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Just Africa Journal Vol6(1) 2021

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Just Africa Journal Vol6(1) 2021 Dr. Divya Singh e-mail: [email protected] Prof. Jaco Barkhuizen University of Limpopo Prof. Nicolene du Preez UNISA Prof. Jacob Mofokeng Tshwane University of Technology Dr. Kobus Schwartz South African Police Service Jeanette Smit Dr. Divya Singh STADIO(Editor-in-Chief) e-mail: [email protected] Dr. Phillip Vuma South African Police Service Annalise Kempen Dr. James Albrecht Pace University, USA e-mail: [email protected] Prof. Ghandi India Prof. Rajendra Gunputh University of Mauritius Dr. Demelash Kassaye Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia Dr. Divya Singh Editor-in-Chief Dr. Gráinne Perkins Office of Police Accountability, Jeanette Smit Editorial manager Seattle, Washington, USA Annalise Kempen Assistant editorial manager Prof. Ian de Vries STADIO Prof. Elmarie Sadler STADIO Dr. Leah Mofomme STADIO is a peer-reviewed academic journal that promotes academic and professional discourse and the publishing of research results on the subject of crime and criminal justice and other crime-related phenomena in the broad Criminological Sciences and applied field of criminal justice. was previously published by the ALL AFRICA CRIMINAL JUSTICE SOCIETY (ACJUS) (first published in 2013). STADIO (formerly Southern Business School (SBS)) and SARP Publishers, the publishers of Servamus Community-based Safety and Security Magazine, were recently granted permission to continue with the publication of and have joined forces to do so, combining their respective academic and publishing experience. Copyright: STADIO & SARP Publishers. Indemnity: The opinions expressed in this Journal are not necessarily those of the Editorial team, STADIO or SARP Publishers. ISSN: 978-0-620-61064-3 The Journal can be accessed at: http://www.servamus.co.za/index.php/journal or https://journals.co.za/content/journal/ajcj CHANGE IS INEVITABLE Dr. Divya Singh LEGISLATIVE DEVELOPMENTS Dr. Marga van Rooyen CASE LAW Dr. Marga van Rooyen TALENT MANAGEMENT AND VOLUNTARY TURNOVER INTENTIONS OF POLICE OFFICIALS IN THE WINDHOEK REGION, NAMIBIA Prof. Nicolene Barkhuizen; Prof. Nico Schutte and Dortea Shipena INVESTIGATIVE INTERVIEWING FROM AN INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION PERSPECTIVE: A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK TO GUIDE LAW ENFORCERS IN SOUTH AFRICA Prof. Janette Hanekom THE ROLE OF TRADITIONAL LEADERSHIP IN CRIME PREVENTION IN NORTHERN KWAZULU-NATAL Prof. Muzukhona W. Buthelezi THE EFFECT OF INCARCERATION ON RECIDIVISM: A STUDY CONDUCTED ON MALE RECIDIVISTS AT KALITI PRISON CENTRE OF THE FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA Dr. Kibur Engdawork and Dr. Demelash Kassaye ARE WE SERIOUS ABOUT THE ROLE OF POLICING IN THE FUTURE? LEARNING FROM CRITICAL DISCOURSES Tobie Engelbrecht SOUTH AFRICAN POLICING PROFESSIONALISM IN 2021: A HISTORY OF FALSITAS Chris J. Botha INVESTIGATION: A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE TO THE BASIC PRINCIPLES, PROCEDURES AND FORENSIC PROCESSES INVITATION TO SUBMIT ARTICLES FOR JUST AFRICA JOURNAL 2021/2022 is inmates, victim involvement; and opportunistic crimes, specifi- a peer-reviewed academic journal that promotes aca- cally pandemic-related. While criminal justice during the demic and professional discourse and the publishing of COVID-19 pandemic will be the central theme, the Special research results on crime, criminal justice and other crime- Edition will appeal for multi- and interdisciplinary research. related phenomena in the broad Criminological Sciences and applied field of criminal justice. The impact of COVID-19 has been profound - countries have been ordered to shut down, people stayed at home, business- If the COVID-10 pandemic has taught us anything, it is that es were shuttered and streets emptied. The emerging body of change is inevitable. However, how we handle it, what we learn research is not unexpectedly referencing shifts in crime and from it, what changes are wrought because of the catalytic criminal behaviour, supporting the correlation relationship engagement is up to us. As Albert Einstein said: "The world we between opportunity for and prevalence of crime. Confirming have created is a process of our thinking. It cannot be changed this, Hodgkinson and Andresen (2020) note: without changing our thinking." Fulfilling its purpose to be rel- Exceptional events, like a pandemic, act as a natural evant, will be the incubator for new research experiment, because they change the structure of rou- and thought leadership in criminal justice. tine activities that can reorganise offenders, victims, and capable guardians converge in time and space. For In 2021, the Journal finds its home with STADIO example, if people are staying at home, their guardian- (Pty) Ltd, a new private higher education institution with nine ship over their residence would