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OCCASIONAL PAPER No. 8 FAIRCHILD TROPICAL GARDEN

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OCCASIONAL PAPER No. 8 FAIRCHILD TROPICAL GARDEN OCCASIONAL PAPER No. 8 FAIRCHILD TROPICAL GARDEN LETTERS FROM THE PHILIPPINES Cf3y DAVID FAIRCHILD COCONUT GROVE, FLORIDA April 1, 1940 Left- The seed packing room in th e Bahay Kubo at Mt. Makilin g Nat . Forest Park where mos t of th e seeds collected in Luzon were pack ed, labelled and de­ scr ibed. Hugo Curran and the author, David Fairchi ld are at work. Junk Cheng Ho Right-The veranda covered with seeds and fruit s in proce ss of being clean ed by Gui lelmo for shipment to Coco nut G rove by air express. FOREWORD: These letters, printed here completely or in part, have been received by the Director and members of the Fairchild Tropical Garden from its President Emeritus, Dr. David Fairchild. With Mrs. Fairchild, he has spent some months plant-exploring in the jungles of the Philippines before leaving for the Moluccas and Spice Islands on the Archbold-Fairchild Expedition for the Fair­ child Tropical Garden. They have now left Manila with Mrs. Anne Archbold of Washington, D. C., the expedition's sponsor, on the junk Cheng Ho which she had built in Hong Kong as a floating laboratory. More of Dr. Fairchild's finely written obser­ vation11 on plant life in the South Seas will appear in subsequent Occasional Papers. We are indebted to the National Georgraphic Society for the photographic enlargements reproduced herein. ,•::t.r8.if't:~::..,,. ··•~•.f' . ,,,t. LUZON, NOVEMBER 16, 1939 fruits of this Ficus megacarpa and to take a few thousand seeds from them for the air p~st. J wish it were within the power of this feeble Suddenly I heard a yell from Sulit, "Palin­ pen of mine to give the members of the Fair­ dan," "Palindan." He had spied back from the child Tropical Garden some faint idea of what path a tall palm of Orania palindan and was cut­ collecting in these virgin forests is like. To tread ting his way _to it through the jungle. I followed. the leaf-carpeted floor of a Dipterocarp forest There was the handsome palm 40 feet high with is in itself an experience to look back to. The leaves as splendid as those of a coconut, each hav­ still coolness of its shade, ·the endless and fas­ ing a base even larger than most coconut leaves cinating variety of the forms of life that com­ have. Instead of the usual bunch of coconuts pose it, the sounds, the calls of the horn bill there was a big cluster of fruits · the size of golf that break the stillness, are factors in the ex­ balls born on a large branching inflOl'escence. perience. The palm was perfectly straight, with no ten­ I have knelt in great cathedrals and li stened dency towards swelling at the base. I knew we to the chant of the choir boys or the tinkle of wanted seeds of this. the High Priest's little bell while my eyes It was our only chance perhaps to get them. counted the number of windows in the "Oriole" We had traveled days by auto, rail and boat to or the figur es carved in the marble pillars but reach this place and had been given for the day for me a Dipterocarp forest produces a far the use of a logging railroad-gasoline-motor to deeper feeling of religiou s ven~ration, and gives take us back deep into the forest. I had a feel­ me a sense of beauty that is infinitely greater. ing that never again would I stand almost with­ There is nowhere a single sign of the work of in reach of the fruits of this palm. I saw in my man's hands. Nowhere does a sense of lack of imagination seedlings of it growing in Coconut proportion anywhere in the scene confront me Grove and of watching them grow up. The idea in its vastness. Its incomparable variety thrills of leaving those fruits behind was unthinkable. me as nothing I see in the haunts of ~an is able Even so when Sulit began hacking at the trunk to. I wandered on Sunday morning here in the with his bolo (for neither he nor I could climb province of Camarines Sur in such a forest. The it and Conicosa, the tree -climber, had been left experience will remain always in my memory. behind) a feeling of curious melancholy over­ Mr. Sulit the Philippine botanist was with me . took me. It was perhaps mere sentimentality . But and our eyes wandered constantly from side to here we were felling the only Palindan palm we side of the harrow footpath searching for fruits had found in the dense still forest on this Sun­ or seeds, for palms of any kind especially. 