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No. 148 Patric Jean, Napoléon, David
H-France Review Volume 6 (2006) Page 641 H-France Review Vol. 6 (December 2006), No. 148 Patric Jean, Napoléon, David: The Image Enthroned. Brooklyn, N.Y.: First Run / Icarus Films, 2005. VHS, 51 minutes. Color and black and white. $390.00 U.S. Review by Wayne Hanley, West Chester University of Pennsylvania. Few people in history have understood the political and propagandistic potential of visual imagery more than either Napoleon Bonaparte or the artist Jacques-Louis David. During the Revolution, David’s paintings were hailed for their revolutionary import, and his public festivals, such as the Fête of the Supreme Being, helped to spread revolutionary ideology to the masses. Napoleon made careful use of artists such as Antoine-Jean Gros, Andrea Appiani and David to help create his public image and ultimately to enable his coup d’état of 18-19 Brumaire (9 November 1799) and the creation of the empire.[1] It should not be surprising, then, that in 1804, Napoleon named David “First Painter of the Empire” and commissioned him to memorialize the coronation with a series of four paintings, the most famous of which is The Coronation of Napoleon I, the subject of this documentary. This monumental canvas represents the last of David’s propagandistic pieces, and in many ways it is his greatest. In it, as the Belgian writer and director Patric Jean ably demonstrates in his documentary Napoléon, David: The Image Enthroned, one can see all the grandeur (and illusion) of the Napoleonic Empire. Jean, whose previous documentaries include La raison du plus fort (which explores the social and cultural issues of immigration, race, and crime), sets the stage of this documentary with a discussion of David’s artistic and political background, of Napoleon’s meteoric rise to power, and of the relationship between the artist and the future emperor. -
PROLOGUE Josephine Beheaded
PROLOGUE Josephine Beheaded Marble like Greece, like Faulkner’s South in stone Deciduous beauty prospered and is gone . —Derek Walcott, “Ruins of a Great House,” Collected Poems There is a spectacle in Martinique’s gracious Savane park that is hard to miss. The statue honoring one of the island’s most famous citizens, Josephine Tascher, the white creole woman who was to become Napoleon’s lover, wife, and empress, is defaced in the most curious and creative of ways. Her head is missing; she has been decapitated. But this is no ordinary defacement: the marble head has been cleanly sawed off—an effort that could not have been executed without the help of machinery and more than one pair of willing hands—and red paint has been dripped from her neck and her gown. The defacement is a beheading, a reenactment of the most visible of revolutionary France’s punitive and socially purifying acts—death by guillotine. The biographical record shows Josephine born of a slaveholding family of declining fortunes, married into the ranks of France’s minor aristocracy, and surviving the social chaos of the French Revolution, which sentenced countless members of the ancien régime to the guillotine. In the form of this statue, she received her comeuppance in twentieth-century Martinique, where she met the fate that she narrowly missed a century earlier. Scratched on the pedestal are the words—painted in red and penned in creole— “Respe ba Matinik. Respe ba 22 Me” [Respect Martinique. Respect May 22]. The date inscribed here of the anniversary of the 1848 slave rebellion that led to the abolition of slavery on Martinique is itself an act of postcolonial reinscription, one that challenges the of‹cial French-authored abolition proclamation of March 31, 1848, and 2 CULTURAL CONUNDRUMS Statue of Josephine in Fort-de-France, Martinique, today. -
A Short History of Egypt – to About 1970
A Short History of Egypt – to about 1970 Foreword................................................................................................... 2 Chapter 1. Pre-Dynastic Times : Upper and Lower Egypt: The Unification. .. 3 Chapter 2. Chronology of the First Twelve Dynasties. ............................... 5 Chapter 3. The First and Second Dynasties (Archaic Egypt) ....................... 6 Chapter 4. The Third to the Sixth Dynasties (The Old Kingdom): The "Pyramid Age"..................................................................... 8 Chapter 5. The First Intermediate Period (Seventh to Tenth Dynasties)......10 Chapter 6. The Eleventh and Twelfth Dynasties (The Middle Kingdom).......11 Chapter 7. The Second Intermediate Period (about I780-1561 B.C.): The Hyksos. .............................................................................12 Chapter 8. The "New Kingdom" or "Empire" : Eighteenth to Twentieth Dynasties (c.1567-1085 B.C.)...............................................13 Chapter 9. The Decline of the Empire. ...................................................15 Chapter 10. Persian Rule (525-332 B.C.): Conquest by Alexander the Great. 17 Chapter 11. The Early Ptolemies: Alexandria. ...........................................18 Chapter 12. The Later Ptolemies: The Advent of Rome. .............................20 Chapter 13. Cleopatra...........................................................................21 Chapter 14. Egypt under the Roman, and then Byzantine, Empire: Christianity: The Coptic Church.............................................23 -
