DOCSLIB.ORG

Swaziland Justice Sector and the Rule of Law

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Swaziland Justice Sector and the Rule of Law Swaziland Justice Sector and the Rule of Law A review by AfriMAP and the Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa Maxine Langwenya March 2013 2013 Open Society Foundations This publication is available as a pdf on the Open Society Foundations website or the AfriMAP website under a Creative Commons licence that allows copying and distributing the publication, only in its entirety, as long as it is attributed to the Open Society Foundations and used for non-commercial educational or public policy purposes. Photographs may not be used separately from the publication. Published by: The Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa ISBN: 978-1-920677-04-6 For further information, please contact: AfriMAP/OSISA PO Box 678 Wits, 2050 Johannesburg South Africa www.afrimap.org [email protected] www.osisa.org Design and lay-out by COMPRESS.dsl | www.compressdsl.com Contents List of tables vi List of abbreviations and acronyms vii Glossary of SiSwati terms ix Foreword x Preface xii Acknowledgements xiii Part I Swaziland: Justice Sector and the Rule of Law Discussion Paper 1 Introduction 3 1 International human rights treaties 4 2 Government respect for the law 8 3 Management of the justice sector 11 4 Independence and accountability of courts, prosecution authorities and lawyers 14 5 Crime and punishment 17 6 Access to justice 19 Conclusion and recommendations 24 Part II Swaziland: Justice Sector and the Rule of Law Main Report 27 1 Introduction 29 A. Background 30 B. The legal system in pre- and post-colonial Swaziland 31 C. Constitutional developments 34 D. The rule of law: A historical conspectus 36 E. Legal and institutional framework 38 F. Structure of the courts 50 G. The legislative process 61 H. Law reform in the justice sector 66 I. Recommendations 69 2 Management and oversight of the justice system 70 A. Introduction 70 B. The administration 71 C. The Attorney General 71 D. Commission on Human Rights and Public Administration 72 E. The Elections and Boundaries Commission 73 F. Anti-Corruption Commission 74 G. Planning and financial management 77 H. Funding of the justice sector 77 I. Auditing 78 J. The judiciary and administrative autonomy 79 K. Public information 83 L. Recommendations 83 3 Government respect for the rule of law 85 A. The rule of law as an exhortation 85 B. Mechanisms for review and accountability 86 C. Examples of government defiance of the rule of law 88 4 Independence and accountability of judges and lawyers 91 A. Introduction 91 B. The Judicial Service Commission 91 C. Judicial independence 93 D. Cases where the executive refused to respect the rule of law 99 E. Lawyers 104 F. Provision for the Directorate of Public Prosecutions 110 G. Recommendations 112 5 Criminal justice 113 A. Introduction 113 B. Power to effect arrest 113 C. Protection from crime 115 D. The community police 123 E. The law relating to bail in Swaziland 124 F. Police code of conduct 127 G. Investigation of complaints against the police 128 H. Fair trial 129 I. Right to legal representation 130 J. Victim and witness protection 134 K. Appropriate remedies and sentencing 135 L. Prisons 136 M. Rate of imprisonment 139 N. Conditions of detention 139 O. Reintegration of offenders 141 P. Recommendations 141 6 Access to justice 143 A. Introduction 143 B. The family 143 C. Chiefs’ courts 144 D. Ndabazabantu 146 E. Swazi courts 146 F. Access to courts 149 G. Right to appear and jurisdictional restrictions 150 H. Reasonable delay 152 I. Respect for court orders 152 J. Mechanisms for asserting rights outside the court system 152 K. Recommendations 153 7 Development partners 155 A. Coordination of development assistance 155 B. Donor-funded projects and human resources 156 C. Donor projects and human resources 156 D. Development assistance and promotion of, and respect for, human rights 156 E. Access to information on development assistance 156 References 157 List of tables Table 1 List of international and regional conventions acceded to and ratified by Swaziland 41 Table 2 Monies received from donors for governance issues 78 Table 3 Distribution of judges and magistrates by courts and gender 96 Table 4 Guide to legal practitioners’ fees 108 Table 5 Statistics in respect of cases reported to the police and in respect of cases disposed of by the courts 116 Table 6 Statistics in respect of crimes prioritised by the police in the period 2008 to 2010 116 