'J'he day morning. Spiny Calamus palins had no fruits, but even The crown quivered and Sulit gave the last so were attractive with their splendid plumes. holo stroke and the magnificent palm crashed I have seen them planted in beds and without through the undergrowth falling flat down on trees to climb and they ate fascinatingly inter­ the ground . (Unlike a forest tree its crown of esting. Of course one has to keep away from leaves did not support its tip. The leaves broke their swinging leaf tips or get one's clothes torn to pieces.) I tried to photograph it as it fell to pieces. Calamus ornatus has most decorative but couldn't because of the small trees and faint fruits, brown, scaly affairs that any flower -ar­ light but I did stand over it and get the pictures rangement woman would 'rave over. Suddenly necessary to show its characteristics of enlarged on the path I saw some fruits the size of golf leaf bases and inflorescence golf ball like fruit. balls. They were black with mould and soft But the moment will remain always as an un­ and unattractive. They had fallen from a tall pleasant memory even though we did gather a climbing Ficus vine and by peering up into the bag full of fruits which were cleaned by Guil­ tree tops I could see a lot of them silhouetted lielmo, the boy of the Bamboo House (The against the sky. To get them would have re­ Bahay Kubo) and were packed in spagnum moss quired a trained monkey or a half hours work and are now enroute to the Fairchild Tropical with an axe. Those on the ground appeared to Garden. have seeds as I peered at them with my lens For hours we wandered along these trails so I took them. Later I had occasion to see fresh finding above our heads at one plac e a brilliant 5 scarlet fruit of a Sterculia-so striking in its is the Oriental Mangrove representative, Rhizo­ color and form that anybody would be delighted phora mucronata, which if it grows will interest to have it fruiting on his place in Florida. I botanists although it looks much like our R. could not determine its name. I do not know if mangle. They are not a circumstance to what we its seeds are edible as are those of Sterculia expect to get as time passes for believe it or not, f oetida. I have not seen its blooms either hut I there are more species of trees on Makiling am ·contented that its seeds ( only 3 or 4 un­ Volcano where the "Bahay Kubo" stands than fortunately) are on their way to Coconut Grove. there are in the whole of the U. S. It is bewilder ­ Although the tropical sm1 heat down on the ing to look at them, great towering things, each forest cover above us it was cool there in the with different flowers and fruits, each known shade as it usually is. No insects of any kind by a different Tagalog name and each a pos­ were about and on every side were the tall sible asset for Florida gardens. The Pongamia trunks of the splendid forest trees, each species pinnata, the Leucaena glauca, the Premna odor­ with its characteristic bark. ata, Albizzia lebbekoides and several handsome Hugo Curran had discovered an amazing Ficus species have done very well with us and thing! He came up the track jubilant over his many more deserve to be tried. discovery. And nobody knows with certainty We are the guests of the Director of the Bur­ yet what it is'.''W e have called it in our notes that eau of Forestry, De.an Florencia Tamesis, here have gone with the seeds Freycenetia hut I sus­ in this new bamboo house which has never be­ pect it will turn out to belong to another genus fore been occupied. He loves plants as few for­ of Pandanaceae. Its immense ~'t fi:(~reen flower esters do. I mean house plants and palms in cluster two feet long and its yellow berries will particular. Beside the steps to the charming perhaps put it · in the genus Sarranga · but as house stand specimens of a new and most decora­ Merrill told us before I left, "The order of Pan­ tive shade loving palm, Pinanga maculata which danaceae needs a lot of work done on it and you has not yet made its debut in the horticultural will find many fine forms in the Philippines." world hut when it does will create a sensation, Anyhow I stood Hugh up against a tree with his I predict. Immense orchids of V andiopsis deco­ find in his hands and have a photograph of its rate the lawn in front of my window here and long slender, dark green leaf and its immense as I look out I can see a giant aroid with cut cluster of grey green flowers and young fruits.
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