who are registered with the saciety. The Nort1land subcentre has a full time secretary/ manager and a part time clerical assistant in Whangarei. The office complex comprises a reception area, offices for the field officer, manager and secretary, a meeting room, workroom, storage room and a clinic. It is built with wheelchair access in mind, with ramps and wide doorways between rooms.

At the rear of the building 1.5 hectares of land has been developed as a horticultural project with vegetables and flowers being grown. It is envisaged that the gardens will he self supporting in the future, perhaps being the regular supplier to an institution. A roadside stall was set up recently and proved very successful. Other organisations such as the Salvation Army receive supplies without charge. Workers from the Department of Labour Work Skills Development Programme are assisting in developing thei area and an additional shed for potting plants w ll soon be built there. It is intended that soon all work will be done by members of the OCS, which will provide employment opportunities for them as well as training them for return to work in the community.

There are plans for a hostel to be built in the future. This will be attached to the rear of the office building and will provide residential care for about 8 people. A house next door to the centre, already owned by CCS, will be used by the hostel matron. The most recent project is Operation Mobility which allows handicapped drivers and passengers parking and stopDing privileges to help compensate for their difficulties. So far over 300 passes have been issued.

V luntary 70

An innovation is the issue to disabled drivers of a breakdown flag which can be hung out the window of a car to signify that a disabled driver requires assistance.

The society also publishes a manual "Access Organisation" as part of its programme to remove architectural barriers. This contains information and advice on design codes and legislation, building for the disabled, home. alterations and recreation. A copy of the manual is sent to architects and it is made.availableto local authorities. CCS will supply a copy on request.

Funding comes from membership fees, bequests, school appeals, business appeals, house to house collections and grants. Committee members organise bazaars, stalls, clothing sales etc to complement fund raising activities.

Diabetes Society Auckland Society, Northland Branch

Contact Dawn Beehre phone Whangarei 60887

The work of the Diabetes Society is threefold - to help diabetics lead full and active lives, to carry out activities which promote earlier detection and treatment, and to make the public more aware of the nature of diabetes.

The Auckland society is part of a national organisation based in Wellington, the New Zealand Diabetes Association. In 1980 the New Zealand Diabetes Foundation was set up to concentrate upon education and research. Members of the association automatically become members of the foundation. The Northland branch currently has over 80 members, which constitutes approximately one third of diabetics in the area.

The society holds several meetings a year in Whangarei in the St John Ambulance Association Hall and invites guest speakers along to talk on different aspects of diabetes. Some youngsters are sent each year to Auckland to attend the diabetes camp which aims to teach children how to cope with diabetes. In Whangarei the society sets lip a caravan in themall as part of an effort towards earlier detection, particularly of relatives of .diabetics, and a publicity booth was set up in 1980 at the Whangarei A & P Show. Family day outings are held which anyone with an interest in diabetes can attend.

Voluntary 71

Funds come primarily from a street appeal and donations. A portable blood glucose monitor has been bought by the society. It provides on the spot testing of blood glucose levels and is available to members on a loar. basis. it is hoped to purchase another of these when finance becomes available.

Family Care Address Box 434 Whangarei Chairman and Statutory Manager Rev H G Bowyer Secretary Mrs P Miller phone Whangarei 60904 Supervising Social Worker Mrs M E Jones Northland Family Care was established after a public meeting in 1979, the International Year of the Child. A grant received from the child health Telethon and generous donations from a local Rotary club and the Catholic church enabled the organisation to become an incorporated society and to receive capitation allowances for fostering children. Family Care endeavours to provide assistance to families with children when help is required. To do this it may arrange temporary or long term foster care for children and in every case the aim is to improve the home situation so that the children may return to their natural parents. When children are fostered it is by agreement with the parents who are expected to make some financial arrangement while their children are being cared for. A supervising social worker keeps in close touch with nine voluntary social workers and assign8 families to their care with the parents agreement. She also maintains regular contact with those on a list of prospective foster homes. Normally any first request for assistance is made through her. The Family Care Committee meets monthly and at other times when required. Three members of the committee consult With the supervising social worker regarding her work. If any families are discussed within the committee care is taken to preserve anonymity. The organisation works in close association with officers of the Department of Social Welfare and maintains liaison with other voluntary societies such

Voluntary 72 as Birthright, the Foster Care Association, and the Child Abuse Prevention Society. A publicity campaign is being undertaken to increase public awareness and support of Family Cares aims and activities.

Family Planning Association Whangarei Branch Location Mavis Hurrey Memorial Clinic first floor AA Mutual Building Vine St Whangarei Hours lOam - 3 pm, Mon - Fri

Phone Whangarei 81986 The Family Planning Association is an organisation which maintains that everyone has a basic right to family planning information, education and services. The clinic was established in Whangarei in 1961, the present premises being set up in 1976 with the assistance of local Organisations and fundraising by the association committee. It is a tribute to the late Mavis Hurrey a foundation member of the association in Whangarei. It is staffed on a part time basis by 3 women doctors who have received specialist training in family planning, 3 nurses and 3 receptionists. The clinic contains 2 surgeries, a waiting room, a dispensary and a spare room. Clinics are held on Tuesday and Thursday during office hours and alternate Wednesday evenings from 7.30 -9-00 pm. A wide range of services is available and all advice is strictly confidential. Advice is given on contraception and infertility, breast examination, cervical smears, sexual problems, pregnancy testing and counselling and menopause counselling. Many women have personal reasons that prevent them discussing these matters with their family doctor. Husbands and boyfriends are encouraged to attend and advice is available on contraception and vasectomies. Parents can request information on sex education for their children. There is also an educational branch with members available for talking to school groups. Consultations are on a fee for service basis, a fee being charged to cover overheads ($5 first visit, $4 fallow up visits). Eighty percent of the staff wages are paid by central government.

Voluntary. 73

In 1980. atotal of 1800 people attended the clinic in Whangarei.

Federation of Sports Medicine President Mr M Ford Sec retary/Treasurer Mrs Pat Seárle phone Whangarei 81583 . ( work) The Northland branch of the federation was formed in July 1981 and a committee of six has been elected. The federations aims are to prevent injuries, provide treatment for injuries that do occur and to promote research into the causes, treatment and prevention of sports injuries. The committee plans to hold seminars each year to educate all those interested in sport.

Flatsville Trust

Location 31 Vine St Whangarei

Address Box 365 Whangarei

Phone Whangarei 88476 Flatsville was set up in Northland to asist one parent families to find emergency accommodation. The trust comprises a board of 5 trustees and a secretary who functions as administrator and organiser. Eight part time voluntary helpers carry out other duties. Flatsville has recently become an independent trust under the umbrella of the Volunteer Organisation Job Creation Programme of the Department of Labour while continuing to be administered by the Flatsville trustees. Flatsville works in close cooperation with Birthright. Most people are referred from Northland Base Hospital, social workers, public health nurses and the Salvation Army lodge. Usually they are helped for 6 months or so after which it is intended they find their own feet, though often they continue to receive help with budgeting. Some families receive help for an indefinite period. Occasionally other than solo parent families are helped if, for example, they are having problems with their landlords. Flatsville offers other services. The Department of Social Welfare is contacted in each case to determine whether they will provide initial monetary assistance.

Voluntary 74

• In: aiti011 clients are followed up to ensure they • reciVë the social Welfare benefits thsye entitled to and that they are maintaining their rent payments, thus forming good relationships with their landlords. Other activities arranged include coffee mornings at which mothers meet to share their problems while their children are looked after elsewhere. Practical skills useful in everyday living such as cooking, crafts and sewing are taught in classes held at the Youth Centre in Rust Avenue. A grant in 1980 from the Mental Health Foundation resulted. in asubstantial increase in the number of people helped. Assistance is received from the Lottery Board to cover some stationery and general office costs.

Foster Care Association Kaikohe

Contacts Mrs H Hind phone Kaikohe 1152M Mrs M Tewhata phone Kaikohe 820M Mrs G McKean phone Ohaeawai 494 The Foster Care Association is a community association which provides a support network for foster parents. A close relationship is maintained with the Department of Social Welfare. The national association publishes a quarterly journal and branches produce a monthly news- letter. The Kaikohe association is a loose knit group of approximately 80 foster parents and families. They. meet occasionally for social outings and mutual support through continuing education. Funds for group activities come from members subscriptions and donations by local service clubs. A grant from the Department of Social Welfare has been made available for training courses. Annual seminars are also held. For further information contact a social worker at the Department of Social Welfare phone Kaikohe 745.

Voluntary 75 Foundation for the Blind

Whangare i

President Mr G Phiskie phone Waipu 73

Secretary Mrs D Main phone Thangarei 83 905 Kaikohe

Chairman Mr T Hoey phone Kaikohe 150 (work) or 543 (home) Secretary Mr D Squire phone Kaikohe 277M or 277 S Kaitaia Chairman/Secretary Mr N Thomson phone Kaitaia 200 (work) or 808 (home) D argaville

Chairman Mr B Turley phone Dargaville 8339

Secretary Mrs Turley phone Dargaville 8339 The Whangarei Advisory Committee consists of 12 elected members, Dargaville, Kaikohe and Kaitaia have their own committees. These are all responsible to the national body, the Royal New Zealand Foundation for the Blind, the head office of which is located in Auckland. Whangarei membership of blind people stands at approximately 100. To become a foundation member a person must have less than 6/60 sight diagnosed by an eye specialist. Committee members are concerned with all aspects of help for people with impaired sight. Welfare work is a significant component, including help with all problems to promote their welfare and happiness. All committee members are involved in home visiting. The Auckland branch of the foundation has a social worker who also visits Northland members where necessary.

The foundation offers help with accommodation, employment, social contact and companionship and the provision of talking book machines and aids. Social events are held every three months in the Beneficiaries and Old Folks Association Hall in Whangarei. Red Cross members help with home visiting and the preparation of afternoon teas for the socials. The foundations committee in Whangarei receives support from Rotary, whose members provide transport for medical appointments and to the socials. The Whangaref committee also runs a dial—a—news service for registered members. This gives details of news items not broadcast by radio, such as births and deaths. The news is kept light and amusing and is greatly appreciated.

Voluntary 76

Friends of the Hospital

Contact Convener Meals on Wheels Mrs M Keane phone Whangarei 60 610

The Friends of the Hospital are a group of people who offer support, comfort and practical help to people admitted to Northland Base Hospital. They are run by a committee which meets monthly. They have a convener who coordinates the dozen or so organisations who each deliver Meals on Wheels for a week at a time.

The activities they are involved in include:

- visiting the residents of Potter Home each week

- holding a concert and afternoon tea once a month for the elderly patients in wards 8 and 9 at the base hospital - doing weekly shopping for patients at the hospital

- visiting patients on their birthdays and sewing shawls, knitting bedsocks, knee rugs etc.

- providing gifts for every patient in hospital on Christmas day

- holding a Christmas party for the elderly patients

- visiting Meals on Wheels recipients on their birthdays Visiting is carried out by two members to each ward through- out the hospital, with special emphasis on people from areas outside Whangarei. They have also been involved in raising money for patients needs. In recent years finance has been raised for:

- an IVAC machine whose purpose is regularly and automatically providing precise amounts of correct food for sick babies - equipment for the kitchen in the occupational therapy department at the base hospital. This kitchen is used to retrain patients who have had treatment for illness or injury. - - a pool table and a sewing machine for the psychiatric wards - many pictures have been framed and donated to wards - - and vases have been provided. The Friends of the Hospital also help with street appeals for some voluntary organisations.

Voluntary 77

Happiness Club Whangarei Branch President Mrs Walker phone Whangarei 50 148 Secretary Mrs Salmon phone Whangarei 71 007 The Whangarei branch of the Happiness Club is affiliated with the national organisation of Happiness Clubs, the headquarters being in Auckland. Their aim is to provide help and promote happiness in the community. The founding project of the club is "Transit House" an Auckland based foster care project sponsored by an Auckland radio station. From the $1 membership fee a percentage goes towards funds for "Transit House". Help is also given to the foster families in the form of clothing, blankets, and baby items. The club offers supervision and support for foster parents through weekly meetings. The Whangarei branch which has approximately 270 members holds monthly meetings in the Gardening Club Hall, Rust Avenue Whangarei and a number of special meetings during the year such as mothers day in May and a day for the elderly in November. The club organises bus trips and members visit patients in hospital and the elderly at home. Money raised through donations and mffles is donated to organisations such as St John Ambulance, Crippled Children Society, Salvation Army etc. They organise a street appeal for lepers with help from other charitable organisations and members of Girls Brigade and Sea Scouts. They also help these organisations with their street appeals.

Headway Contact Mrs Maureen Kettlewell phone Whangarei 70 050 Headway is a programme of group therapy which helps people cope with their emotional problems and makes them more selfconfident about and satisfied with their lives. Separate groups meet on Wednesday at lOam and Monday at 7pm in a cottage owned by St Johns Church. The groups average about half a dozen people and each session is attended by at least 2 Life Line—trained counsellors (though Headway is not affiliated with Life Line). The counsellors hold discussions and engage in therapeutic activities. People come mainly from around the Whangarei area. A number of referrals are made from the base hospital and from general practitioners with some people attending on their own initiative. Each person is encouraged to come on at least 3 occasions in order that they will be able to make some progress with their problem although there is no obligation to attend. The counsellors will go out and meet those who are unsure about attending the group sessions. Voluntary 78

Hearing Association

Northland Headquarters

Location Corner Mill Road and Deveron Street Whangare i

Phone Whangarei 87282

Tutor Mrs Barbara Mathias Secretary Mr G Carroll phone Whangarei 71 538 The Hearing Association provides an educational, advisory and social service for people with a hearing impairment. This is the only centre in Northland and people come from as far as Wellsford and Kaitaia. The membership of the association is approximately 85 although many people who are not members use the facilities. The centre is open to anyone with a hearing problem and caters for all ages from 15 years upwards. The centre employs a full time tutor whose salary is paid by the Auckland Education Board. Training is under the auspices of the National Hearing Association Inc. The centre offers lip-reading classes and advice on the use and maintenance: of hearing aids. Total communication classes (sign language) are also held. All activities are based on the secondary school term and primary school hours. Social work and counselling now comprise a significant part of the help given and a lot of home visiting is involved. Many social activities and events are organised. The centre consists of a meeting hail that can accommodate up to 90 people, an office, classroom and hearing testing booth. Equipment includes an audiometer and the building is loop-wired. Membership costs $2.50 per year and speech classes $5 per year. Subscriptions and donations form the only working capital of the association which goes to maintenance of the building, rates and publication of the associations magazine "Hearing News",

Help for Hyperactive Children

Contact Mrs Gina Skelton phone Whangarei 89 311

Secretary Mrs Carole Sharp phone Whangarei 71 892 Help for Hyperactive. Children (HHC) aims to provide a backup service for families in Northland who have difficulty with hyperactive children. Referrals come from public health nurses, the Maunu Child Health Camp, plunket nurses, general practitioners, schools and the dietitian-in-charge

Voluntary 79

at the base hospital. It is preferred that children come on-the recommendation of people such as these who can make a positive diagnosis of hyperactivity. Children helped by HHC are advised to approach the Psychological Service of the Department of Education for assessment if this has not already been done. Once a child has been diagnosed as hyperactive parents are supplied with a comprehensive dietary schedule which details particular types of foods and food constituents which seem to affect nany hyperactive children adversely. Some contact is had with the dietitian—in—charge at the base hospital and a local chemist prepares special mixtures on request. Once a fortnight a baker prepares and supplies allowed foods which would normally be unobtainable. Help for Hyperactive Children offers help to families on 2 levels. It helps the children by dealing directly with their condition. Parents are not only provided with some means of relief and hope but also gain the opportunity of doing something positive to improve their childs health. A temporary (one day) babysitting service is available in cases where parents are experiencing extreme difficulties.