improve making these schools and more than 35 000 students. The partnership with targets more difficult to victimise. Alternatively, as work remains intact, and the continued focus on applied and life shift online, new targets or victims may emerge research in criminal justice will not change. The new Editorial for motivated offenders. Board, comprising local and international members and led by Jaco Barkhuizen, is already in place. The Editorial Board per- Widespread media reports also highlight the pandemic's forms an advisory function supporting the internal editorial impact on specific crime types, including corruption, cyber- committee, assuring the standard and quality of the Journal. crime, commercial crimes and hate crimes. On 3 April 2021, the New York Times reported increasing anti-Asian violence inci- Notwithstanding the name, the Journal will source scholarship dents, where people of Asian descent were beaten, insulted, and specialist expertise domestically, continentally and global- spat upon and had their homes and businesses vandalised. Do ly. Two editions of the Journal will be published we know whether the conduct is localised or a more significant annually, and all papers will be double-blind peer-reviewed. global menace? More importantly, how has the criminal justice Each publication will include new research from experienced system responded. scholars and at least one article from current Masters or Doctoral students. The Journal will also include book reviews Research into gender-based violence during the COVID-19 lock- and legal updates covering both case law and new legislation. down is essential. For example, during the imposed lockdown, The Editorial Committee intends to publish one Special Edition did the alcohol ban mitigate the scourge? Was the problem every two years focusing on a dedicated subject area or event exacerbated by the victim and abuser being stuck together in of topical interest to the criminal justice discipline. confined spaces coupled with other aggravating factors such as job losses and financial uncertainty? Reports from the USA vary Noting the lack of research on the impact of pandemics on - New York City reported lower numbers of calls for help, while crime rates and crime trends, the 2021 Special Edition will hone Chicago noted more calls to the police and domestic abuse hot- in on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the criminal jus- line than in the previous four years (Wojcik and Austin, 2020). tice system. Research papers will be sourced focusing on polic- Understanding the numbers demands a much deeper inter- ing activities and challenges; crime trends during the pandem- rogation of the victims' lived realities during the COVID-19 lock- ic; corrections including inmates' rights, early release of down, especially the support provided by the criminal justice system. One report by Wojcik and Austin (2020) points to diffi- If this is your research area, please contact the Editor or the edi- culties in obtaining protection orders and judges' reluctance to torial team to indicate your interest in submitting a research exclude people from their homes when the state had ordered paper or opinion piece to the Special Edition. them to stay there and they had no other alternative. In the field of corrections, there are several areas requiring Hodgkinson, T. & Andresen, M.A. (2020). Show me a man or a research. Recognising that correctional centre populations woman alone and I'll show you a saint: Changes in the fre- constituted one of the most vulnerable groups during the pan- quency of criminal incidents during the COVID-19 pandemic. demic, several countries implemented early release orders, yet Journal of Criminal Justice, 69. July to August. Available from: the system continued to incarcerate those who breached https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2020.101706. COVID-19 regulations? Many research questions come to the Miller, J.M. & Blumstein, A. (2020). Crime, justice and the fore: fairness, reasonableness and victimisation, inmate and COVID-19 pandemic: Toward a national research agenda. victim's rights, managing awaiting trial arrestees, fears for com- American Journal of Criminal Justice, 45: 515-524. Available munity safety, and an allied study must investigate recidivism from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12103-020-09555-z. and repeat offending. Highlighting the quandary for the crimi- Wojcik, M.E. & Austin, D.W. 2020. Criminal Justice and COVID- nal justice system, Miller and Blumstein (2020:517) point out 19. American Bar Association. Available from: that while these issues have traditionally been addressed daily, https://www.americanbar.org/groups/criminal_justice/publi- they take on a distinctly different form in the context of the cations/criminal-justice-magazine/2020/fall/criminal-justice- virus. covid-19/ The full impact of COVID-19 on the criminal
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