THE TALISMAN of CHARLEMAGNE: NEW HISTORICAL and GEMOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES Gerard Panczer, Geoffray Riondet, Lauriane Forest, Michael S
FEATURE ARTICLES THE TALISMAN OF CHARLEMAGNE: NEW HISTORICAL AND GEMOLOGICAL DISCOVERIES Gerard Panczer, Geoffray Riondet, Lauriane Forest, Michael S. Krzemnicki, Davy Carole, and Florian Faure The gem-bearing reliquary known as the Talisman of Charlemagne is closely associated with the history of Europe. Its legend follows such figures as Charlemagne, Napoleon I, Empress Josephine, Hortense de Beauharnais, Napoleon III, and Empress Eugénie. This study provides new historical information collected in France, Germany, and Switzer- land about the provenance of this exceptional jewel, which contains a large glass cabochon on the front, a large blue-gray sapphire on the back, and an assortment of colored stones and pearls. The first scientific gemological analysis of this historical piece, carried out on-site at the Palace of Tau Museum in Reims, France, has made it possible to identify the colored stones and offer insight into their possible geographic origins. Based on our data and com- parison with similar objects of the Carolingian period, we propose that the blue-gray sapphire is of Ceylonese (Sri Lankan) origin, that the garnets originate from India or Ceylon, and that most of the emeralds are from Egypt except for one from the Habachtal deposit of Austria. The estimated weight of the center sapphire is approximately 190 ct, making it one of the largest known sapphires as of the early seventeenth century. he Talisman of Charlemagne is a sumptuous Chapelle in French) on February 28, 814 CE. Since jewel that has passed through the centuries. At the emperor did not leave specific instructions, his Tvarious times it has been said to contain frag- entourage decided to bury him in Aachen Cathedral ments of the hair of the Virgin Mary and a remnant (Minois, 2010). -
Waterloo in Myth and Memory: the Battles of Waterloo 1815-1915 Timothy Fitzpatrick
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2013 Waterloo in Myth and Memory: The Battles of Waterloo 1815-1915 Timothy Fitzpatrick Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES WATERLOO IN MYTH AND MEMORY: THE BATTLES OF WATERLOO 1815-1915 By TIMOTHY FITZPATRICK A Dissertation submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Fall Semester, 2013 Timothy Fitzpatrick defended this dissertation on November 6, 2013. The members of the supervisory committee were: Rafe Blaufarb Professor Directing Dissertation Amiée Boutin University Representative James P. Jones Committee Member Michael Creswell Committee Member Jonathan Grant Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii For my Family iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank Drs. Rafe Blaufarb, Aimée Boutin, Michael Creswell, Jonathan Grant and James P. Jones for being on my committee. They have been wonderful mentors during my time at Florida State University. I would also like to thank Dr. Donald Howard for bringing me to FSU. Without Dr. Blaufarb’s and Dr. Horward’s help this project would not have been possible. Dr. Ben Wieder supported my research through various scholarships and grants. I would like to thank The Institute on Napoleon and French Revolution professors, students and alumni for our discussions, interaction and support of this project. -
Nu 40118 Or Er 0 H0
TH E l LLUSTRlOUil O RDER O F H OEBPI’PA LEM A N D K N I G H T S O F T . O H N O F E R L E M S J J US A . P ET ER G ERA RD T H E F O UND E R , , A N D T H E TH RE E GRE AT G R A N D MASTE RS OF T H E I L L U S N J E T R I U S O R D E R O S T . O O O F J H F R U S A L E M . r a n d In s el ec tin g th e thre e g m asters of th e Hospitalers , who . for their ability to organize and c om m and in battle . to assau lt or defend a fortre ss or city , or rule and govern so mix ed a body of m en of so m any langu ages as c onstit u te d The Illustrious Knights of S t . J ohn , of Palestine , Rhodes , and M alta , from their organi za A 9 A D D . 1 7 8 . tion 1 1 0 0 . to , and p articularly th e thre e to whom in ou r j ud gment the honor belongs for m uc h of the glory whic h a t a t ac hes to th e Order of the Kni ghts of M alt . we c annot be far “ du wrong w hen we nam e Raym ond Puy , Phi lip Villi ers de L Isl e Adam , and John de la Vale tte . -