All work done by Help for Hyperactive Children is voluntary. Talks are given to school committees, playcentres and other organisations on request. Regular contact is maintained with Auckland HHC, Waikato HHC and the dietitian at Waikato Hospitals Child Assessment Centre. A minimal fee is charged to families who receive help to assist with expenses.

Home Aid Scheme

Coordinator Mrs Sarah Caldwell 31 Vine Street Whangarei phone Whangarei 88 476 The Home Aid Scheme Whangarei provides a point of contact between people who want help in the home and those seeking employment. It operates on a user pays principle and is essentially a referral service, the work contract being agreed by the recipients involved. Payment is negotiable although there is a standard hourly and daily rate. Voluntary helpers are also part of this service and it is ideal for a person with a few hours a week to assist with baby sitting, shopping etc to ease the stress on a mother with a young family.

The people using the scheme are mainly elderly, young mothers who need assistance after returning home from hospital and an increasing number of solo fathers. There

Voluntary AM is a cross—section of helpers, including one student who has completed the Community College Home Management Course. Employment is usually part time and of a temporary nature The scheme was initiated in Onera.hi several years ago by two local residents on a voluntarybasis. The current coordinator is Mrs Sarah Caldwell who is employedby the Trustees of Platsville Trust, -Department of Labour Volun- tary Organisation Job Creation Project. The Home Aid Scheme is advertised through notices in appropriate agencies such as general practitioners rooms, the Department of Labour, Citizens Advice Bureau, Jobline and the Auckland Savings Bank noticeboard.. Referrals are also made by the base hospital, the Department of Social Welfare when they are unable to provide assistance and by people who have used the scheme previously. It is considered that the scheme provides an essential service to the community for those who want some form of assistance in the home but are not eligible for subsidised. services.

Hospital Chaplain

The Venerable Max Cranch phone Whangarei 82 079 (Northland Base Hospital) The hospital chaplain is concerned with the general welfare of patients and their families and of the hospital staff, centering upon emotional and spiritual needs. He has a room available for private counselling with families or staff. The chaplain is one of 55 full time hospital chaplains in New Zealand and is on call 24 hours a day, 6 days a week. He is the only hospital chaplain in Northland; other hospitals in the area call in ministers as needed.. His position is an ecumenical one, that is he will visit anyone who needs him no matter what their religion. He liaises with other ministers about the needs of their parishioners. As a chaplain he has made himself available as a resource person in the community and gives talks to community grot.ps. A hospital chaplain receives 6 months full time training for the position in addition to training for the ministry. Half his salary comes from 3 churches and half from the Department of Health. He works in liaison with the Northland Base Hospital Ecumenical Chaplaincy Committee which is a subcommittee of a national body, the Interchurch Advisory Council on Hospital Chaplaincy. The council has on it representatives from the Department of Health and an advisor from the council visits the local committee twice yearly. Voluntary 81

International Year of the Disabled Person 1981

Northland Committee

President Bob Spencer phone Whangarei 82 079

Secretary Diane Taylor phone Whangarei 89 099 The committee was formed for a period of one year to promote public awareness of the disabled person in society and to ensure facilities are provided that will enable them to lead as normal a life as possible. The committee consists of approximately 12 people, representatives of voluntary organisations which are concerned with disabled people and other interested individuals. A coordinator and assistant were employed under the PEP scheme and paid by the Department of Labour to organise local activities for the 1981 Telethon. Subcommittees have been concerned with particular issues such as employment, rehabilitation, income, legislation and access and mobility. This year the committee has acted as a pressure group and has been concerned with promoting facilities such as ramps, toilets for the disabled, parking spaces and a telephone booth suitable for accommodating a wheelchair. Members of the committee also speak to other organisations and clubs. They can provide information on benefits and services for disabled people. Advice is also available to employers on the modification grant available through the Department of Labour to modify premises for the employment of a disabled person. A future project for the committee is the establishment of a 4 to 6 bed rehabilitation hostel for the physically handicapped who require limited nursing care. This will enable long term patients to live in a more normal "home" environment. An application to the 1981 Telethon Trust will be made for a grant towards the cost and the remainder will need to be raised locally.

Kaitaia Information Centre

Location Museum Office,m.ain Street Kaitaia

Address Box 303 Kaitaia

Custodian Miss Evans phone Kaitala 171 This service was started as a tourist information centre primarily dealing with travel promotion and serving the museum. However as Kaitaia has no citizens advice bureau this type of enquiry may be made to the Information Centre which also serves as a public relations establishment.

Voluntary 82

Kaitaia Social Services Council Chairperson Mrs S Tracey phone Kaitaia 1403 The Kaitaia Social Services Council has representatives from government departments, local bodies and voluntary agencies that provide social services. These include the Department of Social Welfare, the Department of Maori Affairs, Kaitaia Borough Council, Mangonui County Council, Samaritans, Red Cross, Crippled Children Society, the Far North Community Health .Liaison Group, Far North Senior Citizens, the Youth Club, Society for the Intellectually Handicapped, Civilian Maimed Association, Birthright, the United Council of Women and ministers of religion. Each organisation nominates or elects a representative to serve on the Social Services Council. Many members of the council have connections with more than one organisation. Local service clubs provide financial assistance. The council is concerned with budgeting, marriage guidance, óurt conciliation, elderly people and young people. It holds meetings from time to time and organises marriage guidance courses. It has assisted in forming a Committee on the Care of the Aged and a Committee on Child Health to enable public discussion on health needs in the far north. A Youth and Recreation Committee organised by the council is now an independent body.

Kamo Home LQation Ford Avenue, Kamo Whawjarei Phone 50611 The Kamo Home is a combined project of the Presbyterian and Methodist churches. The governing body is the Methodist Central Mission Auckland and the home is administered by a board of management from the Whangarei Uniting Churches. The home offers supportive care for elderly people who cannot maintain themselves in the community and aims to provide security, dignity and quality of life in a caring environment that provides for their physical, social, emotional and medical needs. The home accommodates 44 long stay residents, catering for men, women and married couples and is able to accept residents to the stage of being frail ambulants. Residents who are terminally ill are only transferred to hospital if they require specialist treatment. A rotating room provides short stay relief.

Voluntary 83

There are 4 wings of 10 rooms, each with a bathroom, shower and 2 toilets. These are equipped with frames and hand rails. Each wing has a small common room which enables residents to make tea and coffee and meet for a chat. Each resident has their own room and they are encouraged to add their personal possessions which make their rooms "home". Facilities include the main dining room, the multi—purpose lounge which has a piano, the activities room with a raised bowling table, a library and a hairdressing salon. The hairdresser visits one day a week on a regular basis and more often if required. There is a staff of approximately 26 or the equivalent of 13 full time staff. Twenty four hour care is given with 2 nursing staff during the day and 1 at night. There is an emergency alarm system in each wing which is connected to the main office. Within the Kamo Home complex there are 12 detached flats providing more independent accommodation with supervision when needed. Residents retain their own general practitioner and visits are made to the home on a regular basis or when required. The Kamo Home now has a physiotherapy unit. A voluntary physiotherapist visits twice a week under the supervision of the hospital board. Referrals can be made by general practitioners or the geriatrician, Non—residents are also able to attend. Some residents make use of community facilities such as Civilian Maimed Association, Beneficiaries and Old Folks Association and attend local churches. On Monday mornings every fortnight a craft session is held in the activities room. Local volunteers assist with knitting, crochet, bead.work, canework and pottery. The Kensington Craft and Leisure Club kiln is used for the firing. Every fortnight members of this club also join Kamo Home residents for bowls. The residents in one wing have been involved in a project knitting clothes for Nepalese children which were sent overseas through a volunteer in Auckland. They are also knitting dolls for the Kamo Home craft stall. A voluntary ladied auxiliary with members of the local community is responsible for the social activities and fund raising of the Kamo Home. They arrange entertainment, afternoon teas and suppers and make it possible for visiting entertainers to stay for tea and meet the residents. They also arrange transport and visits to private homes. The new physiotherapy unit was their most recent project.

La Leche League Group leaders: Whangarei Christine Nicoll (morning group) Whangarei 52 037 Loraine Reid (evening group) Whangarei 71 215

Voluntary 84

Kaikohe Patricia Cook phone Ohaeawai 479

Dargaville Colleen Helmich phone Dargaville 4312

Kerikeri Marion Moon phone Kerikeri 77 Kawakawa/ Moerewa Gillian Davis phone Kawakawa 176 The La Leche (pronounced "La Lay—chay") League was formed in 1956 in the USA and has since spread throughout the world. It aims to give help and encouragement to mothers who want ,to breastfeed their babies. Groups exist nationwide, typically consisting of 10 to 20 women from a local area. The groups hold monthly meetings divided yearly into three sections of four months each. Each month a different topic is covered: a the advantages of breastfeeding b the art of breastfeeding and overcoming difficulties o the arrival of the baby; the family and the breastfed baby d nutrition and weaning. Meetings are attended by pregnant women, new mothers with infants and those with older children. Discussion is informal and relaxed, a sharing between mothers of information and ideas to help solve specific problems. Each group hasa leader, an experienced nursing mother who has taken part in , a national training course. She is available for telephone consultation at any time. Mothers learn of the groups through doctors, plunket nurses, public health nurses, friends and newspaper announcements. - Each group maintains a library of information sheets, reprints and books on childbirth, breastfeeding and child rearing. National conferences are held regularly and are accompanied by medical seminars. The league has a Board of Consultants in NZ and an International Professional Advisory Board comprising members with particular areas of expertise drawn from several countries. The two boards are consulted on medical matters and evaluate new research. The league presents the Paul Gyorgy Awards annually to medical or dental students who have made a significant contribution to knowledge of breastfeed.ing. A series of publications are available on breastfeeding and related matters. "The Womanly Art of Breastfeeding" forms the basis of the leagues philosophy.

Voluntary 85

Funds come 1 from voluntary contributions from mothers, much of which goes towards buying resource materials such as information sheets and books. Group dues help support the local league area and La Leche League New Zealand and affiliation fees are paid to the international office in the United States.

Life Line Life Line and Home Line phone Whangarei 88 077 Location Community Care Centre Bank Street Whangarei Address Box 84 Whangarei Director Mrs Carol Austin Life Line is a Whangarei based 24 hour telephone counselling service. It is an incorported society affiliated to the NZ National Life Line Association and Life Line InternatiDnal and operates under a constitution. The local branch has a management committee of 12, a paid part time director/training officer and a voluntary secretary,/reasurr. Two initial training courses run by the training officer are held in February and September each year. The course provides an introduction to counselling skills and is open to anyone who would like to participate. In its 10 years of operation well over 500 people have done so. Those who complete the course and wish to become Life Line counsellors go before a selection panel and if selected spend a session in the Life Line rooms on a familiarisation study. The new counsellors are then put on the duty roster and paired with an experienced counsellor until they feel confident to handle the duty themselves. There are 86 counsellors at present who are expected to do at least 2 duties a month. Should a particularly difficult call be received a referral officer can be contacted. The referral officers also review the notes made during each call. Counsellors come together in groups of 4 to 6 with a coordinator to discuss any problems. Names are not used during calls and dependency on individual counsellors is not encouraged. Also available are face to face counselling, couples counselling and family counselling. Trouble teams of 2 people exist for emergency situations where it is necessary to have someone on the spot such as attempted suicides and family disputes. A caring division provides a form of befriending where a helper is allocated to a needy client and maintains contact over a period of weeks as a friend.

Voluntary ray

Camps, seminars and monthly training sessions form an ongoing support programme for counsellors. They are encouraged to attend as many of these as possible as it is important standards are kept up. Most attend a majority of the sessions. The Life Line service covers the whole of Northland but calls are received mainly from the Whangarei free calling area. A free, collect calling service is offered for Dargaville, Whangarei Heads and other local coastal areas which would normally require a toll call to contact Life Line. This is a pilot scheme which it is hoped may be extended to the whole of Northland as soon as funds are made available. Funding for Life Line comes from several sources, the main one being the Clothesline Opportunity Shop in John Street Whangarei which sells used clothing and other small items and is run by 24 volunteers. Other important sources of finance are an annual street appeal, membership fees, occasional grants and assistance from local trusts.

Home Line - another Life Line service phone Whangarei 88077

Home Line is a new service introduced by Life Line which is intended-to meet some of the needs of people who,live alone. This includes the elderly, invalids and people housebound or confined to bed through illness or physical handicap. - The Life Line counsellor on duty is responsible for making phone calls at an arranged time for a friendly chat and to provide daily contact with the housebound in case they, need help. The service can be offered on a short term or long term basis. People who have a relative or friend they look after or keep an eye on will be encouraged to use Home Line when they go away for any reason such as holidays. A contact person is obtained in every case in the event of Home Line not receiving an answer to a call. If a counsellor fails to receive a reply after making 3 calls at half hourly intervals from the arranged time, the contact person will be called. The Home Line Coordinator is also a Care of the Aged Committee visitor. It is considered that Home Line will complement those organisations involved with home visiting, care of the elderly and helping people who through some form of disability are forced to stay at home alãne.

Voluntary 87

Marriage Guidance Council Whangarei ; Bay of Islands

Whangarei Marriage Guidance Council Location Community Care Centre Bank Street Wha.ngare i Address Box 522 Whangarei Office hours lOam - 3.30pm,Mon - Fri Phone Whangarei 82 079 ext 686 Chairman Mr Cohn Edwards Secretary Mrs Pat Kelly phone Whangarei 60 876 The councils offices contain 3 counselling rooms, an office and a reception room. The executive committee of 12 meets two-monthly. Voluntary staff includes 10 counsellors, 8 supervisors and 7 family life tutors.

Bay of Islands Family and Marriage Counselling Service

Address Box 100 Kaikohe

Phone Kaikohe 1092

Chairman Dr Roger Milner phone Kaikohe 415

Secretary Mrs Jan Milner phone Kaikohe 415 The Bay of Islands service uses local rooms which are private and confidential. There are two counsellors at present and voluntary officers and an executive.

The National Marriage Guidance Council The National Marriage Guidance. Council of NZ has branches throughout the country all of which are affiliated to the main body with its National Director in Wellington. Two of these are in Northland, one in Whangarei and the other in the Bay of Islands. The bulk of the funding comes from the Justice Department but a proportion must be raised locally through donations. Five main fields are covered: marriage counselling, court conciliation, educational courses, pre-marriage courses and lectures. All inservice training programmes for counsellors and tutors are held in Wellington. The Council has a rigorous screening and selection procedure to ensure that people who become counsellors and tutors ar suitable. Fully trained counsellors assume a minimum Voluntary caseload of 80 interviews a year. Theydd not judge, blame or take sides and rarely give advice. Their role is to assist people to explore their situation and the options open to them. Counsellors work with a wide range of problems including marriage, de facto., personal, family, teenage and sexual difficulties. The secretary/receptionist deals with financial matters, attends to court conciliation work, arranges suitable interview times for counsellors and clients and deals with administrative matters between the national office and the local council. Clients come on their own or together, may be referred..from doctors, lawyers or family courts, seek help on their own initiative or follow a friends recommendation.