Table 7 Ranks and total number of police and civilian officers within the RSP 117 Table 8 Rates of imprisonment for the 2010/2011 year 139 vi SWAZILAND: JUSTICE SECTOR AND THE RULE OF LAW List of abbreviations and acronyms ACC Anti-Corruption Commission ACHPR African Charter on Human and Peoples’ Rights AfriMAP Africa Governance Monitoring and Advocacy Project AG Attorney General AU African Union CDC Constitutional Drafting Committee CEDAW Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women CHRPA Commission on Human Rights and Public Administration CJ Chief Justice CMAC Conciliation, Mediation and Arbitration Commission CP&E Criminal Procedure and Evidence Act CRC Convention on the Rights of the Child DPP Director of Public Prosecutions EBC Elections and Boundaries Commission GDP gross domestic product HURISA Human Rights Institute of Southern Africa ICCPR International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ICESCR International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights ICJ International Commission of Jurists ICT information and communications technology IMF International Monetary Fund IT information technology ITUC International Trade Union Confederation JSC Judicial Service Commission MNC medium neutral citation MP Member of Parliament MVA Motor Vehicle Accident Fund NDS National Development Strategy NGO non-governmental organisation OAU Organization of African Unity OSISA Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa PEPFAR President’s Emergency Plan for Aids Relief PRSAP Poverty Reduction Strategy and Action Plan PWD Person living with a disability RSP Royal Swaziland Police SACPRO Swaziland Association for Crime Prevention and the Rehabilitation of Offenders SWAZILAND: JUSTICE SECTOR AND THE RULE OF LAW vii SACU Southern African Customs Union SADC Southern African Development Community SAFLI South African Legal Information Institute SAP Structural Adjustment Programme SFTU Swaziland Federation of Trade Unions SNAT Swaziland Association of Teachers SNUS Swaziland National Union of Students SWAGAA Swaziland Action Group against Abuse SWAYOCO Swaziland Youth Congress Swazilii Swaziland Legal Information Institute UN United Nations UNDAF United Nations Development Assistance Framework UNDP United Nations Development Programme UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund UPR Universal Peer Review USD United States dollar WLSA Women and Law in Southern Africa viii SWAZILAND: JUSTICE SECTOR AND THE RULE OF LAW Glossary of SiSwati terms Bandlancane: Smaller council of advisers at the level of traditional local councillors. Emalobolo: Cattle (and sometimes cash) given to the bride’s family by the groom’s family on marriage. Imphangele itala imphangele: Means that children may grow up and behave like their parents. Ingwenyama: The official title of the Swazi King, meaning ‘the Lion’. iNgwenyama-ayombula ingubo eNkhosini: This means to remove from oneself the blanket that would either protect one from weather elements and thus show one’s vulnerability, as it were, to the elements. Kwembula ingubo enkhosini: To seek the King’s intervention regarding a sensitive matter/conflict/ deadline. Liqoqo: The King’s Advisory Council. Lusendvo: An inner council of the family as understood under customary law. It is composed of members of the nuclear as well as the extended family. Nawe uliphoyisa: You are also a police officer. Ndabazabantu: Literally means one who likes other peoples’ stories. This is an officer who deals with land disputes, especially disputes regarding Swazi national land, but not title-deed land. Sibaya: Is the Swazi National Council, which is made up of all adult Swazi citizens. Tinkhundla: An inkhundla (plural, tinkhundla) is an area comprising several (about four or five) chiefdoms which, at election time, serves as a constituency area for the election of a parliamentary representative. Umphakatsi: The chief’s official residence. SWAZILAND: JUSTICE SECTOR AND THE RULE OF LAW ix Foreword This report evaluates Swaziland’s compliance with continental, regional and international commitments related to justice and the rule of law. The overall objective of the report is to assess the efficacy, accountability and responsiveness of the justice sector in Swaziland and to recommend policy and legislative reforms. The report was commissioned by AfriMAP and OSISA as part of a continent-wide initiative to assess African governments’ compliance with good governance, democracy and human rights standards. African governments and leaders have made good governance and the protection of human rights a central part of Africa’s development agenda. The challenge is no longer about a lack of normative frameworks and standards, but about implementation. By publishing a report of this nature we hope to catalyse a national dialogue around the justice sector that will identify and set national priorities. Established in 2004 by the African foundations of the Open Society Foundations, AfriMAP has been monitoring the compliance of African states with the new commitments undertaken by the African Union since 2000 in the field of good governance, democracy, human rights and the rule of law. The report