The Crown Jewel of Divinity : Examining How a Coronation Crown Transforms the Virgin Into the Queen
Sotheby's Institute of Art Digital Commons @ SIA MA Theses Student Scholarship and Creative Work 2020 The Crown Jewel of Divinity : Examining how a coronation crown transforms the virgin into the queen Sara Sims Wilbanks Sotheby's Institute of Art Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.sia.edu/stu_theses Part of the Ancient, Medieval, Renaissance and Baroque Art and Architecture Commons Recommended Citation Wilbanks, Sara Sims, "The Crown Jewel of Divinity : Examining how a coronation crown transforms the virgin into the queen" (2020). MA Theses. 63. https://digitalcommons.sia.edu/stu_theses/63 This Thesis - Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship and Creative Work at Digital Commons @ SIA. It has been accepted for inclusion in MA Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ SIA. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Crown Jewel of Divinity: Examining How A Coronation Crown Transforms The Virgin into The Queen By Sara Sims Wilbanks A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Fine and Decorative Art & Design Sotheby’s Institute of Art 2020 12,572 words The Crown Jewel of Divinity: Examining How A Coronation Crown Transforms The Virgin into The Queen By: Sara Sims Wilbanks Inspired by Italian, religious images from the 15th and 16th centuries of the Coronation of the Virgin, this thesis will attempt to dissect the numerous depictions of crowns amongst the perspectives of formal analysis, iconography, and theology in order to deduce how this piece of jewelry impacts the religious status of the Virgin Mary. -
The French Invasion of Egypt and Its Legacy
The French Invasion of Egypt and Its Legacy Objective As a result of this lesson, students will be able to: • Explain the motivation behind the French invasion of Egypt. • Evaluate the impact of the French invasion of Egypt Materials Student Handout: The French Invasion Key Questions • Which great French general led the invasion of Egypt in 1798? • Why did France invade Egypt? • Napoléon used Egypt as a base to invade which territory? • How long were the French forces in Egypt? • In what year did Napoléon leave the Middle East to return to France? • What are the main complaints/concerns expressed by General Dogua in the letter excerpt? • What is the title (in French and/or English) of the literary, scientific, artistic work passed down to us from the time of Napoléon’s invasion of Egypt? References Readings Burleigh, Nina. Mirage: Napoleon's Scientists and the Unveiling of Egypt. First Edition. New York: HarperCollins, 2007. Cole, Juan. Napoleon’s Egypt: Invading the Middle East. First Edition. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2007. Goldschmidt, Arthur. Modern Egypt: The Formation of a Nation-State. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 2004. Digital DVD Bibliotheca Alexandrina, in conjunction with the International School of Information Science. Description de L’Égypte. 2004. [Description of Egypt] Websites http://napoleonsegypt.blogspot.com/ (Blog based on Juan Cole’s book, Napoleon’s Egypt; includes primary sources from the French perspective.) http://www.bibalex.org/English/index.aspx (Website for the Bibliotheca Alexandrina, with information on the digital DVD and link to the library’s site where one can purchase the DVD.) http://www.napoleonexhibit.com/ (Website for “Napoléon, An Intimate Portrait” exhibit; link contains some information on the invasion of Egypt and on the Description.) Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood. -
Timeline (PDF)
Timeline of the French Revolution 1789 1793 May 5 Estates General convened in Versailles Jan. 21 Execution of Louis XVI (and later, Marie Jun. 17 National Assembly Antoinette on Oct. 16) Jun. 20 Tennis Court Oath Feb. 1 France declares war on British and Dutch (and Jul. 11 Necker dismissed on Spain on Mar. 7) Jul. 13 Bourgeois militias in Paris Mar. 11 Counterrevolution starts in Vendée Jul. 14 Storming of the Bastille in Paris (official start of Apr. 6 Committee of Public Safety formed the French Revolution) Jun. 1-2 Mountain purges Girondins Jul. 16 Necker recalled Jul. 13 Marat assassinated Jul. 20 Great Fear begins in the countryside Jul. 27 Maximilien Robespierre joins CPS Aug. 4 Abolition of feudalism Aug. 10 Festival of Unity and Indivisibility Aug. 26 Declaration of Rights of Man and the Citizen Sept. 5 Terror the order of the day Oct. 5 Adoption of Revolutionary calendar 1791 1794 Jun. 20-21 Flight to Varennes Aug. 27 Declaration of Pillnitz Jun. 8 Festival of the Supreme Being Jul. 27 9 Thermidor: fall of Robespierre 1792 1795 Apr. 20 France declares war on Austria (and provokes Prussian declaration on Jun. 13) Apr. 5/Jul. 22 Treaties of Basel (Prussia and Spain resp.) Sept. 2-6 September massacres in Paris Oct. 5 Vendémiare uprising: “whiff of grapeshot” Sept. 20 Battle of Valmy Oct. 26 Directory established Sept. 21 Convention formally abolishes monarchy Sept. 22 Beginning of Year I (First Republic) 1797 Oct. 17 Treaty of Campoformio Nov. 21 Berlin Decree 1798 1807 Jul. 21 Battle of the Pyramids Aug. -