Mastectomy. Association

Auckland Division, Northland Branch Chairman Bob Spencer Secretary Mrs Pam Grant phone Whangarei 61 135 The Northland branch of the Mastectomy Association was established in June 1981 and is based in Whangarei. The committee has 10 members and there are approximately 65 branch members. The association offers a visiting service to all new and prospective mastectomees. The purpose of visits is to give support and encouragement and to show the range of prostheses that are available. There are 8 mastectomy visitors, one each in Dargaville, Kaitaia and Kawakawa and 5 in Whangarei. Each visitor has completed the training supervised by the •association. Patients are visited in hospital and a follow—up call is made by phone or letter. to discuss any problems with which the visitor may help. The visitors are available to speak to nursing groups and public meetings of an educational nature are encouraged. A grant from the Auckland Cancer Society was used to establish the Northland branch. It also enabled the purchase of 4 prosthesis demonstration kits which are held at the hospitals in Dargaville, Kaitaia, Kawakawa and Whangarei. Petrol vouchers have also been donated to the association and funds are raised through membershipfees and donations.

Voluntary Maunu Child Health Camp Location Maunu Road Whangarei Address Box 243 Whangarei Camp Senior Officer Mrs Betty Foster Phone Whangarei 83 110 or 88 431 Secretary Mr S France The camp is administered by the Maunu Health Camp Committee and operates under the guidance of the Health Camps Board in Wellington which oversees six health camps in New Zealand. The health camps cater for children with physical disorders or minor emotional problems whose recovery to health may be adversely affected by the home background or other environmental factors. The camps also provide relief for parents who have difficulty coping with the stress of bringing up their children. In 1980 the Maunu health camp for the first time helda special camp for children of solo parents. It is hoped to establish this as an annual event and other types of special camps may be arranged in future. The Northland camp draws children from Wellsford to Cape Reinga and caters for 40 at a time. They usually attend in groups which stay for blocks of between 6 and 8 weeks though some may require a longer stay. The camp is occupied throughout the year. The children health is assessed by medical officers from the Department of Health. Dental treatment is provided at the Raumanga Intermediate dental clinic in Whangarei. The Department of Healths Mobile Ear Clinic is located at the camp while not visiting other areas of Northland. Referrals to specialists are made when necessary. The ENT specialist, physiotherapists from Northland Base Hospital, the Child Health Clinic, the Speech Clinic, and the Psychological Service of the Department of Education are all involved in providing for the childrens needs. Two class rooms provide educational facilities. Therapeutic activities include remedial reading, physical education, gymnastics, swimming, physiotherapy and carpentry. The camp has its own gymnasium and pool. A number of outings are made to provide more social experience and give the children more contact with shopping and work situations in the community. Special outings such as picnics are also arranged. The ages of the children range from 5 to 12 years. Intellectually handicapped children, up to the age of 16 are sometimes catered for.

Voluntary mea MAN

The Camp is headed by a Camp Senior Officer who has under her a Deputy Camp Senior Officer, 10 full time and 2 part time health assistants, 2 night supervisors, 1 cook, 1 relieving cook, 4 kitchen assistants (3 of whom are SIH girls), 2 handymen, and a person from the Work Skills Development Programme operated by the Department of Labour for whom the camp provides training for a year at a time. One part time and 2 full time teachers staff the special 2 room school at the camp. Live—in accommodation for 9 staff is provided. Outside lecturers attend the camp and instruct the health camp assistants in gaining a Health Camp Certificate in Child Care. This programme Will probably be develdped further in the future. Two vehicles, a stationwagon and a hatchback, are used for transport. Funding comes primarily from the Health Camps Board with additional help from a , small weekly fee charged for each child attending, and donations- both of money and kind.

Multiple Sclerosis Society Chairman Mrs J Cullen

Secretary Mrs S Glasgow

Publicity Officer Mrs V Vuletich Phone Whangarei. 73943 Multiple sclerosis is a disease of the central nervous system.-which attacks the sheath insulating the nerve fibres thus interrupting nerve impulses. The disease varies greatly in length and frequency of attacks and remissions may occur at any time. Symptoms-vary between people and may include weak muscled, poor bladder control, blurred vision, numbness or giddiness. The society was set up in July 1980 at a public meeting called by the Whangarei Council of Social Services at the request of the North Shore Multiple Sclerosis Society which-originally covered the Northland area. From this meeting a steering committee was established and in August of the same year the officers were appointed. The aim of the society is to bridge the gap between where the public health services end and where family and individual needs begin. Because of the debilitating nature of the disease in some cases people find it difficult or impossible to do the things they once did.

Voluntary 91 The society8 members, all of whom are voluntary, give practical help to - overcome these problems and sometimes financial support. They also listen to peoples problems, give them moral support and help them come to terms with the disease. Close contact has been established withthe domiciliary nursing department at the base hospital. The society hopes to employ a field officer to visit rural areas but money has not yet become available for this.

Finance comes from service clubs, a small grant from the lottery board and donations, with the addition in 1981 of funds from the Miss Northland contest donated by the Onerahi Lions Club.

National Heart Foundation Northland Regional Committee

Chairman Mr H M McCoy

Secretary Mr P Page Phone Whangarei 51080 The Northland Regional Committee of the National Heart Foundation comprises a chairman, a secretary, a treasurer and 10 others. There is always a general practitioner on the committee and all members offer their services on a voluntary basis. The chairman attends the National Heart Foundations council meetings in Wellington twice yearly and minutes of meetings are exchanged so that both bodies are kept up to date with each others activities. The main aims of the foundation are to fund research into heart disease and to educate people about its causes, prevention and treatment. Locally the chief emphasis each year is on Heart Week which is held nationally each October. During this week the public may take advantage of free blood pressure testing in the central city area. The foundation was recently involved with Radio New Zealand in promoting the Stepping Out campaign, with local branches assisting in organising fun runs. One of the foundations 2 education officers based in Auckland visits Northland for a time each year to educate the public about cardio—pulmonary resuscitation (CPR) techniques, primarily by visiting industries. Endeavours are being made to reach a wider public in future. The bulk of the local committees funds are raised by a street appeal held on the Friday of Heart Week. This money along with that from all other regional branches

Voluntary 92

throughout the country is sent to the central body which then redistributes funds. Some money such as that received from donations in Northland and from trusts like the Auckland Savings Bank is spent locally. Recently a defibrillator was bout for the St John Ambulance Association with tund raised by this means.

Natural Family Planning Association

Whangarsi Branch

Contacts and appointments

Whangare i Mrs Maxine Rue sek phone Wgarei 70087 Jenette Scrensi phone WMnarei

argavills Mrs KWbh phone rneye

Mrs Jenny Newport phone 11t@ri

The aooiation providee a eerviee to upee ee@Itii to eaoe their iiee ueing the ThiS invovee Uuhina oou es to eteot the of rt1iita After the initial interview ev rvone is assisted for at .east3 months to eeeme thoroughly familiar with the method.

In BankWhangarsi the offioe is situated above Oowe eh@miet in treet.There are 4 teaehers avaiab10 by appointment who have all undertaken the training by the assooiationte beeeme arted Uuhms There are aeo 3 trainee teaehere, rvi]e there is one trained teaeher And @R@ tines. A teaehor travee to by psnt absw onee every 6 weeks. A©Men1 s san be made the local train@@ teaehar. an The u0miatim has esaw@ role in the the teashersvn soirses. s and talks to student nursesM ether reste

Teaober training sourses are held n Ai@klaM 1 199l WI North and Thnedn and are 1O eve nin funded Pinanes is also Lavailable for pest=baestrinin and attendanos at the umiatimb national sonferense,

Clinios are run by the assooatien and s are NO by the oouree The and donations, :A fSS o charged per course of I4struct]on whish severs as many sessions as the individual needs, All t@@,@ @p@ are vcittnuary.-

Vfi11 aiu

93

Northern Wairoa Citizens Advice Bureau Location Victoria Street next to National. Bank Dargaville Hours 11 am - 2.30 pm Mon - Fri 6 —8pmFri Phone Dargaville 6100 The Citizens Advice Bureau (CAB) in Dargaville is run by a group of people on a voluntary basis.. It offers friendly, confidential and free advice to anyone needing help. It is essentially a referral service offering alternatives for the clients-to choose among, it offers to help if necessary. The bureau helps with consumer problems, legal matters, social and housing pro Uems and budgeting. Dargaville has a variety Of social services to which people can be referred. The CAB also plans to offer a legal aid service. The bureau consists of an office and private interview room and is staffed by friendly helpful volunteers. The CAB is closely affiliated with the national CAB organisation and operates within guidelines of the parent body. There are training courses for volunteers and a selection committee. Volunteers continue with training and have monthly training and discussion meetings which keep them in touch as well as creating a team spirit. The CAB has received a grant from the Dargaville Borough Council and operates on financial, support from donations. The building is privately owned and use of the rooms donated free of charge. Northern Wairoa Welfare Association Dargaville

President Les Rowlands phone Dargaville 8855 a

Secretary Gordon Green phone Dargaville 8777 Contact can also be made at the Northern Wairoa CAB phone Dargaville 6100 The Northern Wairoa Welfare Association is a coordinating council concerned with social services. It consists of an executive of 10 who are office holders and co—opted members who work in the social service field.

Voluntary The aim of the association is to identify needs and to stimulate the appropriate organisations to provide for them. Sub—committees are formed as required to assist in specific projects such as the establishment of a Citizens Advice Bureau.- The association also helps the hospital auxiliary, provides budgeting counselling, works in cooperation with Red Cross and provides emergency help for families.

Northland Association for Mental Health President Richard Smith phone Whangarei 87677 (work) Secretary Vanessa van- Pomeren phone Whangarei 60871 The association aims to promote public awareness of the importance of mental health. It promotes communication between professionals and other people interested in mental health issues. Other aims are to improve facilities for treatment and rehabilitation and to improve community attitudes towards those who are or have been mentally ill. The association has a committee of 7 and about 100 members. The committee meets monthly in the rooms of the Psychological Service of the Department of Education in Water Street Whangarei. Activities include arranging seminars and lectures, distributing pamphlets on topics related to mental health and conducting surveys of needs. Funding comes from a variety of sources: street collections, seminar fees, members subscriptions and donations. The Mental Health Foundation of New Zealand gives occasional grants as part of its programme of distributing funds to various mental health related organisations around the country. The Association for Mental Health can also apply to the foundation if they require finance for special projects such as surveys.

Northland Medical Foundation Address C!— Northland Hospital Board, Box 742 Whangarei

Chairman Mr Eric Cumming

Secretary Mr Frank Wilson phone Whangarei 71633

Voluntary 95

The foundation was formed in 1978 and aims to play a part in making the highest standard of medical care available to the people of Northland and where possible to give practical financial assistance to achieve this. From an appeal in 1980 the foundation obtained enough money to buy and donate to the Northland Hospital Board two ultrasonic scanners. These are used in pregnancy examinations to produce an image of the foetus and in conjunction with xrays for imaging of internal organs. The larger of the two scanners is situated permanently at the base hospital while the other is portable and is used in the peripheral hospitals. An investment fund has been built up and the foundation will use the interest from this to provide donations to organisations working in the health field. They feel the best way to assist in raising Northlands health status is to work through existing organisations, concentrating on large scale projects such as a scanner appeal only when the need arises. Any health related body is free to apply to the foundation for assistance. Funds come from membership subscriptions, bequests and donations from the public, interest on investments and appeal donations.

Ostomy Society Northland Branch President Mr B Hillier Secretary Mr Fred Daunt phone Whangarei 82145 The society aims to give help to people who have had or are going to have a colostomy or ileostomy operation. Surgery of this type affects many people severely and often leads to psychological problems from having to adjust to their new status. Assurance, advice and friendship is needed to convince them they can return to a happy and useful place in society. Help is given with people preparing for an operation in hospital are visited. The committee of 8 voluntary members which meets every 6 weeks cirbulates a newsletter containing the latest news and developments. The society is indebted to Mrs Marie Oldridge, the district nurse Ostomy Services in

Voluntary Northland who looks after the practical needs of stoma patients including equipment and help with skin problems. The society is part of the Federation of New Zealand. Ostomy Societies and is the only branch in Northland although an area representative covers the northern centres. All funds come from the members subscriptions and a levy is paid to the national federation.

Paraplegics and Physically Disabled Association Northland Branch

Address Box 5046 Regent Whangarei

President Mr M Ross

Secretary Miss Sandy Murray phone Whangarei. 51390 The association was established in 1974 as a sub-branch of the Auckland branch but in 1981 became a full branch member of the New Zealand Federation of Paraplegics and Physically Disabled Associations. The association works at establishing contact between disabled people, their friends and relatives so that problems can be discussed and activities arranged.. A significant number of members are. able bodied relatives and friends. Social events such as barbeques and dinners to which guest speakers are invited are held. Bowls and wheelchair basketball are organised, the latter including an annual match with the Auckland branch. It is intended to place more emphasis this year on sporting activities.. Members are sent to the federations annual national games to compete in field events, track work, swimming, weightlifting and indoor sports. . Training sessions for interested athletes are held regularly. The association has a committee of 16 which meets once a month in the base hospital lounge. They produce leaflets which are distributed among their members. Much of the information for these comes from the Crippled Children Society, the Society for the Intellectually Handicapped and medical personnel. Newsletters about the associations activities and coming events are sent out monthly. Finance comes largely from donations and fundraising activities such as raffles although a grant has recently been received from an estate.

Voluntary 97

Parenthood Education Committee Chairman Dr G Parry Secretary Dr J Brownlie phone Whangarei 87019 (Department of Health) The committees aim is to review the facilities for antenatal education in its broadest sense. This includes the period before birth, birth itself and looking after the child. At the moment the committee is investigating the provision of education services throughout Northland. The committee was set up by Dr Judith McCann. the Department of Healths national coordinator for parenthood education. She has as her task to establish these committees, throughout the country. The Northland committee held its first meeting early in 1981.

Plunket Society Branches Kaitaia phone Kaitaia 141 Bay of Islands phone Kaikohe 549 Whangarei phone Whangarei 82508 Northern Wairoa phone Dargaville 7618 Lower Northland phone Maurigaturoto 118 The Plunket Society supervises the health of infants, preschool children and mothers, taking account of how they function within the family or household and how relationships and environmental factors relate to the familys health. All aspects of preventive health are dealt with. Contraceptive advice and budgeting are included in general health supervision. Nurses visit obstetric units in hospitals to assist with antenatal and postnatal care including liasion visits to newly delivered mothers. Plunket staff in Northland comprises a Nurse Advisor,a Senior Plunket Nurse, 4 other full time plunket nurses and 6 part time nurses. Two full time and 3 part time community Karitanes are also employed. The plunket nurses work both in clinics and within homes. One plunket nurse works in the Karitane Family

Volu n tary PitOne

Support Unit which is located .in Park Avenue Whangarei. Karitane nurses work in homes and in the Family Support Unit. The Family Support Unit is a community-based house run by the Wharigarei-based branch providing short term help for families with the object of assisting them to become independent or else finding some other means of support for .their particularneeds. Specific crises are dealt with if they arise, teaching is given in practical aspects of mothercraft and many come in for a friendly chat with other mothers. The 5 branches listed above contain a number of sub- branches. Each of these elects its own committee from which a delegate is sent to the local branch federation committee. A sub-branch committee meets the financial obligation for its area although a security fund operates to distribute funds to sub-branches which find difficulty raising sufficient funds. Sub-branches contribute towards the cost of purchasing vehicles (40% of their purchase price is subsidised by government) and meet running and maintenance costs. They also cover other incidental costs incurred in running the service - telephone, rent, rates etc. Six cars are run by the society.