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Just Africa Journal Vol6(1) 2021
    Dr. Divya Singh e-mail: [email protected] Prof. Jaco Barkhuizen University of Limpopo Prof. Nicolene du Preez UNISA Prof. Jacob Mofokeng Tshwane University of Technology Dr. Kobus Schwartz South African Police Service Jeanette Smit Dr. Divya Singh STADIO(Editor-in-Chief) e-mail: [email protected] Dr. Phillip Vuma South African Police Service Annalise Kempen Dr. James Albrecht Pace University, USA e-mail: [email protected] Prof. Ghandi India Prof. Rajendra Gunputh University of Mauritius Dr. Demelash Kassaye Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia Dr. Divya Singh Editor-in-Chief Dr. Gráinne Perkins Office of Police Accountability, Jeanette Smit Editorial manager Seattle, Washington, USA Annalise Kempen Assistant editorial manager Prof. Ian de Vries STADIO Prof. Elmarie Sadler STADIO Dr. Leah Mofomme STADIO is a peer-reviewed academic journal that promotes academic and professional discourse and the publishing of research results on the subject of crime and criminal justice and other crime-related phenomena in the broad Criminological Sciences and applied field of criminal justice. was previously published by the ALL AFRICA CRIMINAL JUSTICE SOCIETY (ACJUS) (first published in 2013). STADIO (formerly Southern Business School (SBS)) and SARP Publishers, the publishers of Servamus Community-based Safety and Security Magazine, were recently granted permission to continue with the publication of and have joined forces to do so, combining their respective academic and publishing experience. Copyright: STADIO & SARP Publishers. Indemnity: The opinions expressed in this Journal are not necessarily those of the Editorial team, STADIO or SARP Publishers. ISSN: 978-0-620-61064-3 The Journal can be accessed at: http://www.servamus.co.za/index.php/journal or https://journals.co.za/content/journal/ajcj CHANGE IS INEVITABLE Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Alignment of Eswatini's Domestic Laws With
    ALIGNMENT OF ESWATINI’S DOMESTIC LAWS WITH RECOMMENDATIONS OF UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS MECHANISMS Southern Africa Litigation Centre Research Report bs, Food an Jo d D ig ll nity For A EUROPEAN UNION FOUNDATION FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC JUSTICE IN SWAZILAND SALC RESEARCH REPORT Alignment of Eswatini’s Domestic Laws with Recommendations of United Nations Human Rights Mechanisms © 2019 Southern Africa Litigation Centre, COSPE Onlus and Foundation for Socio-Economic Justice ISBN: 978-0-6399321-4-9 (print) ISBN: 978-0-6399321-5-6 (electronic) Cover Photograph: Shutterstock About the Southern Africa Litigation Centre (SALC) The Southern Africa Litigation Centre (SALC), established in 2005, supports human rights and public interest litigation undertaken by domestic lawyers and civil society in Southern Africa. SALC works in Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. About COSPE Onlus (Cooperazione per lo Sviluppo dei Paesi Emergenti) COSPE Onlus is an international NGO established in 1983 with headquarters in Italy, and a field office in Eswatini. COSPE has played a major role in the process of coordination of civil society actors, capacity strengthening, definition and implementation of advocacy activities and widespread promotion of UN mechanisms for the protection of human rights. About the Foundation for Socio-Economic Justice (FSEJ) The Foundation for Socio Economic Justice (FSEJ) is a non-profit association established in 2004 in Eswatini. The organisation works to empower Swazis to improve their livelihoods by facilitating, building and organising community-based organisations for their own emancipation and development. FSEJ provides capacity strengthening and disseminates information to all partners and the public to enable them to effectively participate in the socio-economic justice agenda.