Eugene De Beauharnais
EUGENE DE BEAUHARNAIS Exposition présentée par la Fondation Napoléon, le Musée national des châteaux de Malmaison et Bois-Préau et la Réunion des Musées nationaux sur le site internet www.napoleon.org © Fondation Napoléon, avril 2000, tous droits réservés Une Vie en images [La Famille] Hector Viger (1819-1879) Visite de Joséphine (sic) de Beauharnais à son mari Alexandre détenu au Luxembourg Malmaison, Musée national du château ã RMN-D.Arnaudet Ce tableau réalisé sous le Second Empire montre une scène qui n’eut jamais lieu. Joséphine, qui se nommait encore Rose, était séparée de son mari Alexandre de Beauharnais depuis plusieurs années. Ni elle, ni ses enfants Eugène et Hortense ne lui rendirent visite lors de son incarcération au Luxembourg en mars 1794. Rose fut arrêtée peu après et enfermée dans l’ancien couvent des Carmes. Elle fut libérée le 6 août. Alexandre avait été guillotiné le 23 juillet. En dépit de son caractère imaginaire, l’œuvre n’en reste pas moins remarquable par le souci d’exactitude dans le rendu tant des détails du décor que des visages et des attitudes d’une famille menacée sous la Terreur. Le tableau a été exposé au Salon de 1867. Auguste Raffet (1804-1860) Le jeune Beauharnais redemande à Napoléon l’épée de son père Paris, Bibliothèque Thiers ã Bibliothèque Thiers-J.-L.Charmet Cette lithographie de 1826 s’inspire d’une anecdote célèbre extraite du Mémorial de Sainte-Hélène. En octobre 1795, le petit Eugène s’était présenté devant le général Bonaparte et l’avait supplié de conserver l’épée de son père qui avait été général de la République. -
NASAT 2011 Round 11 Tossups 1
NASAT 2011 Round 11 Tossups 1. This empire was defeated by the Hotaki dynasty at the Battle of Gulnabad. One ruler of this empire was Nader Shah, who went on to establish the Afsharid dynasty. The army of this dynasty was reformed and improved with help from the Englishman Robert Shirley. This empire was founded with help from the red-headdress wearing Qizilbash, and its founder was defeated by Selim the Great of the Ottoman Empire at the Battle of Chaldiran. This dynasty had its roots as a religious movement of the Sufi order and they made the Twelver movement the official state religion. For 10 points, name this Muslim dynasty of Iran from 1501 to 1726 that was started by Shah Ismail I. ANSWER: Safavid dynasty 064-11-30-11102 2. In one short story by this author, Schoner is driven crazy by his commander’s throat and strangles the Captain. In another of his works, the protagonist follows Lilly's advice and abandons his family for Italy, where he connects with Nan by playing the flute. This author of “The Prussian Officer” wrote a novel in which the protagonist gets romantically involved with Miriam Leivers and Clara Dawes and must deal with the death of his mother, Gertrude Morel. He wrote a novel in which Ivy Bolton is the nurse to a partially paralyzed nobleman, whose wife sleeps with the gamekeeper Oliver Mellors. For 10 points, name this author of Aaron's Rod, Sons and Lovers, and Lady Chatterley’s Lover. ANSWER: D. H. Lawrence [or David Herbert Richards Lawrence] 094-11-30-11103 3. -
Napoleon's Men
NAPOLEON S MEN This page intentionally left blank Napoleon's Men The Soldiers of the Revolution and Empire Alan Forrest hambledon continuum Hambledon Continuum The Tower Building 11 York Road London, SE1 7NX 80 Maiden Lane Suite 704 New York, NY 10038 First Published 2002 in hardback This edition published 2006 ISBN 1 85285 269 0 (hardback) ISBN 1 85285 530 4 (paperback) Copyright © Alan Forrest 2002 The moral right of the author has been asserted. All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyrights reserved above, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior written permission of both the copyright owner and the above publisher of this book. A description of this book is available from the British Library and the Library of Congress. Typeset by Carnegie Publishing, Lancaster, and printed in Great Britain by MPG Books, Cornwall. Contents Illustrations vii Introduction ix Acknowledgements xvii 1 The Armies of the Revolution and Empire 1 2 The Soldiers and their Writings 21 3 Official Representation of War 53 4 The Voice of Patriotism 79 5 From Valmy to Moscow 105 6 Everyday Life in the Armies 133 7 The Lure of Family and Farm 161 8 From One War to Another 185 Notes 205 Bibliography 227 Index 241 This page intentionally left blank Illustrations Between pages 108 and 109 1 Napoleon Bonaparte, crossing the Alps in 1800 2 Volunteers enrolling 3 Protesting