Pregnancy Support Contacts phone Whangarei 52216 or 84507 Pregnancy Support is an informal group of women who aim to provide practical and emotional support for any expectant mother who requires it • The eight regular members meet as the need arises. Some of the group are trained counsellors and others will receive training in the future,. Contact is maintained with the Wharigarei Citizens Advice Bureau, with the Department of Social Welfare in relation to accommodation for pregnant single girls from outside Whangarei, with St Vincent de Paul Society for clothes for babies, and with church groups. It is also hoped to maintain liaison with the Pluriket Societys Family . Support Unit. The group was formed in 1980 and now that the need for the group has been demonstrated it is hoped to expand

Voluntary re re WAWA

knowledge of its activities among health workers and the public. The service is advertised in the local paper and small posters have been sent to all local doctors, to antenatal clinics and to the Citizens Advice Bureau. An important part of their counselling concerns abortions. They encourage counselling for women considering an abortion to help them look at all possible alternatives from practical, emotional and moral standpoints before making a decision. The group believes a woman needs to be aware of her childs physical development, the childs rights, and have an awareness of the unborn child as a living entity before she decides on the course of action she wishes to take.

Presbyterian Social Services Association

Regional office Church House 1 Mill Rd Whangarei

Address Box 5098 Regent Whangarei

Phone Whangarei 88474

Regional Manager Rev J T Michael Wetterstrom The Presbyterian Social Services Association is a New Zealand wide organisation dedicated to providing social services for the community. These are in the fields of health of the elderly, children and families, emergency accommodation, crisis intervention, clothing supplies, budgeting, counselling, alcohol and drug dependency, hospital chaplaincies, human development and multicultural services. PSSA Auckland is responsible for the Northland, Auckland, Waikato, Bay of Plenty and King Country areas through regional offices. The Northland office was set up during 1979; previously Northlands services were run directly from Auckland. The PSSA services in the north are administered by the regional manager through the local committee which is chaired by a member of the board in Auckland. Major policy decisions are referred to Auckland for approval. PSSA in Northland operates 3 main facilities. The probation hostel in Mair St Whangarei is owned by the Justice Department and run by PSSA. Kamô Home for elderly people is run jointly with the Methodist Central Mission. The third institution is Ford Home f:ahildren which along with Kamo Home is in Ford Avenue Kamo Whangarel.

Voluntary 100

One area of need which the association is well aware of is that of community alcohol services. PSSA hopes to have an alcohol counsellor in Northland: soon who will work in closely with the recently appointed Coordinator of Community Alcohol Programmes employed by the Northland Hospital Board.

Red Cross Contacts : Whangarei Mrs J Edge phone Whangarei 73653 Bay of Islands Mrs S Thomson . phone Kerikeri 79123 Kaitaia Mrs L Barclay phone Kaitaia 842 Northern Wairoa Mr M A Mumn phone Dargaville 8457 The New Zealand Red Cross Society aims to provide relief where needed in the form of support services, welfare assistance and educational courses. The Red Cross is an independent body Which raises its own funds from donations, house to house appeals, street appeals and stalls. There are 4 centres in Northland each providing a variety of similar services which cater for the needs of the area: - Whangarei (7 branches) - Bay of Islands (4 branches) - Kaitaia (2 branches) - Northern Wairoa (3 branches) Each branch has its own committee which varies in size and they send delegates to their local centres which hold monthly meetings. Meetings with other centres are held several times a year. National conferences are held annually.

Whangare i The Dent-Street centre in Whangarei is a renovated house comprising a meeting hall, office and storeroom. Equipment includes 2 wheelchairs, a van and a sewing machine. The centre is also available for use by other voluntary organisations. Voluntary members assist with delivery of meals on wheels, operate a mobile library to hospitals and house- bound people and provide transport to hospital clinics.

Voluntary 101

Hospital hostesses greet newly admitted patients and show. them to their wards, helping to smooth over any nervous- ness. Beauty care and hairdressing are also offered weekly to hospital patients. They may supply clothing, bedding and furniture where needed and financial assistance in the form of grocery orders. Red Cross members read to people in the Foundation for the Blind. Assistance is also given to the Society for the Intellectually Handicapped, to blood donor work, with convalescent aids and civil defence groups. Social activities include a monthly gathering of members and the society provides entertainment for elderly people. Regular courses are held in basic first aid and the society provides an educational service to intermediate and high schools including a home nursing course. The First Aid Officer goes on request to factories and business premises. There are two paid part time Youth Officers, one in Whangarei and one in the Bay of Islands. Two voluntary Youth Officers work in Kaitaia and Northern Wairoa,

Kai t aia El In the Kaitaia area which includes Mangonui and Awanui Red Cross volunteers complete clothing packs for civil defence, organise delivery of meals on wheels, assist with the blood bank, visit pensioner flats, assist with clothing for families in need, have a monthly senior citizen afternoon, serve teas to people waiting for buses, run a hairdressing and beauty care service for hospital patients, have 2 wheelchairs and 2 commodes to loan, and run a home nursing course in the community. The Mangonui branch has some of these services plus help with transport to general practitioners, hospital or whatever, a home help service, and a "good neighbour" group. A Red Cross youth branch at the Kaitaia Intermediate School offers a diverse programme of activities including orienteering, art, talks on European travel, diseases of animals and a first aid course.

Kaikohe Mrs Carol Hoult the youth officer in Kaikohe provides school activities on request by arrangement with the school and the class. The society pays her by the hour and refunds travel expenses. Her programmes include courses such as "emergency action" which aims to equip young students with skills such as rescue breathing and how to cope with broken bones and bleeding, and a "child minding" course which emphasises accident prevention. Mrs Hoult also gives talks to student groups on particular topics such as fireworks accidents.

Voluntary 102

Her area includes the Bay of Islands and Hokiariga although she makes use of loóal branches where possible to fulfil some of the requirements of youth activities.

Rehabilitation Officers (Hospital Service) Northland Base Hospital phone Whangarei 82079 Kaitaia Hospital phone Kaitaia 855 The Rehabilitation.Officers (Hospital Service) are aa-1 auxiliary service of the Rehabilitation League of New Zealand Inc. Three full time officers are appointed as honorary staff of the Northland Hospital Board which provides their offices. The league trains and pays them and supplies transport. Two are based in Wharigarei and cover the area up to Kaikohe and the other, based in Kaitaia, covers the area from Kaikohe north. The service Was introduced to the Northland Hospital Board area in 1975. The rehabilitation officers assist with the return to work of people who have undergone medical treatment. The rehabilitation officers liaise with local industry and their close association with the hospital staff (occupational therapists, physiotherapists, nurses and medical staff) allows them to understand the problems of the patients and the nature of their disabilities. Their job evaluations and following up of peoples return to work is important both to industrial managers and hospital staff. Close liaison is maintained with the staff of the Department of Social Welfare and the Department of Labour, the Accident Compensation Corporation and voluntary organisations such as the Crippled Children Society, the Society for the Intellectually Handicapped and the Civilian Maimed Association. Most referrals come from hospital based staff and the remainder mainly from general practitioners. All peripheral hospitals in Northland are visited on a weekly or fortnightly basis. The 3 officers deal with about 200 people ea3h month.

Residential Nursery and Creche Location 83 Fourth Ave Whangarei Address Box 230 Whangarei Phone 87194 Supervisor Mrs Dianne Anderson President Mrs G Smeal Secretary Mrs J Whatmough phone Whangarei 89830

Voluntary 103

The nursery and creche operates to provide care and residential accommodation for children from a few weeks to 5 years old;, on an hourly, daily or weekly basis. The creche is a voluntary organisation and is open 24 hours a day. A hot lunch, morning and afternoon tea are included in the standard fees. Breakfast and supper are available by arrangement. Babies are changed into hospital nappies on arrival. A house mother and junior staff member are in the building on call at night for emergency situations. An honorary doctor is available if required and a registered nurse is on the staff. The scale of charges is available from the supervisor. A child care subsidy from the Department of Social Welfare is offered to parents who are eligible.

Riding for the Disabled Association Whangarei branch President Mr A Aitken phone Whangarei 26529 Secretary Mrs V Guiney phone Whangarei 82105 (work) 60418 (home) In two other areas a similar service is provided by local residents. They are not affiliated with the national organisation although there is contact between the groups. Dargaville Mrs A Lupton phone Dargaville 4614

Ka i tai a Mrs J Mathews phone Kaitaia 354S The aim of the association is to provide horse riding for wheelchair bound, crutch :bound and other physically disabled people and for some cases of mental disability. Riding provides a form of exercise, produces muscle tone and develops balance and is related to physiotherapy and occupational therapy. It also provides for the physically and mentally handicapped an outside activity which is associated with the fit and normal and therefore gives a boost to their morale. It brings a great deal of pleasure and the confidence and control carry over into normal daily activities. The Whangarei branch of the association has a committee of 15 along with 25 members. Approximately 30 people receive instruction with no age restrictions. There are 6 voluntary instructors and-classes are held daily after school and on Saturday mornings. The association has 6 horses and groups

Voluntary 104

of matched ability are taken. Helpers act as pony leaders and families of the disabled are encouraged to be involved. A fee of $1 is paid for children and a membership fee of $3 for adults. The fees together with donations and raffles provide the only form of income to cover expenses. One of the horses belongs to the association and was purchased with donated funds. The other horses have been donated. In Kaitaia riding is available free of charge.. during the summer months for children and trainees attending the centre. Inquiries from any disabled person are welcome. In Dargaville Mrs Lupton offers riding to children after school hours on her own horse.

Salvation Army Whangare i Officers quarters Fifth Ave (Capt Townsend) phone Whangarei 87329 Citadel, Aubrey $t 83623 Family Care Centre, 1 Raewyn St (Capt Koivu) 89305 Community Work Scheme 84470 Kai taia Officers quarters 75 South Rd (Lt.Marshall) phone Kaitaia 1082S Citadel, Mathews Ave 14.9 Community Work Scheme 898 Dargaville Officers quarters 8 Jervois St phone Dargaville 7022 Citadel Hokianga Rd 7022

The Salvation Army is an international network of christians devoted to helping people who have problems such as those related to social adjustment, the family, marriage and alcoholism. The 3 bases in Northland are located in Whangarei, Kaitaia and Dargaville. Each has a corps headquarters (the citadel) and officersquarters. There are 8 officers in Northland, 4 in Whangarei (2 based at the officers quarters and 2 at the Family Care Centre) and 2 each in Kaitaia and Dargaville. There are also a number of associated members in the community. The army officers have either of 2 functions, Field officers

Voluntary 105

deal primarily with the activities of those within the army while social officers aid people in the community needing help. Services provided by the Salvation Army include: - visits to hospital patients once weekly - locating missing persons (a world wide service) - help with marital problems; close contact is maintained with the Family Health Counselling Service and the Marriage Guidance Council - parents are contacted with children who n.m away from home - referral of teenage pregnancies to Bethany Hospital Auckland - help for alcoholics who receive assistance locally through the base hospital or are referred to the bridge programme in Auckland; from there they may go to a halfway house or to Rotoroa Island before returning home. The army has set up a series of community work schemes throughout New Zealand each with a supervisor who is associated with the army and PEP workers paid through the Department of Labour. Two of these schemes operate in Northland, one in Whangarei and the other in Kaitaia. The Salvation Army runs the Family Care Centre in Raewyn Street Whangarei which offers temporary accommodation to women who need a respite from their problems. Often these are related to marriage, wife beating and family stress but can be of any nature. A husband is informed of his wifes whereabouts but is not able to make contact unless she wishes it. Reconciliations are normally attempted and these are successful in most instances. Board and meals are provided without charge until a benefit is received. Then the woman will either find her own accommodation or if this is not practical will continue to stay at the centre and pay part of her benefit as board. The centre is run by a manager and matron both of whom are auxiliary captains. This husband and wife team are responsible for the centre 7 days a Week. In addition a PEP worker is employed on weekdays. It is hoped in the future to have another husband and wife team as assistant manager and matron which wil -l free the others to do some workin hospitals and prisons.

Voluntary 106 Finance for the army comes mostly from donations and an annual appeal is held nationwide. Projected budgets are forwarded each year to the national headquarters in Wellington. Any deficit incurred in relation to this budget is made up by the national body.

Selwyn Park Location Puriri Park Rd Whangarei Warden Commander D Evans phone Whangarei 81099 Assistant Warden Mrs French Residents phone Whangarei 72703 Selwyn Park Retirement Village is the. responsibility of the Selwyn Foundation and is administered from Auckland by the director Canon Bambury and a voluntary board of directors. It- has few rules and residents are encouraged to regard the village as they would their own home. Residents up to the stage of being frail ainbulants may be admitted. It accommodates 58 men and women and accepts married couples. There are 7 wings each with 8 rooms, a bathroom, shower, toilet and laundry. These are equipped with frames and hand rails. Half the rooms have their own toilet facilities and all rooms have wash basins. There is also a small kitchen where residents can make a cup of tea or coffee and meet for a chat. Each resident has their own room. It is intended that one or two double units may be added for married couples. Facilities include the main lounge :with a colour television and piano, a smaller lounge with a piano and black and white television, a small library and the main dining room. A separate building comprises the activities hail where residents can meet for a variety of crafts and activities. This is equipped with indoor bowls and has a mat which can be raised for ease of use. Some residents attend the Civilian Maimed Association daycentre. The 2 bed sick bay now also accommodates a physiotherapy unit for residents with arthritis. A private physiotherapist visits twice a week. The podiatrists visit on a regular basis. Some residents retain their own general practitioner and attend surgery when necessary. There are 2 general practitioners who visit Selwyn Park monthly on a sessional basis and when required. A hairdresser visits every Thursday. There are approximately 20 permanent staff with some temporary and emergency staff to call on. Generally staff levels are maintained with 3 full time floor matrons, 2 full time and 1 part time kitchen staff, 2 part time dining room staff each day in 3 shifts and 3 night staff including 1 nurse. The warden and assistant warden are on 24 hour call.

Voluntary 107

Soo.iety for the intellectually HdIcapped Northland Branch Administrator Mr Tom Millar phone Whangarei 87386 The Society for the Intellectually Handicapped (SIH) was formed to provide as far as possible a normal life for people who are intellectually handicapped. To achieve this various services are provided to enable the handicapped to live and work as effective members of the community while providing sufficient protection from situations which they may not he able to cope with. SIH provides 9 homes housing 58 handicapped adults and children in Whangarei and has plans to develop semi-independent living facilities with the ultimate aim of making handicapped people in these fully independent. The society employs a total of 65 staff in Northland consisting of teachers, workshop instructors, houseparents and social workers. Voluntary workers include auxiliary support staff involved in such activities as transport and fund raising. The main centre of the societys activities is the sheltered workshop in Maunu Road Whangarei which provides employment and recreation for 85 trainees. There are plans to expand the workshop to provide more facilities. Also in Whangarei are a preschool centre, a heated swimming pool and a holiday house at Taurikura Bai,Whangarei Heads. The Kaitaia centre has a staff of 6 with a school, workshop and preschool special care unit. A field officer/administrator is based in KaitaIa and shares time with the Crippled Children Society. The sub-branch has its own committee which is responsible for the running of the centre. Kaikohe has . a committee whose purpose is fundraising for SIH. Advice comes from teachers, the Psychological Service of the Department of Education, nurses and doctors. Relief is provided for parents of handicapped children-who remain at home. This takes the form of support visits, a babysittingservic•e and short stay accommodation for children to enable parents to have a holiday. At least half the funds come from the government, mainly in the form of subsidies, although live-in adults receive a sickness benefit which goes toward paying board. An annual appeal is also held.