    [Show full text]
  • Holding Eswatini to Account Assessing the Country’S Compliance with the Commonwealth Charter
    Holding eSwatini to Account Assessing the Country’s Compliance with the Commonwealth Charter JOBS CLIMATE-FRIENDLY JOBS RIGHTS SOCIAL PROTECTION EQUALITY INCLUSION A New Social Contract for Recovery and Resilience This report was commissioned by TUC Aid, the charitable arm of the Trades Union Congress in Great Britain, in partnership with TUCOSWA and with support from the ITUC and ITUC Africa. The interviews included in the text were conducted during December 2019-February 2020, and the report was edited by Clare Santry. The summary and conclusions are the work of the global trade union movement. It is published jointly by the TUC and ITUC. Permission to quote extracts will not be withheld unreasonably as long as the source is cited. Cover ©: MONGI ZULU / AFP 2|22 Holding eSwatini to Account: Assessing the Country’s Compliance with the Commonwealth Charter Trade union demands The government of eSwatini should: 1. Undertake a constitutional review in an all-inclusive and consultative process including civil society actors and political parties and establish a Law Reform Commission to embark on a law reform exercise. 2. Expressly repeal the 1973 Decree and amend the constitution to allow political parties to contest national elections. 3. Remove all legislative and practical restrictions on political parties to contest democratic multiparty elections and enact legislation to allow for the recognition, registration and operation of political parties. 4. Enact enabling legislation for the establishment of an independent and impartial Commission of Human Rights to undertake activities in the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions in accordance with the Paris Principles.
    [Show full text]
  • UNESWA Journal of Education, Volume 2, Number 1 2019
    UNESWA Journal of Education, Volume 2, Number 1 2019 UNESWA JOURNAL OF EDUCATION (UJOE) An Online Journal of the Faculty of Education University of Eswatini Kwaluseni Campus ======================= VOLUME 2 NUMBER 1 JULY 2019 ISSN: 2616-3012 UNESWA Journal of Education, Volume 2, Number 1 2019 EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Prof. O. I. Oloyede Dean Education EDITOR Prof. C. I. O. Okeke MANAGING EDITORS Prof. I. Oloyede Prof. C. I. O. Okeke Dr. R. Mafumbate Dr. K. Ntinda Dr. S.S.K. Thwala EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Prof. K.G. Karras (Education Studies), Faculty of Education, University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, Rethymno 74100, Crete, Greece. Prof. I. Oloyede (Science Education), Dept. of Curriculum & Teaching, Faculty of Education, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni Campus, Eswatini. Prof. Z. Zhang (Teaching and Learning), College of Education and P-16 Integration, The University of Texas, Rio Grange Valley, Brownsville, United States of America. Prof. C. I. O. Okeke (Sociology of Education), Dept. of Educational Foundations & Management, Faculty of Education, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni Campus, Eswatini. Prof. J.W. Badenhorst (Educational Psychology), Department of Postgraduate Studies, Central University of Technology, Welkom Campus, South Africa. Dr. T. Moodley (Child psychology), University of the West Cape, South Africa. Prof. B.D. Bantwini (Education Sciences), North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, South Africa. Prof. M.M. van Wyk (Curriculum and Instructional Studies), School of Teacher Education, College of Education, University of South Africa. Prof. E. O. Adu (Curriculum & Teaching), School of General & Continuing Education, Faculty of Education, University of Fort Hare, East London Campus. Prof. M.T. Gumbo (Technology Education), Department of Science & Technology Education, College of Education, University of South Africa, South Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing Quality of Care and Responsiveness of Health Services for Women in Crises Settings
    ASSESSING QUALITY OF CARE AND RESPONSIVENESS OF HEALTH SERVICES FOR WOMEN IN CRISES SETTINGS. SWAZILAND CASE STUDY Dr I. T. ZWANE, CONSULTANT FOR WHO JUNE 2005 1 Acknowledgements As author and principal investigator, I would like to express my acknowledgements to the invaluable support I and the research team received from the Ministry of Health & Social Welfare and World Health Organization. I would like to extend my sincere gratitude to research team members who worked with me at various stages of this project. These are Dr Isabella S Ziyane, Ms Eunice M Mabuza, both from the Faculty of Health Sciences of the University of Swaziland, and Ms Dudu Mbuli Ministry of Health & Social Welfare for their assistance in formulating the research instruments. The WHO local office is also acknowledged for the support provided. Ms Dudu Dlamini WHO focal person for this study is recognized immensely for her support. The success of this study is an outcome of the commitment and tire-less efforts of the above- mentioned officers. The participation and contribution of the World Health Organization (WHO) during the preparations for the study is highly appreciated as well as the Tinkhundla, chiefdoms and service providers that were part of the study. 