St John

The Order of St John comprises 2 foundations - the association and the brigade. The association is responsible for the

Voluntary 108 provision of ambulance transport services with 10 subceritres in Northland. The brigade is responsible for the voluntary activities of the brigade, nursing and cadet divisions.. This includes first aid services, patient care training and public first aid courses. Members assist with meals on wheels and visiting housebound people. Brigade personnel are involved in all subcentre areas with transport duties on a voluntary basis. Government funding meets the cost of wages of the permanent staff and some of the running costs of the associations activities. Donations and bequests also provide a source of funding.

Table 21 St John: location and number of members, facilities and vehicles year ending 30 November 1980. Location Brigade Facility Vehicles and members full time drivers

Cable Bay 16 Building under Ambulance over construction Xmas period Kaitaia 35 Garage, lecture 2 ambulances,1 room rescue trailer unit Kohukohu 15 Garage 1 ambulance

Rawene 19 Garage, lecture 1 ambulance room

Kerikeri 33 Garage, lecture 1 ambulance room

Russell 21 Garage, lecture 1 ambulance room, first aid station

Kaikohe 30 Garage, lecture 1 ambulance room

Kawakawa 35 Garage, lecture 2 ambulances, (station th 442) room 1 full time driver Whangarei 108 Garage, lecture 6 ambulances, 6 fu]1 (station Ibh 72199) room, accommodation time drivers, 1 for 3 staff caravan unit

Marsden 32 NZED facilities, 2 ambulances garage

Daravil1e 36 Garage, lecture 2 ambulances, (station ph 8444) room a cmodation 1 full time driver, or 1 caravan unit

Voluntary 109

Maungaturo to 36 Garage, lecture 1 ambulance room

Kaiwaka 18 I

St Johns Day Care Centre Location 149 Kamo Rd Whangare i Hours 7 am - 5.30 pm, Mon - Fri Phone 72746 Supervisor Mrs J Roberts The centre provides day care facilities for children of working mothers, solo parents and parents who may be involved in activities outside the home. Sometimes children are referred by doctors so they can develop interaction and behavioural skills. The centre is licensed to take 20 children from 2 to 5 years old and has 3 full time staff with one voluntary helper available when needed. Two of the staff are qualified child care supervisors and the third is attending a training course. The centre is overseen by a committee of parents which is independent of St Johns church. An additional person is employed to provide lunch for the children. Morning and afternoon teas are also provided. Play facilities exist both indoors and outdoors and there are plans to extend the outside playing area. A fee is charged for each child and additional funds are raised through stalls. A subsidy is available from the Department of Social Welfare for any child in care 2 days a week or more if their parents have difficulty paying the fees.

Switzer Home Kai t ai a Location 71 South Road

Phone Kaitaia 785

Matron Mrs Philip-King The Claude Switzer Memorial Home for the elderly was established in 1957 with money bequested for that purpose. It is run by a trust board composed of the mayor, the county council chairman and the chairman of the hospital management committee. The home is self supporting from fees, donations and bequests. It admits residents from as far as Cape Reinga, Broad.wood and Kaeo.

Voluntary 110

The home is licensed to accommodate 23 and caters for elderly men and women who are mobile. At this stage there is no nursing care provided and residents who require nursing attention are transferred to Kaitaia Hospital. There is a staff of 6 who are rostered. from 7 am to 9 pm, the matron being on call at night. Proposed extensions to the home will enable 24 hour care and the provisionof extended care for the frail elderly. Residents have their own rooms. Facilities include the dining room, the main lounge which is equipped with a raised bowling table, a smaller lounge with a tv and a games room. There are 2 bathrooms and 4 toilets. Residents may retain their own general practitioner if they wish. There is a visiting general practitioner who attends each Monday. Other services include the podiatrist who visits on a regular basis and hospital domiciliary services which are arranged as needed on an individual basis. The Civilian Maimed Association day centre in Kaitaia and local church functions are attended by residents. Service clubs offer their support by taking residents for outings and many "take on a particular project to assist the home. A hairdresser also visits one day a fortnight on a voluntary basis.

Tikipuna Protestant Childrens Home

Location 104 Corks Rd. Tikipunga Whangarei

Phone Whangarei 50345 Matron Mrs E Golding Chairman, Board of Trustees Mr K P Rogers Secretary Mr I M Webster phone Whangarei 89939 (work) The home takes children who come from situations where parents have difficulty coping successfully. Their periods of stay may be a long term or short term as in the case ,of a parent who needs hospital care-0 Ten children of any religious faith can be taken. The home is administered by a board of trustees from 5 local protestant churches. Parents delegate complete control to the board but remain the legal guardians. Children are referred from a variety of sources including Department of Health medical officers and public health nurses, the Psychological Service of the Department of Education, the Department of Social Welfare, the Child Health Clinic and general practitionets. 111

All facilities and services are provided for the children by the matron, her voluntary helpers and an occasional part time paid employee. The trust owns 9 hectares of land with the home section fenced off and the rest being leased to a farmer. The fee charged for each child is computed relative to what the parents can afford. A capitation fee is available from the Department of Social Welfare and in some cases an education grant from the Department of Education is received. Some donations are received and along with income from money invested these provide the balance of running costs.

Trust Houses Trust Director Cohn Edwards phone Whangarei 71284 (home) 82079 ext 686 (work) The Trust operates 3 houses in Whangarei which offer long term accommodation for up to 12 men who have difficulty living socially stable lives. Typically they are lonely, without the support of a wife or relatives, have been in minor trouble with the law and often have a drinking problem. The trust is headed by 3 trustees, an unpaid director who manages the overall operation and voluntary helpers who befriend the men and look after individual houses. The Trust offers a home with stability and security and is not a rehabilitation institution. The men are encouraged to stay as lông as they wish and it is up to them to decide if and when they want to leave. No formal counselling is given but help is available from the voluntary helpers if desired. There is no live-in supervision and a minimum of external intervention. Each man pays rent equivalent to one third of the sickness or unemployment benefit and this covers all items (eg electricity, tv) except food which they cook themselves. The first house was opened in 1973 and was financed by a group of private individuals without outside support and rent collected since then has enabled the project to be fully self supporting. It is a non profit making organisation and registered under the 1957 Charitable Trusts Act.

Whangarei Child Care Centre

Location Porowini Ave Whangarei

Hours 7. am - 5.15 pm, Mon - Fri

Phone Whangarei 87171

Supervisor Mrs N Moorhouse

Voluntary 112

The Whangarei Child Care Centre is licensed to take 25 children at a time and its A grade licence permits it to take all ages. The centre is overseen by a committee of parents and interested people and run by a supervisor and 8 staff. The children come from a variety of family backgrounds including those situations where both parents are working, solo parent families, and those experiencing marital problems. .A number of children are referred from doctors ,because of social adjustment problems, from the Child Health Clinic, public health nurses and plunket nurses. A full meal is provided in the middle of the day along with morning and afternoon teas. A nursery is available for those who want to sleep. The centre runs an open play programme which allows the children to do anything of their choice for as long as they wish. A fee is charged for each child and a capitation fee is provided by the Department of Social Welfare for those in need of assistance

Whangarei Council of Social Services Location Community Care Centre Bank St Whangarei Phone Whangarei 88043 Secretary Mr R Gutschlag The Whangarei Council of Social Services has been in operation since the early 1960s. The main aims of the council are to foster coordination, communication and cooperation between all social service agencies, both government and voluntary. It comprises an executive committee of 18 who represent voluntary 8113 government agencies. The Department of Social Welfare, the Department of Maori Affairs, a health agency (either the Department of Health or the Northland Hospital Board) and the Whangarei city Coundil have permanent representation, while voluntary agencies have elected representatives on a rotating basis every 2 years. This is to ensure a broad base of involvement. The representatives of agencies not having a curreiit seat on the executive meet on a 2 monthly basis for discussion on current topics and have guest speakers. The public are invited to these meetings. - Committees are formed by the Whangarei Council of Social Services to deal with a particular need. Present committees are the Care of the Aged Committee, the Citizens Advice Bureau Committee and the Visiting Committee which regularly visits elderly people in their homes. The Care of the Aged Committee promotes the discussion and recognition of the special needs of elderly people and is concerned with the practical aspects of their general welfare. It has been instrumental in gaining a greater number of bus

Voluntary 113

shelters in Whangarei City, in relocating the Benefits and Pensions section of the Department of Social Welfare to a more accessible location and is currently negotiating for all buses to be equipped with folding steps. The committee does not deal directly with individual people or individual problems, however issues concerning elderly people can be referred for their consideration and action. In 1980 a committee on children assisted the formation of Family Care, now an independent body and a member of the Council of Social Services. The Whangarei City Council has donated the use of part of the old town hall in Bank St to the Council of Social Services. This new Community Care Centre houses the CAB, Birthright, Life Line, Whangarei Marriage Guidance Council, Arthritis and Rheumatism Foundation and other agencies who are members of the Whangarei Council of Social Services.

Womens Division Federation Farmers Contacts for each provincial: Marsden President Mrs D Holland phone Wharigarei 73797 Secretary Mrs G Luke phone Whangarei 60837 Northern Wairoa President Mrs N Peterson phone Dargaville 7439 Secretary Mrs F Bakuiich phone Dargaville 7975 Rodney President Mrs G de Boer phone Mangawhai 294 Secretary Mrs B Dalebrook phone Maungaturoto 69D North Auckland President Mrs S Aickin Secretary Mrs A Bolton phone Okaihau 207U Far North President Mrs B Lunjevich phone Kaitaia 1354M Secretary Mrs M Fisher phone Kaitaia 1153 The Womens Division Federated Farmers (WDFF) is concerned with the conditions of women and children living in the country.

Voluntary 114

In Northland there are 5 provincials. These are Marsden, Northern Wairoa, Rodney, North Auckland and: Far North, and each provincial has a number of local branches. Each branch holds monthly meetings with guest speakers. One of the services of the . WDFF is a housekeeping scheme which offers full time live—in help on a temporary basis or daily help as needed. The Marsden Provincial has one permanent full time live—in housekeeper and. 4 casual part time helpers. -The live—in housekeeper provides an emergency service, the WDFF paying a retainer when she is not employed. Her salary is paid by the employing family. Other provincials may also employ this house- keeper. The Northern Wairoa Provincial runs a 6 month home aid course to train girlsin housekeeping skills with a certificate awarded on completion of the course. Each provincial has its own housekeeping secretary and advisory members who, investigate cases of need. A government subsidy is available to assist the scheme. A grant of up to 50% is made towards the wages of the housekeeper. The WDFF is involved in a number of projects concerning womens health. During 1981 a programme was arranged with speakers from ACC concerning accident prevention on farms, which was aimed at rural women and children at home. Each year there is a national fundraising project. Last year a sum of money was raised for cot death research and the previous year leptospirosis research. WDFP convenors assist with collecting for the Foundation for thq Blind and the Society for the Intellectually Handicapped.

Voluntary 115

HEALTH PROMOTION IN NORTHLAND

Health promotion activities are those which increase the individuals sense of well-being by generating a feeling of achievement and self-worth, or those which enhance the physical status or capabilities of the individual. These two aspects often have a considerable degree of overlap but their common factor is that they have a positive, or promotive, effect on peoples outlook on life or health status. The first type of health promotion programme is reflected in a number of activities in Northland, many of Which revolve around community development. The most successful of these seem to be those organised, developed and controlled by members of the community within which they are located. This type of group has little or no negative health education content such as anti-smoking programmes but emphasises self improvement and development through new skills, activities and friendship. There are several examples in Northland. The Onerahi Community House and the Raumanga Drop-In Centre provide a focus for support and activities to meet local needs. The Kensington Craft and Leisure Club concentrates on a range of craft activities as a means of learning new hobbies and providing friendship and support. Some other organisations such as groups for the elderly and youth groups cater for specific age spans. Examplesf these include the Beneficiaries and Old Folks Association in Whangarei, the Dargaville Senior Citizens Association and the Whangarei Youth Centre. The other type of programme is that which concentrates primarily on physical fitness. These activities have considerable benefits for the physical health of people, including increased protection from heart disease, weight reduction and a better state of general fitness, but they are also enjoyable and produce a more positive self-image for those involved in them. In this respect there is considerable similarity with the other programmes mentioned above. The jogging programme Stepping Out, produced by Radio NZs Continuing Education Section was based on the premise that regular exercise is enjoyable and beneficial to health. Most areas of Northland have organised competitive sport, and as well there are many leisure pastimes such as tramping, cycling, swimming and jogging. Some centres offer activities such as bodybuilding, yoga and exercise to music.

Health promotion 116

INDEX OF ORGANISATIONS AND WORKERS BY TYPE OF SERVICE

General Accident Compensation Corporation 39 Citizens Advice Bureau Whangarei 65 Department of Health general and admin. staff 1 Department of SocialWelfare 40 Health education officer (Department of Health) 6 Kaitaia Social Services Council 82 Kaitaia Information Centre 81 Northern Wairoa Citizens Advice Bureau 93 Northern Wairoa Welfare. Association 93 Northland United Council 43 Whangarei Council of Social Services 112

Primary Health Care Arthritis and Rheumatism Poundation 59 Asthma Society 60 Cancer Society 62 Child Cancer Foundation 64 Civilian Maimed Association 66 Diabetes Society 70 Domiciliary services (Hospital Board) 29 Family Planning Association 72 Federation of Sports Medicine 73 Foundation for the Blind 75 General medical practitioners 47 Hearing Association 78 Home Aid Scheme 79 IYDP Committee 81 Mastectomy Association 88 Multiple Sclerosis Society 90 National Heart Foundation 91 Natural Family Planning Association 92 Northland Alcohol Advisory Service 31 Northland Medical Poufldation 94 Optometrists 52 Order of St John 107 Ostomy Society 95 Paraplegics and Physically Disabled Association 96 Parenthood Education Committee 97 Pharmacists 52 Physiotherapists (private) 53 Podiatrists 53 Practice nurses 54 Public health nurses (Department of, Health) 12 Red Cross 100 Riding for the Disabled 103 Salvation Army 104 Womens Division Federated Farmers 113

Service index 117

Specialist and Hospital Services Cancer Society 62 Child Health Clinic 27 Domiciliary Services (Hospital Board) 29 Dietary departments (Hospital Board) 28 Friends of the Hospital 76 Hospital Chaplain 80 Mastectomy Association 88 Medical specialists (private) 49 Northland Alcohol Advisory Service 31 Northland Hospital Board 16 Northland Medical Foundation 94 Northland Pathology Laboratory 50 Northland Radiology Laboratory 51 Occupational therapy services (Hospital Board) 32 Ostomy Society 95 Pathology laboratories (Hospital Board) 33 Physiotherapists (private) 53 Physiotherapy services (Hospital Board) 34 Psychiatric wards and services 36 Radiology services (Hospital Board) 37 Rehabilitation officers (Hospital Service) 102 Services for the elderly (Hospital Board) 37 St Marys Hospital 15

Public Health and Environmental Protection Audio-visual testers 3 Federation of Sports Medicine 73 Inspectors of Health (Dept of Health) 6 Local authorities 41 Occupational health (Dept of Health) 11 Occupational health nurses (private) 51

Child Health Asthma Society 60 Audio-visual testers 3 Child Abuse Prevention Society 63 Child Cancer Voundation 64 Child Health Ohmic 27 Crippled Children Society 68 Family Care 71 Foster Care Association 74 Help for Hyperactive Children 78 Home Aid Scheme 79 La Leche League 83 Maun.0 Child Health Camp 89 Medical Offibers (Dept of Health) 9 Mobile ear clinic 10

Service index 118

Parent Help (see Child Abuse Prevention Soc. page 63) Parenthood Education Committee 97 Plunket Society 97 Pregnancy Support 98 Psychological Service of the Dept of Education 44 Residential Nursery and Creche 102 Society for the Intellectually Handicapped 107 St Johns Day Care Centre 109 Tikipunga Protestant Jhildrens Home 110 Whangarei Child. Care Centre 111

HeaDbTi of the Elderly Arthritis and Rheumatism Society 59 Oare of the Aged Committee 112 Catholic Social Services 62 Civilian Maimed Association 66 Home Aid Scheme 79 Home .Line 86 Kamo Home 82 Kauri Lodge 20 Laura Ambury Lodge 20 Potter Home 20 Puriri Lodge 20 Selwyn Park 106 Services for the elderly (Hospital) 37 Shalom 55 Switzer Home 109

Mental Health Al-Anon and Al-Ateen 57 Alcoholics Anonymous 58 Birthright 61 Court Aid/Prisoners Aid and Rehabilitation Society 67 Family Health Counselling Service 30 Flat sville Trust 73 Foster Care Association 74 Headway 77 Home Aid Scheme 79 Home 11ine 86 Life Line 85 Marriage Guidance Council 87 Northland Alcohol Advisory Service 31 Northland Association for Mental Health 94 Parent Help (see Child Abuse Prevention Society page 63 ) Pregnancy Support Presbyterian Social Services Association It Prisoners Aid and Rehabilitation Society (see Court Aid page 67) Psychiatric Wards and Services 36 Salvation Army 104 Trust houses 111 Service index 119

Dental Health

Dental services (Dept of Health) 3 Dental technicians 45 Dentists 45

Service index

P. D. HASSELBERG, GOVERNMENT PRINTER, WELLINGTON. NEW ZEALAND-1962 81 6228-600/5/82R SECTION 7. INFORMATION SOURCES INTRODUCTION

The source of all data provided in the profile sections of the handbook is stated underneath the table concerned. This section is a summary of those sources.

Many of the mortality and morbidity publications published by the National Health Statistics Centre will already be held by Hospital Boards and District Health Offices. These publications are distributed by NHSC upon request.

The Department of Statistics publications may not be so widely known. These publications contain basic population and social data applicable to the region and New Zealand as a whole. While much of this data is already presented in the handbook the publications may provide the data in more detailed form or further data not otherwise included.

Generally, information at a national level is published while that at a sub-national level needs to be requested from the department or agency involved.

Using Section 7

In Section 7, the sources used in assembling the tables are mentioned only once in each section although the sources may have been used several times.

When the same source is used in several sections, title and publisher is given each time but the frequency, description, and availability of the material is only provided the first time it is quoted and reference is made to it thereafter.

Those publications marked with an asterisk are particularly relevant. Hospital Boards, District Offices and other interested bodies may wish to obtain for themselves copies of these publications. A charge will be made for some of these publications. 7/2 CONTENTS

General Catalogues and Indexes Published

Section 1. Regional Description • Published • Unpublished

Section 2. Population Characteristics and Trends • Published • Unpublished

Section 3. Social and Economic Characteristics • Published - • Unpublished

Section 4. Health Status • Published • Unpublished

Section 5. Health Risks • Published • Unpublished

Appendices • Appendix 1. Department of Statistics Publications and Services - Access to Department of Statistics Publications - How to obtain Department of Statistics Publications - A. New Zealand Government Printing Office - Publications Services - B. Department of Statistics Publications Services

• Appendix 2. Department of Health Publications and National Health Statistics Centre Information Systems - National Health Statistics Centre Information Systems - National Health Statistics Centre Publications - Special Report Series - Occasional Paper Series - Blue Book Series - Health Medical Manpower Publications

• Appendix 3. Guide to Health Services Research

• Appendix 4. Requesting Unpublished Data 7/3

GENERAL CATALOGUES AND INDEXES PUBLISHED:

(l) TITLE: Catalogue of New Zealand Statistics. PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: First published in 1962. The fourth edition published in 1977 in loose leaf form was updated at six-monthly intervals. As of May 1981, the large number of entries which required amending made it impractical to issue further amendments. The department is currently engaged in developing a computerised index/documentation system as part of the redevelopment of the existing Computerised Information Storage System (CISS). Eventually, descriptive documentation relating to all official statistics will be held on the system. This will enable the production of a more useful and informative catalogue which will probably be available in 1983 or 1984. DESCRIPTION: The Statistics Act 1975 gave the Department of Statistics responsibility for co-ordinating official statistics. This catalogue reflects this new responsibility in that it covers the whole range of statistics produced by Government departments. In addition, references to the statistics produced by some Government agencies are included. The Catalogue is designed to give brief information on the various statistical surveys carried out by the Government departments and is the result of a stock-take following the passing of the Statistics Act 1975. The title of statistics collected, agency responsible, frequency of collection, description of statistics available, the publication title and/or contact for further information are provided for each entry. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Copies of the 1977 edition and amendments are still available. For a copy of this publication contact: Executive Officer, Survey Control Section, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Wellington.

(2) TITLE: Descriptive List of Publications As At 30 September 1981 PUBLISHED BY: Information Services Division, Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Revised annually. DESCRIPTION; The increasing interest in and use of New Zealand statistics has made it desirable that the department produce a descriptive list giving a brief guide to the contents of publications. It is intended that this list will give users a better introduction to the publications of the department. The list is concerned only with publications issued by the Department of Statistics and does not include statistical publications from other New Zealand agencies. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Enquiries (Publications), Information Services Division, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Wellington. 7/4

(3) TITLE: Index of Statistics, 1979 Edition PUBLISHED BY: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health. FREQUENCY: Revised every 2 years approximately. DESCRIPTION: The aim of this index is to provide for users of health statistics, a comprehensive list of data published by the Department of Health and to indicate in which publication each subject appears. Specific diseases and topics are included only when time series tabulations-are published. Titles in the Special Report Series are also listed. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: The Chief Health Statistician, National Health Statistics Centre, P 0 Box 6314, wellington.

(4) TITLE: Miscellaneous Series Bulletin 8: -1976 Census of Population and Dwellings: The Range and Availability of Regional Statistics. PUBLISHED BY: - Department of Statistics. - FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1976). DESCRIPTION: - Lists tabulations of published and unpublished data available at regional levels from the Census of Population and Dwellings 1976. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Enquiries (Publications), Information Services Division, Department of Statistics, Wellington. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(5) TITLE: Miscellaneous Series Bulletin 9: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings: The Range and Availability of National Statistics. PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1976). DESCRIPTON: Lists tabulations of published and unpublished data available at national level from the Census of Population and Dwellings 1976. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Enquiries (Publications), Information Services Division, Department of Statistics, Wellington. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(6) TITLE: Can We Help? PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. - FREQUENCY: As required - approximately biannually (latest May 1982). DESCRIPTION: This pamphlet is published and updated by the Information Services Division of the Department of Statistics. Its aim is to provide a ready source of information on the departments statistics; where they are produced, and the name of the officer to contact about their production. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: The pamphlet is distributed free of charge to interested users, and requests for inclusion on the mailing list for future editions should be addressed to: Miss C Poppe, Enquiries (Publications),Information Services Division, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Wellington. 7/5

SECTION 1 REGIONAL DESCRIPTION

PUBLISHED:

(1) TITLE: Northlands Regional Resources Survey PUBLISHED BY: Northland Regional Development Council in partnership with Northland Regional Planning Authority, principal consultants. DATE OF PUBLICATION: September 1978. DESCRIPTION: The object of the survey is to present a record of the resources of the region to the Government, Local Bodies and general public with information that will assist the orderly development of the region for the common good. (Jim Robertson, Chairman, Northland Regional Development Council.)

UNPUBLISHED:

(1) TITLE: Northlands Direction. A Policy Statement For Regional Development Planning PREPARED BY: Northland Regional Planning Authority. DATE RELEASED: October 1978. DESCRIPTION: A statement of the objectives and policies for the future development of the region and of means by which they can be implemented - a discussion document.

(2) TYPE OF DATA: - Information on economic and social aspects of the Northland region and its future development. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Regional Planning Officer, Regional Planning Division, Northland United Council, Private Bag, Whangarei, Telephone 84-879 Whangarei. 7/6

SECTION 2 - POPULATION CHARACTERISTICS AND TRENDS - PUBLISHED:

(1) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin No 3, Northland Statistical Area PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1976). DESCRIPTION: Contains population data on distribution, age structure, marital status, ethnicity, place of birth, occupational status, employment by industry, occupations, income, educational attainment, religious professions, travel to work as well as household and dwelling statistics on type of household, nature of dwelling, tenure, rent, means of heating,cooking and hotwater service, household amenities, presence of insulation. This information is from the Census of Population and Dwellings for the Northland Statistical Area, each local authority and subdivisions thereof. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $1.00. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(2) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin No 12, New Zealand Summary PUBLISHED BY: . Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1976). DESCRIPTION: Contains the same type of information as in Bulletin No 3 above for each Statistical Area and the New Zealand total. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $1.20. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(3) TITLE: Monthly Abstract of Statistics Nov/Dec 1981 PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Issued eleven times a year with a combined November/December issue. DESCRIPTION: Provides the latest statistical information over a wide range of economic and social statistics. Each issue has appendices on various statistical subjects. This issue contains an appendix on the 1981 Census of Population and Dwellings Final Population Statistics. ci 7/7

PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Price $4.50 per single copy or subscription $45.00 per year (subscription year is October to September). (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.) Population Information contained in the appendix to this issue should be the equivalent to that provided in the Regional Series when they are released.

(4) TITLE: New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings 1981, Provisional Statistics Series, Bulletin 1 Local Authority Areas PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1981). DESCRIPTION: Contains provisional population and dwelling counts taken on 24 March 1981. Includes total population figures for Statistical Areas, Statistical Divisions, Urban Areas, Local Authorities and subdivisions thereof. These figures are provisional and may be subject to further revision when a full check of questionnaires has been completed. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $5400. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.) Information in this publication will be superceded when the Regional Series is available.

(5) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Voluxnn 1B, Location and Increase of Population PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1976). DESCRIPTION: Gives statistics of population density in New Zealand, together with final population counts for various small areas designated as townships, localities, and vicinities. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $2.20. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(6) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Volumn 2, Ages and Marital Status (also 1966) PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1976). 7/8

DESCRIPTION: Provides statistics of the ages, sex and marital status of the New Zealand population as returned in the Census. The information is provided for Statistical Areas, Statistical Divisions, Urban Areas, Local Authorities and . subdivisionsthereof. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: 1 Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $2.50. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(7) TITLE: 2 New Zealand sub-national population projections, 1981-2001: report no 1 North and South Islands, statistical divisions and main urban areas - PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Current edition published 1981. Further data on population projections published five-yearly or as required. DESCRIPTION: - Contains population projections for the North and South Islands, statistical divisions and main urban areas analysed by age and sex. These projections have as bases the enumerated populations in the areas concerned at the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings and cover the period 1981-2001. -. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition,-price $4.30. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.) 1 -

(8) TITLE: New Zealand sub-hational population projections, 1981-2001: report no 2 local authority areas and non-administrative centres PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Current edition published 1981. Further data on population projections published five-yearly or as required. DESCRIPTION: Contains total population projections for all local authority areas and non-administrative centres (district communities and communities) with populations of 5,000 or more at the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: . Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $3.60. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.) 7/9

(9) TITLE: Vital Statistics 1978 (also 1971, 1975 and 1976) PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Annual (latest 1979-1980). DESCRIPTION: Presents statistics of births, deaths, and marriages which are of significance in relation to demographic influences on both economic and social developments in the community. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $2.50. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(10) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin No 22, Internal Migration PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1976). DESCRIPTION: Presents internal migration movements of the usually resident population aged 5 years and over whose address on census night was different from that five years earlier. Immigrants from overseas are included. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Enquiries (Publications), Information Services Division, Department of Statistics, Wellington. Current edition, price $1.20.

UNPUBLISHED:

(1) TYPE OF DATA: Population Statistics. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: The Chief Health Statistician, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington. Refer Department of Health, National Health Statistics Centre, Circular Memorandum 1982/2 (23 April 1982) To: Chief Executive Officers, All Hospital Boards, District Officer of Health, Head Office Divisions, MSRU. "POPULATION STATISTICS - At the request of the Department of Statistics, the National Health Statistics Centre (NHSC) will henceforth be the distribution centre for all population statistics. Future requests for either national population data or data relating to specific administrative areas are to be addressed to: The Chief Health Statistician, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington. The Department of Statistics has undertaken to supply NHSC with population statistics series relating to Hospital Board districts and Health Districts as they become available. Such series will include annual inter-censal estimates, projections and census counts. 7/10

For your information, latest data available are: final data for 1979 estimates, provisional estimates for 1980, and provisional 1981 census data for local authority areas (Bulletin No 1), National Statistics (Bulletin No 2) and Regional Statistics (Bulletin No 3). Final Census of Population and Dwelling (Vol 1A) will be released in May/June as will final figures for the Auckland and Wellington regions. Population estimates (31 December) for 1980 and 1981 will be available in September 1982 but 1982 estimates will not be available until final census data have been released. F J Findlay, Deputy Chief Health Statistician." 7/li

SECTION 3 - SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS PUBLISHED:

(1) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin 19 Households, Families and Fertility PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1976). DESCRIPTION: Includes data at a national level on type of household and group- living quarters by number of members, analysis of heads of house- holds by such variables as employment status, income, age and marital status and children born to ever-married females by Statistical Areas and Main Urban Areas. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Enquiries (Publications), Information Services Division, Department of Statistics, Wellington. Current edition, price $1.10. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(2) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Volumn 2, Ages and Manual Status PUBLISHED BY: DepaEtment of Statistics. Refei Section 2, Published data.

(3) TITLE: Justice Statistics PUBLISHED BY: Depar€ment of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Annual (latest 1976, Part A 1977-78). DESCRIPTION: Contains statistical data relating to: Court of Appeal, Supreme and Magistrates Courts, Childrens Court, traffic offences, prisons, prisoners, divorce and domestic proceedings. Provides a quantitative information base for review of penal policy, sociological research on crime, and the administration of the work of the courts and prisons. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price 1976 $2.20, Part A $3.15. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.) 7/12

(4) TITLE: Justice Statistics Bulletin, No 1, Divorce, Domestic Proceedings and Civil Actions, 1980 (also 1979) PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Annual (latest 1980). DESCRIPTION: Derived from information supplied by the Supreme Court and Magistrates Courts. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Enquiries (Publications), Information Services Division, Department of , Statistics, Wellington. Current edition, price $2.10. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(5) TITLE: Report of the Department of Social Welfare for the year ended 31 March 1980 (also 1971, 1976) PUBLISHED BY: Department of Social Welfare. FREQUENCY: Annual (latest 1981). DESCRIPTION: A report on the functions and work undertaken by the department foi the year. The appendix includes a variety of statistical tables concerning data at a national level. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $2.90. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(6) TITLE: Vital Statistics 1978 (also 1971, 1975 and 1976) PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. Refer Section 2, Published data. Publication includes data on ex-nuptial births.