2 ACRONYMS AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ANC Antenatal Clinics ASRH Adolescent Sexual Reproductive Health CSO Central Statistics Office ESRA Economic and Social Reform Agenda FLAS Family Life Association of Swaziland FP Family Planning HEU Health Education Unit HIS Health Information System HIV
    [Show full text]
  • Ending New HIV Infections by 2022
    Royal Eswatini Police Service Health and Inclusiveness Training Manual December 2018 Royal Eswatini Police Services, 2018 ©Royal Eswatini Police Service This training manual is a publication of the Royal Eswatni Police Services (REPS) in collaboration with Eswatini National AIDS Program (ENAP)-Ministry of Health, Eswatini and other partners. The text of this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted with proper acknowledgement. Recommended citation for this manual: Royal Eswatini Police Service (2018). Royal Eswatini Police Service Health and Inclusiveness manual, Learner manual. Mbabane, Eswatini. Disclaimer The opinions expressed in this document do not necessarily represent the officeial position or policy of Royal Eswatini Police Services or Eswatini National AIDS Program. ii Foreword As a Royal Eswatini Police Service, we remain unrelenting in our commitment to make an effective contribution in the fight against the HIV and AIDS scourge in the country. To that effect, we cherish and are humbled by the recognition accorded by the Ministry of Health, that our organization is one of the key stakeholders for broader success in reversing the frontier of this nemesis. To further escalate our efforts, as well as hearken to the call by His Majesty The King for all sectors in Eswatini society to join hands to put an end to new HIV infections by 2022 in consonance with the macro National 2022 Vision of a “First World Eswatini”, we have developed a multi-prolonged HIV and AIDS counteracting Strategy. The Strategy aside from addressing issues relating to the holistic support for members of the Police Service and their families who may be afflicted and affected by HIV and AIDS, also focuses on the critical aspect of creating a non-stigmatisation and non-discriminatory environment.
    [Show full text]
  • SYNTHESIS of SECONDARY DATA on CHILDREN and ADOLESCENTS in ESWATINI ©UNICEF Swaziland 2017/Karin September 2018 for UNICEF Eswatini
    SYNTHESIS OF SECONDARY DATA ON CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS IN ESWATINI ©UNICEF Swaziland 2017/Karin September 2018 For UNICEF Eswatini Design and layout: www.itldesign.co.za EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CONTENTS List of abbreviations .................................................................................................viii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ..................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 7 Country overview ............................................................................................................ 8 BACKGROUND .................................................................................................................. 10 Demographic overview ............................................................................................... 10 Socio-economic overview ........................................................................................... 12 Gender ........................................................................................................................... 18 Legislation and policy ................................................................................................... 19 Financing of government policy on children and youth ............................................ 24 YOUNG CHILD SURVIVAL AND DEVELOPMENT ........................................................... 25 Maternal and child health ............................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • NATIONAL EDUCATION and TRAINING SECTOR POLICY 2018 Street Address: Ministry of Education and Training Building, Hospital Hill Road, Mbabane Postal Address: P.O