(7) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin No 20, Education and Training PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1976). 7/13

DESCRIPTION: Shows, for persons 15 years and over, education level attained, current educational attendance, and attendance during the previous 12 months at organised courses for personal interest or development. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Enquiries (Publications), Information Services Division, Department of Statistics, Wellington. Current edition, price $1.20. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(8) TITLE: Census of Manufacturing 1976-77 Series B, Bulletin No 2, Northland Central Auckland, South-Auckland-Bay of Plenty Statistical Areas PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: 1976-77 census is the last of the annual series, the next census of manufacturing will be for the 1978-79 year, followed by a further census in 1981-82. Censuses of manufacturing will then continue on a five-yearly basis (latest 1978-79). DESCRIPTION: Summaries of operation by industry sub-group, by number of establishments, persons engaged, salaries,turnover and other parameters in the specified statistical areas. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $2.10. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(9) TITLE: Census of Manufacturing 1976-77 Series A, Bulletin No 1, General Statistics PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: 1976-77 census is the last of the annual series, the next census of manufacturing will be for the 1978-79 year, followed by a further census in 1981-82. Censuses of manufacturing will then continue on a five-yearly basis, with the quarterly sample survey of manufacturing industry groups (published in the "Monthly Abstract of Statistics") filling the gap between full coverage censuses. DESCRIPTION: Summaries of operation by industry sub-group, by number of establishments, persons engaged, salaries, turnover and other parameters at national level. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $1.10. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.) 7/14

(10)TITLE: 1971 Census of Population and Dwellings, Supplement No 1 Northland Statistical Area PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly. DESCRIPTION: This is the 1971 Census of Population and Dwellings equivalent to the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings Bulletin No 3, Northland Statistical Area. Refer Section 2, Published data.

(11)TITLE: New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings 1971 New Zealand Summary - -PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. DESCRIPTION: This is the 1971 Census of Population and Dwellingsequivalent to the 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings Bulletin No 12, New Zealand Summary. -Refer Section 2, Published data.

(12) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin No 3, Northland Statistical Area PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. Refer Section 2,.Published data.

(13) TITLE: • 1976 Census-of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin No 12, New Zealand Summary PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. LRefer Section 2, Published data. 7/15

(14)TITLE: New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings 1966, Volumn 4 Industries and Occupations (also 1961) PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1976). DESCRIPTION: Presents statistics on the growth, composition and deployment of New Zealands labour force, including the range of individual occupations within the various industry classifications. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price $5.65. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(15)TITLE: New Zealand Census of Population and Dwellings 1971, Volumn 2, Ages and Marital Status (also 1961, 1966) PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. Refer Section 2. Published data.

(16)TITLE: Monthly Employment Operations PUBLISHED BY: Research and Planning Division, Department of Labour, Head Office, Wellington. FREQUENCY: Monthly. DESCRIPTION: Contains numbers of persons registered unemployed, placements made, persons on training programmes etc., by employment district and New Zealand total. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Information Services Division, Department of Labour, Private Bag, Wellington. This publication is also available through main Public Libraries and district offices of the Department of Labour. 7/16

(17)TITLE: MajorProjects Advisory Group Newsletter, April 1981 PUBLISHED BY: Major Projects Advisory Group FREQUENCY: Irregular. DESCRIPTION: MPAG Newsletters are being produced to disseminate relevant information to the organisations associated with major developments. These newsletters will include general non- confidential information on individual projects, aggregated national and regional manpower demand estimates, information relating to manpower availability, and advice on relevant industry developments. NEWSLETTER AVAILABLE FROM: Major Projects Advisory Group, P0 Box 12-041, Wellington North.

(18)TITLE: Supplementary Tables to the Labour and Employment Gazette Half Yearly Employment Information Survey - February 1980 PUBLISHED BY: Department of Labour. FREQUENCY: Annual (latest February 1980). DESCRIPTION: Contains statistics on number of employees, hours worked, earnings etc., in surveyed industries by Employment District and New Zealand total. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Information Services Division, Department of Labour, Private Bag, Wellington. - This publication is also available through main Public Libraries and district offices of the Department of Labour. From the end of 1979 the information has been computerised and this has caused a delay in the release of recent publications. For information not currently published, requests should be directed to: Statistics Section, Research and Planning Division, Department of Labour, Private Bag, Wellington.

(19)TITLE: Report of the New-Zealand Police for the year ended 31 March 1981 PUBLISHED BY: New Zealand Police. FREQUENCY: Annual (latest 1981). DESCRIPTION: A report on the work undertaken by the department for the year. The appendix includes national figures on statistics of offences. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Government Bookshop. Current edition, price 90c. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.) 7/17

UNPUBLISHED:

(1) TYPE OF DATA: Unpublished data from the Censuses of Population and Dwellings, including type of household by number of members and marital status by age group. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Executive Officer, Population Section, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Christchurch.

(2) TYPE OF DATA: Sub-national information relating to benefits, pensions, children under the care and control of Department of Social Welfare, and Children and Young Persons Court Appearances. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Senior Research Officer, Statistics Unit, Department of Social Welfare, Private Bag 21, Postal Centre, Wellington 1.

(3) TYPE OF DATA: Information on kindergartens and playcentres. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Senior Research Officer (Statistics), Research and Statistics Division, Department of Education, Private Bag, Wellington.

(4) TYPE OF DATA: Information on Child Care Centres. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Clerk Subsidies, Community Services Section, Department of Social Welfare, Private Bag, Wellington.

(5) TYPE OF DATA: Unemployment data, especially detailed data at a sub-national level which is not published. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Executive Officer Statistics, Statistics Section, Research and Planning Division, Department of Labour, Private Bag, Wellington.

(6) TYPE OF DATA: Information on Police statistics at a sub-national level and also at a national level further to that published in the annual report. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Police Statistician, Statistics Operations Research, Management Services, Police National Headquarters, Private Bag, Wellington. 7/18

(7) TYPE OF DATA: Information on probation orders made and numbers attending periodic detention. SOURCE OF DATA: Inspector-Probation and Community Services, Probation Division, Department of Justice, Private Bag, Wellington. 7/19

SECTION 4 - HEALTH STATUS

PUBLISHED:

(1) TITLE: Mortality and Demographic Data 1978 (also 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977) PUBLISHED BY: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health. FREQUENCY: Annual (latest 1979). DESCRIPTION: Contains data on deaths by age, sex and cause. Also the analysis of infant mortality, perinatal deaths and late fetal and neonatal deaths by cause. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington.

(2) TITLE: Fetal and Infant Deaths 1978 (also 1975, 1976, 1977) PUBLISHED BY: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health. FREQUENCY: Annual (latest 1979). DESCRIPTIdN: Contains detailed information on fetal and Infant deaths by birthweight for Hospital district and Health district in which mother lived. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington.

(3) TITLE: Hospital and Selected Morbidity Data 1979 PUBLISHED BY: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health. FREQUENCY: Summarised annually for years ended 31 December (latest 1980). DESCRIPTION: Contains public hospital data on discharges and deaths by diagnosis, sex and age group, regional summaries by hospital district, mean stay and bed usage for selected ages and disease groups, accidents and operations, as well as selected private hospital data. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington. 7/20

(4) TITLE: Mental Health Data 1979 PUBLISHED BY: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health. FREQUENCY: Continuous collection summarised annually. DESCRIPTION: Contains data on first admissions, readinissions,discharges and deaths using various parameters including diagnosis, age, sex, hospital, domicile, length of stay and ethnicity. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health, P0 Box 6314, TeAro, Wellington.

(5) TITLE: Board of Health Report Series: No 27, 1980 Grading of Public Water Supplies in New Zealand PUBLISHED BY: Board of Health.

FREQUENCY: . 4 Five-yearly (latest 1980). DESCRIPTION: Contains tables and comments on the grading of public water supplies. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Environmental Health Branch, Division of Public Health, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, Wellington.

(6) TITLE: The Public Health.Report of the Department of Health for the year ended 31 March 1981 (also 1979, 1980) PUBLISHED BY: Department of Health. FREQUENCY: Annual. DESCRIPTION: A report on the functions and work undertaken by the department for the year. The appendix includes a variety of tables relating to the public health. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: The Government Bookshop. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.) 7/21

UNPUBLISHED:

(1) TYPE OF DATA: Health Statistics at a sub-national level and national level further to that already published. This includes discharges and deaths from public, private and psychiatric hospitals, days stay, and mortality, by diagnosis, age, sex, domicile, hospital of admission etc. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: The Chief Health Statistician, National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington.

(2) TYPE OF DATA: Information on congenital anomalies. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Congenital Anomaly Monitoring System, National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington. Information is released monthly in the Congenital Anomaly Monitoring Statement.

(3) TYPE OF DATA: Dental health information. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Division of Dental Health, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, Wellington.

(4) TYPE OF DATA: Immunisation Statistics. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Regional information - Whangarei District Health Office, P0 Box 137, Whangarei; or for regional and national information - Division of Health Promotion, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, Wellington.

(5) TYPE OF DATA: Medical examination at birth. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Congenital Anomaly Monitoring System, National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington. Information is released monthly in the Congenital Anomaly Monitoring Statement. 7/22

(6) . TYPE OF DATA: Medical examination of infants at 9 months. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Regional information - Whangarei District Health Office, P0 Box 137, Whangarei; or, for regional and national information - Family Health Branch, Division of Health Promotion, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, Wellington.

(7) TYPE OF DATA: Child Vision and Hearing Testing Results. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Regional information - Whangarei District Health Office, P0 Box 137, Whangarei; or, for regional and national information - Division of Health Promotion, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, Wellington. 7/23

SECTION 5 - HEALTH RISKS

PUBLISHED:

(1) TITLE: Mortality and Demographic Data 1978 (also 1974, 1975, 1976, 1977) PUBLISHED BY: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health. Refer Section 4, Published data.

(2) TITLE: Hospital and Selected Morbidity Data 1979 (also 1978) PUBLISHED BY: National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health. Refer Section 4, Published data.

(3) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin No 24 - Cigarette Smoking PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly. (First and current edition 1976.) DESCRIPTION: Describes cigarette smoking practice (not cigar or tobacco consumption) for the New Zealand population at national level. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: - Government Bookshop, current edition, price $1.10. (Refer Section 7, Appendix 1.)

(4) TITLE: Board of Health Report Series No 27, 1980 Grading of Public Water Supplies in New Zealand PUBLISHED BY: Board of Health. Refer Section 4, Published data.

(5) TITLE: Board of Health Cyclostyled Report Series No 9, 1977 Grading of Solid Waste Disposal Sites in New Zealand PUBLISHED BY: Board of Health. FREQUENCY: Five-yearly (latest 1977). 7/24

DESCRIPTION: Contains tables and comments on solid waste disposal sites in New Zealand. PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: Environmental Health Branch, Division of Public Health, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, wellington.

(6) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin No 3 - Northland Statistical Area PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. Refer Section 2, Published data.

(7) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Bulletin No 12 - New Zealand Regional Summary PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. Refer Section 2, published data.

(8) TITLE: 1976 Census of Population and Dwellings, Miscellaneous Series No 3 - The Range and Availability of Regional Statistics PUBLISHED BY: Department of Statistics. Refer General Catalogues and Indexes, Published data. Lists unpublished data on household and dwelling characteristics.

(9) TITLE: - - Urban Housing Stock in New Zealand Voluxnn 1: Northland Statistics from the Valuation Departments Land Use Data Records PUBLISHED BY: National Housing Commission. DATA PUBLISHED: June 1979. DESCRIPTION: Contains information on urban housing stock including such things as type of dwelling, construction of dwelling, floor area, condition, age etc. - PUBLICATION AVAILABLE FROM: The Secretary, National Housing Commission, PC Box 1789, wellington. 7/25

(10) TITLE: The Public Health.Report of the Department of Health for the year ended 31 March 1981 (also 1979, 1980) PUBLISHED BY: Department of Health. Refer Section 4, Published data.

UNPUBLISHED:

(1) TYPE OF DATA: Accidents - deaths, and discharges and deaths from hospitals at sub-national and national level further to that already published. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: The Chief Health Statistician, National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington.

(2) TYPE OF DATA: Compensated accidents. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Chief Research Officer, Accident Compensation Corporation, Private Bag, Wellington.

(3) TYPE OF DATA: Information on alcohol consumption statistics at a national level, and on alcoholic liquor sales at both a national and sub-national level. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Alcoholic Liquor Advisory Council, P0 Box 5023, Wellington. A.L.A.C. compile information from such primary sources as the Census of Distribution published by the Department of Statistics.

(4) TYPE OF DATA: Information on alcohol-related mortality and morbidity at a sub- national level. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: The Chief Health Statistician, National Health Statistics Centre, Department of Health, P0 Box 6314, Te Aro, Wellington.

(5) TYPE OF DATA: Cigarette smoking practise at a sub-national level. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Executive Officer, Population Section, Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Christchurch. 7/26

(6) TYPE OF DATA: Information on public water supplies, sewerage systems, refuse disposal sites, housing quality, diseases arising from occupation and other public health data. DATA AVAILABLE FROM: Regional information - Medical Officer of Health, Whangarei District Health Office, P0 Box 137, Whangarei; or regional and national information - Division of Public Health, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, Wellington. 7/27

APPENDIX 1 : DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATIONS AND SERVICES

THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION IS TAKEN FROM THE INTRODUCTION TO THE "DESCRIPTIVE LIST OF PUBLICATIONS AS AT 30 SEPTEMBER 1981" PUBLISHED BY THE INFORMATION SERVICES DIVISION, DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS.

ACCESS TO DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATIONS

The Department of Statistics has four offices in New Zealand: Those in Auckland, Christchurch and Dunedin have a small time series (usually 3-5 years, but often longer) of publications available for study. The head office (Wellington) library has a complete series of the departments publications available for study. The age and rarity of many earlier editions means that they must be studied in the library and cannot be borrowed.

In addition to its own offices the department sends publications to differing locations under various complimentary, exchange and depository agreements. The libraries listed below receive copies of publications:

General Assembly Library, Wellington Alexander Turnbull Library, Wellington Hocken Library, University of Otago, Dunedin Whangarei Public Library Auckland Public Library Manukau Public Library Hamilton Public Library Rotorua Public Library Gisborne Public Library Napier Public Library Palmerston North Public Library New Plymouth Public Library War Memorial Library, Lower Hutt Wellington Public Library Nelson Public Library Canterbury Public Library, Christchurch Timaru Public Library Dunedin Public Library Invercargill Public Library Library, University of Auckland Library, University of Waikato, Hamilton Library, Massey University, Palmerston North Library, Victoria University, Wellington Library, University of Canterbury, Christchurch Library, Lincoln College, Christchurch Library, University of Otago, Dunedin.

Other public libraries, not listed above, receive various publications.

HOW TO OBTAIN DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATIONS

The New Zealand Government Printing Office acts as the departments agent for standing orders and subscriptions. All publications except those available through Enquiries (Publications), Department of Statistics, are available through the Government Printing Office. 7/28

A. NEW ZEALAND GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE - PUBLICATIONS SERVICES

GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE BOOKSHOPS ARE LOCATED AS FOLLOWS:

AUCKLAND: Rutland Street, Hannaford Burton Building, Private Bag, C.P.O., Phone 32-919. HAMILTON: Ward Street, Government Life Building, P0 Box 857, Phone 80-103. WELLINGTON: Mulgrave Street, Head Office, Private Bag, Phone 737-320. WELLINGTON: - Cubacade, World Trade Centre, Private Bag, Phone 849-572. CHRISTCHURCH: 159 Hereford Street, Malvern House, Private Bag, Phone 797-142. DUNEDIN: Princes Street, T and G Building, P0 Box 1104, Phone 778-294.