    THE GOVERNMENT OF THE KINGDOM OF ESWATINI Ministry of Education and Training NATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING SECTOR POLICY 2018 Street address: Ministry of Education and Training Building, Hospital Hill Road, Mbabane Postal Address: P.O. Box 39 Mbabane, Eswatini Telephone: (+268) 2408 8300, (+268) 2404 24 91/5 and (+268) 2404 2496 Fax: (+268) 2404 3880 Website: www.gov.sz Copyright: Eswatini Ministry of Education and Training, 2018 © Publication date: July, 2018 National Education and Training Sector Policy Contents Foreword .............................................................................................................................. vii Acronyms ........................................................................................................................... viii Definitions of Policy Concepts ..............................................................................................ix Preamble .............................................................................................................................. xii 1. INTRODUCTION 1 1.1. The Education and Training Sector Legal and Policy Context ........................................1 1.2. Problem Statement ........................................................................................................2 1.3. Scope and Structure of the Revised Education and Training Sector Policy ...................3 1.4. Rationale of the Policy ....................................................................................................4 1.5. The Process
    [Show full text]
  • (Act No: of 2005) I ASSENT King of Swaziland
    THE CONSTITUTION OF THE KINGDOM OF SWAZILAND ACT, 2005 (Act No: of 2005) I ASSENT King of Swaziland ................................................................................................................ 2005 AN ACT entitled An Act to provide for the constitution of the Kingdom of Swaziland, 2005. ENACTED by the King and the Parliament of Swaziland. Arrangement of sections Section CHAPTER I THE KINGDOM AND ITS CONSTITUTION 1. The Kingdom and its territory 2. The Constitution 3. The Anthem, Flag and Languages CHAPTER II MONARCHY 4 The king and iNgwenyama 5. Succession to the Throne 6. Umntjwana (Crown Prince) 7. The Ndlovukazi 8. Umntjwanenkhosi Lomkhulu 9. Civil List of the king and Ngwenyama, 10. Immunity of king and iNgwenyama, from taxation 11. Protection of the king and Ngwenyama, in respect of legal proceedings 12. Oath by the king and iNgwenyama, 13. The King's Advisory Council CHAPTER III PROTECTION AND PROMOTION OF FUNDAMENTAL RIGHTS AND REEDOMS Fundamental rights and freedoms of the 14. individual 15. Protection of right to life 16. Protection of right to personal liberty 17. Protection from slavery and forced labour 18. Protection from inhuman or degrading treatment 19. Protection from deprivation of property 20. Equality before the law 21. Right to fair hearing 22. Protection against arbitrary search or entry 23. Protection of freedom of conscience or religion 24. Protection of freedom of expression Protection of freedom of assembly and 25. association 26. Protection of freedom of movement 27. Rights and protection of the family 28. Rights and freedoms of women 29. Rights of the child 30. Rights of persons with disabilities 31. Abolition of the status of illegitimacy 32.
    [Show full text]
  • 4, Quai Koch 67000 Strasbourg, France Phone:+33 (0)3.88.24.94.40
    NGO: EUROPEAN CENTRE FOR LAW AND JUSTICE (ECLJ) UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW 39TH SESSION STATUS OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN THE KINGDOM OF ESWATINI FOR THE 39TH SESSION OF THE UNIVERSAL PERIODIC REVIEW www.ECLJ.org 4, quai Koch 67000 Strasbourg, France Phone:+33 (0)3.88.24.94.40 NGO: European Centre for Law and Justice (ECLJ) UPR Submission—Eswatini —39th Session Status of Human Rights in Eswatini for the 39th Session of the Universal Periodic Review Introduction 1. The European Centre for Law and Justice (ECLJ) is an international, non-governmental organisation dedicated to promoting human rights around the world. The ECLJ holds Special Consultative status before the United Nations Economic and Social Council. The purpose of this report is to discuss the status of human rights in the Kingdom of Eswatini (Eswatini) for the 39th session of the Universal Periodic Review (UPR). Background 2. Eswatini (known as Swaziland until April 2018) is a country located in southern Africa, bordered by Mozambique and South Africa, with an estimated population of 1.1 million people1. The population is predominately Christian with an estimated 90% of the population identifying as Christian, 2% as Muslim, and 8% other2. 3. Eswatini’s previous review was held on 10 May 20163. As a result of the review, Eswatini received 180 recommendations 131 of which it supported4. One recommendation in particular, which Eswatini noted, encouraged the government to “[e]nact legislation to ensure women and girls’ rights are protected, including legislation banning early and forced marriages”. Another similar recommendation, which Eswatini supported, was to “[r]aise the legal minimum age of marriage to 18 years for girls”5.