Mail Orders - A mail order service is provided for out-of-town customers. Special discounts are available for bulk orders, schools, universities, students, and libraries.

POSTAGE AND PACKAGING CHARGE - MAIL ORDERS - NEW ZEALAND CLIENTS

If two or more copies ordered, the remittance should cover the cash price and the maximum postage and packaging charge for the total value of purchases as follows:

Maximum Postage and

Total Value of Purchases Packaging Charge

35c Up to $1.50 45c $1.51 to $5 70c $5.01 to $10.00 $1.25 $10.01 to $20.00 $3.00 $20.01 to $50.00 $50.01 to $100.00 $4.00

NOTE TO NEW ZEALAND CLIENTS

In the present economic situation we are asking clients to assist us by including payment with all orders which do not exceed $10 in value. We are sure you will agree that to process items of less than this value through a credit system can involve costs which far outweigh the value of the order. Your co-operation in this matter will be greatly appreciated.

Payment - Cheques and Postal Notes should be marked "Not Negotiable" and made payable to the Government Printing Office.

B. DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS PUBLICATIONS SERVICES

All publications not available through the New Zealand Government Printing Office are available from the department. H 7/29

MAILING ORDERS/STANDING ORDERS/SUBSCRIPTIONS

Unless-otherwise indicated all orders should be sent to:

Enquiries (Publications) Information Services Division Department of Statistics WELLINGTON.

Orders will not be accepted from subscription agencies.

OCCASIONAL SALES

Small stocks of publications, for personal sales only, are held in the departments offices at. Auckland and Christchurch.

Stocks, including a limited number of back issues, are held in the Wellington office.

ENQUIRIES ABOUT PUBLICATIONS

All enquiries about availability, cost etc, of publications should be sent to Enquiries (Publications).

PRICES OF PUBLICATIONS

Prices listed are for the edition shown and are quoted in New Zealand dollars. Prices for subsequent editions are subject to change without notice. Subscriptions are subject to an annual review.

POSTAGE

Publications to New Zealand destinations are sent surface mail at the rates quoted under Government Printing Office Publications Services. Air Mail to New Zealand destinations is charged at PRINTED PAPERS rate.

REPRODUCTION OF MATERIAL

Any table or other material published by the Department of Statistics may be reproduced and published, as part of articles and papers, without further licence provided it does not purport to be published under Government authority, and that acknowledgement is made of the source.

MICROFORM EDITIONS OF PUBLICATIONS

At present the only publications available in microform are the Shipping and Coastal Cargo Statistics which commenced in January 1980 and are available on a monthly and/or annual basis.

These microfiche can be obtained from: Enquiries (Publications), Department of Statistics, Private Bag, Wellington, at a cost of 30 cents per fiche. 7/30

DEPARTMENT OF STATISTICS CATALOGUES

Miscellaneous catalogues are published every 2 months giving a full description and price of new publications.

A list of publications, issued twice yearly, lists only titles and prices.

Catalogues are available on application, or if you wish to be placed on the free mailing list to receive catalogues, please write to or call in at your local Government Bookshop.

NOTE: Prices and availability are correct at time of going to print, but are subject to alteration without notice. Pre-paid orders will only be accepted if publications are available at the time of ordering.

1

7/31

APPENDIX 2 : DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH PUBLICATIONS AND NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE INFORMATION SYSTEMS

NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE - INFORMATION SYSTEMS

1 Mortality

2 Fetal and Perinatal Mortality

3 Public Hospital Morbidity

4 Private Hospital Morbidity

5 Psychiatric Inpatient Registration

6 Cancer Registration

7 Congenital Anomaly Monitoring

8 Hospital Management

9 Sterilisation

10 Five-Yearly Census of Hospital Beds

11 Blindness Registration

12 Multiple Sclerosis Registration

13 Hydatid Disease Registration

14 Medical Notification of Birth

15 Congenital Anomaly Registration

16 Twin Registration

NATIONAL HEALTH STATISTICS CENTRE - PUBLICATIONS

Annual Reports

1 Mortality and Demographic Data

2 Fetal and Infant Deaths

3 Hospital and Selected Morbidity Data

4 Cancer Data

5 Mental Health Data

6 Hospital Management Data

7 Sterilisation Notifications

Other Publications

1 Congenital Anomaly Monitoring 2 Trends in Health and Health Services 3 Index of Statistics 7/32

SPECIAL REPORT SERIES

TITLE DATE OF ISSUE No. 1 Maori-European Standards of Health April 1960 No. 2 Domestic Accidents (Public Hospital Admissions) July 1960 No. 3 The Grey Valley Survey (Lung Function in Coal Miners) February 1961 No. 4 Elderly Patients in Public Hospitals, 1958 March 1961 No. 5 Smoking Habits of School Children May 1961 No. 6 Survey of Work in Compressed Air-Auckland Harbour Bridge April 1962 No. 7 Tuberculosis in Canterbury July 1962 No. 8 Maori Patients in Mental Hospitals October 1962 No. 9 Census of Mental Hospital Patients, 1961 April 1963 No. 10 Elderly Persons Accommodation Needs in New Zealand, 1962 April 1963 No. 11 Patient-Nurse Dependency: Exploratory Study December 1963 No. 12 Patient-Nurse Dependency: General Survey Data January 1965 No. 13 Patient-Nurse Dependency: Gynaecology March 1964 No. 14 Patient-Nurse Dependency: Geriatrics December 1964 No. 15 Patient-Nurse Dependency in Christchurch: Paediatrics September 1963 No. 16 Smoking Habits of New Zealand Doctors July 1964 No 17 Infant and Foetal Loss in New Zealand October 1964 No. 18 Trends in Notifiable Disease December 1964 No. 19 Survey of Factory First Aid 1963-64 December 1964 No. 20 Patient-Nurse Dependency: General Surgery December 1964 No. 21 Patient-Nurse Dependency: Orthopaedic Surgery January 1965 No. 22 Patient-Nurse Dependency: General Medicine April 1965 No. 23 Patient-Nurse Dependency G.U. EYE, E.N.T. May 1965 No. 24 Diseases of the Ear, Nose and Throat in Maori Children July 1965 No. 25 Maori Patients in Public Hospitals October 1965 No. 26 The Health of Two Groups of Cook Island Maoris November 1966 No. 27 Mental Hospitals Admission and Release Data Cohort Study of First Admissions, 1962 November 1967 No. 28 Occupational Mortality Among Male Population, Other Than Maoris, 20 to 64 Years of Age November 1967 No. 29 Dental Health Status of the New Zealand Population in Late Adolescence and Young Adulthood May 1968 No. 30 Census of Mental Hospital Patients, 1966 May 1968 No. 31 Survey of the Public Dental Health Service in Niue and Plan for Development May 1968 No. 32 Hospital Food Services March 1969 No. 33 Bibliography of the Epidemiology of New Zealand and its Island Territories April 1969 7/33

TITLE DATE OF ISSUE No. 34 Census of Public and Private Hospital Patients, and Old Peoples Homes, 1966 December 1969 No. 35 Domestic Accidents September 1970 No. 36 An Evaluation of a Regional Mass Miniature Radiography Programme 1956-67 November 1970 No. 37 Maori European Comparisons in Mortality November 1972 No. 38 Physical Development of New Zealand School Children 1969 September 1971 No. 39 Psychiatric Illness Causing Hospitilisation or Death 1967 January 1973 No. 40 Census of Mental Hospital Patients, 1971 October 1973 No. 41 Census of Public, Private and Maternity Hospital Patients, and Old Peoples Homes, 1971 October 1973 No. 42 Cancer of the Lung in New Zealand October 1973 No. 43 Organisation of the Work of Hospital House Surgeons October 1975 No. 44 Growth of New Zealand Pre-School Children October 1975 No. 45 Maternal and Infant Care in Wellington - A Health Care Consumer Study October 1975 No. 46 Accommodation and Service Needs of the Elderly October 1976 No. 47 Survey of Patients in Psychiatric Hospitals October 1974 No. 48 Family Growth Study 1976 No. 49 A Patient Opinion Survey, Wellington Hospital 1977 No. 50 Peririatal Mortality in New Zealand 1972-73 1977 No. 51 Home Help Services in New Zealand 1978 1978 No. 52 Lung Function and Chronic Bronchitis in New Zealand 1978 No. 53 Health Expenditure in New Zealand - Trends and Growth Patterns 1979 No. 54 Bed Occupation Survey 1976 1979 No. 55 Survey of Occupied Psychiatric Hospital Beds and Psychiatric Day and Outpatients, 1976 1979 No. 56 Community Attitudes to Sickness and Health Volumes 1, 2 and 3. 1979 No. 57 The Worklife of Qualified Nurses in One Metropolitan Hospital: A Pilot Project 1980 No. 58 Not Published No. 59 Physical Disability: Results of a Survey in the Wellington Hospital Board Area 1981 No. 60 Manawatu Family Growth Study 1981

Note: Special Report Series are obtainable from the Government Publications Bookshops. 7/34

OCCASIONAL PAPER SERIES

No. 1 A Comparative study of disease specific length of stay in New Zealand hospitals (1972) - G C Salmond No. 2 Case-mix complexity as a factor in the financing of hospital boards (1974) - V M Morel No. 3 A proposal for future social research on the elderly in New Zealand (1975) - Peggy G Koopman-Boyden (a lecturer in sociology at the University of Canterbury) No. 4 A look at nursing in three surgical wards (1975) - Jan E Dowland No. 5 Keeping track of rising prices - A hospital price index (1976) - A Smith and M High No. 6 Management and Clinical Applications of the Computerised admission/ discharge system (1977) - W I McKean No. r7 Intensive Nursing Care Units in Public Hospitals (1978), - B E King and A R Westerdiep No. 8 Management of Laboratory Services (1978). The rising workload: A critical appraisal of cause and effect. R T Kennedy (Principal Technologist Auckland Hospital Laboratories) No. 9 Women in Medicine - J C van Rooyen (1978) No. 10 Nursing staff employed by Hospital Boards in New Zealand 1977 and 1979 compared - B E King and M P Fletcher No. 11 The Worklife of Qualified Nurses: The Pilot Project. A Users Guide to Methodology and Mechanics - B E King and M P Fletcher, S McKenzie (1980) No. 12 Samoan Health Practices in Wellington - P J Kinloch (1980) No. 13 The Wellington Hospital Board Corporate Planning Process - R H Howell and R J Perkins (1980) No. 14 Survey of Home Visits by Public Health Nurses in the Dunedin Health District - V M Blakey and F V Bradley (1980) No. 15 Continuity of Care in Day Centres for the Elderly - V Grant (1981) No. 16 Hearing Screening and Treatment Services for , Children - B M Laugesen (1981) No. 17 Vision Screening for Children - B M Laugesen (1981) No. 18 Cerebral Palsy Incidence in New Zealand and Delays to Physical Treatment - M VandenBerg and B M Laugesen (1981) No. 19 Medical Impact of Insects and Arachnids in New Zealand 1967-1976 - R L Brock (1982) No. 20 On Their Own - Disabled Persons Living Alone - Jan Dowland, A Jack, J Hyslop (1982)

Note: Extra copies of all the Occasional Paper series are available upon application to Management Services and Research Unit, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, Wellington. 7/35

BLUE BOOK SERIES

TITLE DATE OF ISSUE No. 1 An Experimental Bidet Unit February 1970 No. 2 A Clinical Study of Aged Persons in Old Peoples Homes and Hospitals in Hawkes Bay July 1970 No. 3 Proceedings of the Second Seminar on Electronic Computers in Hospitals October 1971 No. 4 Simplification of the Drug Distribution System in a Geriatric Hospital January 1972 No 5 Persons with Mental Retardation in Auckland and Northland: A Report on an Accommodation Survey March 1972 No. 6 Planning Guidelines for Hospital Beds and Services October 1977 No. 7 Health Manpower Resources April 1978 No. 8 Report of the Advisory Committee to the Minister of Health on Resident Medical Officers May 1978 No. 9 Hospital Stores Stock Control and Guidelines on Accommodation September 1979 No. 10 The Nursing Workforce in New Zealand 1980 May 1981 No. 11 Data Editing: Methods of Quality Control January 1982 No. 12 Health Services Executive Manpower Workshop 1979 June 1982 No. 13 Health Manpower Resources, 1980 Data July 1982 Out of Print

Note: Copies of some of the above publications are available upon application to Management Services and Research Unit, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, Wellington.

HEALTH AND MEDICAL MANPOWER PUBLICATIONS o Medical Manpower in New Zealand - in association with the Medical Council of New Zealand. A report on a Planning Workshop held at Wairakei (1976). o New Zealand Nursing Manpower Planning Report - in association with New Zealand Nursing Education and Research Foundation (NERF). A report on a Planning Workshop held at Rotorua (1977). o Health Manpower Resources (1978). o Medical Manpower in New Zealand - Statistics - (September 1978). o Medical Manpower in New Zealand - Statistics - 1978 Data Supplement (January 1979). o Medical Manpower in New Zealand - Statistics - 1979 Data Supplement (October .1979). o Report to the Minister of Health on Medical Manpower Requirements - The Advisory Committee on Medical Manpower (May 1978). o General Practice Manpower in New Zealand - a discussion document — The Advisory Committee on Medical Manpower (July 1981).

Note: Copies of some of the above publications are available upon application to Management Services and Research Unit, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, Wellington. 7/36

APPENDIX 3 : GUIDE TO HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH

The "Guide to Health Services Research" is a publication to be released late in 1982 by the Health Services Research Committee (a joint committee of the Medical Research Council and the Department of Health).

It will contain information on more than 700 health-services-related research projects currently being undertaken in New Zealand, .or completed within the past five years. Projects will be listed according to alphabetical order of principle researcher and there will be an index of principal authors and researchers. There will also be a very detailed subject index, with the majority of projects being listed under several subject headings.

The publication will also contain information on the activities of the Health Services Research Committee and on the principal research foci in New Zealand.

It is expected to be useful not only to the Health Services Research Committee but also to students, teachers, and researchers of health services and health workers, planners and administrators.

The distribution has not been finalised. All contributors will receive a free copy. Further copies will be available from early 1983 upon request to: Guide to Health Services Research, Management Services and Research Unit, Department of Health, P0 Box 5013, Wellington. 7/37

APPENDIX 4.1 REQUESTING UNPUBLISHED DATA

This appendix is highlighting some points already made in the Introduction.

Refer to the relevant part of Section 7 for the position and address of the contact person for the data required.

National Health Statistics Centre data

To request information from NHSC based on the format of tables presented in this handbook will involve considerably less work for NHSC than a completely new request. For example, -changing the year or area code in an existing programme is a simple task compared with writing a new programme. Besides this time saving element, standardisation will enable comparisons to be made over time and between areas. When making a request that only involves minor variations on tables presented in this handbook, send in a copy of the table along with details of the alterations to be made, for example, the year or name of the hospital or health district.

When requesting new data, be as precise as possible in all details of the data required.

Department of Statistics or other government department or agency data

The same points apply here as with NHSC requests. If only minor alterations are necessary to tables presented here, it is suggested you send a copy of the table and details of the alterations required. For new data be precise in all details.

Whereas NHSC are aware of the boundaries of hospital and health districts it may be necessary to define these for other government departments. This is probably best achieved by citing the territorial local authorities from which they are formed. -

A charge may be made for data requested from the Department of Statistics.