    [Show full text]
  • Alignment of Eswatini's Domestic Laws with Recommendations of United
    ALIGNMENT OF ESWATINI’S DOMESTIC LAWS WITH RECOMMENDATIONS OF UNITED NATIONS HUMAN RIGHTS MECHANISMS Southern Africa Litigation Centre Research Report bs, Food an Jo d D ign ll ity For A FOUNDATION FOR SOCIO-ECONOMIC JUSTICE IN SWAZILAND SALC RESEARCH REPORT Alignment of Eswatini’s Domestic Laws with Recommendations of United Nations Human Rights Mechanisms © 2018 Southern Africa Litigation Centre, COSPE Onlus and Foundation for Socio-Economic Justice ISBN: 978-0-6399321-4-9 (print) ISBN: 978-0-6399321-5-6 (electronic) Cover Photograph: Shutterstock About the Southern Africa Litigation Centre (SALC) The Southern Africa Litigation Centre (SALC), established in 2005, aims to provide support – both technical and financial – to human rights and public interest initiatives undertaken by domestic lawyers and civil society in Southern Africa. SALC works in Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Eswatini, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia and Zimbabwe. SALC’s objectives include the provision of training and the facilitation of legal networks within the region. About COSPE Onlus (Cooperazione per lo Sviluppo dei Paesi Emergenti) COSPE Onlus is an international NGO established in 1983 with headquarters in Italy, and a field office in Eswatini. COSPE has played a major role in the process of coordination of civil society actors, capacity building, definition and implementation of advocacy activities and widespread promotion of UN mechanisms for the protection of human rights. About the Foundation for Socio-Economic Justice (FSEJ) The Foundation for Socio Economic Justice (FSEJ) is a non-profit association established in 2004 in Eswatini. The organisation works to empower Swazis to improve their livelihoods by facilitating, building and organising community-based organisations for their own emancipation and development.
    [Show full text]
  • Uneswa Journal of Education (Ujoe)
    UNESWA JOURNAL OF EDUCATION (UJOE) An Online Journal of the Faculty of Education University of Eswatini Kwaluseni Campus =================================== VOLUME 2 NUMBER 2 JANUARY 2020 ISSN: 2616-3012 UJOE Uniswa Journal of Education Vol 2, No. 2, 2020 http://www.uniswa.sz/academics-education-ujoe ISSN: 2616-3012(Online) ________________________________________________________________________________ EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Prof. I. Oloyede Dean Education EDITOR Dr. R. Mafumbate MANAGING EDITORS Prof. I. Oloyede Dr. R. Mafumbate Dr. K. Ntinda Dr. S.S.K. Thwala Dr. M.S. Ngcobo Dr. Y.A. Faremi EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS Prof. V. Chikoko (Educational Leadership), School of Education, University of KwaZulu- Natal, Durban, South Africa. Dr. O. Pemede (Sociology of Education), Faculty of Education, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria. Prof. M. Chitiyo (Special Education), Department Chair, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America. Dr. E. Mazibuko (History of Education), Examination Council of Eswatini. Prof. K.G. Karras (Education Studies), Faculty of Education, University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, Rethymno 74100, Crete, Greece. Prof. I. Oloyede (Science Education), Dept. of Curriculum & Teaching, Faculty of Education, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni Campus, Eswatini. Prof. Z. Zhang (Teaching and Learning), College of Education and P-16 Integration, The University of Texas, Rio Grange Valley, Brownsville, United States of America. Prof. C. I. O. Okeke (Sociology of Education), Dept. of Educational Foundations & Management, Faculty of Education, University of Eswatini, Kwaluseni Campus, Eswatini. Prof. J.W. Badenhorst (Educational Psychology), Department of Postgraduate Studies, Central University of Technology, Welkom Campus, South Africa. Prof. A.B. Oduaran (Adult Education & Lifelong Learning), Faculty of Education, North- West University, Mmabatho 2735, South Africa.
    [Show full text]